forked-synapse/synapse/media/thumbnailer.py

799 lines
30 KiB
Python

#
# This file is licensed under the Affero General Public License (AGPL) version 3.
#
# Copyright 2020-2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
# Copyright (C) 2023 New Vector, Ltd
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
# License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details:
# <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html>.
#
# Originally licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0:
# <http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>.
#
# [This file includes modifications made by New Vector Limited]
#
#
import logging
from io import BytesIO
from types import TracebackType
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Optional, Tuple, Type
from PIL import Image
from synapse.api.errors import Codes, NotFoundError, SynapseError, cs_error
from synapse.config.repository import THUMBNAIL_SUPPORTED_MEDIA_FORMAT_MAP
from synapse.http.server import respond_with_json
from synapse.http.site import SynapseRequest
from synapse.logging.opentracing import trace
from synapse.media._base import (
FileInfo,
ThumbnailInfo,
respond_404,
respond_with_file,
respond_with_multipart_responder,
respond_with_responder,
)
from synapse.media.media_storage import FileResponder, MediaStorage
from synapse.storage.databases.main.media_repository import LocalMedia
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from synapse.media.media_repository import MediaRepository
from synapse.server import HomeServer
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
EXIF_ORIENTATION_TAG = 0x0112
EXIF_TRANSPOSE_MAPPINGS = {
2: Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT,
3: Image.ROTATE_180,
4: Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM,
5: Image.TRANSPOSE,
6: Image.ROTATE_270,
7: Image.TRANSVERSE,
8: Image.ROTATE_90,
}
class ThumbnailError(Exception):
"""An error occurred generating a thumbnail."""
class Thumbnailer:
FORMATS = {"image/jpeg": "JPEG", "image/png": "PNG", "image/webp": "WEBP"}
@staticmethod
def set_limits(max_image_pixels: int) -> None:
Image.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS = max_image_pixels
def __init__(self, input_path: str):
# Have we closed the image?
self._closed = False
try:
self.image = Image.open(input_path)
except OSError as e:
# If an error occurs opening the image, a thumbnail won't be able to
# be generated.
raise ThumbnailError from e
except Image.DecompressionBombError as e:
# If an image decompression bomb error occurs opening the image,
# then the image exceeds the pixel limit and a thumbnail won't
# be able to be generated.
raise ThumbnailError from e
self.width, self.height = self.image.size
self.transpose_method = None
try:
# We don't use ImageOps.exif_transpose since it crashes with big EXIF
#
# Ignore safety: Pillow seems to acknowledge that this method is
# "private, experimental, but generally widely used". Pillow 6
# includes a public getexif() method (no underscore) that we might
# consider using instead when we can bump that dependency.
#
# At the time of writing, Debian buster (currently oldstable)
# provides version 5.4.1. It's expected to EOL in mid-2022, see
# https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases#Production_Releases
image_exif = self.image._getexif() # type: ignore
if image_exif is not None:
image_orientation = image_exif.get(EXIF_ORIENTATION_TAG)
assert type(image_orientation) is int # noqa: E721
self.transpose_method = EXIF_TRANSPOSE_MAPPINGS.get(image_orientation)
except Exception as e:
# A lot of parsing errors can happen when parsing EXIF
logger.info("Error parsing image EXIF information: %s", e)
@trace
def transpose(self) -> Tuple[int, int]:
"""Transpose the image using its EXIF Orientation tag
Returns:
A tuple containing the new image size in pixels as (width, height).
"""
if self.transpose_method is not None:
# Safety: `transpose` takes an int rather than e.g. an IntEnum.
# self.transpose_method is set above to be a value in
# EXIF_TRANSPOSE_MAPPINGS, and that only contains correct values.
with self.image:
self.image = self.image.transpose(self.transpose_method) # type: ignore[arg-type]
self.width, self.height = self.image.size
self.transpose_method = None
# We don't need EXIF any more
self.image.info["exif"] = None
return self.image.size
def aspect(self, max_width: int, max_height: int) -> Tuple[int, int]:
"""Calculate the largest size that preserves aspect ratio which
fits within the given rectangle::
(w_in / h_in) = (w_out / h_out)
w_out = max(min(w_max, h_max * (w_in / h_in)), 1)
h_out = max(min(h_max, w_max * (h_in / w_in)), 1)
Args:
max_width: The largest possible width.
max_height: The largest possible height.
