* [Frhed](http://frhed.sourceforge.net/) - Binary file editor for Windows.
* [0xED](http://www.suavetech.com/0xed/0xed.html) - Native macOS hex editor that supports plug-ins to display custom data types.
## File Format Analysis Tools
* [Kaitai Struct](http://kaitai.io/) - File formats and network protocols dissection language and web IDE, generating parsers in C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby.
* [Veles](https://codisec.com/veles/) - Binary data visualization and analysis tool.
* [Hachoir](http://hachoir3.readthedocs.io/) - Python library to view and edit a binary stream as tree of fields and tools for metadata extraction.
The following are some of the most popular reverse engineering tools. HOWEVER! GO TO THE [REVERSE ENGINEERING SECTION](https://github.com/The-Art-of-Hacking/art-of-hacking/blob/master/reverse_engineering/README.md) for more references.
* [Interactive Disassembler (IDA Pro)](https://www.hex-rays.com/products/ida/) - Proprietary multi-processor disassembler and debugger for Windows, GNU/Linux, or macOS; also has a free version, [IDA Free](https://www.hex-rays.com/products/ida/support/download_freeware.shtml).
* [WDK/WinDbg](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/hh852365.aspx) - Windows Driver Kit and WinDbg.
* [OllyDbg](http://www.ollydbg.de/) - x86 debugger for Windows binaries that emphasizes binary code analysis.
* [Radare2](http://rada.re/r/index.html) - Open source, crossplatform reverse engineering framework.
* [x64dbg](http://x64dbg.com/) - Open source x64/x32 debugger for windows.
* [Immunity Debugger](http://debugger.immunityinc.com/) - Powerful way to write exploits and analyze malware.
* [Evan's Debugger](http://www.codef00.com/projects#debugger) - OllyDbg-like debugger for GNU/Linux.
* [Medusa](https://github.com/wisk/medusa) - Open source, cross-platform interactive disassembler.
* [plasma](https://github.com/joelpx/plasma) - Interactive disassembler for x86/ARM/MIPS. Generates indented pseudo-code with colored syntax code.
* [peda](https://github.com/longld/peda) - Python Exploit Development Assistance for GDB.
* [dnSpy](https://github.com/0xd4d/dnSpy) - Tool to reverse engineer .NET assemblies.
* [binwalk](https://github.com/devttys0/binwalk) - Fast, easy to use tool for analyzing, reverse engineering, and extracting firmware images.
* [PyREBox](https://github.com/Cisco-Talos/pyrebox) - Python scriptable Reverse Engineering sandbox by Cisco-Talos.
* [Voltron](https://github.com/snare/voltron) - Extensible debugger UI toolkit written in Python.
* [rVMI](https://github.com/fireeye/rVMI) - Debugger on steroids; inspect userspace processes, kernel drivers, and preboot environments in a single tool.
* [Frida](https://www.frida.re/) - Dynamic instrumentation toolkit for developers, reverse-engineers, and security researchers.
* [Macroless DOC malware that avoids detection with Yara rule](https://furoner.wordpress.com/2017/10/17/macroless-malware-that-avoids-detection-with-yara-rule/amp/)
* [Empire without powershell](https://bneg.io/2017/07/26/empire-without-powershell-exe/)
* [Powershell without Powershell to bypass app whitelist](https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/powershell-without-powershell-how-to-bypass-application-whitelisting-environment-restrictions-av/)
* [Phishing between the app whitelists](https://medium.com/@vivami/phishing-between-the-app-whitelists-1b7dcdab4279)
* [Bypassing Application Whitelisting using MSBuild.exe - Device Guard Example and Mitigations](http://subt0x10.blogspot.sg/2017/04/bypassing-application-whitelisting.html)
* [Windows oneliners to download remote payload and execute arbitrary code](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/)
* [Week of Evading Microsoft ATA - Announcement and Day 1 to Day 5](http://www.labofapenetrationtester.com/2017/08/week-of-evading-microsoft-ata-day1.html)
* [AMSI How Windows 10 Plans to Stop Script-Based Attacks and How Well It Does It](http://www.labofapenetrationtester.com/2016/09/amsi.html)
* [USING A SCF FILE TO GATHER HASHES](https://1337red.wordpress.com/using-a-scf-file-to-gather-hashes/)
* [USING THE DDE ATTACK WITH POWERSHELL EMPIRE](https://1337red.wordpress.com/using-the-dde-attack-with-powershell-empire/)
* [Keying Payloads for Scripting Languages](https://adapt-and-attack.com/2017/11/15/keying-payloads-for-scripting-languages/)
* [Executing Metasploit & Empire Payloads from MS Office Document Properties (part 1 of 2)](https://stealingthe.network/executing-metasploit-empire-payloads-from-ms-office-document-properties-part-1-of-2/)
* [Executing Metasploit & Empire Payloads from MS Office Document Properties (part 2 of 2)](https://stealingthe.network/executing-metasploit-empire-payloads-from-ms-office-document-properties-part-2-of-2/)
