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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<div class="article">
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<p>
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<xml>
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<div class="article">
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<p>
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</p>
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<p>[PeaceNet forward from AML (ACTIV-L) -- see bottom for more info]
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<p>[PeaceNet forward from AML (ACTIV-L) -- see bottom for more info]
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------------------------------------------------------------------</p>
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<p>/** mideast.forum: 216.5 **/
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<p>/** mideast.forum: 216.5 **/
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** Written 8:11 pm Jan 17, 1991 by nlgclc in cdp:mideast.forum **
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An excellent book which deals with the REX 84 detention plan is:</p>
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<p>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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"Guts and Glory: The Rise and Fall of Oliver <ent type='PERSON'>North</ent>,'' by Ben
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<p>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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"Guts and Glory: The Rise and Fall of Oliver <ent type='LOC'>North</ent>,'' by Ben
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Bradlee Jr. (Donald I. fine, $21.95. 573 pp.)
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------------------------------------------------------------------
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Reviewed by Dennis M. Culnan Copyright 1990, Gannett News Service All
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Rights Reserved Short excerpt posted here under applicable copyright
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laws</p>
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<p>[Oliver] <ent type='PERSON'>North</ent> managed to network himself into the highest levels of
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<p>[Oliver] <ent type='LOC'>North</ent> managed to network himself into the highest levels of
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the CIA and power centers around the world. There he lied and
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boastfully ignored the constitutional process, Bradlee writes.</p>
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<p>Yet more terrifying is the plan hatched by <ent type='PERSON'>North</ent> and other Reagan
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<p>Yet more terrifying is the plan hatched by <ent type='LOC'>North</ent> and other Reagan
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people in the Federal Emergency Manpower Agency (FEMA): A blueprint
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for the military takeover of the United States. The plan called for
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FEMA to become "emergency czar'' in the event of a national emergency
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@ -27,36 +28,36 @@ civilian agencies, and would have broad powers to appoint military
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commanders and run state and local governments. Finally, it would
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have the authority to order suspect aliens into concentration camps
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and seize their property.</p>
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<p>When then-Attorney General William French Smith got wind of the plan,
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he killed it. After Smith left the administration, <ent type='PERSON'>North</ent> and his FEMA
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<p>When then-Attorney General William French Smith got wind of the plan,
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he killed it. After Smith left the administration, <ent type='LOC'>North</ent> and his FEMA
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cronies came up with the Defense Resource Act, designed to suspendend
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the First Amendment by imposing censorship and banning strikes.</p>
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<p>Where was it all heading? The book's answer: "REX-84 Bravo, a
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<p>Where was it all heading? The book's answer: "REX-84 Bravo, a
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National Security Decision Directive 52 that would become operative
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with the president's declaration of a state of national emergency
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concurrent with a mythical U.S. military invasion of an unspecified
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Central American country, presumably Nicaragua.''</p>
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<p>Bradlee writes that the Rex exercise was designed to test FEMA's
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<p>Bradlee writes that the Rex exercise was designed to test FEMA's
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readiness to assume authority over the Department of Defense, the
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National Guard in all 50 states, and "a number of state defense
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forces to be established by state legislatures.'' The military would
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then be "deputized,'' thus making an end run around federal law
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forbidding military involvement in domestic law enforcement.</p>
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<p>Rex, which ran concurrently with the first annual U.S. show of force
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<p>Rex, which ran concurrently with the first annual U.S. show of force
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in Honduras in April 1984, was also designed to test FEMA's ability to
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round up 400000 undocumented Central American aliens in the United
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States and its ability to distribute hundreds of tons of small arms to
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"state defense forces.''</p>
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<p>Incredibly, REX 84 was similar to a plan secretly adopted by Reagan
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<p>Incredibly, REX 84 was similar to a plan secretly adopted by Reagan
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while governor of California. His two top henchmen then were Edwin
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Meese, who recently resigned as U.S. attorney general, and Louis
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Guiffrida, the FEMA director in 1984.</p>
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<p>If the review makes you nervous, you should read the book!</p>
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<p>--Chip Berlet ** End of text from cdp:mideast.forum **</p>
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<p>--------------------------------END:REF3-----------------------------------
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<p>If the review makes you nervous, you should read the book!</p>
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<p>--Chip Berlet ** End of text from cdp:mideast.forum **</p>
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<p>--------------------------------END:REF3-----------------------------------
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###########################################################################
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--------------------------------REF4:FEMA----------------------------------</p>
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<p>[PeaceNet forward from AML (ACTIV-L) -- see bottom for more info]
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<p>[PeaceNet forward from AML (ACTIV-L) -- see bottom for more info]
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------------------------------------------------------------------
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This is the front-page article of the Jan. 16 issue of "The
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Guardian," which describes some of the U.S. government's planning
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@ -64,83 +65,83 @@ for martial law in the event of the Gulf war. This is truly a
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scary scenario that should concern all civil libertarians and
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patriots.
