* Include outlier status in `str(event)`
In places where we log event objects, knowing whether or not you're dealing
with an outlier is super useful.
* Remove duplicated logging in get_missing_events
When we process events received from get_missing_events, we log them twice
(once in `_get_missing_events_for_pdu`, and once in `on_receive_pdu`). Reduce
the duplication by removing the logging in `on_receive_pdu`, and ensuring the
call sites do sensible logging.
* log in `on_receive_pdu` when we already have the event
* Log which prev_events we are missing
* changelog
* drop old-room hack
pretty sure we don't need this any more.
* Remove incorrect comment about modifying `context`
It doesn't look like the supplied context is ever modified.
* Stop `_auth_and_persist_event` modifying its parameters
This is only called in three places. Two of them don't pass `auth_events`, and
the third doesn't use the dict after passing it in, so this should be non-functional.
* Stop `_check_event_auth` modifying its parameters
`_check_event_auth` is only called in three places. `on_send_membership_event`
doesn't pass an `auth_events`, and `prep` and `_auth_and_persist_event` do not
use the map after passing it in.
* Stop `_update_auth_events_and_context_for_auth` modifying its parameters
Return the updated auth event dict, rather than modifying the parameter.
This is only called from `_check_event_auth`.
* Improve documentation on `_auth_and_persist_event`
Rename `auth_events` parameter to better reflect what it contains.
* Improve documentation on `_NewEventInfo`
* Improve documentation on `_check_event_auth`
rename `auth_events` parameter to better describe what it contains
* changelog
* Make historical messages available to federated servers
Part of MSC2716: https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2716
Follow-up to https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/9247
* Debug message not available on federation
* Add base starting insertion point when no chunk ID is provided
* Fix messages from multiple senders in historical chunk
Follow-up to https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/9247
Part of MSC2716: https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2716
---
Previously, Synapse would throw a 403,
`Cannot force another user to join.`,
because we were trying to use `?user_id` from a single virtual user
which did not match with messages from other users in the chunk.
* Remove debug lines
* Messing with selecting insertion event extremeties
* Move db schema change to new version
* Add more better comments
* Make a fake requester with just what we need
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10276#discussion_r660999080
* Store insertion events in table
* Make base insertion event float off on its own
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10250#issuecomment-875711889
Conflicts:
synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
* Validate that the app service can actually control the given user
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10276#issuecomment-876316455
Conflicts:
synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
* Add some better comments on what we're trying to check for
* Continue debugging
* Share validation logic
* Add inserted historical messages to /backfill response
* Remove debug sql queries
* Some marker event implemntation trials
* Clean up PR
* Rename insertion_event_id to just event_id
* Add some better sql comments
* More accurate description
* Add changelog
* Make it clear what MSC the change is part of
* Add more detail on which insertion event came through
* Address review and improve sql queries
* Only use event_id as unique constraint
* Fix test case where insertion event is already in the normal DAG
* Remove debug changes
* Add support for MSC2716 marker events
* Process markers when we receive it over federation
* WIP: make hs2 backfill historical messages after marker event
* hs2 to better ask for insertion event extremity
But running into the `sqlite3.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: event_to_state_groups.state_group`
error
* Add insertion_event_extremities table
* Switch to chunk events so we can auth via power_levels
Previously, we were using `content.chunk_id` to connect one
chunk to another. But these events can be from any `sender`
and we can't tell who should be able to send historical events.
We know we only want the application service to do it but these
events have the sender of a real historical message, not the
application service user ID as the sender. Other federated homeservers
also have no indicator which senders are an application service on
the originating homeserver.
So we want to auth all of the MSC2716 events via power_levels
and have them be sent by the application service with proper
PL levels in the room.
