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1008 lines
36 KiB
Python
1008 lines
36 KiB
Python
# Copyright 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
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# Copyright 2020-2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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import codecs
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import datetime
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import errno
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import fnmatch
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import itertools
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import logging
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import os
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import re
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import shutil
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import sys
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import traceback
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from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Generator, Iterable, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
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from urllib import parse as urlparse
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import attr
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from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred
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from twisted.internet.error import DNSLookupError
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from synapse.api.errors import Codes, SynapseError
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from synapse.http.client import SimpleHttpClient
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from synapse.http.server import (
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DirectServeJsonResource,
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respond_with_json,
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respond_with_json_bytes,
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)
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from synapse.http.servlet import parse_integer, parse_string
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from synapse.http.site import SynapseRequest
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from synapse.logging.context import make_deferred_yieldable, run_in_background
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from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
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from synapse.rest.media.v1._base import get_filename_from_headers
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from synapse.rest.media.v1.media_storage import MediaStorage
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from synapse.rest.media.v1.oembed import OEmbedProvider
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from synapse.types import JsonDict
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from synapse.util import json_encoder
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from synapse.util.async_helpers import ObservableDeferred
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from synapse.util.caches.expiringcache import ExpiringCache
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from synapse.util.stringutils import random_string
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from ._base import FileInfo
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if TYPE_CHECKING:
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from lxml import etree
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from synapse.rest.media.v1.media_repository import MediaRepository
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from synapse.server import HomeServer
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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_charset_match = re.compile(
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br'<\s*meta[^>]*charset\s*=\s*"?([a-z0-9_-]+)"?', flags=re.I
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)
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_xml_encoding_match = re.compile(
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br'\s*<\s*\?\s*xml[^>]*encoding="([a-z0-9_-]+)"', flags=re.I
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)
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_content_type_match = re.compile(r'.*; *charset="?(.*?)"?(;|$)', flags=re.I)
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OG_TAG_NAME_MAXLEN = 50
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OG_TAG_VALUE_MAXLEN = 1000
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ONE_HOUR = 60 * 60 * 1000
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ONE_DAY = 24 * ONE_HOUR
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IMAGE_CACHE_EXPIRY_MS = 2 * ONE_DAY
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@attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
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class MediaInfo:
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"""
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Information parsed from downloading media being previewed.
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"""
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# The Content-Type header of the response.
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media_type: str
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# The length (in bytes) of the downloaded media.
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media_length: int
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# The media filename, according to the server. This is parsed from the
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# returned headers, if possible.
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download_name: Optional[str]
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# The time of the preview.
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created_ts_ms: int
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# Information from the media storage provider about where the file is stored
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# on disk.
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filesystem_id: str
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filename: str
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# The URI being previewed.
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uri: str
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# The HTTP response code.
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response_code: int
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# The timestamp (in milliseconds) of when this preview expires.
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expires: int
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# The ETag header of the response.
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etag: Optional[str]
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class PreviewUrlResource(DirectServeJsonResource):
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"""
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Generating URL previews is a complicated task which many potential pitfalls.
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See docs/development/url_previews.md for discussion of the design and
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algorithm followed in this module.
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"""
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isLeaf = True
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def __init__(
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self,
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hs: "HomeServer",
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media_repo: "MediaRepository",
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media_storage: MediaStorage,
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):
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super().__init__()
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self.auth = hs.get_auth()
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self.clock = hs.get_clock()
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self.filepaths = media_repo.filepaths
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self.max_spider_size = hs.config.media.max_spider_size
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self.server_name = hs.hostname
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self.store = hs.get_datastore()
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self.client = SimpleHttpClient(
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hs,
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treq_args={"browser_like_redirects": True},
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ip_whitelist=hs.config.media.url_preview_ip_range_whitelist,
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ip_blacklist=hs.config.media.url_preview_ip_range_blacklist,
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use_proxy=True,
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)
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self.media_repo = media_repo
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self.primary_base_path = media_repo.primary_base_path
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self.media_storage = media_storage
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self._oembed = OEmbedProvider(hs)
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# We run the background jobs if we're the instance specified (or no
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# instance is specified, where we assume there is only one instance
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# serving media).
