Long list of geospatial analysis tools. Geospatial analysis, or just spatial analysis, is an approach to applying statistical analysis and other analytic techniques to data which has a geographical or spatial aspect.
* [3D CityDB](http://www.3dcitydb.org/) - A free 3D geo database to store, represent, and manage virtual 3D city models on top of a standard spatial relational database. The database model contains semantically rich, hierarchically structured, multi-scale urban objects facilitating complex GIS modeling and analysis tasks, far beyond visualization.
* [Cloudant](https://cloudant.com/) - IBM noSQL database that supports spatial data (GeoJSON).
* [DB2 Spatial Extender](http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/db2spaext) - Spatial Extender allows you to store, manage, and analyze spatial data in DB2.
* [GeoCouch](https://github.com/couchbase/geocouch) - GeoCouch is a spatial extension for Couchbase and Apache CouchDB.
* [Microsoft SQL Server](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/spatial/spatial-data-sql-server) - Microsoft SQL/SQL Azure spatial features. All the spatial functionality is also available as a .NET library (can be downloaded using nuget)
* [MobilityDB](https://github.com/ULB-CoDE-WIT/MobilityDB) - An extension to the Postgres database which adds support for temporal and spatio-temporal objects
* [MongoDB](https://www.mongodb.com/) - Also supports GeoJSON and spatial indexes.
* [MySql Spatial](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/spatial-extensions.html) - MySql spatial extension.
* [OrientDB](https://github.com/orientechnologies/orientdb) - OrientDB is an Open Source Multi-Model NoSQL DBMS with the support of Native Graphs, Documents Full-Text, Reactivity, Geo-Spatial and Object Oriented concepts.
* [PgRouting](https://pgrouting.org/) - pgRouting extends the PostGIS / PostgreSQL geospatial database to provide geospatial routing functionality.
* [PostGIS Vector Tile Utils](https://github.com/mapbox/postgis-vt-util) - A set of PostgreSQL functions that are useful when creating vector tile sources.
* [Rasdaman](http://www.rasdaman.org/) - Array database that allows storing and querying massive multi-dimensional arrays, such as sensor, image, simulation, and statistics data appearing in domains like earth, space, and life science.
* [SciDB](http://www.paradigm4.com/) - Array database designed for multidimensional data management and analytics common to scientific, geospatial, financial, and industrial applications.
* [TileDB](https://github.com/TileDB-Inc/TileDB) - TileDB is a powerful engine for storing and accessing dense and sparse multi-dimensional arrays, which can help you model any complex data efficiently.
* [Global Mapper](http://www.bluemarblegeo.com/products/global-mapper.php) - Geospatial and remote sensing data analysis.
* [Guidos Toolbox](http://forest.jrc.ec.europa.eu/download/software/guidos/) - Some GDAL functionalities and includes MSPA (Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis) for connectivity maps.
* [IDL](http://www.harrisgeospatial.com/ProductsandSolutions/GeospatialProducts/IDL.aspx) - IDL is a programming language used for data analysis and image processing programming.
* [rasterix](https://github.com/mogasw/rasterix) - Rasterix is a cross-platform utility built around the GDAL library and the Qt framework designed to process geospatial raster data.
* [SNAP](https://step.esa.int/main/download/snap-download/) - SNAP is an open source common architecture for ESA Toolboxes ideal for the exploitation of Earth Observation data.
* [Spring](http://www.dpi.inpe.br/spring/english/index.html) - GIS and remote sensing image processing system with an object-oriented data model.
* [TerrSet](https://clarklabs.org/terrset/) - TerrSet (formerly IDRISI) is an integrated geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing software
* [The Sentinel Toolbox](https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/toolboxes) - The Sentinel Toolboxes consists of a collection of processing tools, data product readers and writers and a display and analysis application to process Sentinel data.
* [FME Desktop](https://www.safe.com/fme/fme-desktop/) - FME is an integrated collection of Spatial ETL tools for data transformation and data translation.
* [GC2](http://www.mapcentia.com/en/product/) - GC2 is an enterprise platform GIS (open source)
* [ILWIS](http://52north.org/communities/ilwis/ilwis-open) - Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS) is a remote sensing and GIS software.
* [LuciadFusion](http://www.luciad.com/solutions/luciadfusion) - An all-in-one server solution for your data publication workflow and geospatial data management
* [azure-maps-fullscreen-control](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-maps-fullscreen-control) - An Azure Maps Web SDK module that provides a control to display the map in fullscreen mode.
* [azure-maps-geolocation-control](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-maps-geolocation-control) - An Azure Maps Web SDK module that provides a control that uses the browser's geolocation API to locate the user on the map.
* [azure-maps-gridded-data-source](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-maps-gridded-data-source) - A module for the Azure Maps Web SDK that provides a data source that clusters data points into cells of a grid area.
* [azure-maps-selection-control](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-maps-selection-control) - An Azure Maps Web SDK module that provides controls for selecting data in a data source using drawing tools or by requesting a route range polygon.
* [azure-maps-swipe-map](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-maps-swipe-map) - A module for the Azure Maps Web SDK that allows swiping between two overlapping maps, ideal for comparing two overlapping data sets.
* [azure-maps-sync-maps](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-maps-sync-maps) - An Azure Maps Web SDK module that synchronizes the cameras of two or more maps.
* [CesiumJS](https://cesiumjs.org/) - An open-source JavaScript library for world-class 3D globes and maps.
* [CMV - The Configurable Map Viewer](https://github.com/cmv/cmv-app) - CMV is a community-supported open source mapping framework. CMV works with the Esri JavaScript API, ArcGIS Server, ArcGIS Online and more.
* [deck.gl](https://deck.gl) - A WebGL-powered framework for visual exploratory data analysis of large datasets.
* [Flare Cluster Layer](https://github.com/nickcam/FlareClusterLayer) - ArcGIS javascript custom graphics layer. Creates clusters and creates flares for clusters.
* [geojson-vt](https://github.com/mapbox/geojson-vt) - A highly efficient JavaScript library for slicing GeoJSON data into vector tiles on the fly.
* [Geomanjas](http://www.geomajas.org/) - Open source development software for web-based and cloud based GIS applications.
* [GeoNode](http://geonode.org/) - A web-based application and platform for developing geospatial information systems (GIS) and for deploying spatial data infrastructures (SDI).
* [Google Maps API Polyline String Decoder](https://github.com/mgd722/decode-google-maps-polyline) - Function that will convert encoded polyline strings (as returned by the Google Maps API) into a list of lat/lon pairs.
* [L7](https://github.com/antvis/L7) - Large-scale WebGL-powered Geospatial Data Visualization By Ant Financial
* [Leaflet.MapboxVectorTile](https://github.com/SpatialServer/Leaflet.MapboxVectorTile) - A Leaflet Plugin that renders Mapbox Vector Tiles on HTML5 Canvas.
* [Leaflet](http://leafletjs.com/) - Open-Source JavaScript Library for Mobile-Friendly Interactive Maps.
* [LuciadRIA](http://www.luciad.com/solutions/luciadria) - A JavaScript library for 3D globes and maps, with support for military symbology and desktop-like performance
* [Mapbox GL JS](https://www.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/) - Mapbox GL JS is a JavaScript library that uses WebGL to render interactive maps from vector tiles and Mapbox styles.
* [MapLibre GL](https://github.com/maplibre/maplibre-gl-js) - Is a community led fork derived from Mapbox GL JS prior to their switch to a non-OSS license.
* [Mapzen Tangram](https://github.com/tangrams/tangram) - JavaScript library for rendering 2D & 3D maps live in a web browser with WebGL, supports MVT, GeoJSON, TopoJSON.
* [Oskari](https://oskari.org/) - Framework for easily building multipurpose web mapping applications utilizing distributed Spatial Data Infrastructures like INSPIRE.
* [52North WPS](http://52north.org/communities/geoprocessing/wps/index.html) - The 52°North Web Processing Service (WPS) enables the deployment of geo-processes on the web in a standardized way. It features a pluggable architecture for processes and data encodings. The implementation is based on the current OpenGIS specification: 05-007r7. Its focus was the creation of an extensible framework to provide algorithms for generalization on the web.
* [Baremaps](https://www.baremaps.com/) - An open source pipeline for producing Mapbox vector tiles from OpenStreetMap with Postgis and Java.
* [Deegree](http://www.deegree.org/) - Open source software for spatial data infrastructures and the geospatial web. Deegree offers components for geospatial data management, including data access, visualization, discovery and security. Open standards are at the heart of Deegree. It supports WMS, WFS for Catalogue Service, WCS, WPS, WMTS.
* [GeoTrellis Server](https://github.com/geotrellis/geotrellis-server) - Tools for building raster processing and display services. It supports WMS, WCS, WMTS and can use individual rasters, STAC Catalogs (through the STAC API service) and GeoTrellis Layers as input raster sources.
* [MapGuide](https://mapguide.osgeo.org/) - Runs on Linux or Windows, supports Apache and IIS web servers, and has APIs (PHP, .NET, Java, and JavaScript) for application development.
* [MapProxy](http://mapproxy.org/) - An open source tile server proxy for geospatial data (WMS-C, TMS, WMTS, KML SuperOverlays). It caches, accelerates and transforms data from existing map services and serves any desktop or web GIS client.
* [Zoo Project WPS](http://www.zoo-project.org/) - A WPS (Web Processing Service) implementation written in C, Python and JavaScript. It is an open source platform which implements the WPS 1.0.0 and WPS 2.0.0 standards edited by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). It provides a developer-friendly framework for creating and chaining WPS compliant Web Services.
* [GAMMA](http://www.gamma-rs.ch/no_cache/software.html) - Allows processing of SAR, interferometric SAR (InSAR) and differential interferometric SAR (DInSAR).
* [GIAnT](http://earthdef.caltech.edu/projects/giant/wiki) - Python libraries and scripts that implement various published time-series InSAR algorithms in a common framework.
* [GMT5SAR](https://topex.ucsd.edu/gmtsar/) - InSAR processing system based on GMT.
* [LiCSBAS](https://github.com/yumorishita/LiCSBAS) - LiCSBAS is an open-source package in Python and bash to carry out InSAR time series analysis using LiCSAR products.
* [PolSARpro](https://earth.esa.int/web/polsarpro) - Open source radar image data processing software.
* [PyRate](https://github.com/GeoscienceAustralia/PyRate) - A Python tool for estimating velocity and time-series from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data.
* [pyroSAR](https://github.com/johntruckenbrodt/pyroSAR) - A Python Framework for Large-Scale SAR Satellite Data Processing.
* [SARPROZ](https://www.sarproz.com/) - Implements a wide range of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and Multi-Temporal InSAR processing techniques.
* [Sentinel Toolboxes](https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/toolboxes) - Free open source toolboxes for the scientific exploitation of the Sentinel missions.
* [DielmoOpenLidar](http://www.dielmo.com/eng/ficha-tecnologia-software.php?prod=21) - Open source software based in gvSIG for the management of LiDAR data.
* [LAStools](http://www.cs.unc.edu/~isenburg/lastools/) - A collection of highly-efficient, scriptable tools with multi-core batching that process LAS, compressed LAZ, Terrasolid BIN, .shp, and ASCII.
* [LASzip](https://www.laszip.org/) - Quickly turns bulky LAS files into compact LAZ files without information loss.
* [libLAS](https://liblas.org/) - libLAS is a C/C++ library for reading and writing the very common LAS LiDAR format.
* [MCC-LIDAR](https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcclidar/) - Multiscale Curvature Classification for LIDAR Data.
* [PDAL](http://www.pdal.io/) - PDAL is a C++ BSD library for translating and manipulating point cloud data.
