qubes-doc/user/advanced-configuration/gui-configuration.md

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GUI Configuration and Troubleshooting

Video RAM adjustment for high-resolution displays

Problem: You have a 4K external display, and when you connect it, you can't click on anything but a small area in the upper-right corner.

When a qube starts, a fixed amount of RAM is allocated to the graphics buffer called video RAM. This buffer needs to be at least as big as the whole desktop, accounting for all displays that are or will be connected to the machine. By default, it is as much as needed for the current display and an additional full HD (FHD) display (1920×1080 8 bit/channel RGBA). This logic fails when the machine has primary display in FHD resolution and, after starting some qubes, a 4K display is connected. The buffer is too small, and internal desktop resize fails.

Solution: Increase the minimum size of the video RAM buffer.

qvm-features dom0 gui-videoram-min $(($WIDTH * $HEIGHT * 4 / 1024))
qvm-features dom0 gui-videoram-overhead 0

Where $WIDTH×$HEIGHT is the maximum desktop size that you anticipate needing. For example, if you expect to use a 1080p display and a 4k display side-by-side, that is (1920 + 3840) × 2160 × 4 / 1024 = 48600, or slightly more than 48 MiB per qube. After making these adjustments, the qubes need to be restarted.

The amount of memory allocated per qube is the maximum of:

• gui-videoram-min
• current display + gui-videoram-overhead

Default overhead is about 8 MiB, which is enough for a 1080p display (see above). So, the gui-videoram-overhead zeroing is not strictly necessary; it only avoids allocating memory that will not be used.

You might face issues when playing video, if the video is choppy instead of smooth display this could be because the X server doesn't work. You can use the Linux terminal (Ctrl-Alt-F2) after starting the virtual machine, login. You can look at the Xorg logs file. As an option you can have the below config as well present in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-intel.conf, depends on HD graphics though -

Section "Device"
        Identifier "Intel Graphics"
        Driver "intel"
        Option "TearFree" "true"
EndSection

GUI Troubleshooting

If you can start your VM, but can't launch any applications, then you need to fix the issues from the VM console, accessible from xen through:

qvm-start <VMname> # Make sure the VM is started
qvm-console-dispvm <VMname>

Tips

Disable audited messages

To disable audited messages, you need to edit your VM kernel parameters:

previous_kernel_parameters=$(qvm-prefs --get <VMname> kernelopts) # Get current kernel parameters
qvm-prefs --set <VMname> kernelopts "<previous_kernel_parameters> audit=0"

Then, restart your VM.

Once your troubleshooting is done, don't forget to remove this kernel parameters, it makes troubleshooting VMs not starting easier.