mirror of
https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc.git
synced 2024-10-01 01:25:40 -04:00
165 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
165 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
lang: en
|
|
layout: doc
|
|
permalink: /doc/custom-install/
|
|
redirect_from:
|
|
- /doc/encryption-config/
|
|
ref: 152
|
|
advanced: true
|
|
title: Custom Installation
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
In the present context, "custom installation" refers to things like manual partitioning, setting up LVM and RAID, and manual LUKS encryption configuration.
|
|
|
|
## Installer Defaults
|
|
|
|
For reference, these are the typical defaults for a single disk with legacy boot:
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
Mount Point: /boot
|
|
Desired Capacity: 1024 MiB
|
|
Device Type: Standard Partition
|
|
File System: ext4
|
|
Name: (none)
|
|
|
|
Mount Point: /
|
|
Desired Capacity: (your choice)
|
|
Device Type: LVM Thin Provisioning
|
|
Volume Group: qubes_dom0
|
|
File System: ext4
|
|
Name: root
|
|
|
|
Mount Point: (none)
|
|
Desired Capacity: 10 GiB
|
|
Device Type: LVM
|
|
Volume Group: qubes_dom0
|
|
File System: swap
|
|
Name: swap
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
|
|
|
|
Order Action Type Device Mount point
|
|
|
|
1 Destroy Format Unknown Disk (sda)
|
|
2 Create Format partition table (MSDOS) Disk (sda)
|
|
3 Create Device partition sda1 on Disk
|
|
4 Create Format ext4 sda1 on Disk /boot
|
|
5 Create Device partition sda2 on Disk
|
|
6 Create Format LUKS sda2 on Disk
|
|
7 Create Device luks/dm-crypt luks-sda2
|
|
8 Create Format physical volume (LVM) luks-sda2
|
|
9 Create Device lvmvg qubes_dom0
|
|
10 Create Device lvmthinpool qubes_dom0-pool00
|
|
11 Create Device lvmthinlv qubes_dom0-root
|
|
12 Create Device lvmlv qubes_dom0-swap
|
|
13 Create Format swap qubes_dom0-swap
|
|
14 Create Format ext4 qubes_dom0-root /
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
## Typical Partition Schemes
|
|
|
|
If you want your partition/LVM scheme to look like the Qubes default but with a few tweaks, follow this example.
|
|
With a single disk, the result should look something like this:
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
NAME SIZE TYPE MOUNTPOINT
|
|
sda disk
|
|
├──sda1 1G part /boot
|
|
└──sda2 part
|
|
└──luks-<UUID> crypt
|
|
├──qubes_dom0-pool00_tmeta lvm
|
|
├──qubes_dom0-pool00_tdata lvm
|
|
└──qubes_dom0-swap lvm [SWAP]
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
## Encryption Defaults
|
|
|
|
By default, `cryptsetup 1.7.5` will create a LUKS/dm-crypt volume as follows:
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
Version: 1
|
|
Cipher name: aes
|
|
Cipher mode: xts-plain64
|
|
Hash spec: sha256
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
$ cryptsetup --help
|
|
[...]
|
|
Default compiled-in device cipher parameters:
|
|
loop-AES: aes, Key 256 bits
|
|
plain: aes-cbc-essiv:sha256, Key: 256 bits, Password hashing: ripdemd160
|
|
LUKS1: aes-xts-plain64, Key: 256 bits, LUKS header hashing: sha256, RNG: /dev/urandom
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
This means that, by default, Qubes inherits these upstream defaults:
|
|
|
|
- AES-128 [[1]](https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/wikis/FrequentlyAskedQuestions)[[2]](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/dm-crypt/Device_encryption)[[3]](https://github.com/dyne/Tomb/issues/238)
|
|
- SHA-256
|
|
- `/dev/urandom`
|
|
- probably an `iter-time` of one second
|
|
|
|
If, instead, you'd like to use AES-256, SHA-512, `/dev/random`, and a longer `iter-time`, for example, you can configure encryption manually by following the instructions below.
|
|
|
|
## Example: Custom LUKS Configuration
|
|
|
|
Boot into the Qubes installer, then press `ctrl`+`alt`+`F2` to get a virtual console.
|
|
|
|
1. (Optional) Wipe the disk:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M status=progress && sync
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
2. Create partitions:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
# fdisk /dev/sda
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Follow the steps to create two partitions:
|
|
|
|
- ~500MiB-1GiB for `/boot`
|
|
- The rest for `/` (might want to leave some for overprovisioning if it's an SSD)
|
|
|
|
4. Create LUKS encrypted volume:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
# cryptsetup -v --hash sha512 --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --use-random --iter-time 10000 --verify-passphrase luksFormat /dev/sda2
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
5. Open encrypted volume:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
# cryptsetup open /dev/sda2 luks
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
6. Create LVM volumes:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
# pvcreate /dev/mapper/luks
|
|
# vgcreate qubes_dom0 /dev/mapper/luks
|
|
# lvcreate -n swap -L 10G qubes_dom0
|
|
# lvcreate -T -l +100%FREE qubes_dom0/pool00
|
|
# lvcreate -V1G -T qubes_dom0/pool00 -n root
|
|
# lvextend -L <size_of_pool00> /dev/qubes_dom0/root
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
8. Proceed with the installer. You can do that either by pressing `ctrl`+`alt`+`F6`, or by rebooting and restarting the installation.
|
|
At the disk selection screen, select:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
[x] I will configure partitioning.
|
|
[ ] Encrypt my data.
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
9. Decrypt your partition. After decrypting you may assign mount points:
|
|
Open the Unknown list and select `qubes_dom0-root`. Check the reformat box to the right and choose `ext4` as a filesystem. Enter `/` into the Mount Point field at the top.
|
|
Repeat the process for `sda1` and `qubes_dom0-swap`. Those should be assigned to `/boot` and `swap` respectively.
|
|
The default file systems are ext4 for `/boot` and `/`, and swap for `swap`.
|
|
When you are finished, the Unknown list should go away, and all three mount points should be assigned. Proceed normally with the installation from there.
|
|
|