* [Microsoft Office – NTLM Hashes via Frameset](https://pentestlab.blog/2017/12/18/microsoft-office-ntlm-hashes-via-frameset/)
* [Abusing Microsoft Word Features for Phishing: “subDoc”](https://rhinosecuritylabs.com/research/abusing-microsoft-word-features-phishing-subdoc/)
* [code signing certificate cloning attacks and defenses](https://posts.specterops.io/code-signing-certificate-cloning-attacks-and-defenses-6f98657fc6ec)
* [userland api monitoring and code injection detection](https://0x00sec.org/t/userland-api-monitoring-and-code-injection-detection/5565)
+ [Jump-Oriented Programming: A New Class of Code-Reuse Attack](http://ftp.ncsu.edu/pub/tech/2010/TR-2010-8.pdf)
+ [Out of control: Overcoming control-flow integrity](http://www.cs.stevens.edu/~gportoka/files/outofcontrol_oakland14.pdf)
+ [ROP is Still Dangerous: Breaking Modern Defenses](http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~daw/papers/rop-usenix14.pdf)
+ [Loop-Oriented Programming(LOP): A New Code Reuse Attack to Bypass Modern Defenses](https://www.sec.in.tum.de/assets/staff/muntean/Loop-Oriented_Programming_A_New_Code_Reuse_Attack_to_Bypass_Modern0ADefenses.pdf) - by Bingchen Lan, Yan Li, Hao Sun, Chao Su, Yao Liu, Qingkai Zeng [2015]
+ [Systematic Analysis of Defenses Against Return-Oriented Programming](https://people.csail.mit.edu/nickolai/papers/skowyra-rop.pdf) -by R. Skowyra, K. Casteel, H. Okhravi, N. Zeldovich, and W. Streilein [2013]
+ [Return-oriented programming without returns](https://www.cs.uic.edu/~s/papers/noret_ccs2010/noret_ccs2010.pdf) -by S.Checkoway, L. Davi, A. Dmitrienko, A. Sadeghi, H. Shacham, and M. Winandy [2010]
+ [Jump-oriented programming: a new class of code-reuse attack](https://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~liangzk/papers/asiaccs11.pdf) -by T. K. Bletsch, X. Jiang, V. W. Freeh, and Z. Liang [2011]
+ [Stitching the gadgets: on the ineffectiveness of coarse-grained control-flow integrity protection](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity14/sec14-paper-davi.pdf) - by L. Davi, A. Sadeghi, and D. Lehmann [2014]
+ [Size does matter: Why using gadget-chain length to prevent code-reuse attacks is hard](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity14/sec14-paper-goktas.pdf) - by E. Göktas, E.Athanasopoulos, M. Polychronakis, H. Bos, and G.Portokalidis [2014]
+ [Buffer overflow attacks bypassing DEP (NX/XD bits) – part 1](http://www.mastropaolo.com/2005/06/04/buffer-overflow-attacks-bypassing-dep-nxxd-bits-part-1/) - by Marco Mastropaolo [2005]
+ [Buffer overflow attacks bypassing DEP (NX/XD bits) – part 2](http://www.mastropaolo.com/2005/06/05/buffer-overflow-attacks-bypassing-dep-nxxd-bits-part-2-code-injection/) - by Marco Mastropaolo [2005]
+ [Practical Rop](http://trailofbits.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/practical-rop.pdf) - by Dino Dai Zovi [2010]
+ [Exploitation with WriteProcessMemory](https://packetstormsecurity.com/papers/general/Windows-DEP-WPM.txt) - by Spencer Pratt [2010]
+ [Exploitation techniques and mitigations on Windows](http://hick.org/~mmiller/presentations/misc/exploitation_techniques_and_mitigations_on_windows.pdf) - by skape
+ [A little return oriented exploitation on Windows x86 – Part 1](http://blog.harmonysecurity.com/2010/04/little-return-oriented-exploitation-on.html) - by Harmony Security and Stephen Fewer [2010]
+ [A little return oriented exploitation on Windows x86 – Part 2](http://blog.harmonysecurity.com/2010/04/little-return-oriented-exploitation-on_16.html) - by Harmony Security and Stephen Fewer [2010]
+ [Third Generation Exploitation smashing heap on 2k](http://www.blackhat.com/presentations/win-usa-02/halvarflake-winsec02.ppt) - by Halvar Flake [2002]
+ [Creating Arbitrary Shellcode In Unicode Expanded Strings](http://www.net-security.org/dl/articles/unicodebo.pdf) - by Chris Anley
+ [Advanced windows exploitation](http://www.immunityinc.com/downloads/immunity_win32_exploitation.final2.ppt) - by Dave Aitel [2003]
+ [Defeating the Stack Based Buffer Overflow Prevention Mechanism of Microsoft Windows 2003 Server](http://www.ngssoftware.com/papers/defeating-w2k3-stack-protection.pdf) - by David Litchfield
+ [Reliable heap exploits and after that Windows Heap Exploitation (Win2KSP0 through WinXPSP2)](http://cybertech.net/~sh0ksh0k/projects/winheap/XPSP2%20Heap%20Exploitation.ppt) - by Matt Conover in cansecwest 2004
+ [Safely Searching Process Virtual Address Space](http://www.hick.org/code/skape/papers/egghunt-shellcode.pdf) - by Matt Miller [2004]
+ [IE exploit and used a technology called Heap Spray](http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/612)