* [plas.io](https://plas.io/) - WebGL point cloud rendering.
* [pyGEDI](https://github.com/EduinHSERNA/pyGEDI) - pyGEDI provides a high performance, lower cognitive load, and cleaner and more transparent code for data extraction, analysis, processing, and visualization of GEDI's products.
* [PyLAS](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyLAS) - A python library for reading and writing LAS files.
* [rGEDI](https://github.com/carlos-alberto-silva/rGEDI) - An R Package for NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) Data Visualization and Processing.
* [ArcGIS Earth](http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis-earth) - Display data, sketch placemarks, measure distances and areas, and add annotations at any part of the world
* [Open3D](http://www.open3d.org/) - Open-source library that supports rapid development of software that deals with 3D data. The Open3D frontend exposes a set of carefully selected data structures and algorithms in both C++ and Python.
* [Skyline](http://www.skylineglobe.com/SkylineGlobe/corporate/Default.aspx?) - A glimpse into Skyline's cutting-edge 3D geospatial visualization products, and their potential to transform the way your organization makes decisions, shares information and manages its assets
* [World Wind](http://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/java/) - Providing features for displaying with geographic data
* [6S_emulator](https://github.com/samsammurphy/6S_emulator) - The 6S emulator is an open-source atmospheric correction tool. It is based on the 6S radiative transfer model but it runs 100x faster with minimal additional error (i.e. <0.5%).
* [ACOLITE_MR](https://github.com/acolite/acolite_mr) - Atmospheric correction for aquatic applications of metre-scale satellites.
* [ARCSI](https://www.arcsi.remotesensing.info/) - The Atmospheric and Radiometric Correction of Satellite Imagery (ARCSI) software provides a command line tool for the generation of Analysis Ready Data (ARD) optical data including atmospheric correction, cloud masking, topographic correction etc.
* [Py6S](https://py6s.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) - Py6S is a interface to the Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S) atmospheric Radiative Transfer Model through the Python programming language.
* [radiometric_normalization](https://github.com/planetlabs/radiometric_normalization) - Implementation of radiometric normalization workflows.
* [sen2cor](http://step.esa.int/main/third-party-plugins-2/sen2cor/) - is a processor for Sentinel-2 Level 2A product generation and formatting; it performs the atmospheric-, terrain and cirrus correction of Top-Of- Atmosphere Level 1C input data.
* [DMASON](https://github.com/isislab-unisa/dmason) - DMASON is a parallel version of the MASON library for writing and running simulations of Agent based simulation models.
* [MASON](https://cs.gmu.edu/~eclab/projects/mason/) - MASON is a fast discrete-event multiagent simulation library core in Java, designed to be the foundation for large custom-purpose Java simulations, and also to provide more than enough functionality for many lightweight simulation needs. MASON contains both a model library and an optional suite of visualization tools in 2D and 3D.
* [SpaDES](https://spades.predictiveecology.org/) - Metapackage for implementing a variety of event-based models, with a focus on spatially explicit models. These include raster-based, event-based, and agent-based models.
* [Fragstats](https://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.html) - Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical Maps.
* [landscapemetrics](https://github.com/r-spatialecology/landscapemetrics) - landscapemetrics is an R package for calculating landscape metrics for categorical landscape patterns in a tidy workflow.
* [LS_METRICS](https://github.com/LEEClab/LS_METRICS) - A tool for calculating landscape connectivity and other ecologically scaled landscape metrics
* [Makurhini](https://github.com/connectscape/Makurhini) - R package for calculating fragmentation and landscape connectivity indices used in conservation planning.
* [GLOBIOM](https://iiasa.ac.at/web/home/research/GLOBIOM/GLOBIOM.html) - Global Biosphere Management Model (GLOBIOM) is used to analyze the competition for land use between agriculture, forestry, and bioenergy, which are the main land-based production sectors.
* [InVEST](https://naturalcapitalproject.stanford.edu/software/invest) - InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) is a suite of models used to map and value the goods and services from nature that sustain and fulfill human life.
* [MARXAN](https://marxansolutions.org/) - Marxan is freely available conservation planning software. It provides decision support to a range of conservation planning problems, including the design of new reserve systems, reporting on the performance of existing reserve systems, and developing multiple-use zoning plans for natural resource management.
* [prioriactions](https://github.com/prioriactions/prioriactions) - The prioriactions R package uses a mixed integer mathematical programming (MIP) approach for building and solving multi-action conservation planning problems, where the goal is to find an optimal combination of management actions that abate threats, in an efficient way while accounting for connectivity.
* [prioritizr](https://github.com/prioritizr/prioritizr) - R package that uses integer linear programming (ILP) techniques to provide a flexible interface for building and solving conservation planning problems.
* [Zonation](http://conservationcorridor.org/corridor-toolbox/programs-and-tools/zonation/) - Zonation produces a hierarchical prioritization of the landscape based on the occurrence levels of biodiversity features in sites (cells) by iteratively removing the least valuable remaining cell while accounting for connectivity and generalized complementarity.
* [CSV2GEO](https://csv2geo.com) - Batch geocoder using excel/csv file, text or API as an input and get latitude, longitude and an interactive map as output.
* [Fulcrum](http://www.fulcrumapp.com/) - A mobile data collection platform that allows you to build, deploy, & collect field data with your own customizable data collection apps.
* [AREA2](https://area2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/overview.html) - AREA 2 (“area squared” or “area two”), short for Area Estimation & Accuracy Assessment, is a Google Earth Engine application that provides comprehensive support for sampling and estimation in a design-based inference framework.
* [earthEngineGrabR](https://github.com/JesJehle/earthEngineGrabR) - The earthEngineGrabR is an interface between R and the Google Earth Engine, which simplifies the acquisition of remote sensing data.
* [ee-rgb-timeseries](https://github.com/jdbcode/ee-rgb-timeseries) - Earth Engine JS module to color time series chart points as stretched 3-band RGB.
* [eemont](https://github.com/davemlz/eemont) - A python package that extends Google Earth Engine.
* [exploreRGEE](https://github.com/joshualerickson/exploreRGEE) - Google Earth Engine (GEE) in the Rstudio IDE.
* [gee-atmcorr-S2](https://github.com/samsammurphy/gee-atmcorr-S2) - Atmospheric correction of Sentinel 2 imagery in Google Earth Engine using Py6S.
* [gee_s1_ard](https://github.com/adugnag/gee_s1_ard) - Creates an analysis ready sentinel-1 SAR image collection in Google Earth Engine by applying additional border noise correction, speckle filtering and radiometric terrain normalization.
* [AIDE](https://github.com/microsoft/aerial_wildlife_detection) - Annotation Interface for Data-driven Ecology: Tools for detecting wildlife in aerial images using active learning
* [libtorch-yolov3](https://github.com/walktree/libtorch-yolov3) - A Libtorch implementation of the YOLO v3 object detection algorithm.
* [LightNet](https://github.com/ansleliu/LightNet) - LightNet: Light-weight Networks for Semantic Image Segmentation (Cityscapes and Mapillary Vistas Dataset)
* [mmsegmentation](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation) - MMSegmentation is an open source semantic segmentation toolbox based on PyTorch. It is a part of the OpenMMLab project.
* [PixelLib](https://github.com/ayoolaolafenwa/PixelLib) - Pixellib is a library for performing segmentation of images. It suports both Semantic Segmentation as Instance Segmentation.
* [ShelfNet](https://github.com/juntang-zhuang/ShelfNet) - Implementation of a CNN model for real-time semantic segmentation.
* [SIMRDWN](https://github.com/avanetten/simrdwn) - The Satellite Imagery Multiscale Rapid Detection with Windowed Networks (SIMRDWN) codebase combines some of the leading object detection algorithms into a unified framework designed to detect objects both large and small in overhead imagery.
* [SNIPER](https://github.com/mahyarnajibi/SNIPER) - SNIPER is an efficient multi-scale object detection algorithm.
* [Solaris](https://github.com/cosmiq/solaris) - CosmiQ Works Geospatial Machine Learning Analysis Toolkit.
* [srcnn](https://github.com/WarrenGreen/srcnn) - Super Resolution for Satellite Imagery.
* [Temporal Convolutional Neural Network](https://github.com/charlotte-pel/temporalCNN) - Temporal Convolutional Neural Network for the Classification of Satellite Image Time Series.
* [TernausNetV2](https://github.com/ternaus/TernausNetV2) - TernausNetV2: Fully Convolutional Network for Instance Segmentation.
* [TorchGeo](https://github.com/microsoft/torchgeo) - TorchGeo is a PyTorch domain library, similar to torchvision, that provides datasets, transforms, samplers, and pre-trained models specific to geospatial data.
* [ArcGIS Python API](https://developers.arcgis.com/python/) - ArcGIS API for Python is a Python library for working with maps and geospatial data, powered by web GIS.
* [autoRIFT](https://github.com/leiyangleon/autoRIFT) - Python module of a fast and intelligent algorithm for finding the pixel displacement between two images.
* [Cartopy](http://scitools.org.uk/cartopy/) - A library providing cartographic tools for python for plotting spatial data.
* [cedar-datacube](https://github.com/ceholden/cedar-datacube) - Create Earth engine Datacubes of Analytical Readiness.
* [Centroids](https://github.com/lyzidiamond/centroids) - This application reads a valid geojson FeatureCollection and returns a valid geojson FeatureColleciton of centroids.
* [chupaESRI](https://github.com/johnjreiser/chupaESRI) - ChupaESRI is a Python module/command line tool to extract features from ArcGIS Server map services.
* [CoastSat](https://github.com/kvos/CoastSat) - CoastSat is an open-source software toolkit written in Python that enables users to obtain time-series of shoreline position at any coastline worldwide from 30+ years (and growing) of publicly available satellite imagery.
* [cog_validator](https://github.com/rouault/cog_validator) - This is a standalone (Python / Flask) service that allows users to submit GeoTIFF files (preferably by URL) and check their compliance with the Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) specification.
* [CuPy](https://github.com/cupy/cupy) - NumPy-like API accelerated with CUDA.
* [cuSpatial](https://github.com/rapidsai/cuspatial) - GPU-Accelerated Spatial and Trajectory Data Management and Analytics Library.
* [EODAG](https://eodag.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) - Command line tool and a plugin-oriented Python framework for searching, aggregating results and downloading remote sensed images while offering a unified API for data access regardless of the data provider.
* [GSTools](https://github.com/GeoStat-Framework/GSTools) - A geostatistical toolbox: random fields, variogram estimation, covariance models, kriging and much more.
* [Rasterstats](https://github.com/perrygeo/python-rasterstats/) - Python module for summarizing geospatial raster datasets based on vector geometries.
* [geojson-area](https://github.com/scisco/area) - Calculate the area inside of any GeoJSON geometry.
* [geojson-area](https://github.com/scisco/area) - Calculate the area inside of any GeoJSON geometry. This is a port of Mapbox's geojson-area for Python.
* [geojsonio.py](https://github.com/jwass/geojsonio.py) - Open GeoJSON data on geojson.io from Python. geojsonio.py also contains a command line utility that is a Python port of geojsonio-cli.
* [geosnap](https://github.com/spatialucr/geosnap) - geosnap makes it easier to explore, model, analyze, and visualize the social and spatial dynamics of neighborhoods.
* [get_modis](https://github.com/jgomezdans/get_modis) - Downloading MODIS data from the USGS repository.
* [GIPPY](https://github.com/gipit/gippy) - Geospatial Image Processing for Python.
* [gpdvega](https://github.com/iliatimofeev/gpdvega) - gpdvega is a bridge between GeoPandas and Altair that allows to seamlessly chart geospatial data.
