mirror of
https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc.git
synced 2024-12-29 09:16:22 -05:00
141 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
141 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
layout: doc
|
|
title: Emergency Backup Recovery (v3)
|
|
permalink: /doc/backup-emergency-restore-v3/
|
|
redirect_from:
|
|
- /en/doc/backup-emergency-restore-v3/
|
|
- /doc/BackupEmergencyRestoreV3/
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
Emergency Backup Recovery without Qubes (v3)
|
|
============================================
|
|
|
|
This page describes how to perform an emergency restore of a backup created on
|
|
Qubes R2 or later (which uses backup format version 3).
|
|
|
|
The Qubes backup system has been designed with emergency disaster recovery in
|
|
mind. No special Qubes-specific tools are required to access data backed up by
|
|
Qubes. In the event a Qubes system is unavailable, you can access your data on
|
|
any GNU/Linux system with the following procedure.
|
|
|
|
**Note:** In the following example, the backup file is both *encrypted* and
|
|
*compressed*.
|
|
|
|
1. Untar the main backup file.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore ~]$ tar -i -xvf qubes-backup-2015-06-05T123456
|
|
backup-header
|
|
backup-header.hmac
|
|
qubes.xml.000
|
|
qubes.xml.000.hmac
|
|
vm1/private.img.000
|
|
vm1/private.img.000.hmac
|
|
vm1/icon.png.000
|
|
vm1/icon.png.000.hmac
|
|
vm1/firewall.xml.000
|
|
vm1/firewall.xml.000.hmac
|
|
vm1/whitelisted-appmenus.list.000
|
|
vm1/whitelisted-appmenus.list.000.hmac
|
|
dom0-home/dom0user.000
|
|
dom0-home/dom0user.000.hmac
|
|
|
|
2. Verify the integrity of the `backup-header` file, which contains basic
|
|
information about your backup.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore ~]$ openssl dgst -sha512 -hmac "your_passphrase" backup-header
|
|
HMAC-SHA512(backup-header)= 5b266783e116fe3b2601a54c249ca5f5f96d421dfe6828eeaeb2dcd014e9e945c27b3d7b0f952f5d55c927318906d9c360f387b0e1f069bb8195e96543e2969c
|
|
[user@restore ~]$ cat backup-header.hmac
|
|
(stdin)= 5b266783e116fe3b2601a54c249ca5f5f96d421dfe6828eeaeb2dcd014e9e945c27b3d7b0f952f5d55c927318906d9c360f387b0e1f069bb8195e96543e2969c
|
|
|
|
**Note:** The hash values should match. If they do not match, then the
|
|
backup file may have been tampered with, or there may have been a storage
|
|
error.
|
|
|
|
**Note:** If your backup was hashed with a message digest algorithm other
|
|
than `sha512`, you must substitute the correct message digest command. This
|
|
information is contained in the `backup-header` file (see step 3), however
|
|
it is not recommended to open this file until its integrity and
|
|
authenticity has been verified (the current step). A complete list of
|
|
supported message digest algorithms can be found with `openssl
|
|
list-message-digest-algorithms`.
|
|
|
|
3. Read the `backup-header`. You'll need some of this information later. The
|
|
file will look similar to this:
|
|
|
|
[user@restore ~]$ cat backup-header
|
|
version=3
|
|
hmac-algorithm=SHA512
|
|
crypto-algorithm=aes-256-cbc
|
|
encrypted=True
|
|
compressed=True
|
|
compression-filter=gzip
|
|
|
|
**Note:** If you see `version=2` here, go to [Emergency Backup Recovery -
|
|
format version 2](/doc/backup-emergency-restore-v2/) instead.
|
|
|
|
4. Verify the integrity of the `private.img` file which houses your data.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore ~]$ cd vm1/
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ openssl dgst -sha512 -hmac "your_passphrase" private.img.000
|
|
HMAC-SHA512(private.img.000)= cf83e1357eefb8bdf1542850d66d8007d620e4050b5715dc83f4a921d36ce9ce47d0d13c5d85f2b0ff8318d2877eec2f63b931bd47417a81a538327af927da3e
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ cat private.img.000.hmac
|
|
(stdin)= cf83e1357eefb8bdf1542850d66d8007d620e4050b5715dc83f4a921d36ce9ce47d0d13c5d85f2b0ff8318d2877eec2f63b931bd47417a81a538327af927da3e
|
|
|
|
**Note:** The hash values should match. If they do not match, then the
|
|
backup file may have been tampered with, or there may have been a storage
|
|
error.
|
|
|
|
**Note:** If your backup was hashed with a message digest algorithm other
|
|
than `sha512`, you must substitute the correct message digest command. This
|
|
information is contained in the `backup-header` file (see step 3). A
|
|
complete list of supported message digest algorithms can be found with
|
|
`openssl list-message-digest-algorithms`.
|
|
|
|
5. Decrypt the `private.img` file.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ cat private.img.??? | openssl enc -d -pass pass:your_passphrase -aes-256-cbc -out private.img.dec
|
|
|
|
**Note:** If your backup was encrypted with a cipher algorithm other than
|
|
`aes-256-cbc`, you must substitute the correct cipher command. This
|
|
information is contained in the `backup-header` file (see step 3). A
|
|
complete list of supported cipher algorithms can be found with `openssl
|
|
list-cipher-algorithms`.
|
|
|
|
6. Decompress the decrypted `private.img` file.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ zforce private.img.dec
|
|
private.img.dec -- replaced with private.img.dec.gz
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ gunzip private.img.dec.gz
|
|
|
|
**Note:** If your backup was compressed with a program other than `gzip`,
|
|
you must substitute the correct compression program. This information is
|
|
contained in the `backup-header` file (see step 3). For example, if you
|
|
used `bzip2`, then you should do this:
|
|
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ mv private.img.dec private.img.dec.bz2
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ bunzip2 private.img.dec.bz2
|
|
|
|
7. Untar the decrypted and decompressed `private.img` file.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ tar -xvf private.img.dec
|
|
vm1/private.img
|
|
|
|
8. Mount the private.img file and access your data.
|
|
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ sudo mkdir /mnt/img
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ sudo mount -o loop vm1/private.img /mnt/img/
|
|
[user@restore vm1]$ cat /mnt/img/home/user/your_data.txt
|
|
This data has been successfully recovered!
|
|
|
|
9. Success! If you wish to recover data from more than one VM in your backup,
|
|
simply repeat steps 4--8 for each additional VM.
|
|
|
|
**Note:** You may wish to store a copy of these instructions with your
|
|
Qubes backups in the event that you fail to recall the above procedure
|
|
while this web page is inaccessible. All Qubes documentation, including
|
|
this page, is available in plain text format in the following Git
|
|
repository:
|
|
|
|
https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc.git
|
|
|