"""
if max_width * self.height < max_height * self.width:
return max_width, max((max_width * self.height) // self.width, 1)
else:
return max((max_height * self.width) // self.height, 1), max_height
def _resize(self, width: int, height: int) -> Image.Image:
# 1-bit or 8-bit color palette images need converting to RGB
# otherwise they will be scaled using nearest neighbour which
# looks awful.
#
# If the image has transparency, use RGBA instead.
if self.image.mode in ["1", "L", "P"]:
if self.image.info.get("transparency", None) is not None:
with self.image:
self.image = self.image.convert("RGBA")
else:
with self.image:
self.image = self.image.convert("RGB")
return self.image.resize((width, height), Image.LANCZOS)
@trace
def scale(self, width: int, height: int, output_type: str) -> BytesIO:
"""Rescales the image to the given dimensions.
Returns:
The bytes of the encoded image ready to be written to disk
"""
with self._resize(width, height) as scaled:
return self._encode_image(scaled, output_type)
@trace
def crop(self, width: int, height: int, output_type: str) -> BytesIO:
"""Rescales and crops the image to the given dimensions preserving
aspect::
(w_in / h_in) = (w_scaled / h_scaled)
w_scaled = max(w_out, h_out * (w_in / h_in))
h_scaled = max(h_out, w_out * (h_in / w_in))
Args:
max_width: The largest possible width.
max_height: The largest possible height.
Returns:
The bytes of the encoded image ready to be written to disk
"""
if width * self.height > height * self.width:
scaled_width = width
scaled_height = (width * self.height) // self.width
crop_top = (scaled_height - height) // 2
crop_bottom = height + crop_top
crop = (0, crop_top, width, crop_bottom)
else:
scaled_width = (height * self.width) // self.height
scaled_height = height
crop_left = (scaled_width - width) // 2
crop_right = width + crop_left
crop = (crop_left, 0, crop_right, height)
with self._resize(scaled_width, scaled_height) as scaled_image:
with scaled_image.crop(crop) as cropped:
return self._encode_image(cropped, output_type)
def _encode_image(self, output_image: Image.Image, output_type: str) -> BytesIO:
output_bytes_io = BytesIO()
fmt = self.FORMATS[output_type]
if fmt == "JPEG":
output_image = output_image.convert("RGB")
output_image.save(output_bytes_io, fmt, quality=80)
return output_bytes_io
def close(self) -> None:
"""Closes the underlying image file.
Once closed no other functions can be called.
Can be called multiple times.
"""
if self._closed:
return
self._closed = True
# Since we run this on the finalizer then we need to handle `__init__`
# raising an exception before it can define `self.image`.
image = getattr(self, "image", None)
if image is None:
return
image.close()
def __enter__(self) -> "Thumbnailer":
"""Make `Thumbnailer` a context manager that calls `close` on
`__exit__`.
"""
return self
def __exit__(
self,
type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
value: Optional[BaseException],
traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
) -> None:
self.close()
def __del__(self) -> None:
# Make sure we actually do close the image, rather than leak data.
self.close()
class ThumbnailProvider:
def __init__(
self,
hs: "HomeServer",
media_repo: "MediaRepository",
media_storage: MediaStorage,
):
self.hs = hs
self.reactor = hs.get_reactor()
self.media_repo = media_repo
self.media_storage = media_storage
self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
self.dynamic_thumbnails = hs.config.media.dynamic_thumbnails
async def respond_local_thumbnail(
self,
request: SynapseRequest,
media_id: str,
width: int,
height: int,
method: str,
m_type: str,
max_timeout_ms: int,
for_federation: bool,
allow_authenticated: bool = True,
) -> None:
media_info = await self.media_repo.get_local_media_info(
request, media_id, max_timeout_ms
)
if not media_info:
return
# if the media the thumbnail is generated from is authenticated, don't serve the
# thumbnail over an unauthenticated endpoint
if self.hs.config.media.enable_authenticated_media and not allow_authenticated:
if media_info.authenticated:
raise NotFoundError()
thumbnail_infos = await self.store.get_local_media_thumbnails(media_id)
await self._select_and_respond_with_thumbnail(
request,
width,
height,
method,
m_type,
thumbnail_infos,
media_id,
media_id,
url_cache=bool(media_info.url_cache),
server_name=None,
for_federation=for_federation,
media_info=media_info,
)
async def select_or_generate_local_thumbnail(
self,
request: SynapseRequest,
media_id: str,
desired_width: int,
desired_height: int,
desired_method: str,
desired_type: str,
max_timeout_ms: int,
for_federation: bool,
allow_authenticated: bool = True,
) -> None:
media_info = await self.media_repo.get_local_media_info(
request, media_id, max_timeout_ms
)
if not media_info:
return
# if the media the thumbnail is generated from is authenticated, don't serve the
# thumbnail over an unauthenticated endpoint
if self.hs.config.media.enable_authenticated_media and not allow_authenticated:
if media_info.authenticated:
raise NotFoundError()
thumbnail_infos = await self.store.get_local_media_thumbnails(media_id)
for info in thumbnail_infos:
t_w = info.width == desired_width
t_h = info.height == desired_height
t_method = info.method == desired_method
t_type = info.type == desired_type
if t_w and t_h and t_method and t_type:
file_info = FileInfo(
server_name=None,
file_id=media_id,
url_cache=bool(media_info.url_cache),
thumbnail=info,
)
responder = await self.media_storage.fetch_media(file_info)
if responder:
if for_federation:
await respond_with_multipart_responder(
self.hs.get_clock(), request, responder, media_info
)
return
else:
await respond_with_responder(
request, responder, info.type, info.length
)
return
logger.debug("We don't have a thumbnail of that size. Generating")
