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71 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
71 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: doc
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title: Managing AppVm Shortcuts
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permalink: /doc/managing-appvm-shortcuts/
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redirect_from:
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- /en/doc/managing-appvm-shortcuts/
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- /doc/ManagingAppVmShortcuts/
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- /wiki/ManagingAppVmShortcuts/
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---
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Managing shortcuts to applications in AppVMs
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============================================
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For ease of use Qubes aggregates shortcuts to applications that are installed in AppVMs and shows them in one "start menu" in dom0.
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Clicking on such shortcut runs the assigned application in its AppVM.
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To make newly installed applications show up in the menu, use the **qvm-sync-appmenus** command (Linux VMs do this automatically):
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`qvm-sync-appmenus vmname`
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After that, select the *Add more shortcuts* entry in the VM's submenu to customize which applications are shown:
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The above image shows that Windows HVMs are also supported (provided that Qubes Tools are installed).
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What about applications in DispVMs?
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-----------------------------------
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[See here](/doc/dispvm-customization/#adding-arbitrary-programs-to-disposable-vm-application-menu).
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Behind the scenes
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-----------------
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`qvm-sync-appmenus` works by invoking *GetAppMenus* [Qubes service](/doc/qrexec/) in the target domain.
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This service enumerates installed applications and sends formatted info back to the dom0 script (`/usr/libexec/qubes-appmenus/qubes-receive-appmenus`) which creates .desktop files in the AppVM/TemplateVM directory.
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For Linux VMs the service script is in `/etc/qubes-rpc/qubes.GetAppMenus`.
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In Windows it's a PowerShell script located in `c:\Program Files\Invisible Things Lab\Qubes OS Windows Tools\qubes-rpc-services\get-appmenus.ps1` by default.
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* R4.0
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The list of installed applications for each AppVM is stored in dom0's `~/.local/share/qubes-appmenus/vmname/apps.templates`.
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Each menu entry is a file that follows the [.desktop file format](https://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/desktop-entry-spec-latest.html) with some wildcards (*%VMNAME%*, *%VMDIR%*).
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Applications selected to appear in the menu are stored in `~/.local/share/qubes-appmenus/vmname/apps`.
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Actual command lines for the menu shortcuts involve `qvm-run` command which starts a process in another domain.
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Examples: `qvm-run -q -a --service -- %VMNAME% qubes.StartApp+7-Zip-7-Zip_File_Manager` or `qvm-run -q -a --service -- %VMNAME% qubes.StartApp+firefox`
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Note that you can create a shortcut that points to a .desktop file in your AppVM with e.g. `qvm-run -q -a --service -- personal qubes.StartApp+firefox`
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* R3.2
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The list of installed applications for each AppVM is stored in dom0's `/var/lib/qubes/vm-templates/templatename/apps.templates` (or in case of StandaloneVM: `/var/lib/qubes/appvms/vmname/apps.templates`).
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Each menu entry is a file that follows the [.desktop file format](https://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/desktop-entry-spec-latest.html) with some wildcards (*%VMNAME%*, *%VMDIR%*).
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Applications selected to appear in the menu are stored in `/var/lib/qubes/appvms/vmname/apps`.
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Actual command lines for the menu shortcuts involve `qvm-run` command which starts a process in another domain.
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Examples: `qvm-run -q --tray -a w7s 'cmd.exe /c "C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Accessories\\Calculator.lnk"'` or `qvm-run -q --tray -a untrusted 'firefox %u'`
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Note that you can create a shortcut that points to a .desktop file in your AppVM with e.g. `qvm-run -q --tray -a personal -- 'qubes-desktop-run /home/user/application.desktop'`.
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What if my application has not been automatically included in the list of available apps?
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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You can manually create new entries in the "available applications" list of shortcuts.
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See [Signal](/doc/signal/) for a working example of creating a new menu item for a Chrome .desktop shortcut.
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