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113 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
113 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: doc
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title: System Requirements
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permalink: /doc/system-requirements/
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redirect_from:
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- /en/doc/system-requirements/
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- /doc/SystemRequirements/
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- /wiki/SystemRequirements/
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---
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# System Requirements #
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## Qubes Release 3.x ##
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### Minimum ###
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* 64-bit Intel or AMD processor (x86\_64 aka x64 aka AMD64)
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* 4 GB RAM
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* 32 GB disk space
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* Legacy boot mode (required for R3.0 and earlier; UEFI is supported beginning
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with R3.1)
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### Recommended ###
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* Fast SSD (strongly recommended)
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* Intel IGP (strongly preferred)
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* Nvidia GPUs may require significant [troubleshooting][nvidia].
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* ATI GPUs have not been formally tested (but see the [Hardware Compatibility
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List]).
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* [Intel VT-x] or [AMD-V] (required for running HVM domains, such as
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Windows-based AppVMs)
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* [Intel VT-d] or [AMD-Vi (aka AMD IOMMU)] (required for effective isolation of
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network VMs)
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* TPM with proper BIOS support (required for [Anti Evil Maid])
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## Qubes Release 4.x ##
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### Minimum ###
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* 64-bit Intel or AMD processor (x86\_64 aka x64 aka AMD64)
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* [Intel VT-x] with [EPT] or [AMD-V] with [RVI]
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* [Intel VT-d] or [AMD-Vi (aka AMD IOMMU)]
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* 4 GB RAM
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* 32 GB disk space
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### Recommended ###
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* Fast SSD (strongly recommended)
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* Intel IGP (strongly preferred)
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* Nvidia GPUs may require significant [troubleshooting][nvidia].
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* ATI GPUs have not been formally tested (but see the [Hardware Compatibility
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List]).
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* TPM with proper BIOS support (required for [Anti Evil Maid])
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* A non-USB keyboard or multiple USB controllers
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* Also consider the [hardware certification requirements for Qubes 4.x].
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## Choosing Hardware ##
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* Please see the [Hardware Compatibility List] for a compilation of
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hardware reports generated and submitted by users across various Qubes
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versions. (For more information about the HCL itself, see [here][hcl-doc]).
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* For more certain hardware compatibility, you may wish to consider a
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[Qubes-certified laptop]. (For information about how a computer becomes
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Qubes-certified, see [Hardware Certification].)
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## Important Notes ##
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* Qubes **can** be installed on systems which do not meet the recommended
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requirements. Such systems will still offer significant security
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improvements over traditional operating systems, since things like GUI
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isolation and kernel protection do not require special hardware.
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* Qubes **can** be installed on a USB flash drive or external disk, and testing
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has shown that this works very well. A fast USB 3.0 flash drive is
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recommended for this. (As a reminder, its capacity must be at least 32 GB.)
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Simply plug the flash drive into the computer before booting into the Qubes
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installer from a separate installation medium, choose the flash drive as the
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target installation disk, and proceed with the installation normally. After
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Qubes has been installed on the flash drive, it can then be plugged into
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other computers in order to boot into Qubes. In addition to the convenience
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of having a portable copy of Qubes, this allows users to test for hardware
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compatibility on multiple machines (e.g., at a brick-and-mortar computer
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store) before deciding on which computer to purchase. (See [hcl-report] for
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advice on hardware compatibility testing.) Keep in mind to also change
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assigned devices for your netvm and usbvm, if you move between different
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machines.
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* There is also a [live USB] option available, which may be even easier for
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testing.
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* Installing Qubes in a virtual machine is not recommended, as it uses its own
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bare-metal hypervisor (Xen).
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* Macintosh PCs are not currently supported due to keyboard and mouse problems.
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(See [#230] for details. Patches welcome!)
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* [Advice on finding a VT-d capable notebook][vt-d-notebook].
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[nvidia]: /doc/install-nvidia-driver/
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[hardware certification requirements for Qubes 4.x]: /news/2016/07/21/new-hw-certification-for-q4/
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[Hardware Certification]: /hardware-certification/
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[Hardware Compatibility List]: /hcl/
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[hcl-doc]: /doc/hcl/
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[hcl-report]: /doc/hcl/#generating-and-submitting-new-reports
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[Anti Evil Maid]: /doc/anti-evil-maid/
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[Qubes-certified laptop]: /doc/certified-laptops/
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[live USB]: /doc/live-usb/
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[#230]: https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/230
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[vt-d-notebook]: https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/Sz0Nuhi4N0o/ZtpJdoc0OY8J
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[Intel VT-x]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_virtualization#Intel_virtualization_.28VT-x.29
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[AMD-V]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_virtualization#AMD_virtualization_.28AMD-V.29
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[Intel VT-d]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_virtualization#Intel-VT-d
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[AMD-Vi (aka AMD IOMMU)]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_virtualization#I.2FO_MMU_virtualization_.28AMD-Vi_and_Intel_VT-d.29
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[EPT]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Level_Address_Translation#Extended_Page_Tables
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[RVI]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Level_Address_Translation#Rapid_Virtualization_Indexing
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