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Awesome Decentralized Identity

DID, Blockchain and Self-Sovereign Identity Resources v0.4

Gratitude to those who are working to make our identity experience, and the world, a better place.

Collaboration Welcome

Imagine a world where you are in direct control of your personal information; a world where you can limit and control how much information you share while retaining the ability to transact in the world. This is self-sovereign identity, and it is already here. Blockchain is the underlying technology paving the path to self-sovereign identity through decentralized networks. It ensures privacy and trust, where transactions are secure, authenticated and verifiable and endorsed by relevant, permissioned participants. Jerry Cuomo -IBM

Contents

*Link abbreviations: (f)orum, (t)witter, (g)ithub, (wp)whitepaper, (wiki) is hard to abbreviate, 'official' (b)log, (c)hat, (d)ocumentation.

Numbered links are supporting information for a given subject not easily categorized*

History

First we'll go over some history, to give the decentralized identity story some context.

Internet Identity Workshop

In 2005, Kaliya Young[t], Phil Windley[t], Drummond Reed[t], and Doc Searls[1][t] hosted the first Internet Identity Workshop(IIW)[t] in Berkeley to discuss "architectural and governance proposals for Internet-wide identity services and their underlying philosophies." -Announcing IIW 2005

Since then, the IIW has met bi-anually, actively supporting the development of the identity software-ecosystem, including OpenID('05), OpenID 2.0('06), OAuth('10), FIDO('13) and OpenID Connect('14). The heart of the internet identity community has been with empowering users and self-sovereign principles, since the early days.

8/14 The Credentials Community Group[7] forms, hosted by World Wide Web Consortium(W3C)[t][g] : "to forge a path for a secure, decentralized system of credentials that would empower both individual people and organizations on the Web to store, transmit, and receive digitally verifiable proof of qualifications and achievements." —proposed by Manu Sporney[t][8]

Rebooting the Web Of Trust

In relation to SSI, 'Web of Trust' is a network of relationships that attest to our identity claims. Each party attesting to your identity information becomes a strand in your web of trust.

The first Rebooting Web of Trust (RWoT[g]) workshop was held during November 2015; attracting the likes of Vitalik Buterin, Peter Todd, Gregory Maxwell, Joel Dietz, Christopher Allen, and Jon Callas, according to Andreas Antonopolis.

The goal of the initial workshop, was to create 5[wp] technical white papers: [5 WoT-usecases][Decentralized PKI][Smart Signatures(Bitcoin inspired)][Creating a New World of Trust][Rebranding the Web of Trust]:

The Web of Trust is a buzzword for a new model of decentralized self-sovereign identity. It’s a phrase that dates back almost twenty-five years, the classic definition derives from PGP [...] the vibrant blockchain community is also drawing new attention to the concept we aim to reboot it.

Bitnation and the United Nations

9\15 Bitnation "seeks to establish the concept of 'world citizenship' via a bitcoin based identity, offering 'blockchain emergency IDs' to refugees.[9] The same month, the UN unveiled it's Agenda for Sustainable Development

Goal 16.9 By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration

  • DIGITAL IDENTITY AS A BASIC HUMAN RIGHT
  • AID:Tech[t] — "is a voucher and digital identity solution for refugees. A digital record of a person's identity is stored on a smart card, along with various additional information. Blockchain technology is used to distribute all resources in a highly traceable manner."

ID2020 and the GDPR

4/16 the EU adopted the GDPR, enacted as law May 2018. The second RWoT workshop ran in conjunction with the UN's ID2020 Summit in New York that May. There are an estimated 1.5 billion without a legal identity.[10] Without a legal identity it is very difficult to recieve any services, aide, or to advance ones station in life.

During the RWoT\ID2020 Workshop[11] the DID identifier began to emerge:

  • Clearer Identity Through Correlation
  • Physician Patient Relationship -Blockchains and DIDs for physician-patient interactions.
  • Protecting Digital ID in Developing Countries
  • Smarter Signatures
  • Requirements for DIDs

    "Respect Network is conducting a research project for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, HSHQDC-16-C-00061, to analyze the applicability of blockchain technologies to a decentralized identifier system. Our thesis is that blockchains, or more generically distributed ledgers, are a potentially powerful new tool for “identity roots” — the starting points for an Internet identity. However “blockchain identity” may not fully address the core security and privacy principles needed in a complete identity system. In this case DIDs — Decentralized Identifiers rooted on a distributed ledger — may end up being a foundational building block for higher level identity management solutions.

  • At this point in time DLT innovation, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and the EU GDPR all came together supporting a core identirati tenant: Eliminating id data silos and empowering users regarding personal digital identity.