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instance_running_jobs = hs.config.media.media_instance_running_background_jobs
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self._worker_run_media_background_jobs = (
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instance_running_jobs is None
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or instance_running_jobs == hs.get_instance_name()
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)
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self.url_preview_url_blacklist = hs.config.media.url_preview_url_blacklist
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self.url_preview_accept_language = hs.config.media.url_preview_accept_language
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# memory cache mapping urls to an ObservableDeferred returning
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# JSON-encoded OG metadata
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self._cache: ExpiringCache[str, ObservableDeferred] = ExpiringCache(
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cache_name="url_previews",
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clock=self.clock,
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# don't spider URLs more often than once an hour
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expiry_ms=ONE_HOUR,
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)
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if self._worker_run_media_background_jobs:
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self._cleaner_loop = self.clock.looping_call(
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self._start_expire_url_cache_data, 10 * 1000
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)
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async def _async_render_OPTIONS(self, request: SynapseRequest) -> None:
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request.setHeader(b"Allow", b"OPTIONS, GET")
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respond_with_json(request, 200, {}, send_cors=True)
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async def _async_render_GET(self, request: SynapseRequest) -> None:
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# XXX: if get_user_by_req fails, what should we do in an async render?
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requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
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url = parse_string(request, "url", required=True)
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ts = parse_integer(request, "ts")
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if ts is None:
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ts = self.clock.time_msec()
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# XXX: we could move this into _do_preview if we wanted.
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url_tuple = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
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for entry in self.url_preview_url_blacklist:
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match = True
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for attrib in entry:
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pattern = entry[attrib]
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value = getattr(url_tuple, attrib)
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logger.debug(
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"Matching attrib '%s' with value '%s' against pattern '%s'",
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attrib,
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value,
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pattern,
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)
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if value is None:
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match = False
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continue
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if pattern.startswith("^"):
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if not re.match(pattern, getattr(url_tuple, attrib)):
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match = False
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continue
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else:
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if not fnmatch.fnmatch(getattr(url_tuple, attrib), pattern):
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match = False
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continue
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if match:
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logger.warning("URL %s blocked by url_blacklist entry %s", url, entry)
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raise SynapseError(
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403, "URL blocked by url pattern blacklist entry", Codes.UNKNOWN
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)
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# the in-memory cache:
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# * ensures that only one request is active at a time
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# * takes load off the DB for the thundering herds
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# * also caches any failures (unlike the DB) so we don't keep
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# requesting the same endpoint
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observable = self._cache.get(url)
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if not observable:
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download = run_in_background(self._do_preview, url, requester.user, ts)
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observable = ObservableDeferred(download, consumeErrors=True)
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self._cache[url] = observable
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else:
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logger.info("Returning cached response")
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og = await make_deferred_yieldable(observable.observe())
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respond_with_json_bytes(request, 200, og, send_cors=True)
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async def _do_preview(self, url: str, user: str, ts: int) -> bytes:
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"""Check the db, and download the URL and build a preview
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Args:
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url: The URL to preview.
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user: The user requesting the preview.
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ts: The timestamp requested for the preview.
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Returns:
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json-encoded og data
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"""
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# check the URL cache in the DB (which will also provide us with
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# historical previews, if we have any)
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cache_result = await self.store.get_url_cache(url, ts)
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if (
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cache_result
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and cache_result["expires_ts"] > ts
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and cache_result["response_code"] / 100 == 2
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):
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# It may be stored as text in the database, not as bytes (such as
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# PostgreSQL). If so, encode it back before handing it on.
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og = cache_result["og"]
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if isinstance(og, str):
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og = og.encode("utf8")
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return og
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# If this URL can be accessed via oEmbed, use that instead.
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url_to_download = url
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oembed_url = self._oembed.get_oembed_url(url)
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if oembed_url:
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url_to_download = oembed_url
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media_info = await self._download_url(url_to_download, user)
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logger.debug("got media_info of '%s'", media_info)
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# The number of milliseconds that the response should be considered valid.
