diff --git a/changelog.d/14799.bugfix b/changelog.d/14799.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc867bd93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/14799.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add index to improve performance of the `/timestamp_to_event` endpoint used for jumping to a specific date in the timeline of a room.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py
index 9e31798ab..b9d3c36d6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ class _BackgroundUpdates:
 
     EVENTS_POPULATE_STATE_KEY_REJECTIONS = "events_populate_state_key_rejections"
 
+    EVENTS_JUMP_TO_DATE_INDEX = "events_jump_to_date_index"
+
 
 @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
 class _CalculateChainCover:
@@ -260,6 +262,16 @@ class EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
             self._background_events_populate_state_key_rejections,
         )
 
+        # Add an index that would be useful for jumping to date using
+        # get_event_id_for_timestamp.
+        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_index_update(
+            _BackgroundUpdates.EVENTS_JUMP_TO_DATE_INDEX,
+            index_name="events_jump_to_date_idx",
+            table="events",
+            columns=["room_id", "origin_server_ts"],
+            where_clause="NOT outlier",
+        )
+
     async def _background_reindex_fields_sender(
         self, progress: JsonDict, batch_size: int
     ) -> int:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/24_events_jump_to_date_index.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/24_events_jump_to_date_index.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..67059909a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/24_events_jump_to_date_index.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* Copyright 2023 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+INSERT INTO background_updates (ordering, update_name, progress_json) VALUES
+  (7324, 'events_jump_to_date_index', '{}');