+ [Bypassing hardware-enforced DEP](http://www.uninformed.org/?v=2&a=4&t=pdf) - by Skape (Matt Miller) and Skywing (Ken Johnson) [October 2005]
+ [Exploiting Freelist[0] On XP Service Pack 2](http://www.orkspace.net/secdocs/Windows/Protection/Bypass/Exploiting%20Freelist%5B0%5D%20On%20XP%20Service%20Pack%202.pdf) - by Brett Moore [2005]
+ [Kernel-mode Payloads on Windows in uninformed](http://www.uninformed.org/?v=3&a=4&t=pdf)
+ [Exploiting 802.11 Wireless Driver Vulnerabilities on Windows](http://www.uninformed.org/?v=6&a=2&t=pdf)
+ [Heap Feng Shui in JavaScript](http://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-europe-07/Sotirov/Presentation/bh-eu-07-sotirov-apr19.pdf) by Alexander sotirov [2007]
+ [Bypassing browser memory protections in Windows Vista](http://taossa.com/archive/bh08sotirovdowd.pdf) - by Mark Dowd and Alex Sotirov [2008]
+ [Return oriented programming Exploitation without Code Injection](http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~hovav/dist/blackhat08.pdf) - by Hovav Shacham (and others ) [2008]
+ [Token Kidnapping and a super reliable exploit for windows 2k3 and 2k8](http://www.argeniss.com/research/TokenKidnapping.pdf) - by Cesar Cerrudo [2008]
+ [Defeating DEP Immunity Way](http://www.immunityinc.com/downloads/DEPLIB.pdf) - by Pablo Sole [2008]
+ [Practical Windows XP2003 Heap Exploitation](http://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-usa-09/MCDONALD/BHUSA09-McDonald-WindowsHeap-PAPER.pdf) - by John McDonald and Chris Valasek [2009]
+ [Bypassing SEHOP](http://www.sysdream.com/articles/sehop_en.pdf) - by Stefan Le Berre Damien Cauquil [2009]
+ [Interpreter Exploitation : Pointer Inference and JIT Spraying](http://www.semantiscope.com/research/BHDC2010/BHDC-2010-Slides-v2.pdf) - by Dionysus Blazakis[2010]
+ [Write-up of Pwn2Own 2010](http://vreugdenhilresearch.nl/Pwn2Own-2010-Windows7-InternetExplorer8.pdf) - by Peter Vreugdenhil
+ [All in one 0day presented in rootedCON](http://wintercore.com/downloads/rootedcon_0day_english.pdf) - by Ruben Santamarta [2010]
+ [DEP/ASLR bypass using 3rd party](http://web.archive.org/web/20130820021520/http://abysssec.com/files/The_Arashi.pdf) - by Shahin Ramezany [2013]
+ [Bypassing EMET 5.0](http://blog.sec-consult.com/2014/10/microsoft-emet-armor-against-zero-days.html) - by René Freingruber [2014]
## <a name="Typical_windows_exploits" />Typical windows exploits
+ [Real-world HW-DEP bypass Exploit](http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/3652) - by Devcode
+ [Bypassing DEP by returning into HeapCreate](http://www.metasploit.com/redmine/projects/framework/repository/revisions/7246/entry/modules/exploits/windows/brightstor/mediasrv_sunrpc.rb) - by Toto
+ [First public ASLR bypass exploit by using partial overwrite ](http://www.metasploit.com/redmine/projects/framework/repository/entry/modules/exploits/windows/email/ani_loadimage_chunksize.rb) - by Skape
+ [Heap spray and bypassing DEP](http://skypher.com/SkyLined/download/www.edup.tudelft.nl/%7Ebjwever/exploits/InternetExploiter2.zip) - by Skylined
+ [First public exploit that used ROP for bypassing DEP in adobe lib TIFF vulnerability](http://www.metasploit.com/redmine/projects/framework/repository/revisions/8833/raw/modules/exploits/windows/fileformat/adobe_libtiff.rb)
+ [Exploit codes of bypassing browsers memory protections](http://phreedom.org/research/bypassing-browser-memory-protections/bypassing-browser-memory-protections-code.zip)
+ [PoC’s on Tokken TokenKidnapping . PoC for 2k3 -part 1](http://www.argeniss.com/research/Churrasco.zip) - by Cesar Cerrudo
+ [PoC’s on Tokken TokenKidnapping . PoC for 2k8 -part 2](http://www.argeniss.com/research/Churrasco2.zip) - by Cesar Cerrudo
+ [An exploit works from win 3.1 to win 7](http://lock.cmpxchg8b.com/c0af0967d904cef2ad4db766a00bc6af/KiTrap0D.zip) - by Tavis Ormandy KiTra0d
+ [Old ms08-067 metasploit module multi-target and DEP bypass](http://metasploit.com/svn/framework3/trunk/modules/exploits/windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi.rb)
+ [SMBv2 Exploit](http://www.metasploit.com/redmine/projects/framework/repository/revisions/8916/raw/modules/exploits/windows/smb/ms09_050_smb2_negotiate_func_index.rb) - by Stephen Fewer
+ [Browser Exploitation Case Study for Internet Explorer 11](https://labs.bluefrostsecurity.de/files/Look_Mom_I_Dont_Use_Shellcode-WP.pdf) - by Moritz Jodeit [2016]
## <a name="Exploit_development_tutorial_series" />Exploit development tutorial series
*Exploid Development Tutorial Series Base on Windows Operation System Articles.*
<aname="corelan"/>
- Corelan Team