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expiration_ms = media_info.expires
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if _is_media(media_info.media_type):
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file_id = media_info.filesystem_id
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dims = await self.media_repo._generate_thumbnails(
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None, file_id, file_id, media_info.media_type, url_cache=True
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)
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og = {
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"og:description": media_info.download_name,
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"og:image": f"mxc://{self.server_name}/{media_info.filesystem_id}",
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"og:image:type": media_info.media_type,
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"matrix:image:size": media_info.media_length,
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}
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if dims:
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og["og:image:width"] = dims["width"]
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og["og:image:height"] = dims["height"]
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else:
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logger.warning("Couldn't get dims for %s" % url)
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# define our OG response for this media
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elif _is_html(media_info.media_type):
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# TODO: somehow stop a big HTML tree from exploding synapse's RAM
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with open(media_info.filename, "rb") as file:
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body = file.read()
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tree = decode_body(body, media_info.uri, media_info.media_type)
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if tree is not None:
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# Check if this HTML document points to oEmbed information and
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# defer to that.
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oembed_url = self._oembed.autodiscover_from_html(tree)
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og = {}
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if oembed_url:
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oembed_info = await self._download_url(oembed_url, user)
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og, expiration_ms = await self._handle_oembed_response(
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url, oembed_info, expiration_ms
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)
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# If there was no oEmbed URL (or oEmbed parsing failed), attempt
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# to generate the Open Graph information from the HTML.
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if not oembed_url or not og:
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og = _calc_og(tree, media_info.uri)
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await self._precache_image_url(user, media_info, og)
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else:
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og = {}
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elif oembed_url:
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# Handle the oEmbed information.
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og, expiration_ms = await self._handle_oembed_response(
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url, media_info, expiration_ms
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)
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await self._precache_image_url(user, media_info, og)
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else:
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logger.warning("Failed to find any OG data in %s", url)
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og = {}
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# filter out any stupidly long values
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keys_to_remove = []
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for k, v in og.items():
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# values can be numeric as well as strings, hence the cast to str
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if len(k) > OG_TAG_NAME_MAXLEN or len(str(v)) > OG_TAG_VALUE_MAXLEN:
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logger.warning(
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"Pruning overlong tag %s from OG data", k[:OG_TAG_NAME_MAXLEN]
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)
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keys_to_remove.append(k)
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for k in keys_to_remove:
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del og[k]
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logger.debug("Calculated OG for %s as %s", url, og)
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jsonog = json_encoder.encode(og)
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# Cap the amount of time to consider a response valid.
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expiration_ms = min(expiration_ms, ONE_DAY)
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# store OG in history-aware DB cache
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await self.store.store_url_cache(
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url,
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media_info.response_code,
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media_info.etag,
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media_info.created_ts_ms + expiration_ms,
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jsonog,
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media_info.filesystem_id,
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media_info.created_ts_ms,
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)
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return jsonog.encode("utf8")
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async def _download_url(self, url: str, user: str) -> MediaInfo:
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# TODO: we should probably honour robots.txt... except in practice
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# we're most likely being explicitly triggered by a human rather than a
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# bot, so are we really a robot?
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file_id = datetime.date.today().isoformat() + "_" + random_string(16)
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file_info = FileInfo(server_name=None, file_id=file_id, url_cache=True)
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with self.media_storage.store_into_file(file_info) as (f, fname, finish):
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try:
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logger.debug("Trying to get preview for url '%s'", url)
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length, headers, uri, code = await self.client.get_file(
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url,
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output_stream=f,
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max_size=self.max_spider_size,
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headers={"Accept-Language": self.url_preview_accept_language},
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)
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except SynapseError:
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# Pass SynapseErrors through directly, so that the servlet
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# handler will return a SynapseError to the client instead of
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# blank data or a 500.
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raise
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except DNSLookupError:
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# DNS lookup returned no results
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# Note: This will also be the case if one of the resolved IP
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# addresses is blacklisted
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raise SynapseError(
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502,
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"DNS resolution failure during URL preview generation",
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Codes.UNKNOWN,
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)
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except Exception as e:
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# FIXME: pass through 404s and other error messages nicely
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logger.warning("Error downloading %s: %r", url, e)
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raise SynapseError(
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500,
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"Failed to download content: %s"
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% (traceback.format_exception_only(sys.exc_info()[0], e),),
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Codes.UNKNOWN,
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)
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await finish()
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if b"Content-Type" in headers:
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media_type = headers[b"Content-Type"][0].decode("ascii")
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else:
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media_type = "application/octet-stream"
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download_name = get_filename_from_headers(headers)
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# FIXME: we should calculate a proper expiration based on the
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# Cache-Control and Expire headers. But for now, assume 1 hour.
