diff --git a/changelog.d/15391.bugfix b/changelog.d/15391.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..22b3bfe66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/15391.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix the `set_device_id_for_pushers_txn` background update crash.
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
index aeb6034f4..87e28e22d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ class PusherBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
             )
 
             self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
-                txn, "set_device_id_for_pushers", {"pusher_id": rows[-1]["id"]}
+                txn, "set_device_id_for_pushers", {"pusher_id": rows[-1]["pusher_id"]}
             )
 
             return len(rows)