* [Landsat-util](https://github.com/developmentseed/landsat-util) - Landsat-util is a command line utility that makes it easy to search, download, and process Landsat imagery.
* [leafmap](https://github.com/giswqs/leafmap) - A Python package for geospatial analysis and interactive mapping with minimal coding in a Jupyter environment.
* [lidar](https://github.com/giswqs/lidar) - Terrain and hydrological analysis using digital elevation models (DEMs).
* [LT-ChangeDB](https://github.com/eMapR/LT-ChangeDB) - Scripts to extract spectral change information from LandTrendr data to a geodatabase.
* [Mahotas-imread](https://github.com/luispedro/imread) - Read images to numpy arrays.
* [Mahotas](https://github.com/luispedro/mahotas) - Mahotas is a library of fast computer vision algorithms (all implemented in C++ for speed) operating over numpy arrays.
* [orbit-predictor](https://github.com/satellogic/orbit-predictor) - Orbit Predictor is a Python library to propagate orbits of Earth-orbiting objects (satellites, ISS, Santa Claus, etc) using TLE (Two-Line Elements set).
* [osm2geojson](https://github.com/aspectumapp/osm2geojson) - Parse OpenStreetMap (OSM) XML and Overpass JSON/XML.
* [Planet Movement](https://github.com/rhammell/planet-movement) - Python module enables the searching and processing of Planet imagery to highlight object movement between valid image pairs.
* [planetary-computer](https://pypi.org/project/planetary-computer/https://pypi.org/project/planetary-computer/) - Python library for interacting with the Microsoft Planetary Computer.
* [PODPAC](https://podpac.org/) - PODPAC is a python library that builds on the scientific python ecosystem to enable simple, reproducible geospatial analyses that run locally or in the cloud.
* [prosail](https://github.com/jgomezdans/prosail) - Python bindings for the PROSAIL canopy reflectance model.
* [pyCSW](http://pycsw.org/) - Fully implements the OpenGIS Catalogue Service Implementation Specification (Catalogue Service for the Web). Initial development started in 2010 (more formally announced in 2011). The project is certified OGC Compliant, and is an OGC Reference Implementation.
* [pydelatin](https://github.com/kylebarron/pydelatin) - Python bindings to `hmm` for fast terrain mesh generation
* [pyDEM](https://github.com/creare-com/pydem) - Python library for Global Hydrology Analysis. Used to calculate upstream contributing area, aspect, slope, and topographic wetness index.
* [pygeoapi](https://pygeoapi.io/)pygeoapi is a Python server implementation of the OGC API suite of standards. The project emerged as part of the next generation OGC API efforts in 2018 and provides the capability for organizations to deploy a RESTful OGC API endpoint using OpenAPI, GeoJSON, and HTML.
* [pyWPS](http://pywps.org/) - An implementation of the Web Processing Service standard from the Open Geospatial Consortium. PyWPS is written in Python. It enables integration, publishing and execution of Python processes via the WPS standard.
* [RasterFrames](https://github.com/locationtech/rasterframes) - RasterFrames brings together Earth-observation (EO) data access, cloud computing, and DataFrame-based data science.
* [Rasterio](https://github.com/mapbox/rasterio) - Rasterio employs GDAL under the hood for file I/O and raster formatting.
* [Rasterstats](https://github.com/perrygeo/python-rasterstats/) - Python module for summarizing geospatial raster datasets based on vector geometries.
* [RichDEM](https://github.com/r-barnes/richdem) - High-performance Terrain and Hydrology Analysis.
* [RIOS](https://bitbucket.org/chchrsc/rios/overview) - Raster I/O Simplification. A set of python modules which makes it easy to write raster processing code in Python.
* [routing-py](https://github.com/gis-ops/routing-py) - Python library to access all public routing, isochrones and matrix APIs in a consistent manner.
* [RSGISLib](http://www.rsgislib.org/) - The Remote Sensing and GIS software library (RSGISLib) is a collection of tools for processing remote sensing and GIS datasets. The tools are accessed using Python bindings or an XML interface.
* [Rtree](http://toblerity.org/rtree/) - For efficiently querying spatial data.
* [S2P - Satellite Stereo Pipeline](https://github.com/cmla/s2p) - S2P is a Python library and command line tool that implements a stereo pipeline which produces elevation models from images taken by high resolution satellites.
* [satpy](https://satpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) - Satpy is a python library for reading, manipulating, and writing data from remote-sensing earth-observing meteorological satellite instruments.
* [telluric](https://github.com/satellogic/telluric) - telluric is a Python library to manage vector and raster geospatial data in an interactive and easy way.
* [thunder](https://github.com/thunder-project/thunder) - Thunder is an ecosystem of tools for the analysis of image and time series data in Python.
* [Tobler](https://github.com/pysal/tobler) - Tobler is a python package for areal interpolation, dasymetric mapping, and change of support.
* [ts-raster](https://github.com/adbeda/ts-raster) - ts-raster is a python package for analyzing time-series characteristics from raster data. It allows feature extraction, dimension reduction and applications of machine learning techniques for geospatial data.
* [Turfpy](https://github.com/omanges/turfpy) - This is Python library for performing geo spatial data analysis. This is an python alternative for turf.js.
* [urbansim](https://github.com/UDST/urbansim) - New version of UrbanSim, a platform for modeling metropolitan real estate markets.
* [USGS API](https://github.com/kapadia/usgs) - USGS is a python module for interfacing with the US Geological Survey's API.
* [Verde](https://github.com/fatiando/verde) - Verde is a Python library for processing spatial data (bathymetry, geophysics surveys, etc) and interpolating it on regular grids (i.e., gridding).
* [whitebox](https://github.com/giswqs/whitebox) - Python frontend for [WhiteboxTools](https://github.com/jblindsay/whitebox-tools).
* [WhiteboxTools-ArcGIS](https://github.com/giswqs/WhiteboxTools-ArcGIS) - ArcGIS Python Toolbox for [WhiteboxTools](https://github.com/jblindsay/whitebox-tools).
* [xarray-spatial](https://github.com/makepath/xarray-spatial) - xarray-spatial implements common raster analysis functions using Numba and provides an easy-to-install, easy-to-extend codebase for raster analysis.
* [xarray](http://xarray.pydata.org/en/stable/) - xarray (formerly xray) is an open source project and Python package that aims to bring the labeled data power of pandas to the physical sciences, by providing N-dimensional variants of the core pandas data structures.
* [xarray_leaflet](https://github.com/davidbrochart/xarray_leaflet) - An xarray extension for tiled map plotting.
* [xcube](https://github.com/dcs4cop/xcube) - xcube is a Python package for generating and exploiting data cubes powered by xarray, dask, and zarr.
* [YATSM](https://github.com/ceholden/yatsm) - Yet Another Timeseries Model (YATSM) is a Python package for utilizing a collection of timeseries algorithms and methods designed to monitor the land surface using remotely sensed imagery.
* [Apache SIS](http://sis.apache.org/) - Apache Spatial Information System (SIS) is a free software, Java language library for developing geospatial applications.
* [asgbook](https://github.com/lakshmanok/asgbook) - Implementation of GIS/RS features in Java. Its also the code accompanying the book "Automating the Analysis of Spatial Grids" by Valliappa Lakshmanan.
* [GeoWebCache](http://www.geowebcache.org/) - a Java web application used to cache map tiles coming from a variety of sources such as OGC Web Map Service (WMS). It implements various service interfaces (such as WMS-C, WMTS, TMS, Google Maps KML, Virtual Earth) in order to accelerate and optimize map image delivery. It can also recombine tiles to work with regular WMS clients.
* [GeOxygene](https://sourceforge.net/projects/oxygene-project/) - Provide an open framework which implements OGC/ISO specifications for the development and deployment of GIS applications.
* [Gisgraphy](http://www.gisgraphy.com/) - Open source framework that offers the ability to do geolocalisation and geocoding via Java APIs or REST webservices.
* [GraphHopper Routing Engine](https://github.com/graphhopper/graphhopper) - GraphHopper is a fast and memory efficient Java routing engine, released under Apache License 2.0. By default it uses OpenStreetMap and GTFS data, but it can import other data sources.
* [JTS Topology Suite](http://www.vividsolutions.com/jts/jtshome.htm) - JTS Topology Suite is an API of 2D spatial predicates and functions.
* [LuciadLightspeed](http://www.luciad.com/solutions/luciadlightspeed) - A Java library that provides the foundations for advanced geospatial analytics applications
* [MapFish Print](http://mapfish.github.io/) - The purpose of Mapfish Print is to create reports that contain maps (and map related components) within them. The project is a Java based servlet/library/application based on the mature Jasper Reports Library.
* [Openmap](https://github.com/openmap-java/openmap) - Open Source JavaBeans-based programmer's toolkit.
* [Spatial4j](https://github.com/locationtech/spatial4j) - Spatial4j is a general purpose geospatial ASL licensed open-source Java library.
* [whitebox-geospatial-analysis-tools](https://github.com/jblindsay/whitebox-geospatial-analysis-tools) - An open-source GIS and remote sensing package.
* [World Wind Java SDK](http://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/java/) - Nasa cross-platform Java SDK.
* [geospatial-messenger](https://github.com/sdeleuze/geospatial-messenger) - Geospatial messenger application written with Spring Boot + Kotlin + PostgreSQL.
* [Bing Maps REST Toolkit](https://github.com/Microsoft/BingMapsRESTToolkit) - This is a portable class library which makes it easy to access the Bing Maps REST services from .NET.
* [Bing Maps Spatial Data Services Toolkit](https://github.com/Microsoft/BingMapsSDSToolkit) - This toolkit makes it easy to use the Bing Maps Spatial Data Services (SDS) in .NET.
* [Bing-Maps-Fleet-Tracker](https://github.com/Microsoft/Bing-Maps-Fleet-Tracker) - The Bing Maps Fleet Tracker is a tracking solution for small to medium sized teams. Easily track vehicles and mobile devices.
* [BotBuild-Location](https://github.com/Microsoft/BotBuilder-Location) - An open-source location picker control for Microsoft Bot Framework powered by Bing Maps REST services.
* [BruTile](https://github.com/BruTile/BruTile) - BruTile is a .NET library to access tile services like those of OpenStreetMap, MapBox or GeodanMaps.
* [DEM Net Elevation API](https://github.com/dem-net/DEM.Net) - 3D terrain generation library, provides access to global DEM datasets (OpenTopography, Nasa ASTER) and tiled imagery services. GlTF and STL export formats supported. [Live demo](https://elevationapi.com)
* [Earth-Lens](https://github.com/Microsoft/Earth-Lens) - Earth Lens, a Microsoft Garage project is an iOS iPad application that helps people and organizations quickly identify and classify objects in aerial imagery through the power of machine learning.
* [Mapbox Maps SDK for Unity](https://www.mapbox.com/unity-sdk/) - The Maps SDK for Unity is a collection of tools for building Unity applications from real map data.
* [MaxRev.Gdal.Core](https://github.com/MaxRev-Dev/gdal.netcore) - Bindings for GDAL and OGR (both win-x64 and linux-x64).
* [NTS Net Topology Suite](https://github.com/NetTopologySuite/NetTopologySuite) - A .NET GIS solution that is fast and reliable for the .NET platform.
* [SharpKml](https://sharpkml.codeplex.com/) - Is able to read/write both KML files and KMZ files.
* [SharpMap](http://sharpmap.codeplex.com/) - SharpMap is an easy-to-use mapping library for use in web and desktop applications.