Resources

World Wide Web Consortium

DID the Decentralized Identifier

EU General Data Protection Regulation Act

Self Sovereign Identity

0/ “Self-Sovereign Identity: A Progress Report”…

— Christopher Allen (@ChristopherA) April 25, 2018

Evernym

The Sovrin Foundation

Windley

Tykn Tech

Hyperledger Indy

IDEMix

— Zero Knowledge Proof's in Evernym—Indy

Our zero-knowledge proofs are part of the Idemix protocol, where they are used to prove the possession of Camenisch-Lysyanskaya credentials. We also use zero-knowledge proofs in the revocation protocol, which is based on cryptographic accumulators. —What Zero Knowledge Poof Algorithm is used in Sovrin?

Identity Mixer is not directly (re)implemented by Sovrin, but its cryptographic foundations are very similar, and Sovrin’s implementation includes most of its extended features (predicates, multi-credential, revocation, advanced issuance…). One of the researchers who helped to create Identity Mixer is on Sovrin’s Technical Governance Board and has offered insight to keep the implementations aligned on goals and methods. —How is IDEMix Implemented?

IBM

Ethereum

Ethereum Identity Applications

  • uPort | github | twitter
  • Nuggets | whitepaper
    • "is a blockchain platform giving users a single biometric tool for login, payment and identity verification. It stores an individual's information in a "personal cloud" in "zero-knowledge blockchain storage".
  • Jolocom
    • a "SmartWallet" for everyone to own their personal digital identity, using Social Linked Data, WebID, and verifiable claims standards, as well as Ethereum smart contracts.
  • Democracy Earth Foundation | github| sovereign.software
    • developing "Sovereign", a blockchain direct democracy tool using "vote" tokens to grant democratic participation rights to every human. A proof-of-individuality (POI) process based on peer-to-peer validation establishes that a self-sovereign identity is uniquely tied to a single person. The project introduces a number of interesting socio-technical concepts such as "Social Smart Contract", "Initial Rights Offering", and "Cryptographically Induced Equality". Cooperation is happening with other decentralized identity initiatives such as Blockstack and uPort.
  • Ockam — creating a ERC20 based platform that registers IOT devices to a blockchain to solve systemic security and interoperability problems.

State Led Initiatives

Canada

Netherlands

Spain

  • Alastria | github
    • a non-profit consortium building a national blockchain ecosystem for Spain. The security and veracity of information will be ensured through the identification of natural and legal persons, while at the same time allowing citizens to have control over their personal information in a transparent way following the guidelines set by the European Union.