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------------------------------------------------------------------</p>
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<p>WILL GULF WAR LEAD TO REPRESSION AT HOME?
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<p>WILL GULF WAR LEAD TO REPRESSION AT HOME?
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by Paul DeRienzo and Bill Weinberg</p>
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<p>On August 2, 1990, as Saddam Hussein's army was consolidating control
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<p>On August 2, 1990, as Saddam Hussein's army was consolidating control
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over Kuwait, President George Bush responded by signing two executive
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orders that were the first step toward martial law in the United
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States and suspending the Constitution.</p>
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<p>On the surface, Executive Orders 12722 and 12723, declaring a
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<p>On the surface, Executive Orders 12722 and 12723, declaring a
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"national emergency," merely invoked laws that allowed Bush to freeze
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Iraqi assets in the United States.</p>
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<p>The International Emergency Executive Powers Act permits the president
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<p>The International Emergency Executive Powers Act permits the president
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to freeze foreign assets after declaring a "national emergency," a
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move that has been made three times before -- against Panama in 1987,
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Nicaragua in 1985 and Iran in 1979.</p>
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<p>According to Professor Diana <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, of the Fletcher School of
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<p>According to Professor Diana <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, of the Fletcher School of
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Diplomacy at Boston's Tufts University, when Bush declared a national
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emergency he "activated one part of a contingency national security
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emergency plan." That plan is made up of a series of laws passed since
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the presidency of Richard Nixon, which <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> says give the
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president "boundless" powers.</p>
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<p>According to <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, such laws as the Defense Industrial
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<p>According to <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, such laws as the Defense Industrial
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Revitalization and Disaster Relief Acts of 1983 "would permit the
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president to do anything from seizing the means of production, to
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conscripting a labor force, to relocating groups of citizens."</p>
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> says the net effect of invoking these laws would be the
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> says the net effect of invoking these laws would be the
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suspension of the Constitution.</p>
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<p>She adds that national emergency powers "permit the stationing of the
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<p>She adds that national emergency powers "permit the stationing of the
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military in cities and towns, closing off the U.S. borders, freezing
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all imports and exports, allocating all resources on a national
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security priority, monitoring and censoring the press, and warrantless
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searches and seizures."</p>
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<p>The measures would allow military authorities to proclaim martial law
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<p>The measures would allow military authorities to proclaim martial law
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in the United States, asserts <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>. She defines martial law as the
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"federal authority taking over for local authority when they are
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unable to maintain law and order or to assure a republican form of
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government."</p>
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<p>A report called "Post Attack Recovery Strategies," about rebuilding
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<p>A report called "Post Attack Recovery Strategies," about rebuilding
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the country after a nuclear war, prepared by the right-wing Hudson
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Institute in 1980, defines martial law as dealing "with the control of
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civilians by their own military forces in time of emergency."</p>
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<p>The federal agency with the authority to organize and command the
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<p>The federal agency with the authority to organize and command the
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government's response to a national emergency is the Federal Emergency
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Management Agency (FEMA). This super-secret and elite agency was
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formed in 1979 under congressional measures that merged all federal
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powers dealing with civilian and military emergencies under one
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agency.</p>
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<p>FEMA has its roots in the World War I partnership between government
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<p>FEMA has its roots in the World War I partnership between government
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and corporate leaders who helped mobilize the nation's industries to
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support the war effort. The idea of a central national response to
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large-scale emergencies was reintroduced in the early 1970s by Louis
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Giuffrida, a close associate of then-California Gov. Ronald Reagan and
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his chief aide Edwin Meese.</p>
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<p>Reagan appointed Giuffrida head of the California National Guard in