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expires = ONE_HOUR
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etag = headers[b"ETag"][0].decode("ascii") if b"ETag" in headers else None
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try:
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time_now_ms = self.clock.time_msec()
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await self.store.store_local_media(
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media_id=file_id,
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media_type=media_type,
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time_now_ms=time_now_ms,
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upload_name=download_name,
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media_length=length,
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user_id=user,
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url_cache=url,
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)
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error("Error handling downloaded %s: %r", url, e)
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# TODO: we really ought to delete the downloaded file in this
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# case, since we won't have recorded it in the db, and will
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# therefore not expire it.
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raise
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return MediaInfo(
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media_type=media_type,
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media_length=length,
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download_name=download_name,
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created_ts_ms=time_now_ms,
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filesystem_id=file_id,
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filename=fname,
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uri=uri,
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response_code=code,
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expires=expires,
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etag=etag,
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)
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async def _precache_image_url(
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self, user: str, media_info: MediaInfo, og: JsonDict
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) -> None:
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"""
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Pre-cache the image (if one exists) for posterity
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Args:
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user: The user requesting the preview.
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media_info: The media being previewed.
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og: The Open Graph dictionary. This is modified with image information.
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"""
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# If there's no image or it is blank, there's nothing to do.
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if "og:image" not in og or not og["og:image"]:
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return
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# FIXME: it might be cleaner to use the same flow as the main /preview_url
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# request itself and benefit from the same caching etc. But for now we
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# just rely on the caching on the master request to speed things up.
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image_info = await self._download_url(
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_rebase_url(og["og:image"], media_info.uri), user
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)
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if _is_media(image_info.media_type):
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# TODO: make sure we don't choke on white-on-transparent images
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file_id = image_info.filesystem_id
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dims = await self.media_repo._generate_thumbnails(
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None, file_id, file_id, image_info.media_type, url_cache=True
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)
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if dims:
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og["og:image:width"] = dims["width"]
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og["og:image:height"] = dims["height"]
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else:
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logger.warning("Couldn't get dims for %s", og["og:image"])
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og["og:image"] = f"mxc://{self.server_name}/{image_info.filesystem_id}"
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og["og:image:type"] = image_info.media_type
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og["matrix:image:size"] = image_info.media_length
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else:
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del og["og:image"]
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async def _handle_oembed_response(
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self, url: str, media_info: MediaInfo, expiration_ms: int
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) -> Tuple[JsonDict, int]:
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"""
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Parse the downloaded oEmbed info.
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Args:
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url: The URL which is being previewed (not the one which was
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|
requested).
|
|
media_info: The media being previewed.
|
|
expiration_ms: The length of time, in milliseconds, the media is valid for.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
A tuple of:
|
|
The Open Graph dictionary, if the oEmbed info can be parsed.
|
|
The (possibly updated) length of time, in milliseconds, the media is valid for.
|
|
"""
|
|
# If JSON was not returned, there's nothing to do.
|
|
if not _is_json(media_info.media_type):
|
|
return {}, expiration_ms
|
|
|
|
with open(media_info.filename, "rb") as file:
|
|
body = file.read()
|
|
|
|
oembed_response = self._oembed.parse_oembed_response(url, body)
|
|
open_graph_result = oembed_response.open_graph_result
|
|
|
|
# Use the cache age from the oEmbed result, if one was given.
|
|
if open_graph_result and oembed_response.cache_age is not None:
|
|
expiration_ms = oembed_response.cache_age
|
|
|
|
return open_graph_result, expiration_ms
|
|
|
|
def _start_expire_url_cache_data(self) -> Deferred:
|
|
return run_as_background_process(
|
|
"expire_url_cache_data", self._expire_url_cache_data
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
async def _expire_url_cache_data(self) -> None:
|
|
"""Clean up expired url cache content, media and thumbnails."""
|
|
|
|
assert self._worker_run_media_background_jobs
|
|
|
|
now = self.clock.time_msec()
|
|
|
|
logger.debug("Running url preview cache expiry")
|
|
|
|
if not (await self.store.db_pool.updates.has_completed_background_updates()):
|
|
logger.info("Still running DB updates; skipping expiry")
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
def try_remove_parent_dirs(dirs: Iterable[str]) -> None:
|
|
"""Attempt to remove the given chain of parent directories
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
dirs: The list of directory paths to delete, with children appearing
|
|
before their parents.
