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129 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
129 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: doc
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title: Emergency Backup Recovery (v2)
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permalink: /doc/backup-emergency-restore-v2/
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redirect_from:
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- /en/doc/backup-emergency-restore-v2/
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- /doc/BackupEmergencyRestoreV2/
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---
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Emergency Backup Recovery without Qubes (v2)
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============================================
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This page describes how to perform emergency restore of backup created on Qubes
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R2 Beta3 or earlier (which uses backup format 2).
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The Qubes backup system has been designed with emergency disaster recovery in
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mind. No special Qubes-specific tools are required to access data backed up by
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Qubes. In the event a Qubes system is unavailable, you can access your data on
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any GNU/Linux system with the following procedure.
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**Note:** In the following example, the backup file is assumed to be both
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encrypted and compressed.
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1. Untar the main backup file.
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~~~
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[user@restore ~]$ tar -i -xvf qubes-backup-2013-12-26-123456
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backup-header
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backup-header.hmac
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qubes.xml.000
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qubes.xml.000.hmac
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vm1/private.img.000
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vm1/private.img.000.hmac
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vm1/icon.png.000
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vm1/icon.png.000.hmac
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vm1/firewall.xml.000
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vm1/firewall.xml.000.hmac
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vm1/whitelisted-appmenus.list.000
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vm1/whitelisted-appmenus.list.000.hmac
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dom0-home/dom0user.000
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dom0-home/dom0user.000.hmac
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~~~
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2. Verify the integrity of the `private.img` file which houses your data.
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~~~
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[user@restore ~]$ cd vm1/
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[user@restore vm1]$ openssl dgst -sha512 -hmac "your_passphrase" private.img.000
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HMAC-SHA512(private.img.000)= cf83e1357eefb8bdf1542850d66d8007d620e4050b5715dc83f4a921d36ce9ce47d0d13c5d85f2b0ff8318d2877eec2f63b931bd47417a81a538327af927da3e
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[user@restore vm1]$ cat private.img.000.hmac
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(stdin)= cf83e1357eefb8bdf1542850d66d8007d620e4050b5715dc83f4a921d36ce9ce47d0d13c5d85f2b0ff8318d2877eec2f63b931bd47417a81a538327af927da3e
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~~~
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**Note:** The hash values should match. If they do not match, then the backup
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file may have been tampered with, or there may have been a storage error.
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**Note:** If your backup was hashed with a message digest algorithm other
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than `sha512`, you must substitute the correct message digest command. A
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complete list of supported message digest algorithms can be found with
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`openssl list-message-digest-algorithms`.
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3. Decrypt the `private.img` file.
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~~~
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[user@restore vm1]$ openssl enc -d -pass pass:your_passphrase -aes-256-cbc -in private.img.000 -out private.img.dec.000
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~~~
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**Note:** For multi-part files, a loop can be used:
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~~~
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for f in private.img.*; do
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openssl enc -d -pass pass:your_passphrase -aes-256-cbc -in $f -out
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${f/.img/.img.dec}
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done
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~~~
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**Note:** If your backup was encrypted with a cipher algorithm other than
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`aes-256-cbc`, you must substitute the correct cipher command. A complete
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list of supported cipher algorithms can be found with `openssl
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list-cipher-algorithms`.
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4. Decompress the decrypted `private.img` file.
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~~~
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[user@restore vm1]$ zforce private.img.dec.*
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[user@restore vm1]$ gunzip private.img.dec.000.gz
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~~~
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**Note:** If your backup was compressed with a program other than `gzip`, you
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must substitute the correct compression program.
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5. Untar the decrypted and decompressed `private.img` file.
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~~~
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[user@restore vm1]$ tar -M -xvf private.img.dec.000
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vm1/private.img
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~~~
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**Note:** For multi-part files, a script is required:
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1. Create a `new-volume-script`:
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~~~
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#!/bin/sh
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name=`expr $TAR_ARCHIVE : '\(.*\)\..*'`
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suffix=`printf %03d $[ $TAR_VOLUME - 1 ]`
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echo $name.$suffix >&$TAR_FD
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~~~
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2. `chmod +x new-volume-script`.
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3. `tar --new-volume-script=./new-volume-script -xvf private.img.dec.000`.
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(The `--new-volume-script` option enables multi-volume untaring.)
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6. Mount the private.img file and access your data.
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~~~
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[user@restore vm1]$ sudo mkdir /mnt/img
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[user@restore vm1]$ sudo mount -o loop vm1/private.img /mnt/img/
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[user@restore vm1]$ cat /mnt/img/home/user/your_data.txt
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This data has been successfully recovered!
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~~~
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**Note:** You may wish to store a plain text copy of these instructions with
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your Qubes backups in the event that you fail to recall the above procedure
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while this web page is inaccessible. You may obtain a plaintext version of
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this file in Git repository housing all the documentation at:
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https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc.git
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