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<p>Reagan appointed Giuffrida head of the California National Guard in
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1969. With Meese, Giuffrida organized "war-games" to prepare for
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"statewide martial law" in the event that Black nationalists and
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anti-war protesters "challenged the authority of the state." In 1981,
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Reagan as president moved Giuffrida up to the big leagues, appointing
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him director of FEMA.</p>
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<p>According to <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, however, it was the actions of George Bush in
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<p>According to <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, however, it was the actions of George Bush in
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1976, while he was the director of the Central Intelligence Agency
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(CIA), that provided the stimulus for centralization of vast powers in
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FEMA.</p>
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<p>Bush assembled a group of hawkish outsiders, called Team B, that
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<p>Bush assembled a group of hawkish outsiders, called Team B, that
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released a report claiming the CIA ("Team A") had underestimated the
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dangers of Soviet nuclear attack. The report advised the development
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of elaborate plans for "civil defense" and post-nuclear government.
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Three years later, in 1979, FEMA was given ultimate responsibility for
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developing these plans.</p>
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<p>Aware of the bad publicity FEMA was getting because of its role in
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<p>Aware of the bad publicity FEMA was getting because of its role in
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organizing for a post-nuclear world, Reagan's FEMA chief Giuffrida
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publicly argued that the 1865 Posse Comitatus Act prohibited the
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military from arresting civilians.</p>
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<p>However, <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> says that Congress eroded the act by giving the
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<p>However, <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> says that Congress eroded the act by giving the
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military reserves an exemption from Posse Comitatus and allowing them
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to arrest civilians. The National Guard, under the control of state
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governors in peace time, is also exempt from the act and can arrest
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civilians.</p>
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<p>FEMA Inspector General John Brinkerhoff has written a memo contending
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<p>FEMA Inspector General John Brinkerhoff has written a memo contending
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that the government doesn't need to suspend the Constitution to use
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the full range of powers Congress has given the agency. FEMA has
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prepared legislation to be introduced in Congress in the event of a
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@ -148,35 +149,35 @@ national emergency that would give the agency sweeping powers. The
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right to "deputize" National Guard and police forces is included in
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the package. But <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> believes that actual martial law need not be
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declared publicly.</p>
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<p>Giuffrida has written that "Martial Rule comes into existence upon a
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<p>Giuffrida has written that "Martial Rule comes into existence upon a
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determination (not a declaration) by the senior military commander
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that the civil government must be replaced because it is no longer
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functioning anyway." He adds that "Martial Rule is limited only by the
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principle of necessary force."</p>
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<p>According to <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, it is possible for the president to make
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<p>According to <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent>, it is possible for the president to make
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declarations concerning a national emergency secretly in the form of a
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Natioanl Security Decision Directive. Most such directives are
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classified as so secret that <ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> says "researchers don't even
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know how many are enacted."</p>
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<p>DOMESTIC SPYING</p>
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<p>Throughout the 1980s, FEMA was prohibited from engaging in
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<p>DOMESTIC SPYING</p>
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<p>Throughout the 1980s, FEMA was prohibited from engaging in
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intelligence gathering. But on July 6, 1989, Bush signed Executive
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Order 12681, pronouncing that FEMA's National Preparedness Directorate
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would "have as a primary function intelligence, counterintelligence,
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investigative, or national security work." Recent events indicate that
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domestic spying in response to the looming Middle East war is now
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under way.</p>
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> reports that "the CIA is going to various campuses asking for
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Reynolds</ent> reports that "the CIA is going to various campuses asking for
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information on Middle Eastern students. I'm sure that there are
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intelligence organizations monitoring peace demonstrations."