* Switch to chunk events for federation
* Add unstable room version to support new historical PL
* Messy: Fix undefined state_group for federated historical events
```
2021-07-13 02:27:57,810 - synapse.handlers.federation - 1248 - ERROR - GET-4 - Failed to backfill from hs1 because NOT NULL constraint failed: event_to_state_groups.state_group
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/handlers/federation.py", line 1216, in try_backfill
await self.backfill(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/handlers/federation.py", line 1035, in backfill
await self._auth_and_persist_event(dest, event, context, backfilled=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/handlers/federation.py", line 2222, in _auth_and_persist_event
await self._run_push_actions_and_persist_event(event, context, backfilled)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/handlers/federation.py", line 2244, in _run_push_actions_and_persist_event
await self.persist_events_and_notify(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/handlers/federation.py", line 3290, in persist_events_and_notify
events, max_stream_token = await self.storage.persistence.persist_events(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/logging/opentracing.py", line 774, in _trace_inner
return await func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/persist_events.py", line 320, in persist_events
ret_vals = await yieldable_gather_results(enqueue, partitioned.items())
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/persist_events.py", line 237, in handle_queue_loop
ret = await self._per_item_callback(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/persist_events.py", line 577, in _persist_event_batch
await self.persist_events_store._persist_events_and_state_updates(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py", line 176, in _persist_events_and_state_updates
await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 681, in runInteraction
result = await self.runWithConnection(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 770, in runWithConnection
return await make_deferred_yieldable(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/python/threadpool.py", line 238, in inContext
result = inContext.theWork() # type: ignore[attr-defined]
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/python/threadpool.py", line 254, in <lambda>
inContext.theWork = lambda: context.call( # type: ignore[attr-defined]
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/python/context.py", line 118, in callWithContext
return self.currentContext().callWithContext(ctx, func, *args, **kw)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/python/context.py", line 83, in callWithContext
return func(*args, **kw)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/enterprise/adbapi.py", line 293, in _runWithConnection
compat.reraise(excValue, excTraceback)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/python/deprecate.py", line 298, in deprecatedFunction
return function(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/python/compat.py", line 403, in reraise
raise exception.with_traceback(traceback)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twisted/enterprise/adbapi.py", line 284, in _runWithConnection
result = func(conn, *args, **kw)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 765, in inner_func
return func(db_conn, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 549, in new_transaction
r = func(cursor, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/logging/utils.py", line 69, in wrapped
return f(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py", line 385, in _persist_events_txn
self._store_event_state_mappings_txn(txn, events_and_contexts)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py", line 2065, in _store_event_state_mappings_txn
self.db_pool.simple_insert_many_txn(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 923, in simple_insert_many_txn
txn.execute_batch(sql, vals)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 280, in execute_batch
self.executemany(sql, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 300, in executemany
self._do_execute(self.txn.executemany, sql, *args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/synapse/storage/database.py", line 330, in _do_execute
return func(sql, *args)
sqlite3.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: event_to_state_groups.state_group
```
* Revert "Messy: Fix undefined state_group for federated historical events"
This reverts commit 187ab28611546321e02770944c86f30ee2bc742a.
* Fix federated events being rejected for no state_groups
Add fix from https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10439
until it merges.
* Adapting to experimental room version
* Some log cleanup
* Add better comments around extremity fetching code and why
* Rename to be more accurate to what the function returns
* Add changelog
* Ignore rejected events
* Use simplified upsert
* Add Erik's explanation of extra event checks
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10498#discussion_r680880332
* Clarify that the depth is not directly correlated to the backwards extremity that we return
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10498#discussion_r681725404
* lock only matters for sqlite
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10498#discussion_r681728061
* Move new SQL changes to its own delta file
* Clean up upsert docstring
* Bump database schema version (62)
* Make historical messages available to federated servers
Part of MSC2716: https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2716
Follow-up to https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/9247
* Debug message not available on federation
* Add base starting insertion point when no chunk ID is provided
* Fix messages from multiple senders in historical chunk
Follow-up to https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/9247
Part of MSC2716: https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2716
---
Previously, Synapse would throw a 403,
`Cannot force another user to join.`,
because we were trying to use `?user_id` from a single virtual user
which did not match with messages from other users in the chunk.
* Remove debug lines
* Messing with selecting insertion event extremeties
* Move db schema change to new version
* Add more better comments
* Make a fake requester with just what we need
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10276#discussion_r660999080
* Store insertion events in table
* Make base insertion event float off on its own
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10250#issuecomment-875711889
Conflicts:
synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
* Validate that the app service can actually control the given user
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10276#issuecomment-876316455
Conflicts:
synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
* Add some better comments on what we're trying to check for
* Continue debugging
* Share validation logic
* Add inserted historical messages to /backfill response
* Remove debug sql queries
* Some marker event implemntation trials
* Clean up PR
* Rename insertion_event_id to just event_id
* Add some better sql comments
* More accurate description
* Add changelog
* Make it clear what MSC the change is part of
* Add more detail on which insertion event came through
* Address review and improve sql queries
* Only use event_id as unique constraint
* Fix test case where insertion event is already in the normal DAG
* Remove debug changes
* Switch to chunk events so we can auth via power_levels
Previously, we were using `content.chunk_id` to connect one
chunk to another. But these events can be from any `sender`
and we can't tell who should be able to send historical events.