* [Windows UWP map control](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/apps/xaml/dn642089.aspx) - The Bing Maps control built into the Windows UWP platform.
* [Boost Geometry](http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_61_0/libs/geometry/doc/html/index.html) - Part of collection of the Boost C++ Libraries, defines concepts, primitives and algorithms for solving geometry problems.
* [copc-lib](https://github.com/RockRobotic/copc-lib) - copc-lib provides an easy-to-use interface for reading and creating Cloud Optimized Point Clouds.
* [dreich_algorithm](https://github.com/csdms-contrib/dreich_algorithm) - Algorithm for extracting channel networks from high resolution topographic data.
* [entwine](https://github.com/connormanning/entwine) - Entwine is a data organization library for massive point clouds, designed to conquer datasets of hundreds of billions of points as well as desktop-scale point clouds.
* [GDAL](http://www.gdal.org/) - Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) is a computer library that serve as a translator library for raster and vector geospatial data formats.
* [gdalcubes](https://github.com/appelmar/gdalcubes) - gdalcubes is a library to represent collections of Earth Observation (EO) images as on demand data cubes (or multidimensional arrays).
* [Halide](https://github.com/halide/Halide) - Halide is a programming language designed to make it easier to write high-performance image processing code on modern machines.
* [hydroflow](https://github.com/sistemalabgis/hydroflow) - Compute drainage orders in drainage basins using Strahler and Shreve methods.
* [ITK](https://itk.org/) - ITK is an open-source, cross-platform system that provides developers with an extensive suite of software tools for image analysis.
* [LASzip](https://github.com/LASzip/LASzip) - Quickly turns bulky LAS files into compact LAZ files without information loss.
* [laz-perf](https://github.com/hobu/laz-perf) - Alternative LAZ implementation for C++ and JavaScript.
* [libGeoTiff](https://trac.osgeo.org/geotiff/) - Manipulate TIFF based interchange format for georeferenced raster imagery.
* [libspatialindex](https://github.com/libspatialindex/libspatialindex) - C++ implementation of R*-tree, an MVR-tree and a TPR-tree with C API.
* [Mapbox GL Native](https://github.com/mapbox/mapbox-gl-native) - Render Mapbox styles in mobile, desktop, and node applications using C++ and OpenGL.
* [Mapnik](http://mapnik.org/) - C++ library for map rendering.
* [Mapzen Tangram-ES](https://github.com/tangrams/tangram-es) - C++ library for rendering 2D and 3D maps using OpenGL ES 2 with custom styling and interactions
* [networkit](https://github.com/networkit/networkit) - NetworKit is a growing open-source toolkit for large-scale network analysis.
* [OpenDroneMap](https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/OpenDroneMap) - OpenDroneMap is a tool to postprocess drone, balloon, kite, and street view data to geographic data including orthophotos, point clouds, & textured mesh.
* [OpenOrienteering Mapper](https://github.com/OpenOrienteering/mapper) - OpenOrienteering Mapper is a software for creating maps for the orienteering sport.
* [Orfeo ToolBox](https://www.orfeo-toolbox.org/) - Orfeo TooLBox (OTB) is an open-source C++ library for remote sensing images processing, distributed under the Apache v2.0 licence.
* [OSMExpress](https://github.com/protomaps/OSMExpress) - Fast database file format for OpenStreetMap.
* [OSRM (Open Source Routing Machine)](http://project-osrm.org/) - High performance routing engine written in C++, designed to run on OpenStreetMap data. Services available: Nearest, Route, Table, Match, Trip, Tile.
* [otbtf](https://github.com/remicres/otbtf) - Deep learning with otb.
* [pprepair](https://github.com/tudelft3d/pprepair) - Validation and Automatic Repair of Planar Partitions.
* [prepair](https://github.com/tudelft3d/prepair) - Automatic repair of single polygons (according to the OGC Simple Features / ISO19107 rules) using a constrained triangulation.
* [Pronto Raster](https://github.com/ahhz/raster) - C++ library for geographical raster data analysis.
* [RichDEM](https://github.com/r-barnes/richdem) - High-performance Terrain and Hydrology Analysis.
* [RoutingKit](https://github.com/RoutingKit/RoutingKit) - RoutingKit is a C++ library that provides advanced route planning functionality.
* [RSGISLib](https://bitbucket.org/petebunting/rsgislib/src/bf7933996822?at=default) - The Remote Sensing and GIS software library (RSGISLib) is a collection of tools for processing remote sensing and GIS datasets. The tools are accessed using Python bindings or an XML interface.
* [Selene](https://github.com/kmhofmann/selene) - A C++14 image representation, processing and I/O library.
* [Spatial](https://sourceforge.net/projects/spatial/) - Spatial is a generic header-only C++ library providing multi-dimensional in-memory containers, iterators and functionals.
* [Supercluster](https://github.com/mapbox/supercluster.hpp) - A C++14 port of supercluster, a fast 2D point clustering library for use in interactive maps.
* [TauDEM](https://github.com/dtarb/TauDEM) - Terrain Analysis Using Digital Elevation Models (TauDEM) software for hydrologic terrain analysis and channel network extraction.
* [Terralib](http://www.dpi.inpe.br/terralib5/wiki/doku.php?id=start) - TerraLib is a GIS classes and functions open source library.
* [TIN Terrain](https://github.com/heremaps/tin-terrain) - A command-line tool for converting heightmaps in GeoTIFF format into tiled optimized meshes.
* [Vector Tiles Producer](https://github.com/vross/vector-tiles-producer) - Command line tool in C++ to creates vector tiles for a given area at chosen zoom levels using a Mapnik XML.
* [VROOM](https://github.com/VROOM-Project/vroom) - VROOM is an open-source optimization engine written in C++17 that aim at providing good solutions to various real-life vehicle routing problems (VRP) within a small computing time.
* [Datamaps](https://github.com/ericfischer/datamaps) - This is a tool for indexing large lists of geographic points or lines and dynamically generating map tiles from the index for display.
* [libpostal](https://github.com/openvenues/libpostal) - A C library for parsing/normalizing street addresses around the world. Powered by statistical NLP and open geo data.
* [Shapefile C Library](http://shapelib.maptools.org/) - Provides the ability to write simple C programs for reading, writing and updating (to a limited extent) .shp and .dbf files.
* [BuntDB](https://github.com/tidwall/buntdb) - BuntDB is an embeddable, in-memory key/value database for Go with custom indexing and geospatial support.
* [Go-proj-4](https://github.com/pebbe/go-proj-4) - Go bindings for the Cartographic Projections Library PROJ.4.
* [Go-shp](https://github.com/jonas-p/go-shp) - Go library for reading and writing ESRI Shapefiles. Pure Golang implementation based on the ESRI Shapefile technical description.
* [pg_tileserv](https://github.com/CrunchyData/pg_tileserv) - A very thin PostGIS-only tile server in Go. Takes in HTTP tile requests, executes SQL, returns MVT tiles.
* [S2](https://github.com/golang/geo) - S2 is a library for spherical geometry that aims to have the same robustness, flexibility, and performance as the best planar geometry libraries.
* [Tegola](https://github.com/go-spatial/tegola) - Tegola is a vector tile server delivering Mapbox Vector Tiles with support for PostGIS and GeoPackage data providers.
* [A/B Street](https://github.com/dabreegster/abstreet) - A traffic simulation game exploring how small changes to roads affect cyclists, transit users, pedestrians, and drivers.
* [geographiclib-rs](https://github.com/georust/geographiclib-rs) - A subset of geographiclib implemented in Rust.
* [Hecate](https://github.com/mapbox/Hecate) - Fast Geospatial Feature Storage API.
* [kdtree-rs](https://github.com/mrhooray/kdtree-rs) - K-dimensional tree in Rust for fast geospatial indexing and nearest neighbors lookup
* [Martin](https://github.com/urbica/martin) - Martin is a PostGIS vector tiles server suitable for large databases. Martin is written in Rust using Actix web framework.
* [rust-netcdf](https://github.com/georust/netcdf) - Medium-level netCDF bindings for Rust, allowing easy reading and writing of array-like structures to a file.
* [PostGIS ActiveRecord Adapter](https://github.com/rgeo/activerecord-postgis-adapter) - ActiveRecord adapter for PostGIS.
* [Rgeo GeoJSON](https://github.com/rgeo/rgeo-geojson) - RGeo component for reading and writing GeoJSON.
* [Rgeo Shapefile](https://github.com/rgeo/rgeo-shapefile) - Optional module for RGeo for reading geospatial data from ESRI shapefiles.
* [Rgeo](https://github.com/rgeo/rgeo) - RGeo is a geospatial data library for Ruby. It provides an implementation of the Open Geospatial Consortium's Simple Features Specification
* [Tarantool/GIS](https://github.com/tarantool/gis) - A full-featured geospatial extension for Tarantool.
* [TerraME](http://www.terrame.org/doku.php) - TerraME is a programming environment for spatial dynamical modelling. It supports cellular automata, agent-based models, and network models running in 2D cell spaces.
* [HGeometry](https://github.com/noinia/hgeometry) - HGeometry is a library for computing with geometric objects in Haskell. It defines basic geometric types and primitives, and it implements some geometric data structures and algorithms.
* [hgis](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hgis) - Package containing functions to make graphs, read shapefiles, and compute areas/perimeters of geographic features.
* [TerraHS](https://wiki.haskell.org/TerraHS) - TerraHS is a software component that enables the development of geographical applications in a functional language, using the data handling capabilities and spatial operations of TerraLib.
* [Apple MapKit](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/mapkit) - Display map or satellite imagery directly from your app's interface, call out points of interest, and determine placemark information for map coordinates.
* [Mapbox Navigation SDK for iOS](https://github.com/mapbox/mapbox-navigation-ios) - Turn-by-turn navigation logic and UI in Swift or Objective-C on iOS.
* [MapboxDirections.swift](https://github.com/mapbox/MapboxDirections.swift) - Traffic-aware directions in Swift or Objective-C on iOS, macOS, tvOS, and watchOS.
* [turf-swift](https://github.com/mapbox/turf-swift) - A Swift language port of Turf.js.
* [fulgurite](https://github.com/SatelliteApplicationsCatapult/fulgurite) - Fulgurite is a way to use Apache Spark to process GeoTIFF images in a distributed way.
* [RTree2D](https://github.com/plokhotnyuk/rtree2d) - RTree2D is a 2D immutable R-tree with STR (Sort-Tile-Recursive) packing for ultra-fast nearest and intersection queries.
* [Stac4s](https://github.com/azavea/stac4s) - a scala library with primitives to build applications using the SpatioTemporal Asset Catalogs specification.
* [DSpatial](http://dspatial.sourceforge.net/) - DSpatial is an Open Source software development project to provide developers using Delphi with a library of tools for the use, manipulation, and visualization of spatial data.
* [LandTrendr](https://github.com/KennedyResearch/LandTrendr-2012) - LandTrendr (Landsat-based Detection of Trends in Disturbance and Recovery) attempt to capture, label, and map changes in Earth's surface for use in science, natural resource management, and education.
* [CCDC](https://github.com/GERSL/CCDC) - Algorithm developed for Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) of land cover using all available Landsat data.
* [Cmask](https://github.com/GERSL/Cmask) - This tool called Cmask (Cirrus cloud mask) is used for cirrus cloud detection in Landsat 8 imagery using a time series of data from the Cirrus Band (1.36 – 1.39 µm).
* [COLD](https://github.com/GERSL/COLD) - Algorithm for COntinuous monitoring of Land Disturbance (COLD) using Landsat time series.
* [MFmask](https://github.com/qsly09/MFmask) - Automated cloud and cloud shadow detection for Landsats 4-8 images.