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 1 : Stack Based Overflows](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/07/19/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-1-stack-based-overflows/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 2 : Stack Based Overflows – jumping to shellcode](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/07/23/writing-buffer-overflow-exploits-a-quick-and-basic-tutorial-part-2/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 3 : SEH Based Exploits](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/07/25/writing-buffer-overflow-exploits-a-quick-and-basic-tutorial-part-3-seh/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 3b : SEH Based Exploits – just another example](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/07/28/seh-based-exploit-writing-tutorial-continued-just-another-example-part-3b/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 4 : From Exploit to Metasploit – The basics](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/08/12/exploit-writing-tutorials-part-4-from-exploit-to-metasploit-the-basics/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 5 : How debugger modules & plugins can speed up basic exploit development](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/09/05/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-5-how-debugger-modules-plugins-can-speed-up-basic-exploit-development/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 6 : Bypassing Stack Cookies, SafeSeh, SEHOP, HW DEP and ASLR](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/09/21/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-6-bypassing-stack-cookies-safeseh-hw-dep-and-aslr/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 7 : Unicode – from 0x00410041 to calc](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/11/06/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-7-unicode-from-0x00410041-to-calc/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 8 : Win32 Egg Hunting](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2010/01/09/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-8-win32-egg-hunting/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 9 : Introduction to Win32 shellcoding](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2010/02/25/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-9-introduction-to-win32-shellcoding/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 10 : Chaining DEP with ROP – the Rubik’s Cube](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2010/06/16/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-10-chaining-dep-with-rop-the-rubikstm-cube/)
+ [Exploit writing tutorial part 11 : Heap Spraying Demystified](https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2011/12/31/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-11-heap-spraying-demystified/)
-<aname="fuzzysecurity"/>Fuzzysecurity
+ [Part 1: Introduction to Exploit Development](https://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/expDev/1.html)
+ [Heap Overflows For Humans 101](http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/mr_me/2.html)
+ [Heap Overflows For Humans 102](http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/mr_me/3.html)
+ [Heap Overflows For Humans 102.5](http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/mr_me/4.html)
+ [Heap Overflows For Humans 103](http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/mr_me/5.html)
+ [Heap Overflows For Humans 103.5](http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/mr_me/6.html)
-<aname="securitysift"/>Securitysift
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 1: The Basics](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-1-basics/)
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 2: Intro to Stack Based Overflows](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-2-intro-stack-overflow/)
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 3: Changing Offsets and Rebased Modules](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-3-changing-offsets-and-rebased-modules/)
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 4: Locating Shellcode With Jumps](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-4-locating-shellcode-jumps/)
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 5: Locating Shellcode With Egghunting](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-5-locating-shellcode-egghunting/)
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 6: SEH Exploits](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-6-seh-exploits/)
+ [Windows Exploit Development – Part 7: Unicode Buffer Overflows](http://www.securitysift.com/windows-exploit-development-part-7-unicode-buffer-overflows/)