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According to the University of Connecticut student paper, the Daily
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Campus, CIA officials have recently met there to discuss talking with
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Middle Eastern students.</p>
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<p>The New York Times reports that the FBI has ordered its agents around
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<p>The <ent type='ORG'>New York Times</ent> reports that the FBI has ordered its agents around
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the country to question Arab-American leaders and business people in
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search of information on potential Iraqi "terrorist" attacks in
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response to a Gulf war.</p>
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<p>A 1986 Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) document entitled
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<p>A 1986 Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) document entitled
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"Alien Terrorists and Other Undesirables: A Contingency Plan" outlines
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the potential round-up and incarceration in mass detainment camps of
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U.S. residents who are citizens of "terrorist" countries, chiefly in
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@ -187,22 +188,22 @@ refugees in the event of a U.S. invasion of the region. One of the 10
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military bases established as detainment camps by REX-84 ALPHA, Camp
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Krome, Fla., was designated a joint FEMA-Immigration service
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interrogation center.</p>
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<p>Recently, FEMA has been criticized in the media for inadequate
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<p>Recently, FEMA has been criticized in the media for inadequate
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response to the October, 1989 San Francisco earthquake. What the
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mainstream press has failed to cover is the agency's planned role in
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repressing domestic dissent in the event of an invasion abroad.</p>
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<p>Source: The Guardian, Jan 16 1991</p>
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<p>The Guardian is an independent radical news weekly. Subscriptions are
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<p>Source: The Guardian, Jan 16 1991</p>
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<p>The Guardian is an independent radical news weekly. Subscriptions are
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available at $33.50 per year from The Guardian, 33 West 17th St., New
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York, NY 10011</p>
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<p>
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<p>
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----------------------------END:REF4------------------------------------
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########################################################################
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----------------------------REF5:NSDD 145-------------------------------</p>
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<p>DATE OF UPLOAD: November 17, 1989
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<p>DATE OF UPLOAD: November 17, 1989
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ORIGIN OF UPLOAD: Omni Magazine
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CONTRIBUTED BY: Donald Goldberg</p>
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<p>========================================================
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<p>========================================================
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PARANET INFORMATION SERVICE BBS
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========================================================
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Although this article does not deal directly with <ent type='EVENT'>UFOs</ent>,
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@ -210,13 +211,13 @@ ParaNet felt it important as an offering to our readers who
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depend so much upon communications as a way to stay informed.
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This article raises some interesting implications for the future
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of communications.</p>
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<p>
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<p>
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THE NATIONAL GUARDS
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(C) 1987 OMNI MAGAZINE MAY 1987
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(Reprinted with permission and license to ParaNet Information
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Service and its affiliates.)</p>
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<p>By Donald Goldberg</p>
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<p>The mountains bend as the fjord and the sea beyond stretch
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<p>By Donald Goldberg</p>
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<p>The mountains bend as the fjord and the sea beyond stretch
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out before the viewer's eyes. First over the water, then a sharp
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left turn, then a bank to the right between the peaks, and the
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secret naval base unfolds upon the screen.
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@ -272,7 +273,7 @@ Defense (DoD) officials have quietly implemented a number of
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policies, decisions, and orders that give the military
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unprecedented control over both the content and public use of
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data and communications. For example:</p>
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<p>**The Pentagon has created a new category of "sensitive" but
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<p>**The Pentagon has created a new category of "sensitive" but
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unclassified information that allows it to keep from public
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access huge quantities of data that were once widely accessible.
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**Defense Department officials have attempted to rewrite key laws
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@ -526,7 +527,7 @@ staff the National Coordinating Center. The meetings, which
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continued over the next three years, were held at the White
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House, the State Department, the Strategic Air Command (SAC)
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headquarters at Offutt Air Force Base in Nebraska, and at the
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<ent type='PERSON'>North</ent> American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in Colorado
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<ent type='LOC'>North Command</ent> (NORAD) in Colorado
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Springs.
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The industry officials attending constituted the National
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Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee -- called <ent type='ORG'>NSTAC</ent>
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@ -640,4 +641,5 @@ mechanisms are already in place; and few barriers remain to
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guarantee that what we hear, see, and read will come to us
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courtesy of our being members of a free and open society and not
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courtesy of the Pentagon.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</xml>
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|
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