* [CoordinateTransformations.jl](https://github.com/JuliaGeometry/CoordinateTransformations.jl) - Julia package to manage simple or complex networks of coordinate system transformations.
* [DataFrames.jl](https://github.com/JuliaStats/DataFrames.jl) - Tools for working with tabular data in Julia.
* [DynamicGrids.jl](https://github.com/cesaraustralia/DynamicGrids.jl) - Generalised framework for building high-performance grid-based spatial simulations, including cellular automata, but also allowing a wider range of behaviours like random jumps and interactions between multiple grids. It is extended by Dispersal.jl for modelling organism dispersal processes.
* [EcologicalNetwork.jl](https://github.com/PoisotLab/EcologicalNetwork.jl) - This julia package provides a common interface to analyze all types of data on ecological networks.
* [GDALfuns.jl](https://github.com/meggart/GDALfuns.jl) - Auto-generated low-level wrapper for the GDAL library.
* [GeoArrays.jl](https://github.com/evetion/GeoArrays.jl) - Simple geographical raster interaction built on top of ArchGDAL, GDAL and CoordinateTransformations.
* [GeoData.jl](https://github.com/rafaqz/GeoData.jl) - Standardising geospatial data in the Julia language.
* [GeoDataFrames.jl](https://github.com/evetion/GeoDataFrames.jl) - Simple geographical vector interaction built on top of ArchGDAL.
* [GeoJSON.jl](https://github.com/JuliaGeo/GeoJSON.jl) - This library is developed independently of, but is heavily influenced in design by the python-geojson package.
* [GeoMakie.jl](https://github.com/JuliaPlots/GeoMakie.jl) - Geographical plotting utilities for Makie.jl
* [GeoStats.jl](https://github.com/juliohm/GeoStats.jl) - Geostatistics in Julia.
* [ImageFiltering.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/ImageFiltering.jl) - ImageFiltering implements blurring, sharpening, gradient computation, and other linear filtering operations, as well nonlinear filters like min/max.
* [ImageMetadata.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/ImageMetadata.jl) - ImageMetadata is a simple package providing utilities for working with images that have metadata attached.
* [ImageMorphology.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/ImageMorphology.jl) - This package provides morphology-related functionality to the Images.jl project.
* [Images.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/Images.jl) - An image processing library for Julia.
* [ImageSegmentation.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/ImageSegmentation.jl) - Julia package for multiple Image Segmentation Algorithms.
* [ImageTransformations.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/ImageTransformations.jl/tree/master/src) - This package provides support for image resizing, image rotation, and other spatial transformations of arrays.
* [Interpolations.jl](https://github.com/juliohm/Interpolations.jl) - This package implements a variety of interpolation schemes for the Julia language.
* [JuliaGIS](https://github.com/wkearn/GIS.jl) - A package for the visualization and manipulation of geographic data.
* [LazIO.jl](https://github.com/evetion/LazIO.jl) - Extends LasIO with Laszip integration.
* [LibGEOS.jl](https://github.com/JuliaGeometry/LibGEOS.jl) - LibGEOS is a LGPL-licensed package for manipulation and analysis of planar geometric objects, based on the libraries GEOS (the engine of PostGIS) and JTS (from which GEOS is ported).
* [LibLAS.jl](https://github.com/visr/LibLAS.jl) - Julia wrapper for LibLAS, a library for reading and writing the LAS LiDAR format.
* [LibSpatialIndex.jl](https://github.com/JuliaGeo/LibSpatialIndex.jl) - A library for spatially indexing kD bounding box data (based on libspatialindex).
* [NearestNeighbors.jl](https://github.com/KristofferC/NearestNeighbors.jl) - High performance nearest neighbor data structures and algorithms for Julia.
* [NetCDF.jl](https://github.com/JuliaGeo/NetCDF.jl) - NetCDF support for the julia programming language.
* [NMEA.jl](https://github.com/zznop/NMEA.jl) - NMEA.jl is a package for parsing NMEA GPS protocol sentences.
* [OpenStreetMaps.jl](https://github.com/tedsteiner/OpenStreetMap.jl) - This package provides basic functionality for parsing, viewing, and working with OpenStreetMap map data.
* [OpenStreetMapX.jl](https://github.com/pszufe/OpenStreetMapX.jl) - Provides basic functionality for parsing, viewing, and working with OpenStreetMap map data.
* [OpenStreetMapXPlot.jl](https://github.com/pszufe/OpenStreetMapXPlot.jl) - Plotting functionality for the OpenStreetMapX.jl (Supports PyPlot.jl and Plots.jl with GR backend).
* [RasterDataSources.jl](https://github.com/EcoJulia/RasterDataSources.jl) - Downloads raster data for local use or for integration into other spatial data packages, like GeoData.jl.
* [Terriajs](https://github.com/TerriaJS/terriajs) - A library for building rich, web-based geospatial data explorers.
* [Tinker.jl](https://github.com/JuliaImages/Tinker.jl) - Interactive graphical tool for complex image analysis.
* [Turf.jl](https://github.com/yeesian/Turf.jl) - This library is a port of Turf.js to the Julia programming language for geospatial analysis.
* [ViziCities](https://github.com/UDST/vizicities#getting-started) - A framework for 3D geospatial visualization in the browser.
* [VoronoiDelaunay.jl](https://github.com/JuliaGeometry/VoronoiDelaunay.jl) - Fast, robust construction of 2D Delaunay and Voronoi tessellations on generic point types.
* [Watershed.jl](https://github.com/seung-lab/Watershed.jl) - This is a translation of Zlateski's C++ Watershed code.
## JavaScript
* [Arabesque](https://github.com/gflowiz/arabesque) - Arabesque is a web application for thematic mapping of flow and networks datasets.
* [arc.js](https://github.com/springmeyer/arc.js) - Calculate great circles routes as lines in GeoJSON or WKT format.
* [ArcGIS API](https://developers.arcgis.com/javascript/) - ArcGIS API for JavaScript.
* [GeoExt](https://geoext.github.io/geoext3/) - Open Source and enables building desktop-like GIS applications through the web. It is a JavaScript framework that combines the GIS functionality of OpenLayers with the user interface of the ExtJS library provided by Sencha.
* [Geokit](https://github.com/developmentseed/geokit) - Geokit is a command-line interface (CLI) tool written in javascript, that contains all the basic functionalities for measurements, conversions and operations of geojson files.
* [GeoPackage.js](https://github.com/ngageoint/geopackage-js) - GeoPackage JS is an implementation of the OGC GeoPackage spec. This library works in both the browser and Node 4+.
* [Ginkgoch](https://ginkgoch.com) - Ginkgoch is a GIS visualization, analyze library on Node.js. It allows to build cross-platform GIS services, desktop and mobile apps.
* [gmaps.js](https://github.com/hpneo/gmaps) - gmaps.js allows you to use the potential of Google Maps in a simple way.
* [Google Maps API](https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/javascript/?hl=pt-br) - Google Maps API for JavaScript.
* [Heatcanvas.js](https://github.com/sunng87/heatcanvas) - Yet another heatmap implementation for Javascript.
* [Heatmap.js](https://www.patrick-wied.at/static/heatmapjs/) - A heatmap implementation for Javascript.
* [iTowns](http://www.itowns-project.org/) - A Three.js-based framework written in Javascript/WebGL for visualizing 3D geospatial data. It can connect to WMS/WMTS/TMS servers including elevation data and load many different data formats (3dTiles, gpx, KML and much much more).
* [kepler.gl](https://uber.github.io/kepler.gl/#/) - kepler.gl is a data-agnostic, high-performance web-based application for visual exploration of large-scale geolocation data sets.
* [Koop](https://koopjs.github.io/) - Koop - an open source geospatial data server. Transform geospatial data on the fly and serve as GeoJSON, Vector Tiles, Feature Services and more.
* [leaflet-providers](https://github.com/leaflet-extras/leaflet-providers) - An extension to Leaflet that contains configurations for various free tile providers.
* [Leaflet](http://leafletjs.com/) - Open-Source JavaScript Library for Mobile-Friendly Interactive Maps.
* [LuciadRIA](http://www.luciad.com/solutions/luciadria) - A JavaScript library for 3D globes and maps, with support for military symbology and desktop-like performance
* [mapbox-gl-draw](https://github.com/mapbox/mapbox-gl-draw) - Draw tools for mapbox-gl-js.
* [mapshaper-proj](https://github.com/mbloch/mapshaper-proj) - A JavaScript port of the Proj.4 map projection library.
* [NASA WebWorldWind](https://github.com/NASAWorldWind/WebWorldWind) - The NASA WorldWind Javascript SDK (WebWW) includes the library and examples for creating geo-browser web applications and for embedding a 3D globe in HTML5 web pages.
* [OpenLayers](http://openlayers.org/) - Open source AJAX library.
* [OSM Building](https://osmbuildings.org/) - A JavaScript library for visualizing OpenStreetMap building geometry on 2D and 3D maps.
* [pouchdb-geospatial](https://github.com/dpmcmlxxvi/pouchdb-geospatial) - The PouchDB Geospatial plugin provides spatial querying of GeoJSON objects right in the browser.
* [procedural-gl-js](https://github.com/felixpalmer/procedural-gl-js) - Procedural GL JS is a library for creating 3D map experiences on the web, written in JavaScript and WebGL. It is built on top THREE.js.
* [proj4js](https://github.com/proj4js/proj4js) - JavaScript library to transform coordinates from one coordinate system to another, including datum transformations.
* [react-leaflet](https://github.com/PaulLeCam/react-leaflet) - React components for Leaflet maps.
* [react-map-gl](https://github.com/uber/react-map-gl) - React friendly API wrapper around MapboxGL JS.
* [TileMantle](https://github.com/naturalatlas/tilemantle) - A tool to warm up your tile server cache. Give it a URL template, geometry, and list of zoom levels and it will request tiles incrementally to warm it up.
* [tilestrata-mapnik](https://github.com/naturalatlas/tilestrata-mapnik) - TileStrata provider for rendering tiles with mapnik.
* [TileStrata](https://github.com/naturalatlas/tilestrata) - A pluggable Node.js map tile server.
* [Turf.js](http://turfjs.org/) - Advanced geospatial analysis for browsers and node.
* [ui-leaflet](https://github.com/angular-ui/ui-leaflet) - AngularJS directive to embed an interact with maps managed by Leaflet library.
* [Vue2Leaflet](https://github.com/KoRiGaN/Vue2Leaflet) - Vue 2 components for Leaflet maps.
* [Windshaft](https://github.com/CartoDB/Windshaft) - A Node.js map tile library for PostGIS and torque.js, with CartoCSS styling.
* [ade4](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ade4/index.html) - Tools for multivariate data analysis. Several methods are provided for the analysis (i.e., ordination) of one-table (e.g., principal component analysis, correspondence analysis), two-table (e.g., coinertia analysis, redundancy analysis), three-table (e.g., RLQ analysis) and K-table (e.g., STATIS, multiple coinertia analysis).
* [adehabitat](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/adehabitat/index.html) - A collection of tools for the analysis of habitat selection by animals.
* [adehabitatHR](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/adehabitatHR/index.html) - A collection of tools for the estimation of animals home range.
* [adehabitatHS](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/adehabitatHS/index.html) - A collection of tools for the analysis of habitat selection.
* [adehabitatLT](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/adehabitatLT/index.html) - A collection of tools for the analysis of animal movements.
* [adehabitatMA](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/adehabitatMA/index.html) - A collection of tools to deal with raster maps.
* [Akima](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/akima/index.html) - Interpolation of Irregularly and Regularly Spaced Data.