# Okay, so we generate one.
file_path = await self.media_repo.generate_local_exact_thumbnail(
media_id,
desired_width,
desired_height,
desired_method,
desired_type,
url_cache=bool(media_info.url_cache),
)
if file_path:
if for_federation:
await respond_with_multipart_responder(
self.hs.get_clock(),
request,
FileResponder(self.hs, open(file_path, "rb")),
media_info,
)
else:
await respond_with_file(self.hs, request, desired_type, file_path)
else:
logger.warning("Failed to generate thumbnail")
raise SynapseError(400, "Failed to generate thumbnail.")
async def select_or_generate_remote_thumbnail(
self,
request: SynapseRequest,
server_name: str,
media_id: str,
desired_width: int,
desired_height: int,
desired_method: str,
desired_type: str,
max_timeout_ms: int,
ip_address: str,
use_federation: bool,
allow_authenticated: bool = True,
) -> None:
media_info = await self.media_repo.get_remote_media_info(
server_name,
media_id,
max_timeout_ms,
ip_address,
use_federation,
allow_authenticated,
)
if not media_info:
respond_404(request)
return
# if the media the thumbnail is generated from is authenticated, don't serve the
# thumbnail over an unauthenticated endpoint
if self.hs.config.media.enable_authenticated_media and not allow_authenticated:
if media_info.authenticated:
respond_404(request)
return
thumbnail_infos = await self.store.get_remote_media_thumbnails(
server_name, media_id
)
file_id = media_info.filesystem_id
for info in thumbnail_infos:
t_w = info.width == desired_width
t_h = info.height == desired_height
t_method = info.method == desired_method
t_type = info.type == desired_type
if t_w and t_h and t_method and t_type:
file_info = FileInfo(
server_name=server_name,
file_id=file_id,
thumbnail=info,
)
responder = await self.media_storage.fetch_media(file_info)
if responder:
await respond_with_responder(
request, responder, info.type, info.length
)
return
logger.debug("We don't have a thumbnail of that size. Generating")
# Okay, so we generate one.
file_path = await self.media_repo.generate_remote_exact_thumbnail(
server_name,
file_id,
media_id,
desired_width,
desired_height,
desired_method,
desired_type,
)
if file_path:
await respond_with_file(self.hs, request, desired_type, file_path)
else:
logger.warning("Failed to generate thumbnail")
raise SynapseError(400, "Failed to generate thumbnail.")
async def respond_remote_thumbnail(
self,
request: SynapseRequest,
server_name: str,
media_id: str,
width: int,
height: int,
method: str,
m_type: str,
max_timeout_ms: int,
ip_address: str,
use_federation: bool,
allow_authenticated: bool = True,
) -> None:
# TODO: Don't download the whole remote file
# We should proxy the thumbnail from the remote server instead of
# downloading the remote file and generating our own thumbnails.
media_info = await self.media_repo.get_remote_media_info(
server_name,
media_id,
max_timeout_ms,
ip_address,
use_federation,
allow_authenticated,
)
if not media_info:
return
# if the media the thumbnail is generated from is authenticated, don't serve the
# thumbnail over an unauthenticated endpoint
if self.hs.config.media.enable_authenticated_media and not allow_authenticated:
if media_info.authenticated:
raise NotFoundError()
thumbnail_infos = await self.store.get_remote_media_thumbnails(
server_name, media_id
)
await self._select_and_respond_with_thumbnail(
request,
width,
height,
method,
m_type,
thumbnail_infos,
media_id,
media_info.filesystem_id,
url_cache=False,
server_name=server_name,
for_federation=False,
)
async def _select_and_respond_with_thumbnail(
self,
request: SynapseRequest,
desired_width: int,
desired_height: int,
desired_method: str,
desired_type: str,
thumbnail_infos: List[ThumbnailInfo],
media_id: str,
file_id: str,
url_cache: bool,
for_federation: bool,
media_info: Optional[LocalMedia] = None,
server_name: Optional[str] = None,
) -> None:
"""
Respond to a request with an appropriate thumbnail from the previously generated thumbnails.
Args:
request: The incoming request.
desired_width: The desired width, the returned thumbnail may be larger than this.
desired_height: The desired height, the returned thumbnail may be larger than this.
desired_method: The desired method used to generate the thumbnail.
desired_type: The desired content-type of the thumbnail.
thumbnail_infos: A list of thumbnail info of candidate thumbnails.
file_id: The ID of the media that a thumbnail is being requested for.
url_cache: True if this is from a URL cache.
server_name: The server name, if this is a remote thumbnail.
for_federation: whether the request is from the federation /thumbnail request
media_info: metadata about the media being requested.
"""
logger.debug(
"_select_and_respond_with_thumbnail: media_id=%s desired=%sx%s (%s) thumbnail_infos=%s",
media_id,
desired_width,
desired_height,
desired_method,
thumbnail_infos,
)
# If `dynamic_thumbnails` is enabled, we expect Synapse to go down a
# different code path to handle it.
assert not self.dynamic_thumbnails
if thumbnail_infos:
file_info = self._select_thumbnail(
desired_width,
desired_height,
desired_method,
desired_type,
thumbnail_infos,
file_id,
url_cache,
server_name,
)
if not file_info:
logger.info("Couldn't find a thumbnail matching the desired inputs")
respond_404(request)
return
# The thumbnail property must exist.
assert file_info.thumbnail is not None
responder = await self.media_storage.fetch_media(file_info)
if responder:
if for_federation:
assert media_info is not None
await respond_with_multipart_responder(
self.hs.get_clock(), request, responder, media_info
)
return
else:
await respond_with_responder(
request,
responder,
file_info.thumbnail.type,
file_info.thumbnail.length,
)
return
# If we can't find the thumbnail we regenerate it. This can happen
# if e.g. we've deleted the thumbnails but still have the original
# image somewhere.
#
# Since we have an entry for the thumbnail in the DB we a) know we
# have have successfully generated the thumbnail in the past (so we
# don't need to worry about repeatedly failing to generate
# thumbnails), and b) have already calculated that appropriate
# width/height/method so we can just call the "generate exact"
# methods.
# First let's check that we do actually have the original image
# still. This will throw a 404 if we don't.
# TODO: We should refetch the thumbnails for remote media.
await self.media_storage.ensure_media_is_in_local_cache(
FileInfo(server_name, file_id, url_cache=url_cache)
)
if server_name:
await self.media_repo.generate_remote_exact_thumbnail(
server_name,
file_id=file_id,
media_id=media_id,
t_width=file_info.thumbnail.width,
t_height=file_info.thumbnail.height,
t_method=file_info.thumbnail.method,
t_type=file_info.thumbnail.type,
)
else:
await self.media_repo.generate_local_exact_thumbnail(
media_id=media_id,
t_width=file_info.thumbnail.width,
t_height=file_info.thumbnail.height,
t_method=file_info.thumbnail.method,
t_type=file_info.thumbnail.type,
url_cache=url_cache,
)
responder = await self.media_storage.fetch_media(file_info)
if for_federation:
assert media_info is not None
await respond_with_multipart_responder(
self.hs.get_clock(), request, responder, media_info
)
else:
await respond_with_responder(
request,
responder,
file_info.thumbnail.type,
file_info.thumbnail.length,
)
else:
# This might be because:
# 1. We can't create thumbnails for the given media (corrupted or
# unsupported file type), or
# 2. The thumbnailing process never ran or errored out initially
# when the media was first uploaded (these bugs should be
# reported and fixed).
# Note that we don't attempt to generate a thumbnail now because
# `dynamic_thumbnails` is disabled.
logger.info("Failed to find any generated thumbnails")
assert request.path is not None
respond_with_json(
request,
400,
cs_error(
"Cannot find any thumbnails for the requested media ('%s'). This might mean the media is not a supported_media_format=(%s) or that thumbnailing failed for some other reason. (Dynamic thumbnails are disabled on this server.)"