We know we only want the application service to do it but these
events have the sender of a real historical message, not the
application service user ID as the sender. Other federated homeservers
also have no indicator which senders are an application service on
the originating homeserver.
So we want to auth all of the MSC2716 events via power_levels
and have them be sent by the application service with proper
PL levels in the room.
* Switch to chunk events for federation
* Add unstable room version to support new historical PL
* Fix federated events being rejected for no state_groups
Add fix from https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10439
until it merges.
* Only connect base insertion event to prev_event_ids
Per discussion with @erikjohnston,
https://matrix.to/#/!UytJQHLQYfvYWsGrGY:jki.re/$12bTUiObDFdHLAYtT7E-BvYRp3k_xv8w0dUQHibasJk?via=jki.re&via=matrix.org
* Make it possible to get the room_version with txn
* Allow but ignore historical events in unsupported room version
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10245#discussion_r675592489
We can't reject historical events on unsupported room versions because homeservers without knowledge of MSC2716 or the new room version don't reject historical events either.
Since we can't rely on the auth check here to stop historical events on unsupported room versions, I've added some additional checks in the processing/persisting code (`synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py` -> `_handle_insertion_event` and `_handle_chunk_event`). I've had to do some refactoring so there is method to fetch the room version by `txn`.
* Move to unique index syntax
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10245#discussion_r675638509
* High-level document how the insertion->chunk lookup works
* Remove create_event fallback for room_versions
See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/10245/files#r677641879
* Use updated method name
The idea here is to stop people sending things that aren't joins/leaves/knocks through these endpoints: previously you could send anything you liked through them. I wasn't able to find any security holes from doing so, but it doesn't sound like a good thing.
An accidental mis-ordering of operations during #6739 technically allowed an incoming knock event over federation in before checking it against any configured Third Party Access Rules modules.
This PR corrects that by performing the TPAR check *before* persisting the event.
* Room version 7 for knocking.
* Stable prefixes and endpoints (both client and federation) for knocking.
* Removes the experimental configuration flag.
Spawned from missing messages we were seeing on `matrix.org` from a
federated Gtiter bridged room, https://gitlab.com/gitterHQ/webapp/-/issues/2770.
The underlying issue in Synapse is tracked by https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/10066
where the message and join event race and the message is `soft_failed` before the
`join` event reaches the remote federated server.
Less soft_failed events = better and usually this should only trigger for events
where people are doing bad things and trying to fuzz and fake everything.
If backfilling is slow then the client may time out and retry, causing
Synapse to start a new `/backfill` before the existing backfill has
finished, duplicating work.
Empirically, this helped my server considerably when handling gaps in Matrix HQ. The problem was that we would repeatedly call have_seen_events for the same set of (50K or so) auth_events, each of which would take many minutes to complete, even though it's only an index scan.
To be more consistent with similar code. The check now automatically
raises an AuthError instead of passing back a boolean. It also absorbs
some shared logic between callers.
We were pulling the full auth chain for the room out of the DB each time
we backfilled, which can be *huge* for large rooms and is totally
unnecessary.
When receiving a /send_join request for a room with join rules set to 'restricted',
check if the user is a member of the spaces defined in the 'allow' key of the join rules.
This only applies to an experimental room version, as defined in MSC3083.
When receiving a /send_join request for a room with join rules set to 'restricted',
check if the user is a member of the spaces defined in the 'allow' key of the join
rules.
This only applies to an experimental room version, as defined in MSC3083.
Part of #9744
Removes all redundant `# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-` lines from files, as python 3 automatically reads source code as utf-8 now.
`Signed-off-by: Jonathan de Jong <jonathan@automatia.nl>`
This should fix a class of bug where we forget to check if e.g. the appservice shouldn't be ratelimited.
We also check the `ratelimit_override` table to check if the user has ratelimiting disabled. That table is really only meant to override the event sender ratelimiting, so we don't use any values from it (as they might not make sense for different rate limits), but we do infer that if ratelimiting is disabled for the user we should disabled all ratelimits.