|
|
"""
|
|
for dir in dirs:
|
|
try:
|
|
os.rmdir(dir)
|
|
except FileNotFoundError:
|
|
# Already deleted, continue with deleting the rest
|
|
pass
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
# Failed, skip deleting the rest of the parent dirs
|
|
if e.errno != errno.ENOTEMPTY:
|
|
logger.warning(
|
|
"Failed to remove media directory: %r: %s", dir, e
|
|
)
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
# First we delete expired url cache entries
|
|
media_ids = await self.store.get_expired_url_cache(now)
|
|
|
|
removed_media = []
|
|
for media_id in media_ids:
|
|
fname = self.filepaths.url_cache_filepath(media_id)
|
|
try:
|
|
os.remove(fname)
|
|
except FileNotFoundError:
|
|
pass # If the path doesn't exist, meh
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
logger.warning("Failed to remove media: %r: %s", media_id, e)
|
|
continue
|
|
|
|
removed_media.append(media_id)
|
|
|
|
dirs = self.filepaths.url_cache_filepath_dirs_to_delete(media_id)
|
|
try_remove_parent_dirs(dirs)
|
|
|
|
await self.store.delete_url_cache(removed_media)
|
|
|
|
if removed_media:
|
|
logger.info("Deleted %d entries from url cache", len(removed_media))
|
|
else:
|
|
logger.debug("No entries removed from url cache")
|
|
|
|
# Now we delete old images associated with the url cache.
|
|
# These may be cached for a bit on the client (i.e., they
|
|
# may have a room open with a preview url thing open).
|
|
# So we wait a couple of days before deleting, just in case.
|
|
expire_before = now - IMAGE_CACHE_EXPIRY_MS
|
|
media_ids = await self.store.get_url_cache_media_before(expire_before)
|
|
|
|
removed_media = []
|
|
for media_id in media_ids:
|
|
fname = self.filepaths.url_cache_filepath(media_id)
|
|
try:
|
|
os.remove(fname)
|
|
except FileNotFoundError:
|
|
pass # If the path doesn't exist, meh
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
logger.warning("Failed to remove media: %r: %s", media_id, e)
|
|
continue
|
|
|
|
dirs = self.filepaths.url_cache_filepath_dirs_to_delete(media_id)
|
|
try_remove_parent_dirs(dirs)
|
|
|
|
thumbnail_dir = self.filepaths.url_cache_thumbnail_directory(media_id)
|
|
try:
|
|
shutil.rmtree(thumbnail_dir)
|
|
except FileNotFoundError:
|
|
pass # If the path doesn't exist, meh
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
logger.warning("Failed to remove media: %r: %s", media_id, e)
|
|
continue
|
|
|
|
removed_media.append(media_id)
|
|
|
|
dirs = self.filepaths.url_cache_thumbnail_dirs_to_delete(media_id)
|
|
# Note that one of the directories to be deleted has already been
|
|
# removed by the `rmtree` above.
|
|
try_remove_parent_dirs(dirs)
|
|
|
|
await self.store.delete_url_cache_media(removed_media)
|
|
|
|
if removed_media:
|
|
logger.info("Deleted %d media from url cache", len(removed_media))
|
|
else:
|
|
logger.debug("No media removed from url cache")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _normalise_encoding(encoding: str) -> Optional[str]:
|
|
"""Use the Python codec's name as the normalised entry."""
|
|
try:
|
|
return codecs.lookup(encoding).name
|
|
except LookupError:
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_html_media_encodings(body: bytes, content_type: Optional[str]) -> Iterable[str]:
|
|
"""
|
|
Get potential encoding of the body based on the (presumably) HTML body or the content-type header.
|
|
|
|
The precedence used for finding a character encoding is:
|
|
|
|
1. <meta> tag with a charset declared.
|
|
2. The XML document's character encoding attribute.
|
|
3. The Content-Type header.
|
|
4. Fallback to utf-8.
|
|
5. Fallback to windows-1252.
|
|
|
|
This roughly follows the algorithm used by BeautifulSoup's bs4.dammit.EncodingDetector.