* [AMOEBA](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/AMOEBA/index.html) - A function to calculate spatial clusters using the Getis-Ord local statistic. It searches irregular clusters (ecotopes) on a map.
* [bfastSpatial](https://github.com/loicdtx/bfastSpatial) - Package to pre-process gridded time-series data in order for them to be analyzed with change detection algorithms such as bfast. Uses classes from the raster package and includes utilities to run the algorithms and post-process the results.
* [cartography](https://github.com/riatelab/cartography) - Thematic Cartography with R.
* [classInt](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/classInt/index.html) - Selected commonly used methods for choosing univariate class intervals for mapping or other graphics purposes.
* [CompRandFld](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/CompRandFld/index.html) - A set of procedures for the analysis of Random Fields using likelihood and non-standard likelihood methods is provided.
* [constrainedKriging](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/constrainedKriging/index.html) - Provides functions for efficient computations of nonlinear spatial predictions with local change of support.
* [cshapes](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/cshapes/index.html) - Package for CShapes, a GIS dataset of country boundaries (1946-today). Includes functions for data extraction and the computation of distance matrices and -lists.
* [dbmss](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/dbmss/index.html) - Simple computation of spatial statistic functions of distance to characterize the spatial structures of mapped objects.
* [deldir](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/deldir/index.html) - Calculates the Delaunay triangulation and the Dirichlet or Voronoi tessellation (with respect to the entire plane) of a planar point set.
* [dggridR](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/dggridR/index.html) - Provides an interface to DGGRID for working with discrete global grids, using hexagons, triangles, and diamonds to overcome the issue that every bin have the same area.
* [DSpat](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/DSpat/index.html) - Fits inhomogeneous Poisson process spatial models to line transect sampling data and provides estimate of abundance within a region.
* [earthEngineGrabR](https://github.com/JesJehle/earthEngineGrabR) - The earthEngineGrabR is an interface between R and the Google Earth Engine, which simplifies the acquisition of remote sensing data.
* [ecespa](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ecespa/index.html) - Functions for Spatial Point Pattern Analysis.
* [edgebundle](https://github.com/schochastics/edgebundle) - R package implementing edge bundling algorithms.
* [elsa](https://github.com/babaknaimi/elsa) - ELSA (entropy-based local indicator of spatial association) is a novel spatial statistic to measure local spatial autocorrelation in both categorical and continuous spatial data.
* [exactextractr](https://github.com/isciences/exactextractr) - R package for fast and accurate raster zonal statistics.
* [ExceedanceTools](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ExceedanceTools/index.html) - Tools for constructing confidence regions for exceedance regions and contour lines.
* [fasterize](https://github.com/ecohealthalliance/fasterize) - High performance raster conversion for modern spatial data.
* [FieldSim](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/FieldSim/index.html) - Tools for random fields and bridges simulations.
* [forestError](https://github.com/benjilu/forestError) - A Unified Framework for Random Forest Prediction Error Estimation.
* [ForesToolboxRS](https://github.com/ytarazona/ForesToolboxRS) - R package providing a variety of tools and algorithms for the processing and analysis of satellite images for the various applications of Remote Sensing for Earth Observations.
* [FRK](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/FRK/index.html) - Is a tool for spatial/spatio-temporal modelling and prediction with large datasets.
* [gdalcubes_R](https://github.com/appelmar/gdalcubes_R) - R package for gdalcubes to process collections of Earth observation image collection as on demand data cubes.
* [geoaxe](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/geoaxe/index.html) - Split 'geospatial' objects into pieces. Includes support for some spatial object inputs, 'Well-Known Text', and 'GeoJSON'.
* [geojsonio](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/geojsonio/index.html) - Convert data to 'GeoJSON' or 'TopoJSON' from various R classes, including vectors, lists, data frames, shape files, and spatial classes.
* [geojsonsf](https://github.com/SymbolixAU/geojsonsf) - Conversion between sf and geojson.
* [geom](https://github.com/paleolimbot/geom) - Vectorized geometries and low-level GEOS access.
* [GEOmap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/GEOmap/index.html) - Topographic and Geologic Mapping.
* [geoR](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/geoR/index.html) - Analysis of Geostatistical Data.
* [geoRglm](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/geoRglm/index.html) - Functions for inference in generalised linear spatial models.
* [georob](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/georob/index.html) - Provides functions for fitting linear models with spatially correlated errors by robust and Gaussian Restricted Maximum Likelihood and for computing robust and customary point and block kriging predictions, along with utility functions for cross-validation and for unbiased back-transformation of kriging predictions of log-transformed data.
* [geosphere](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/geosphere/index.html) - Permits computations of distance and area to be carried out on spatial data in geographical coordinates.
* [geospt](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/geospt/index.html) - Contains some geostatistical and radial basis functions, including prediction and cross validation.
* [geovctrs](https://github.com/paleolimbot/geovctrs) - Common Classes and Data Structures for Geometry Vectors.
* [GeoXp](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/GeoXp/index.html) - Permits interactive graphical exploratory spatial data analysis.
* [getSpatialData](https://github.com/16EAGLE/getSpatialData) - An R package making it easy to query, preview, download and preprocess multiple kinds of spatial data via R.
* [ggmap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggmap/index.html) - Spatial Visualization with ggplot2.
* [ggsn](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggsn/index.html) - Adds north symbols and scale bars in kilometers to maps in geographic or metric coordinates.
* [glmmBUGS](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/glmmBUGS/index.html) - Automates running Generalized Linear Mixed Models, including spatial models, with WinBUGS, OpenBUGS and JAGS.
* [gmt](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/gmt/index.html) - Interface between the GMT map-making software and R.
* [googleway](https://github.com/SymbolixAU/googleway) - R Package for accessing and plotting Google Maps.
* [Grid2Polygons](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/Grid2Polygons/index.html) - Converts a spatial object from class SpatialGridDataFrame to SpatialPolygonsDataFrame.
* [GriegSmith](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/GriegSmith/index.html) - Uses the Grieg-Smith method on 2 dimensional spatial data.
* [gstat](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/gstat/index.html) - Spatio-Temporal Geostatistical Modelling, Prediction and Simulation.
* [gwrr](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/gwrr/index.html) - Fits geographically weighted regression (GWR) models and has tools to diagnose and remediate collinearity in the GWR models.
* [hdeco](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/hdeco/index.html) - Provides hierarchical decomposition of entropy for categorical map comparisons.
* [HSAR](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/HSAR/index.html) - A library of the Hierarchical Spatial Autoregressive Model (HSAR), based on a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm.
* [intamap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/intamap/index.html) - Procedures for automated interpolation.
* [ipdw](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ipdw/index.html) - Functions are provided to interpolate geo-referenced point data via Inverse Path Distance Weighting.
* [kuenm](https://github.com/marlonecobos/kuenm) - kuenm is an R package designed to make the process of model calibration and final model creation easier and more reproducible, and at the same time more robust.
* [landmap](https://github.com/EnvirometriX/landmap) - Provides methodology for automated mapping i.e. spatial interpolation and/or prediction using Ensemble Machine Learning.
* [Landsat](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/landsat/index.html) - Radiometric and topographic correction of satellite imagery.
* [landscapemetrics](https://github.com/r-spatialecology/landscapemetrics) - landscapemetrics is an R package for calculating landscape metrics for categorical landscape patterns in a tidy workflow.
* [latticeDensity](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/latticeDensity/index.html) - Contains functions that compute the lattice-based density estimator of Barry and McIntyre.
* [lawn](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lawn/index.html) - Client for 'Turfjs' for 'geospatial' analysis. The package revolves around using 'GeoJSON' data.
* [lctools](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lctools/index.html) - Package provides researchers and educators with easy-to-learn user friendly tools for calculating key spatial statistics and to apply simple as well as advanced methods of spatial analysis in real data.
* [leafletR](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/leafletR/index.html) - Interactive Web-Maps Based on the Leaflet JavaScript Library.
* [LPDynR](https://github.com/xavi-rp/LPDynR) - An R-package to calculate Land Productivity Dynamics using variables derived from Earth Observation imagery.
* [lidR](https://github.com/Jean-Romain/lidR) - R package for airborne LiDAR data manipulation and visualisation for forestry application.
* [lucCalculus](https://github.com/e-sensing/lucCalculus) - Spatiotemporal calculus for land use change trajectories.
* [magclass](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/magclass/index.html) - Data class for increased interoperability working with spatial- temporal data together with corresponding functions and methods (conversions, basic calculations and basic data manipulation).
* [Makurhini](https://github.com/connectscape/Makurhini) - R package for calculating fragmentation and landscape connectivity indices used in conservation planning.
* [mapboxapi](https://github.com/walkerke/mapboxapi) - R interface to Mapbox web services.
* [mapdeck](https://github.com/SymbolixAU/mapdeck) - R interface to Deck.gl and Mapbox.
* [mapsf](https://github.com/riatelab/mapsf) - Thematic cartography with R.
* [maptools](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/maptools/index.html) - Tools for Reading and Handling Spatial Objects.
* [mapview](https://r-spatial.github.io/mapview/index.html) - mapview provides functions to very quickly and conveniently create interactive visualisations of spatial data.
* [marmap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/marmap/index.html) - Package is designed for downloading, plotting and manipulating bathymetric and topographic data in R.
* [marmap](https://github.com/ericpante/marmap) - Import, plot and analyze bathymetric and topographic data.
* [maxnet](https://github.com/mrmaxent/maxnet) - R package for modelling species geographic distributions. It implements much of the functionality of the Maxent Java application.
* [McSpatial](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/McSpatial/index.html) - Provides functions for locally weighted regression, semiparametric and conditionally parametric regression, fourier and cubic spline functions, GMM and linearized spatial logit and probit, k-density functions and counterfactuals, nonparametric quantile regression and conditional density functions, Machado-Mata decomposition for quantile regressions, spatial AR model, repeat sales models, and conditionally parametric logit and probit.
* [micromap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/micromap/index.html) - Package provides linked micromaps using ggplot2.
* [ModelMap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ModelMap/index.html) - Creates sophisticated models of training data and validates the models with an independent test set, cross validation, or in the case of Random Forest Models, with Out Of Bag (OOB) predictions on the training data.
* [ModelR](https://github.com/Model-R/modelr_pkg) - A workflow for ecological niche models based on dismo.
* [moveVis](https://github.com/16EAGLE/moveVis) - An R package providing tools to visualize movement data (e.g. from GPS tracking) and temporal changes of environmental data (e.g. from remote sensing) by creating video animations.
* [ncdf4](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ncdf4/index.html) - Provides a high-level R interface to data files written using Unidata's netCDF library (version 4 or earlier).
* [ncdfgeom](https://github.com/USGS-R/ncdfgeom) - NetCDF-CF Geometry and Timeseries Tools for R.
* [ngspatial](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ngspatial/index.html) - Provides tools for analyzing spatial data, especially non- Gaussian areal data.
* [nlme](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nlme/index.html) - Fit and compare Gaussian linear and nonlinear mixed-effects models.
* [phenofit](https://github.com/kongdd/phenofit) - A state-of-the-art Vegetation Phenology extraction package.
* [phenopix](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/phenopix/index.html) - A collection of functions to process digital images, depict greenness index trajectories and extract relevant phenological stages.
* [plotGoogleMaps](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/plotGoogleMaps/index.html) - Interactive plot device for handling the geographic data for web browsers.
* [plotKML](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/plotKML/index.html) - Visualization of Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Objects in Google Earth.
* [polyclip](https://github.com/baddstats/polyclip) - R package polyclip: a port of the Clipper library for polygon geometry.
