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![Andrew Morgan](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Our documentation has a history of using a document's name as a way to link to it, such as "See [workers.md]() for details". This makes sense when you're traversing a directory of files, but less sense when the files are abstracted away - as they are on the documentation website. This PR changes the links to various documentation pages to something that fits better into the surrounding sentence, as you would when making any hyperlink on the web.
265 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
265 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
# Using a reverse proxy with Synapse
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It is recommended to put a reverse proxy such as
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[nginx](https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html),
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[Apache](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_proxy_http.html),
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[Caddy](https://caddyserver.com/docs/quick-starts/reverse-proxy),
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[HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/) or
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[relayd](https://man.openbsd.org/relayd.8) in front of Synapse. One advantage
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of doing so is that it means that you can expose the default https port
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(443) to Matrix clients without needing to run Synapse with root
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privileges.
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You should configure your reverse proxy to forward requests to `/_matrix` or
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`/_synapse/client` to Synapse, and have it set the `X-Forwarded-For` and
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`X-Forwarded-Proto` request headers.
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You should remember that Matrix clients and other Matrix servers do not
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necessarily need to connect to your server via the same server name or
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port. Indeed, clients will use port 443 by default, whereas servers default to
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port 8448. Where these are different, we refer to the 'client port' and the
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'federation port'. See [the Matrix
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specification](https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#resolving-server-names)
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for more details of the algorithm used for federation connections, and
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[Delegation](delegate.md) for instructions on setting up delegation.
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**NOTE**: Your reverse proxy must not `canonicalise` or `normalise`
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the requested URI in any way (for example, by decoding `%xx` escapes).
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Beware that Apache *will* canonicalise URIs unless you specify
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`nocanon`.
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Let's assume that we expect clients to connect to our server at
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`https://matrix.example.com`, and other servers to connect at
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`https://example.com:8448`. The following sections detail the configuration of
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the reverse proxy and the homeserver.
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## Reverse-proxy configuration examples
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**NOTE**: You only need one of these.
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### nginx
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```
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server {
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listen 443 ssl http2;
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listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
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# For the federation port
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listen 8448 ssl http2 default_server;
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listen [::]:8448 ssl http2 default_server;
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server_name matrix.example.com;
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location ~* ^(\/_matrix|\/_synapse\/client) {
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proxy_pass http://localhost:8008;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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# Nginx by default only allows file uploads up to 1M in size
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# Increase client_max_body_size to match max_upload_size defined in homeserver.yaml
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client_max_body_size 50M;
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}
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}
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```
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**NOTE**: Do not add a path after the port in `proxy_pass`, otherwise nginx will
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canonicalise/normalise the URI.
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### Caddy 1
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```
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matrix.example.com {
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proxy /_matrix http://localhost:8008 {
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transparent
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}
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proxy /_synapse/client http://localhost:8008 {
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transparent
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}
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}
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example.com:8448 {
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proxy / http://localhost:8008 {
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transparent
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}
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}
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```
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### Caddy 2
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```
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matrix.example.com {
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reverse_proxy /_matrix/* http://localhost:8008
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reverse_proxy /_synapse/client/* http://localhost:8008
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}
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example.com:8448 {
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reverse_proxy http://localhost:8008
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}
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```
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[Delegation](delegate.md) example:
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```
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(matrix-well-known-header) {
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# Headers
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header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
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header Access-Control-Allow-Methods "GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS"
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header Access-Control-Allow-Headers "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Authorization"
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header Content-Type "application/json"
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}
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example.com {
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handle /.well-known/matrix/server {
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import matrix-well-known-header
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respond `{"m.server":"matrix.example.com:443"}`
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}
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handle /.well-known/matrix/client {
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import matrix-well-known-header
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respond `{"m.homeserver":{"base_url":"https://matrix.example.com"},"m.identity_server":{"base_url":"https://identity.example.com"}}`
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}
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}
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matrix.example.com {
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reverse_proxy /_matrix/* http://localhost:8008
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reverse_proxy /_synapse/client/* http://localhost:8008
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}
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```
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### Apache
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```
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<VirtualHost *:443>
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SSLEngine on
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ServerName matrix.example.com
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RequestHeader set "X-Forwarded-Proto" expr=%{REQUEST_SCHEME}
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AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
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ProxyPreserveHost on
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ProxyPass /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix nocanon
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ProxyPassReverse /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix
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ProxyPass /_synapse/client http://127.0.0.1:8008/_synapse/client nocanon
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ProxyPassReverse /_synapse/client http://127.0.0.1:8008/_synapse/client
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</VirtualHost>
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<VirtualHost *:8448>
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SSLEngine on
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ServerName example.com
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RequestHeader set "X-Forwarded-Proto" expr=%{REQUEST_SCHEME}
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AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
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ProxyPass /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix nocanon
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ProxyPassReverse /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix
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</VirtualHost>
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```
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**NOTE**: ensure the `nocanon` options are included.