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
body: The HTML document, as bytes.
|
|
content_type: The Content-Type header.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
The character encoding of the body, as a string.
|
|
"""
|
|
# There's no point in returning an encoding more than once.
|
|
attempted_encodings: Set[str] = set()
|
|
|
|
# Limit searches to the first 1kb, since it ought to be at the top.
|
|
body_start = body[:1024]
|
|
|
|
# Check if it has an encoding set in a meta tag.
|
|
match = _charset_match.search(body_start)
|
|
if match:
|
|
encoding = _normalise_encoding(match.group(1).decode("ascii"))
|
|
if encoding:
|
|
attempted_encodings.add(encoding)
|
|
yield encoding
|
|
|
|
# TODO Support <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
|
|
|
|
# Check if it has an XML document with an encoding.
|
|
match = _xml_encoding_match.match(body_start)
|
|
if match:
|
|
encoding = _normalise_encoding(match.group(1).decode("ascii"))
|
|
if encoding and encoding not in attempted_encodings:
|
|
attempted_encodings.add(encoding)
|
|
yield encoding
|
|
|
|
# Check the HTTP Content-Type header for a character set.
|
|
if content_type:
|
|
content_match = _content_type_match.match(content_type)
|
|
if content_match:
|
|
encoding = _normalise_encoding(content_match.group(1))
|
|
if encoding and encoding not in attempted_encodings:
|
|
attempted_encodings.add(encoding)
|
|
yield encoding
|
|
|
|
# Finally, fallback to UTF-8, then windows-1252.
|
|
for fallback in ("utf-8", "cp1252"):
|
|
if fallback not in attempted_encodings:
|
|
yield fallback
|
|
|
|
|
|
def decode_body(
|
|
body: bytes, uri: str, content_type: Optional[str] = None
|
|
) -> Optional["etree.Element"]:
|
|
"""
|
|
This uses lxml to parse the HTML document.
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
body: The HTML document, as bytes.
|
|
uri: The URI used to download the body.
|
|
content_type: The Content-Type header.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
The parsed HTML body, or None if an error occurred during processed.
|
|
"""
|
|
# If there's no body, nothing useful is going to be found.
|
|
if not body:
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
# The idea here is that multiple encodings are tried until one works.
|
|
# Unfortunately the result is never used and then LXML will decode the string
|
|
# again with the found encoding.
|
|
for encoding in get_html_media_encodings(body, content_type):
|
|
try:
|
|
body.decode(encoding)
|
|
except Exception:
|
|
pass
|
|
else:
|
|
break
|
|
else:
|
|
logger.warning("Unable to decode HTML body for %s", uri)
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
from lxml import etree
|
|
|
|
# Create an HTML parser.
|
|
parser = etree.HTMLParser(recover=True, encoding=encoding)
|
|
|
|
# Attempt to parse the body. Returns None if the body was successfully
|
|
# parsed, but no tree was found.
|
|
return etree.fromstring(body, parser)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _calc_og(tree: "etree.Element", media_uri: str) -> Dict[str, Optional[str]]:
|
|
"""
|
|
Calculate metadata for an HTML document.
|
|
|
|
This uses lxml to search the HTML document for Open Graph data.
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
tree: The parsed HTML document.
