Add basic opentracing support (#5544)

* Configure and initialise tracer

Includes config options for the tracer and sets up JaegerClient.

* Scope manager using LogContexts

We piggy-back our tracer scopes by using log context.
The current log context gives us the current scope. If new scope is
created we create a stack of scopes in the context.

* jaeger is a dependency now

* Carrier inject and extraction for Twisted Headers

* Trace federation requests on the way in and out.

The span is created in _started_processing and closed in
_finished_processing because we need a meaningful log context.

* Create logcontext for new scope.

Instead of having a stack of scopes in a logcontext we create a new
context for a new scope if the current logcontext already has a scope.

* Remove scope from logcontext if logcontext is top level

* Disable tracer if not configured

* typo

* Remove dependence on jaeger internals

* bools

* Set service name

* :Explicitely state that the tracer is disabled

* Black is the new black

* Newsfile

* Code style

* Use the new config setup.

* Generate config.

* Copyright

* Rename config to opentracing

* Remove user whitelisting

* Empty whitelist by default

* User ConfigError instead of RuntimeError

* Use isinstance

* Use tag constants for opentracing.

* Remove debug comment and no need to explicitely record error

* Two errors a "s(c)entry"

* Docstrings!

* Remove debugging brainslip

* Homeserver Whitlisting

* Better opentracing config comment

* linting

* Inclue worker name in service_name

* Make opentracing an optional dependency

* Neater config retreival

* Clean up dummy tags

* Instantiate tracing as object instead of global class

* Inlcude opentracing as a homeserver member.

* Thread opentracing to the request level

* Reference opetnracing through hs

* Instantiate dummy opentracin g for tests.

* About to revert, just keeping the unfinished changes just in case

* Revert back to global state, commit number:

9ce4a3d9067bf9889b86c360c05ac88618b85c4f

* Use class level methods in tracerutils

* Start and stop requests spans in a place where we
have access to the authenticated entity

* Seen it, isort it

* Make sure to close the active span.

* I'm getting black and blue from this.

* Logger formatting

Co-Authored-By: Erik Johnston <erik@matrix.org>

* Outdated comment

* Import opentracing at the top

* Return a contextmanager

* Start tracing client requests from the servlet

* Return noop context manager if not tracing

* Explicitely say that these are federation requests

* Include servlet name in client requests

* Use context manager

* Move opentracing to logging/

* Seen it, isort it again!

* Ignore twisted return exceptions on context exit

* Escape the scope

* Scopes should be entered to make them useful.

* Nicer decorator names

* Just one init, init?

* Don't need to close something that isn't open

* Docs make you smarter
This commit is contained in:
Jorik Schellekens 2019-07-11 10:36:03 +01:00 committed by GitHub
parent 1890cfcf82
commit 38a6d3eea7
No known key found for this signature in database
GPG Key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
12 changed files with 633 additions and 12 deletions

1
changelog.d/5544.misc Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
Added opentracing and configuration options.

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@ -1395,3 +1395,20 @@ password_config:
# module: "my_custom_project.SuperRulesSet"
# config:
# example_option: 'things'
## Opentracing ##
# These settings enable opentracing which implements distributed tracing
# This allows you to observe the causal chain of events across servers
# including requests, key lookups etc. across any server running
# synapse or any other other services which supports opentracing.
# (specifically those implemented with jaeger)
#opentracing:
# # Enable / disable tracer
# tracer_enabled: false
# # The list of homeservers we wish to expose our current traces to.
# # The list is a list of regexes which are matched against the
# # servername of the homeserver
# homeserver_whitelist:
# - ".*"

View File

@ -243,6 +243,9 @@ def start(hs, listeners=None):
# Load the certificate from disk.
refresh_certificate(hs)
# Start the tracer
synapse.logging.opentracing.init_tracer(hs.config)
# It is now safe to start your Synapse.
hs.start_listening(listeners)
hs.get_datastore().start_profiling()

View File

@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ from .spam_checker import SpamCheckerConfig
from .stats import StatsConfig
from .third_party_event_rules import ThirdPartyRulesConfig
from .tls import TlsConfig
from .tracer import TracerConfig
from .user_directory import UserDirectoryConfig
from .voip import VoipConfig
from .workers import WorkerConfig
@ -75,5 +76,6 @@ class HomeServerConfig(
ServerNoticesConfig,
RoomDirectoryConfig,
ThirdPartyRulesConfig,
TracerConfig,
):
pass