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**NOTE 2**: It appears that Synapse is currently incompatible with the ModSecurity module for Apache (`mod_security2`). If you need it enabled for other services on your web server, you can disable it for Synapse's two VirtualHosts by including the following lines before each of the two `</VirtualHost>` above:
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```
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<IfModule security2_module>
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SecRuleEngine off
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</IfModule>
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```
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**NOTE 3**: Missing `ProxyPreserveHost on` can lead to a redirect loop.
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### HAProxy
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```
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frontend https
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bind :::443 v4v6 ssl crt /etc/ssl/haproxy/ strict-sni alpn h2,http/1.1
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http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
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http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto http if !{ ssl_fc }
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http-request set-header X-Forwarded-For %[src]
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# Matrix client traffic
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acl matrix-host hdr(host) -i matrix.example.com
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acl matrix-path path_beg /_matrix
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acl matrix-path path_beg /_synapse/client
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use_backend matrix if matrix-host matrix-path
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frontend matrix-federation
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bind :::8448 v4v6 ssl crt /etc/ssl/haproxy/synapse.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
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http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
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http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto http if !{ ssl_fc }
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http-request set-header X-Forwarded-For %[src]
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default_backend matrix
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backend matrix
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server matrix 127.0.0.1:8008
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```
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### Relayd
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```
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table <webserver> { 127.0.0.1 }
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table <matrixserver> { 127.0.0.1 }
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http protocol "https" {
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tls { no tlsv1.0, ciphers "HIGH" }
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tls keypair "example.com"
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match header set "X-Forwarded-For" value "$REMOTE_ADDR"
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match header set "X-Forwarded-Proto" value "https"
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# set CORS header for .well-known/matrix/server, .well-known/matrix/client
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# httpd does not support setting headers, so do it here
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match request path "/.well-known/matrix/*" tag "matrix-cors"
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match response tagged "matrix-cors" header set "Access-Control-Allow-Origin" value "*"
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pass quick path "/_matrix/*" forward to <matrixserver>
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pass quick path "/_synapse/client/*" forward to <matrixserver>
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# pass on non-matrix traffic to webserver
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pass forward to <webserver>
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}
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relay "https_traffic" {
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listen on egress port 443 tls
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protocol "https"
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forward to <matrixserver> port 8008 check tcp
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forward to <webserver> port 8080 check tcp
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}
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http protocol "matrix" {
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tls { no tlsv1.0, ciphers "HIGH" }
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tls keypair "example.com"
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block
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pass quick path "/_matrix/*" forward to <matrixserver>
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pass quick path "/_synapse/client/*" forward to <matrixserver>
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}
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relay "matrix_federation" {
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listen on egress port 8448 tls
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protocol "matrix"
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forward to <matrixserver> port 8008 check tcp
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}
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```
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## Homeserver Configuration
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You will also want to set `bind_addresses: ['127.0.0.1']` and
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`x_forwarded: true` for port 8008 in `homeserver.yaml` to ensure that
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client IP addresses are recorded correctly.
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Having done so, you can then use `https://matrix.example.com` (instead
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of `https://matrix.example.com:8448`) as the "Custom server" when
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connecting to Synapse from a client.
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## Health check endpoint
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Synapse exposes a health check endpoint for use by reverse proxies.
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Each configured HTTP listener has a `/health` endpoint which always returns
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200 OK (and doesn't get logged).
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## Synapse administration endpoints
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Endpoints for administering your Synapse instance are placed under
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`/_synapse/admin`. These require authentication through an access token of an
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admin user. However as access to these endpoints grants the caller a lot of power,
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we do not recommend exposing them to the public internet without good reason.
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