cyber-security-resources/cheat_sheets/NMAP_cheat_sheet.md

NMAP Cheat Sheet

Base nmap Syntax:

nmap [ScanType] [Options] {targets}

If no port range is specified, Nmap scans the 1,000 most popular ports.

-F Scan 100 most popular ports
-p <port1>-<port2> Port range
-p <port1>,<port2>,... Port List
-pU:53,U:110,T20-445 Mix TCP and UDP
-r Scan linearly (do not randomize ports)
--top-ports <n> Scan n most popular ports
-p-65535 Leaving off initial port in range makes Nmap scan start at port 1
-p0- Leaving off end port in range makes Nmap scan through p

Nmap Scripting Engine

The full list of Nmap Scripting Engine scripts: http://nmap.org/nsedoc/

Some particularly useful scripts include:

• dns-zone-transfer: Attempts to pull a zone file (AXFR) from a DNS server.

$ nmap --script dns-zonetransfer.nse --script-args dns-zonetransfer.domain=<domain> -p53 <hosts>

• http-robots.txt: Harvests robots.txt files from discovered web servers.

$ nmap --script http-robots.txt <hosts>

• smb-brute: Attempts to determine valid username and password combinations via automated guessing.

$ nmap --script smb-brute.nse -p445 <hosts>

• smb-psexec: Attempts to run a series of programs on the target machine, using credentials provided as scriptargs.

$ nmap --script smb-psexec.nse –script-args=smbuser=<username>,smbpass=<password>[,config=<config>] -p445 <hosts>

Nmap Scripting Engine Categories

The most common Nmap scripting engine categories:

• auth: Utilize credentials or bypass authentication on target hosts.
• broadcast: Discover hosts not included on command line by broadcasting on local network.
• brute: Attempt to guess passwords on target systems, for a variety of protocols, including http, SNMP, IAX, MySQL, VNC, etc.
• default: Scripts run automatically when -sC or -A are used.
• discovery: Try to learn more information about target hosts through public sources of information, SNMP, directory services, and more.
• dos: May cause denial of service conditions in target hosts.
• exploit: Attempt to exploit target systems.
• external: Interact with third-party systems not included in target list.
• fuzzer: Send unexpected input in network protocol fields.
• intrusive: May crash target, consume excessive resources, or otherwise impact target machines in a malicious fashion.
• malware: Look for signs of malware infection on the target hosts.
• safe: Designed not to impact target in a negative fashion.
• version: Measure the version of software or protocols on the target hosts.
• vul: Measure whether target systems have a known vulnerability.