* [potential](https://github.com/riatelab/potential) - An R package to compute the potential model as defined by Stewart (1941).
* [PReMiuM](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/PReMiuM/index.html) - Dirichlet Process Bayesian Clustering, Profile Regression.
* [Prioritizr](https://github.com/prioritizr/prioritizr) - The prioritizr R package uses integer linear programming (ILP) techniques to provide a flexible interface for building and solving conservation planning problems.
* [ProbitSpatial](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ProbitSpatial/index.html) - Binomial Spatial Probit models for big data.
* [RandomFields](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RandomFields/index.html) - Methods for the inference on and the simulation of Gaussian fields are provided, as well as methods for the simulation of extreme value random fields.
* [rangeMapper](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rangeMapper/index.html) - Tools for easy generation of (life-history) traits maps based on species range (extent-of-occurrence) maps.
* [ranger](https://github.com/imbs-hl/ranger) - A Fast Implementation of Random Forests.
* [RArcInfo](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RArcInfo/index.html) - Functions to import data from Arc/Info V7.x binary coverages.
* [raster](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/raster/raster.pdf) - Reading, writing, manipulating, analyzing and modeling of gridded spatial data.
* [rasterDT](https://github.com/JoshOBrien/rasterDT) - rasterDT uses the fast indexing, aggregation, and assignment operations provided by data.table to power speedy alternatives to several raster package functions.
* [rasterVis](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rasterVis/index.html) - Visualization Methods for Raster Data.
* [rayshader](https://github.com/tylermorganwall/rayshader) - rayshader is an open source R package for producing 2D and 3D hillshaded maps of elevation matrices using a combination of raytracing, spherical texture mapping, and ambient occlusion.
* [Rcitrus](http://www.leg.ufpr.br/Rcitrus/) - Spatial analysis of plant disease incidence.
* [RColorBrewer](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RColorBrewer/index.html) - Provides color schemes for maps and other graphics.
* [recmap](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/recmap/index.html) - Package provides rectangular cartograms with rectangle sizes reflecting for example population
* [regress](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/regress/index.html) - Functions to fit Gaussian linear model by maximising the residual log likelihood where the covariance structure can be written as a linear combination of known matrices.
* [rgdal](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rgdal/index.html) - Bindings for the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library.
* [rgeos](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rgeos/index.html) - Interface to Geometry Engine - Open Source (GEOS) using the C API for topology operations on geometries.
* [Rgooglemaps](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RgoogleMaps/index.html) - Overlays on Google map tiles in R.
* [rgrass7](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rgrass7/index.html) - Interface Between GRASS 7 GIS and R.
* [rHarmonics](https://github.com/MBalthasar/rHarmonics/) - R package for harmonic modelling of time-series data.
* [ribge](https://github.com/tbrugz/ribge) - R package for (down)loading data from IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística).
* [rnaturalearth](https://github.com/ropensci/rnaturalearth) - An R package to hold and facilitate interaction with Natural Earth map data.
* [Rnetcdf](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RNetCDF/index.html) - Interface to NetCDF Datasets.
* [ROSM](https://github.com/paleolimbot/rosm) - Plot Open Street Map and Other Tiles in R.
* [RPyGeo](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RPyGeo/index.html) - ArcGIS Geoprocessing in R via Python.
* [RQGIS](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RQGIS/index.html) - Establishes an interface between R and QGIS.
* [RSAGA](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RSAGA/index.html) - SAGA Geoprocessing and Terrain Analysis in R.
* [rsMove](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rsMove/index.html) - Tools that support the combined use of animal movement and remote sensing data.
* [RStoolbox](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RStoolbox/index.html) - Toolbox for remote sensing image processing and analysis such as calculating spectral indices, principal component transformation, unsupervised and supervised classification or fractional cover analyses.
* [rtsVis](https://github.com/JohMast/rtsVis) - A lightweight R package to visualize large raster time series, building on a fast temporal interpolation core.
* [sgeostat](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sgeostat/index.html) - An Object-oriented Framework for Geostatistical Modeling in S+ containing functions for variogram estimation, variogram fitting and kriging as well as some plot functions.
* [shapefiles](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/shapefiles/index.html) - Read and Write ESRI Shapefiles.
* [siplab](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/siplab/index.html) - A platform for experimenting with spatially explicit individual-based vegetation models.
* [sits](https://github.com/gilbertocamara/sits) - satellite image time series package for R.
* [smacpod](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/smacpod/index.html) - Various statistical methods for analyzing case-control point data.
* [smerc](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/smerc/index.html) - Provides statistical methods for the analysis of data areal data, with a focus on cluster detection.
* [sp](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sp/index.html) - Classes and Methods for Spatial Data.
* [spacetime](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spacetime/index.html) - Classes and Methods for Spatio-Temporal Data.
* [spacom](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spacom/index.html) - Provides tools to construct and exploit spatially weighted context data.
* [spaMM](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spaMM/index.html) - Inference in mixed-effect models, including generalized linear mixed models with spatial correlations and models with non-Gaussian random effects.
* [spanel](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spanel/index.html) - Fit the spatial panel data models: the fixed effects, random effects and between models.
* [sparr](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sparr/index.html) - Provides functions to estimate kernel-smoothed spatial and spatio-temporal densities and relative risk functions, and perform subsequent inference.
* [spatcounts](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spatcounts/index.html) - Fit spatial CAR count regression models using MCMC.
* [spatgraphs](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spatgraphs/index.html) - Graphs (or networks) and graph component calculations for spatial locations
* [spatialCovariance](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spatialCovariance/index.html) - Supports the computation of spatial covariance matrices for data on rectangles.
* [SpatialEpi](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SpatialEpi/index.html) - Methods and data for cluster detection and disease mapping.
* [SpatialPosition](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SpatialPosition/index.html) - Computes spatial position models: Stewart potentials, Reilly catchment areas, Huff catchment areas.
* [spatialprobit](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spatialprobit/index.html) - Bayesian Estimation of Spatial Probit and Tobit Models.
* [spatialsegregation](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spatialsegregation/index.html) - Summaries for measuring segregation/mingling in multitype spatial point patterns with graph based neighbourhood description.
* [SpatialTools](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SpatialTools/index.html) - Tools for spatial data analysis. Emphasis on kriging. Provides functions for prediction and simulation.
* [spatstat](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spatstat/index.html) - Spatial Point Pattern Analysis, Model-Fitting, Simulation, Tests.
* [spBayesSurv](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spBayesSurv/index.html) - Bayesian Modeling and Analysis of Spatially Correlated Survival Data.
* [spcosa](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spcosa/index.html) - Spatial coverage sampling and random sampling from compact geographical strata created by k-means.
* [spdep](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spdep/index.html) - Spatial Dependence: Weighting Schemes, Statistics and Models.
* [sperrorest](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sperrorest/index.html) - Implements spatial error estimation and permutation-based variable importance measures for predictive models using spatial cross-validation and spatial block bootstrap.
* [spind](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spind/index.html) - Functions for spatial methods based on generalized estimating equations (GEE) and wavelet-revised methods (WRM), functions for scaling by wavelet multiresolution regression (WMRR), conducting multi-model inference, and stepwise model selection.
* [splancs](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/splancs/index.html) - Spatial and Space-Time Point Pattern Analysis.
* [splm](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/splm/index.html) - ML and GM estimation and diagnostic testing of econometric models for spatial panel data.
* [spmoran](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spmoran/index.html) - Functions for estimating fixed and random effects eigenvector spatial filtering models.
* [spselect](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spselect/index.html) - Fits spatial scale (SS) forward stepwise regression, SS incremental forward stagewise regression, SS least angle regression (LARS), and SS lasso models.
* [spsurvey](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spsurvey/index.html) - Provides a range of sampling functions.
* [spTimer](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/spTimer/index.html) - Fits, spatially predicts and temporally forecasts large amounts of space-time data.
* [SSN](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SSN/index.html) - Spatial statistical modeling and prediction for data on stream networks, including models based on in-stream distance.
* [starma](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/starma/index.html) - Statistical functions to identify, estimate and diagnose a Space-Time AutoRegressive Moving Average (STARMA) model.
* [stars](https://github.com/r-spatial/stars) - Spatiotemporal tidy arrays for R.
* [stlnpp](https://github.com/Moradii/stlnpp) - Spatio-temporal point patterns on linear networks.
* [taRifx](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/taRifx/index.html) - A collection of various utility and convenience functions.
* [teamlucc](https://github.com/azvoleff/teamlucc) - Is designed to facilitate analysis of land use and cover change (LUCC) around the monitoring sites of the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring (TEAM) Network.
* [terra](https://github.com/rspatial/terra) - terra is an R package that replaces raster. It has a very similar, but simpler, interface, and it is much faster.
* [tgp](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/tgp/index.html) - Bayesian nonstationary, semiparametric nonlinear regression and design by treed Gaussian processes (GPs) with jumps to the limiting linear model (LLM).
* [tidync](https://github.com/hypertidy/tidync) - Systematic approaches to NetCDF data extraction, manipulation and visualization.
* [tidytransit](https://github.com/r-transit/tidytransit) - 'sf'-compatible package to analyze transit schedules, routes, and stops.
* [tiff](https://github.com/s-u/tiff) - Read and write TIFF images in R.
* [tmap](https://github.com/mtennekes/tmap) - R-library for drawing thematic maps. The API is based on A Layered Grammar of Graphics and resembles the syntax of ggplot2.
* [tmaptools](https://github.com/mtennekes/tmaptools) - This package offers a set of handy tool functions for reading and processing spatial data.
* [trip](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/trip/index.html) - Extends sp classes to permit the accessing and manipulating of spatial data for animal tracking.
* [tripack](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/tripack/index.html) - A constrained two-dimensional Delaunay triangulation package providing both triangulation and generation of voronoi mosaics of irregular spaced data.
* [tripEstimation](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/tripEstimation/index.html) - Data handling and estimation functions for animal movement estimation from archival or satellite tags.
* [uavRst](https://github.com/gisma/uavRst) - UAV related Remote Sensing Toolbox.
* [vapour](https://github.com/hypertidy/vapour) - A lightweight GDAL API package for R.
* [vec2dtransf](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/vec2dtransf/index.html) - Package for applying affine and similarity transformations on vector spatial data (sp objects).
* [vegan](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/vegan/index.html) - Ordination methods, diversity analysis and other functions for community and vegetation ecologists.
* [Watersheds](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/Watersheds/index.html) - Methods for watersheds aggregation and spatial drainage network analysis.
* [whiteboxR](https://github.com/giswqs/whiteboxR) - R frontend of [WhiteboxTools](https://github.com/jblindsay/whitebox-tools).
* [wordcloud2](https://github.com/Lchiffon/wordcloud2) - R interface to wordcloud for data visualization.
* [Apple MapKit](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/mapkit) - Display map or satellite imagery directly from your app's interface, call out points of interest, and determine placemark information for map coordinates.
* [flutter_map](https://github.com/fleaflet/flutter_map) - A Dart implementation of Leaflet for Flutter apps.
* [Nutiteq Maps SDK](http://www.nutiteq.com/nutiteq-sdk/overview/) - C++ maps library for iOS, Android, Windows Phone and Xamarin with bindings for Java, ObjectiveC and C#.
* [Organic Maps](https://github.com/organicmaps/organicmaps) - Organic Maps is a better fork of MAPS.ME, an Android & iOS offline maps app for travelers, tourists, hikers, and cyclists based on top of crowd-sourced OpenStreetMap data and curated with love by MAPS.ME founders. No ads, no tracking, no data collection, no crapware.