Switzerland

Estonia

Assorted Decentralized \ Blockchain ID Initiatives

  • Danube Tech — digital identity and personal data, including personal agents, semantic graphs, and blockchain -xdinavigator
  • Cambridge Blockchain — Blockchain for validating secure digital identity documents, processing electronic signatures, and recording transactions."
  • Identity at Coinbase: Welcoming the Distributed Systems team
  • Proof of Authority
  • Blockstack | github | forum| blog | twitter
    • a network of computers that collectively maintain a global registry of domain names, public keys, and cryptographic hashes. With this registry, Blockstack serves as a decentralized domain name system (DNS) and a decentralized public key infrastructure (PKI).
    • Onename — "a product built on Blockstack that allows people to register identities"
  • Shocard — "Blockchain-Based Mobile Identity Platform"
  • Mydata[t][d] declaration
    • goal: to empower individuals with their personal data, thus helping them and their communities develop knowledge, make informed decisions, and interact more consciously and efficiently with each other as well as with organisations."
    • Consent[12] — "platform for trusted personal data applications and services, using Ethereum smart contracts to implement decentralized identifiers, verified credentials, consent receipts, a web of trust, and exchange of assets and value."
  • Authenteq — enables users to create their own sovereign digital IDs which are stored encrypted in a blockchain.
  • JLinc — registers cryptographic public keys on the Stellar blockchain.
  • CheapID
  • Deloitte SmartID
  • Internet of People — "an open, decentralized infrastructure consisting of device-to-device communication, blockchain tokens, profile servers, and other components."
  • Blockchain Helix[ico][wp]
    • "Identity as a Service", "Data as a Service" and "Blockchain as a Service" The company offers to increase the speed of KYC/AML processes while hughly decreasing the cost
  • The Humanized Internet — "to defend the rights of vulnerable people, and give every human being worldwide secure, sovereign control over their own digital identity."
  • Civic launches: identity.com[g][b]
  • Mooti | docs
    • offers an "identity chain" technology that makes it possible to issue and revoke verified claims using elliptic curve cryptography (curve25519, secp256k1) and includes privay-enhancing features
  • Banqu —"focuses on establishing 'economic identity' for those who are excluded from the global economy."
  • Vida Identity — "enables distributed key revocation and reissuance. Access to data is always permissioned across applications and services."
  • ÆTERNITY | github
    • Is focusing on improved smart contract capabilities such as better scalability and easier integration of off-chain data. It offers an identity architecture where every account has a unique ID number, and unique names can be registered and linked to arbitrary data such as addresses on the blockchain. Schema.org's data structures are used for representing data about persons and organizations."
    • Schema — a collaborative, community activity with a mission to create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet. Schema.org vocabulary can be used with many different encodings, including RDFa, Microdata and JSON-LD. These vocabularies cover entities, relationships between entities and actions, and can easily be extended through a well-documented extension model. Over 10 million sites use Schema.org to markup their web pages and email messages. Many applications from Google, Microsoft, Pinterest, Yandex and others already use these vocabularies to power rich, extensible experiences."
  • Spidchain | whitepaper
    • "offers a platform for self-sovereign identity, including desktop and mobile apps for end-users. It uses Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) - backed by optionally Bitcoin or Ethereum - to implement a marketplace for verifiable claims. The Spidchain applications allow individuals to create, recover, and revoke DIDs, to authenticate, to sign and verify files and claims, and more."
  • Reddcoin — Redd-ID | forum | PoSV whitepaper
    • a naming service that allows usernames to be registered on the Reddcoin blockchain.
  • Pro-civis — "e-government as a service" platform called "eID+". It enables citizens to get an official, electronic Citizen-ID on a mobile app, which can be used for secure and convenient login to websites, and the electronic signing and safe storage of documents. Verification providers such as state authorities can use a web backend or an API to attest to the correctness of a citizen's personal data.
    • The platform includes the Vetri wallet and marketplace. 'Earn extra income and rewards by joining the data economy.'"
  • Cicada
    • a Dapp platform built for a "direct democracy" use case. It envisions using iris scans to generate decentralized universal identifiers ("HUIDs") for every human on the planet, a method referred to as "biocryptics". "HUIDs" can have "sub-IDs" to support selective disclosure. PII can be stored in an "info wallet". Key parts of the system also include smart contracts, zero-knowledge proofs, mixnets, and more."
  • BitID — an authentication protocol based on Bitcoin identities, supported by some of the Bitcoin wallets. It authenticates Bitcoin addresses by signing a cryptographic challenge
  • Blockcerts — open standard for issuing and verifying blockchain-based official records; The project offers open-source libraries, tools, and mobile apps. MIT has issued digital certificates based on this standard.
  • Keyp —"Welcome to Europe’s fastest growing open digital identity ecosystem."
  • I/O Digital Foundation | whitepaper
    • "offers a Proof-of-Stake blockchain called Decentralised Input Output Name Server (DIONS). It will enable applications such as identity and alias registration, storage of legal documents, key exchange, and encrypted messaging."
  • iRespond
  • World Identity Netowork —Blockchain for Impact
  • Mooti - Mooti is reimagining the security and utility of personally identifiable information and authentication based on our self-sovereign identity solutions, asymmetrical encryption, and blockchain technology.

Data Wallet \ Marketplaces

  • Pillar Project | grey—paper
    • planning to offer a "Personal Data Locker" consisting of a wallet, browser, and token exchange. Personal assets will be put on a blockchain, and "Pillar" tokens will be issued."
  • Aversafe —"allows individuals to store personal details, work history, certificates and achievements. It leverages a permissioned blockchain for trusted audit and participation in the storage of attestation data separate from the actual data stored"
  • Datum | whitepaper
    • "network allows anyone to store structured data on a smart contract blockchain. Data can optionally be bought and sold on a marketplace using the DAT token. Datum leverages BigchainDB and IPFS as data storage backends. All data is encrypted and protected using AES256-GCM.
  • ONTology | github— "a "Distributed Trust Network" which combines a cross-chain identity system, peer-to-peer data transmission, data authorization mechanisms, distributed data storage, attestation, and various industry-specific modules. It also includes an Ontology Crypto Package (OCP) and an Ontology Marketplace (OM)."
  • We can do better than selling our data-Doc Searls(IIW)

Decentralized Identity Foundation

2018 Identity Landsacpe brought to you by: One World Identity — independent advisory and digital strategy consultancy focused on trust and the data economy.

Reports

Research-Papers

RWoT

RWoT Use Cases

—infogrphic workflow examples

People

Resources

Brought to you by: The Crypto Library—Super Source

A few of us are building a library of crypto knowledge on a discord server. Now those resources are migrating to github, to become a database and power web-portal\chat bot. I began working on this document after entering all of the DID resources I could find into blockchain-id.toml.

Self-Sovereign Identity is one of my favorite subjects in crypto, which is how this became the Crypto-library's first side-project.

BTC— 1GvkjHtiy9LUjVkStnEAXxjhcoS56aCokY

http://crypt0library.net

—infominer@protonmail.com