Fixes#9663
Background: When we receive incoming federation traffic, and notice that we are missing prev_events from
the incoming traffic, first we do a `/get_missing_events` request, and then if we still have missing prev_events,
we set up new backwards-extremities. To do that, we need to make a `/state_ids` request to ask the remote
server for the state at those prev_events, and then we may need to then ask the remote server for any events
in that state which we don't already have, as well as the auth events for those missing state events, so that we
can auth them.
This PR attempts to optimise the processing of that state request. The `state_ids` API returns a list of the state
events, as well as a list of all the auth events for *all* of those state events. The optimisation comes from the
observation that we are currently loading all of those auth events into memory at the start of the operation, but
we almost certainly aren't going to need *all* of the auth events. Rather, we can check that we have them, and
leave the actual load into memory for later. (Ideally the federation API would tell us which auth events we're
actually going to need, but it doesn't.)
The effect of this is to reduce the number of events that I need to load for an event in Matrix HQ from about
60000 to about 22000, which means it can stay in my in-memory cache, whereas previously the sheer number
of events meant that all 60K events had to be loaded from db for each request, due to the amount of cache
churn. (NB I've already tripled the size of the cache from its default of 10K).
Unfortunately I've ended up basically C&Ping `_get_state_for_room` and `_get_events_from_store_or_dest` into
a new method, because `_get_state_for_room` is also called during backfill, which expects the auth events to be
returned, so the same tricks don't work. That said, I don't really know why that codepath is completely different
(ultimately we're doing the same thing in setting up a new backwards extremity) so I've left a TODO suggesting
that we clean it up.
- Update black version to the latest
- Run black auto formatting over the codebase
- Run autoformatting according to [`docs/code_style.md
`](80d6dc9783/docs/code_style.md)
- Update `code_style.md` docs around installing black to use the correct version
Replaces the `federation_ip_range_blacklist` configuration setting with an
`ip_range_blacklist` setting with wider scope. It now applies to:
* Federation
* Identity servers
* Push notifications
* Checking key validitity for third-party invite events
The old `federation_ip_range_blacklist` setting is still honored if present, but
with reduced scope (it only applies to federation and identity servers).
* Consistently use room_id from federation request body
Some federation APIs have a redundant `room_id` path param (see
https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/2330). We should make sure we
consistently use either the path param or the body param, and the body param is
easier.
* Kill off some references to "context"
Once upon a time, "rooms" were known as "contexts". I think this kills of the
last references to "contexts".
There's a handy function called maybe_store_room_on_invite which allows us to create an entry in the rooms table for a room and its version for which we aren't joined to yet, but we can reference when ingesting events about.
This is currently used for invites where we receive some stripped state about the room and pass it down via /sync to the client, without us being in the room yet.
There is a similar requirement for knocking, where we will eventually do the same thing, and need an entry in the rooms table as well. Thus, reusing this function works, however its name needs to be generalised a bit.
Separated out from #6739.
There's no need for it to be in the dict as well as the events table. Instead,
we store it in a separate attribute in the EventInternalMetadata object, and
populate that on load.
This means that we can rely on it being correctly populated for any event which
has been persited to the database.
The idea is to remove some of the places we pass around `int`, where it can represent one of two things:
1. the position of an event in the stream; or
2. a token that partitions the stream, used as part of the stream tokens.
The valid operations are then:
1. did a position happen before or after a token;
2. get all events that happened before or after a token; and
3. get all events between two tokens.
(Note that we don't want to allow other operations as we want to change the tokens to be vector clocks rather than simple ints)
==============================
In addition to the below, Synapse 1.20.0rc5 also includes the bug fix that was included in 1.19.3.
Features
--------
- Add flags to the `/versions` endpoint for whether new rooms default to using E2EE. ([\#8343](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8343))
Bugfixes
--------
- Fix rate limiting of federation `/send` requests. ([\#8342](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8342))
- Fix a longstanding bug where back pagination over federation could get stuck if it failed to handle a received event. ([\#8349](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8349))
Internal Changes
----------------
- Blacklist [MSC2753](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2753) SyTests until it is implemented. ([\#8285](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8285))
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Merge tag 'v1.20.0rc5' into develop
Synapse 1.20.0rc5 (2020-09-18)
==============================
In addition to the below, Synapse 1.20.0rc5 also includes the bug fix that was included in 1.19.3.