|
|
media_url: The URI used to download the body.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
The Open Graph response as a dictionary.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
# if we see any image URLs in the OG response, then spider them
|
|
# (although the client could choose to do this by asking for previews of those
|
|
# URLs to avoid DoSing the server)
|
|
|
|
# "og:type" : "video",
|
|
# "og:url" : "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXDBoHyjmtw",
|
|
# "og:site_name" : "YouTube",
|
|
# "og:video:type" : "application/x-shockwave-flash",
|
|
# "og:description" : "Fun stuff happening here",
|
|
# "og:title" : "RemoteJam - Matrix team hack for Disrupt Europe Hackathon",
|
|
# "og:image" : "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/LXDBoHyjmtw/maxresdefault.jpg",
|
|
# "og:video:url" : "http://www.youtube.com/v/LXDBoHyjmtw?version=3&autohide=1",
|
|
# "og:video:width" : "1280"
|
|
# "og:video:height" : "720",
|
|
# "og:video:secure_url": "https://www.youtube.com/v/LXDBoHyjmtw?version=3",
|
|
|
|
og: Dict[str, Optional[str]] = {}
|
|
for tag in tree.xpath("//*/meta[starts-with(@property, 'og:')]"):
|
|
if "content" in tag.attrib:
|
|
# if we've got more than 50 tags, someone is taking the piss
|
|
if len(og) >= 50:
|
|
logger.warning("Skipping OG for page with too many 'og:' tags")
|
|
return {}
|
|
og[tag.attrib["property"]] = tag.attrib["content"]
|
|
|
|
# TODO: grab article: meta tags too, e.g.:
|
|
|
|
# "article:publisher" : "https://www.facebook.com/thethudonline" />
|
|
# "article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/thethudonline" />
|
|
# "article:tag" content="baby" />
|
|
# "article:section" content="Breaking News" />
|
|
# "article:published_time" content="2016-03-31T19:58:24+00:00" />
|
|
# "article:modified_time" content="2016-04-01T18:31:53+00:00" />
|
|
|
|
if "og:title" not in og:
|
|
# do some basic spidering of the HTML
|
|
title = tree.xpath("(//title)[1] | (//h1)[1] | (//h2)[1] | (//h3)[1]")
|
|
if title and title[0].text is not None:
|
|
og["og:title"] = title[0].text.strip()
|
|
else:
|
|
og["og:title"] = None
|
|
|
|
if "og:image" not in og:
|
|
# TODO: extract a favicon failing all else
|
|
meta_image = tree.xpath(
|
|
"//*/meta[translate(@itemprop, 'IMAGE', 'image')='image']/@content"
|
|
)
|
|
if meta_image:
|
|
og["og:image"] = _rebase_url(meta_image[0], media_uri)
|
|
else:
|
|
# TODO: consider inlined CSS styles as well as width & height attribs
|
|
images = tree.xpath("//img[@src][number(@width)>10][number(@height)>10]")
|
|
images = sorted(
|
|
images,
|
|
key=lambda i: (
|
|
-1 * float(i.attrib["width"]) * float(i.attrib["height"])
|
|
),
|
|
)
|
|
if not images:
|
|
images = tree.xpath("//img[@src]")
|
|
if images:
|
|
og["og:image"] = images[0].attrib["src"]
|
|
|
|
if "og:description" not in og:
|
|
meta_description = tree.xpath(
|
|
"//*/meta"
|
|
"[translate(@name, 'DESCRIPTION', 'description')='description']"
|
|
"/@content"
|
|
)
|
|
if meta_description:
|
|
og["og:description"] = meta_description[0]
|
|
else:
|
|
og["og:description"] = _calc_description(tree)
|
|
elif og["og:description"]:
|
|
# This must be a non-empty string at this point.
|
|
assert isinstance(og["og:description"], str)
|
|
og["og:description"] = summarize_paragraphs([og["og:description"]])
|
|
|
|
# TODO: delete the url downloads to stop diskfilling,
|
|
# as we only ever cared about its OG
|
|
return og
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _calc_description(tree: "etree.Element") -> Optional[str]:
|
|
"""
|
|
Calculate a text description based on an HTML document.
|
|
|
|
Grabs any text nodes which are inside the <body/> tag, unless they are within
|
|
an HTML5 semantic markup tag (<header/>, <nav/>, <aside/>, <footer/>), or
|
|
if they are within a <script/> or <style/> tag.
|
|
|
|
This is a very very very coarse approximation to a plain text render of the page.
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
tree: The parsed HTML document.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
The plain text description, or None if one cannot be generated.
|
|
"""
|
|
# We don't just use XPATH here as that is slow on some machines.
|
|
|
|
from lxml import etree
|
|
|
|
TAGS_TO_REMOVE = (
|
|
"header",
|
|
"nav",
|
|
"aside",
|
|
"footer",
|
|
"script",
|
|
"noscript",
|
|
"style",
|
|
etree.Comment,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
# Split all the text nodes into paragraphs (by splitting on new
|
|
# lines)
|
|
text_nodes = (
|
|
re.sub(r"\s+", "\n", el).strip()
|
|
for el in _iterate_over_text(tree.find("body"), *TAGS_TO_REMOVE)
|
|
)
|
|
return summarize_paragraphs(text_nodes)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _iterate_over_text(
|
|
tree: "etree.Element", *tags_to_ignore: Iterable[Union[str, "etree.Comment"]]
|
|
) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
|
|
"""Iterate over the tree returning text nodes in a depth first fashion,
|
|
skipping text nodes inside certain tags.