% (
request.path.decode(),
", ".join(THUMBNAIL_SUPPORTED_MEDIA_FORMAT_MAP.keys()),
),
code=Codes.UNKNOWN,
),
send_cors=True,
)
def _select_thumbnail(
self,
desired_width: int,
desired_height: int,
desired_method: str,
desired_type: str,
thumbnail_infos: List[ThumbnailInfo],
file_id: str,
url_cache: bool,
server_name: Optional[str],
) -> Optional[FileInfo]:
"""
Choose an appropriate thumbnail from the previously generated thumbnails.
Args:
desired_width: The desired width, the returned thumbnail may be larger than this.
desired_height: The desired height, the returned thumbnail may be larger than this.
desired_method: The desired method used to generate the thumbnail.
desired_type: The desired content-type of the thumbnail.
thumbnail_infos: A list of thumbnail infos of candidate thumbnails.
file_id: The ID of the media that a thumbnail is being requested for.
url_cache: True if this is from a URL cache.
server_name: The server name, if this is a remote thumbnail.
Returns:
The thumbnail which best matches the desired parameters.
"""
desired_method = desired_method.lower()
# The chosen thumbnail.
thumbnail_info = None
d_w = desired_width
d_h = desired_height
if desired_method == "crop":
# Thumbnails that match equal or larger sizes of desired width/height.
crop_info_list: List[
Tuple[int, int, int, bool, Optional[int], ThumbnailInfo]
] = []
# Other thumbnails.
crop_info_list2: List[
Tuple[int, int, int, bool, Optional[int], ThumbnailInfo]
] = []
for info in thumbnail_infos:
# Skip thumbnails generated with different methods.
if info.method != "crop":
continue
t_w = info.width
t_h = info.height
aspect_quality = abs(d_w * t_h - d_h * t_w)
min_quality = 0 if d_w <= t_w and d_h <= t_h else 1
size_quality = abs((d_w - t_w) * (d_h - t_h))
type_quality = desired_type != info.type
length_quality = info.length
if t_w >= d_w or t_h >= d_h:
crop_info_list.append(
(
aspect_quality,
min_quality,
size_quality,
type_quality,
length_quality,
info,
)
)
else:
crop_info_list2.append(
(
aspect_quality,
min_quality,
size_quality,
type_quality,
length_quality,
info,
)
)
# Pick the most appropriate thumbnail. Some values of `desired_width` and
# `desired_height` may result in a tie, in which case we avoid comparing on
# the thumbnail info and pick the thumbnail that appears earlier
# in the list of candidates.
if crop_info_list:
thumbnail_info = min(crop_info_list, key=lambda t: t[:-1])[-1]
elif crop_info_list2:
thumbnail_info = min(crop_info_list2, key=lambda t: t[:-1])[-1]
elif desired_method == "scale":
# Thumbnails that match equal or larger sizes of desired width/height.
info_list: List[Tuple[int, bool, int, ThumbnailInfo]] = []
# Other thumbnails.
info_list2: List[Tuple[int, bool, int, ThumbnailInfo]] = []
for info in thumbnail_infos:
# Skip thumbnails generated with different methods.
if info.method != "scale":
continue
t_w = info.width
t_h = info.height
size_quality = abs((d_w - t_w) * (d_h - t_h))
type_quality = desired_type != info.type
length_quality = info.length
if t_w >= d_w or t_h >= d_h:
info_list.append((size_quality, type_quality, length_quality, info))
else:
info_list2.append(
(size_quality, type_quality, length_quality, info)
)
# Pick the most appropriate thumbnail. Some values of `desired_width` and
# `desired_height` may result in a tie, in which case we avoid comparing on
# the thumbnail info and pick the thumbnail that appears earlier
# in the list of candidates.
if info_list:
thumbnail_info = min(info_list, key=lambda t: t[:-1])[-1]
elif info_list2:
thumbnail_info = min(info_list2, key=lambda t: t[:-1])[-1]
if thumbnail_info:
return FileInfo(
file_id=file_id,
url_cache=url_cache,
server_name=server_name,
thumbnail=thumbnail_info,
)
# No matching thumbnail was found.
return None