* [WhirlyGlobe/Maply](http://mousebird.github.io/WhirlyGlobe/) - Objective C code that is able to read and render vector tiles(and style with mapnik xml) on iOS devices.
* [geobeam](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dataflow-geobeam) - geobeam adds GIS capabilities to your Apache Beam pipelines and enables you to ingest and analyze massive amounts of geospatial data in parallel using Dataflow.
* [GeoWave](https://github.com/locationtech/geowave) - GeoWave provides geospatial and temporal indexing on top of Accumulo and HBase.
* [Google Earth Engine](https://earthengine.google.com/) - Is a cloud computing platform for processing satellite imagery and other Earth observation data.
* [Blender GIS](https://github.com/domlysz/BlenderGIS) - Blender addons to make the bridge between Blender and geographic data.
* [bv](https://github.com/daleroberts/bv) - bv is a small tool to quickly view high-resolution multi-band imagery directly in your iTerm 2.
* [Cinder](https://libcinder.org/) - Cinder is a free and open source library for professional-quality creative coding in C++.
* [circlize](https://github.com/jokergoo/circlize) - Circular visualization in R. Circular layout is an efficient way for the visualization of huge amounts of information.
* [CityEngine-Twitter](https://github.com/urschrei/CityEngine-Twitter) - Visualise Twitter activity using a procedurally-generated 3D city model.
* [CometTS](https://github.com/CosmiQ/CometTS) - Comet Time Series Toolset for working with a time-series of remote sensing imagery and user defined polygons.
* [GeoJs](https://github.com/OpenGeoscience/geojs) - High-performance visualization and interactive data exploration of scientific and geospatial location aware datasets.
* [geoplot](https://github.com/ResidentMario/geoplot) - High-level Python geospatial plotting library. It's an extension to cartopy and matplotlib which makes mapping easy.
* [GeoViews](https://github.com/holoviz/geoviews) - GeoViews is a Python library that makes it easy to explore and visualize any data that includes geographic locations.
* [Go Cart](https://github.com/Flow-Based-Cartograms/go_cart) - Fast cartogram generator written in C.
* [Kongsberg Geospatial's TerraLens SDK](https://www.kongsberggeospatial.com/products/terralens) - SDK designed for easy project integration and quick implementation in virtually any development environment. TerraLens provides real-time 2D and 3D mapping with powerful data visualization tools.
* [Kosmtik](https://github.com/kosmtik/kosmtik) - Very lite but extendable mapping framework to create Mapnik ready maps with OpenStreetMap data (and more).
* [procedural-gl-js](https://github.com/felixpalmer/procedural-gl-js) - Procedural GL JS is a library for creating 3D map experiences on the web, written in JavaScript and WebGL. It is built on top THREE.js.
* [Processing.py](http://py.processing.org/) - Python mode for Processing.
* [Processing](https://processing.org/) - Processing is a flexible software sketchbook and a language for learning how to code within the context of the visual arts.
* [52North SOS](http://52north.org/communities/sensorweb/sos/) - A reference implementation of the [OGC Sensor Observation Service specification (version 2.0)]
* [CODA](http://stcorp.github.io/coda/doc/html/index.html) - The Common Data Access toolbox (CODA) provides a set of tools for ingesting, processing, and analyzing remote sensing data.
* [DsgTools](https://github.com/dsgoficial/DsgTools) - DSGTools is a QGIS plugin that allow users to create and manipulate Geospatial Data according to Brazilian Law (ET-EDGV 2.1.3 and ET-EDGV 3.0)
* [exactextract](https://github.com/isciences/exactextract) - Provides a fast and accurate algorithm for summarizing values in the portion of a raster dataset that is covered by a polygon, often referred to as zonal statistics.
* [Generic Mapping Tools](https://github.com/GenericMappingTools/gmt) - GMT is an open source collection of about 90 command-line tools for manipulating geographic and Cartesian data sets.
* [GrADS](http://cola.gmu.edu/grads/) - The Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS) is an interactive desktop tool that is used for easy access, manipulation, and visualization of earth science data.
* [Kongsberg Geospatial's TerraLens SDK](https://www.kongsberggeospatial.com/products/terralens) - SDK designed for easy project integration and quick implementation in virtually any development environment. TerraLens provides real-time 2D and 3D mapping with powerful data visualization tools.
* [landsat-espa-util](https://github.com/loicdtx/landsat-espa-util) - Library for querying and ordering Landsat Surface Reflectance data via ESPA.
* [MapShaper](http://mapshaper.org/) - Tools for editing Shapefile, GeoJSON, TopoJSON and CSV files.
* [Maptiks](https://maptiks.com/) - Maptiks its a tool that provides in-depth user insights by tracking how visitors click, pan and zoom on your maps.
* [Osm2pgsql](https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql) - osm2pgsql is a tool for loading OpenStreetMap data into a PostgreSQL.
* [Projection Wizard](http://projectionwizard.org/) - Helps you select an appropriate projection for your map, depending on the area that you are mapping.
* [sat-search](https://github.com/sat-utils/sat-search) - Sat-search is a Python 3 library and a command line tool for discovering and downloading publicly available satellite imagery using STAC compliant API.
* [TileMill](https://github.com/mapbox/tilemill) - TileMill is a modern map design studio powered by Node.js and Mapnik.
* [veins](https://github.com/sommer/veins) - Open source vehicular network simulation framework.
* [eodag](https://github.com/CS-SI/eodag) - Command line tool and a plugin-oriented Python framework for searching, aggregating results and downloading remote sensed images while offering a unified API for data access regardless of the data provider.
* [nextgisweb](https://github.com/nextgis/nextgisweb) - Server based application/server-side framework for geodata storage, management and visualization.
* [AIforEarthDataSets](https://github.com/microsoft/AIforEarthDataSets) - Notebooks and documentation for AI-for-Earth-managed datasets on Azure Open Datasets.
* [CBERS on AWS](https://github.com/fredliporace/cbers-on-aws) - Information, tools and data related to the China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS) PDS on AWS.
* [Cityscapes Dataset](https://www.cityscapes-dataset.com/) - large-scale dataset that contains a diverse set of stereo video sequences recorded in street scenes from 50 different cities, with high quality pixel-level annotations of 5000 frames in addition to a larger set of 20000 weakly annotated frames.
* [Copernicus Open Access Hub](https://scihub.copernicus.eu/dhus/#/home) - Sentinel data from scihub.
* [Geofabrik](http://download.geofabrik.de/) - This is another source of prepared OpenStreetMap data. This distribution is generally built nightly and comes in OSM XML, pbf, and shapefile (for very popular areas) formats.
* [GeoNames](http://www.geonames.org/) - The GeoNames geographical database covers all countries and contains over eight million place names (cities, postal codes, countries) that are available for download free of charge.
* [INPE Database](http://www.dgi.inpe.br/CDSR/) - Download free satellite data including MODIS, Landsat (1-7), ResourceSat (1-2) and CBERS (2, 2B and 4) data.
* [Mapzen](https://mapzen.com/metro-extracts) - It provides data in OSM/PBF and Esri shapefile formats for popular cities.
* [Natural Earth](http://www.naturalearthdata.com/) - This site offers public domain map data sets that contain both raster and vector data.
* [Scale Open Datasets](https://scale.com/open-datasets?utm_campaign=Spatial%20Awareness&utm_medium=email&utm_source=Revue%20newsletter) - Open Datasets for Autonomous Driving.
* [Sentinel 2 AWS](http://sentinel-pds.s3-website.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/) - Sentinel 2 data on Amazon S3.
* [TZ Timezone Shapefiles](http://efele.net/maps/tz/world/) - Polygon boundaries of world timezones.
* [USGS Earth Explorer](http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) - Provides online search,metadata export, and data download for earth science data from the archives of the USGS.
* [Cartographical Map Projections](http://www.progonos.com/furuti/MapProj/Normal/TOC/cartTOC.html) - A good introduction to projected coordinate systems
* [ESRI User Conference](https://www.esri.com/en-us/about/events/uc/overview) - Esri International User Conference is an event dedicated to geographic information system technology.
* [FOSSGIS](https://fossgis.de/) - Yearly conference of the German OpenStreetMap chapter and FOSS GIS community
* [Geo For Good Summit](https://earthoutreachonair.withgoogle.com/events/geoforgood21) - Annual conference, hosted by Google, geared toward nonprofits, scientists, government agencies and other change-makers who want to leverage mapping tools and technology for positive impact in the world.
* [GEOINFO](http://www.geoinfo.info/) - The GEOINFO series (Brazilian Symposium on Geoinformatics) is an annual conference for exploring ongoing research, development and innovative applications on geographic information science and related areas.
* [GeoPython](https://2021.geopython.net/) - The conference is focused on Python and Geo, its toolkits and applications.
* [International Syposium on Digital Earth](https://digitalearth2021.org/) - Event dedicated to bring together policy makers and scientists and will explore pathways towards the vision of a ‘Digital Earth
* [International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing](https://www.isprs2020-nice.com/) - The ISPRS Congress is the leading forum where classical and emergent topics related to photogrammetry, remote sensing, and spatial information sciences are discussed.
* [Spatial Data Conference](https://spatial-data-science-conference.com/) - Annual Conferece that intersects GIS, Advanced Analytics & Data Science that is growing rapidly & answering some of the most pressing questions in both the private & public sector.
* [State of the Map](https://stateofthemap.org/) - Annual event for all mappers and OpenStreetMap users.
* [Down To Earth: A podcast for Geoscientists by Geoscientist](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/down-to-earth-a-podcast-for-geoscientists-by-geoscientist/id1549020890) - 30-minute podcast about innovative geoscience and the incredible people behind it. Each week, we host a different guest to talk about science, careers, and passions.
* [Eyes on Earth](https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros/science/eyes-earth?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects) - Eyes on Earth is a podcast on remote sensing, Earth observation, land change and science, brought to you by the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center.
* [ESRI & The Science of Where](https://www.esri.com/about/newsroom/podcast/) - Talks about business and technology leaders who share analysis, insights, and stories on data science, the Internet of Things, Smart Communities and other forces driving digital transformation and leveraging the power of location intelligence.
* [GIS Directions](https://esriaustralia.com.au/gis-directions-podcast) - Chat with inspiring GIS users, discuss new industry trends, and dish out plenty of practical pointers.
* [Geoadorable](https://geodorable.com/) - A podcast that may include anything and everything about the geospatial world. From news articles about the GIS industry that take our fancy, interviews with GIS practitioners, random acts of geospatial madness and of course the legendary game Export to Shapefile.
* [Geographical Thinking](https://www.esri.ca/en-ca/news-events/news/podcasts) - Tune in for inspiring stories from thought leaders and GIS users across business, government and education in Canada.
* [Geointeresting](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/geointeresting/id990858116) - Official podcast of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Geointeresting features conversations with innovators, explorers and pathfinders.
* [The MapScaping](https://mapscaping.com/blogs/the-mapscaping-podcast) - Weekly podcast featuring interesting people doing amazing work in the geospatial world.
* [Minds Behind Maps](https://minds-behind-maps.simplecast.com/) - Informal conversations with those creating maps, understanding how and why they build them. Earth Observation, Data Science, Business and how smart people combine them all to impact our world.
* [More Than Just Maps](https://urisatexas.org/podcast) - Talks with GIS veterans and geniuses who know a thing or two about how to find your way from student to professional and beyond, while also chatting about some neat tools, tricks, and trends. Presented by the URISA Texas Chapter.
* [Project Geospatial](https://anchor.fm/projectgeohttp://scenefromabove.org/index.html) - Project Geospatial is a web series and blog dedicated to increasing awareness of Geospatial Technology, industry best practices, and GIS resources.