Features
--------
- Add flags to the `/versions` endpoint for whether new rooms default to using E2EE. ([\#8343](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8343))
Bugfixes
--------
- Fix rate limiting of federation `/send` requests. ([\#8342](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8342))
- Fix a longstanding bug where back pagination over federation could get stuck if it failed to handle a received event. ([\#8349](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8349))
Internal Changes
----------------
- Blacklist [MSC2753](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2753) SyTests until it is implemented. ([\#8285](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8285))
Instead of just using the most recent extremities let's pick the
ones that will give us results that the pagination request cares about,
i.e. pick extremities only if they have a smaller depth than the
pagination token.
This is useful when we fail to backfill an extremity, as we no longer
get stuck requesting that same extremity repeatedly.
slots use less memory (and attribute access is faster) while slightly
limiting the flexibility of the class attributes. This focuses on objects
which are instantiated "often" and for short periods of time.
This is *not* ready for production yet. Caveats:
1. We should write some tests...
2. The stream token that we use for events can get stalled at the minimum position of all writers. This means that new events may not be processed and e.g. sent down sync streams if a writer isn't writing or is slow.
The idea here is that we pass the `max_stream_id` to everything, and only use the stream ID of the particular event to figure out *when* the max stream position has caught up to the event and we can notify people about it.
This is to maintain the distinction between the position of an item in the stream (i.e. event A has stream ID 513) and a token that can be used to partition the stream (i.e. give me all events after stream ID 352). This distinction becomes important when the tokens are more complicated than a single number, which they will be once we start tracking the position of multiple writers in the tokens.
The valid operations here are:
1. Is a position before or after a token
2. Fetching all events between two tokens
3. Merging multiple tokens to get the "max", i.e. `C = max(A, B)` means that for all positions P where P is before A *or* before B, then P is before C.
Future PR will change the token type to a dedicated type.
`pusher_pool.on_new_notifications` expected a min and max stream ID, however that was not what we were passing in. Instead, let's just pass it the current max stream ID and have it track the last stream ID it got passed.
I believe that it mostly worked as we called the function for every event. However, it would break for events that got persisted out of order, i.e, that were persisted but the max stream ID wasn't incremented as not all preceding events had finished persisting, and push for that event would be delayed until another event got pushed to the effected users.
This is *not* ready for production yet. Caveats:
1. We should write some tests...
2. The stream token that we use for events can get stalled at the minimum position of all writers. This means that new events may not be processed and e.g. sent down sync streams if a writer isn't writing or is slow.
The replication client requires that arguments are given as keyword
arguments, which was not done in this case. We also pull out the logic
so that we can catch and handle any exceptions raised, rather than
leaving them unhandled.
When fetching the state of a room over federation we receive the event
IDs of the state and auth chain. We then fetch those events that we
don't already have.
However, we used a function that recursively fetched any missing auth
events for the fetched events, which can lead to a lot of recursion if
the server is missing most of the auth chain. This work is entirely
pointless because would have queued up the missing events in the auth
chain to be fetched already.
Let's just diable the recursion, since it only gets called from one
place anyway.
State res v2 across large data sets can be very CPU intensive, and if
all the relevant events are in the cache the algorithm will run from
start to finish within a single reactor tick. This can result in
blocking the reactor tick for several seconds, which can have major
repercussions on other requests.
To fix this we simply add the occaisonal `sleep(0)` during iterations to
yield execution until the next reactor tick. The aim is to only do this
for large data sets so that we don't impact otherwise quick resolutions.=
Fixes https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/2431
Adds config option `encryption_enabled_by_default_for_room_type`, which determines whether encryption should be enabled with the default encryption algorithm in private or public rooms upon creation. Whether the room is private or public is decided based upon the room creation preset that is used.
Part of this PR is also pulling out all of the individual instances of `m.megolm.v1.aes-sha2` into a constant variable to eliminate typos ala https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/7637
Based on #7637
The idea here is that if an instance persists an event via the replication HTTP API it can return before we receive that event over replication, which can lead to races where code assumes that persisting an event immediately updates various caches (e.g. current state of the room).
Most of Synapse doesn't hit such races, so we don't do the waiting automagically, instead we do so where necessary to avoid unnecessary delays. We may decide to change our minds here if it turns out there are a lot of subtle races going on.
People probably want to look at this commit by commit.