|
|
"""
|
|
# This is basically a stack that we extend using itertools.chain.
|
|
# This will either consist of an element to iterate over *or* a string
|
|
# to be returned.
|
|
elements = iter([tree])
|
|
while True:
|
|
el = next(elements, None)
|
|
if el is None:
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
if isinstance(el, str):
|
|
yield el
|
|
elif el.tag not in tags_to_ignore:
|
|
# el.text is the text before the first child, so we can immediately
|
|
# return it if the text exists.
|
|
if el.text:
|
|
yield el.text
|
|
|
|
# We add to the stack all the elements children, interspersed with
|
|
# each child's tail text (if it exists). The tail text of a node
|
|
# is text that comes *after* the node, so we always include it even
|
|
# if we ignore the child node.
|
|
elements = itertools.chain(
|
|
itertools.chain.from_iterable( # Basically a flatmap
|
|
[child, child.tail] if child.tail else [child]
|
|
for child in el.iterchildren()
|
|
),
|
|
elements,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _rebase_url(url: str, base: str) -> str:
|
|
base_parts = list(urlparse.urlparse(base))
|
|
url_parts = list(urlparse.urlparse(url))
|
|
if not url_parts[0]: # fix up schema
|
|
url_parts[0] = base_parts[0] or "http"
|
|
if not url_parts[1]: # fix up hostname
|
|
url_parts[1] = base_parts[1]
|
|
if not url_parts[2].startswith("/"):
|
|
url_parts[2] = re.sub(r"/[^/]+$", "/", base_parts[2]) + url_parts[2]
|
|
return urlparse.urlunparse(url_parts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _is_media(content_type: str) -> bool:
|
|
return content_type.lower().startswith("image/")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _is_html(content_type: str) -> bool:
|
|
content_type = content_type.lower()
|
|
return content_type.startswith("text/html") or content_type.startswith(
|
|
"application/xhtml"
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _is_json(content_type: str) -> bool:
|
|
return content_type.lower().startswith("application/json")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def summarize_paragraphs(
|
|
text_nodes: Iterable[str], min_size: int = 200, max_size: int = 500
|
|
) -> Optional[str]:
|
|
"""
|
|
Try to get a summary respecting first paragraph and then word boundaries.
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
text_nodes: The paragraphs to summarize.
|
|
min_size: The minimum number of words to include.
|
|
max_size: The maximum number of words to include.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
A summary of the text nodes, or None if that was not possible.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
# TODO: Respect sentences?
|
|
|
|
description = ""
|
|
|
|
# Keep adding paragraphs until we get to the MIN_SIZE.
|
|
for text_node in text_nodes:
|
|
if len(description) < min_size:
|
|
text_node = re.sub(r"[\t \r\n]+", " ", text_node)
|
|
description += text_node + "\n\n"
|
|
else:
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
description = description.strip()
|
|
description = re.sub(r"[\t ]+", " ", description)
|
|
description = re.sub(r"[\t \r\n]*[\r\n]+", "\n\n", description)
|
|
|
|
# If the concatenation of paragraphs to get above MIN_SIZE
|
|
# took us over MAX_SIZE, then we need to truncate mid paragraph
|
|
if len(description) > max_size:
|
|
new_desc = ""
|
|
|
|
# This splits the paragraph into words, but keeping the
|
|
# (preceding) whitespace intact so we can easily concat
|
|
# words back together.
|
|
for match in re.finditer(r"\s*\S+", description):
|
|
word = match.group()
|
|
|
|
# Keep adding words while the total length is less than
|
|
# MAX_SIZE.
|
|
if len(word) + len(new_desc) < max_size:
|
|
new_desc += word
|
|
else:
|
|
# At this point the next word *will* take us over
|
|
# MAX_SIZE, but we also want to ensure that its not
|
|
# a huge word. If it is add it anyway and we'll
|
|
# truncate later.
|
|
if len(new_desc) < min_size:
|
|
new_desc += word
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
# Double check that we're not over the limit
|
|
if len(new_desc) > max_size:
|
|
new_desc = new_desc[:max_size]
|
|
|
|
# We always add an ellipsis because at the very least
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# we chopped mid paragraph.
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description = new_desc.strip() + "…"
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return description if description else None
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