50
synapse/config/tracer.py Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.d
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from ._base import Config, ConfigError
class TracerConfig(Config):
def read_config(self, config, **kwargs):
self.tracer_config = config.get("opentracing")
self.tracer_config = config.get("opentracing", {"tracer_enabled": False})
if self.tracer_config.get("tracer_enabled", False):
# The tracer is enabled so sanitize the config
# If no whitelists are given
self.tracer_config.setdefault("homeserver_whitelist", [])
if not isinstance(self.tracer_config.get("homeserver_whitelist"), list):
raise ConfigError("Tracer homesererver_whitelist config is malformed")
def generate_config_section(cls, **kwargs):
return """\
## Opentracing ##
# These settings enable opentracing which implements distributed tracing
# This allows you to observe the causal chain of events across servers
# including requests, key lookups etc. across any server running
# synapse or any other other services which supports opentracing.
# (specifically those implemented with jaeger)
#opentracing:
# # Enable / disable tracer
# tracer_enabled: false
# # The list of homeservers we wish to expose our current traces to.
# # The list is a list of regexes which are matched against the
# # servername of the homeserver
# homeserver_whitelist:
# - ".*"
"""

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@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import re
from twisted.internet import defer
import synapse
import synapse.logging.opentracing as opentracing
from synapse.api.errors import Codes, FederationDeniedError, SynapseError
from synapse.api.room_versions import RoomVersions
from synapse.api.urls import (
@ -288,14 +289,29 @@ class BaseFederationServlet(object):
logger.warn("authenticate_request failed: %s", e)
raise
if origin:
with ratelimiter.ratelimit(origin) as d:
yield d
# Start an opentracing span
with opentracing.start_active_span_from_context(
request.requestHeaders,
"incoming-federation-request",
tags={
"request_id": request.get_request_id(),
opentracing.tags.SPAN_KIND: opentracing.tags.SPAN_KIND_RPC_SERVER,
opentracing.tags.HTTP_METHOD: request.get_method(),
opentracing.tags.HTTP_URL: request.get_redacted_uri(),
opentracing.tags.PEER_HOST_IPV6: request.getClientIP(),
"authenticated_entity": origin,
},
):
if origin:
with ratelimiter.ratelimit(origin) as d:
yield d
response = yield func(
origin, content, request.args, *args, **kwargs
)
else:
response = yield func(
origin, content, request.args, *args, **kwargs
)
else:
response = yield func(origin, content, request.args, *args, **kwargs)
defer.returnValue(response)

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@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ from twisted.internet.task import _EPSILON, Cooperator
from twisted.web._newclient import ResponseDone
from twisted.web.http_headers import Headers
import synapse.logging.opentracing as opentracing
import synapse.metrics
import synapse.util.retryutils
from synapse.api.errors import (
@ -339,9 +340,25 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient(object):
else:
query_bytes = b""
headers_dict = {b"User-Agent": [self.version_string_bytes]}
# Retreive current span
scope = opentracing.start_active_span(
"outgoing-federation-request",
tags={
opentracing.tags.SPAN_KIND: opentracing.tags.SPAN_KIND_RPC_CLIENT,
opentracing.tags.PEER_ADDRESS: request.destination,
opentracing.tags.HTTP_METHOD: request.method,
opentracing.tags.HTTP_URL: request.path,
},
finish_on_close=True,
)
with limiter:
# Inject the span into the headers
headers_dict = {}
opentracing.inject_active_span_byte_dict(headers_dict, request.destination)
headers_dict[b"User-Agent"] = [self.version_string_bytes]
with limiter, scope:
# XXX: Would be much nicer to retry only at the transaction-layer
# (once we have reliable transactions in place)
if long_retries:
@ -419,6 +436,10 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient(object):
response.phrase.decode("ascii", errors="replace"),
)
opentracing.set_tag(
opentracing.tags.HTTP_STATUS_CODE, response.code
)
if 200 <= response.code < 300:
pass
else:
@ -499,8 +520,7 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient(object):
_flatten_response_never_received(e),
)
raise
defer.returnValue(response)
defer.returnValue(response)
def build_auth_headers(
self, destination, method, url_bytes, content=None, destination_is=None

View File

@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import logging
from canonicaljson import json
from synapse.api.errors import Codes, SynapseError
from synapse.logging.opentracing import trace_servlet
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@ -290,7 +291,11 @@ class RestServlet(object):
for method in ("GET", "PUT", "POST", "OPTIONS", "DELETE"):
if hasattr(self, "on_%s" % (method,)):
method_handler = getattr(self, "on_%s" % (method,))
http_server.register_paths(method, patterns, method_handler)
http_server.register_paths(
method,
patterns,
trace_servlet(self.__class__.__name__, method_handler),
)
else:
raise NotImplementedError("RestServlet must register something.")

View File

@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ class LoggingContext(object):
"alive",
"request",
"tag",
"scope",
]
thread_local = threading.local()
@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ class LoggingContext(object):
self.request = None
self.tag = ""
self.alive = True
self.scope = None
self.parent_context = parent_context
@ -322,10 +324,12 @@ class LoggingContext(object):
another LoggingContext
"""
# 'request' is the only field we currently use in the logger, so that's
# all we need to copy
# we track the current request
record.request = self.request
# we also track the current scope:
record.scope = self.scope
def start(self):
if get_thread_id() != self.main_thread:
logger.warning("Started logcontext %s on different thread", self)

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@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.d
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.import opentracing
# NOTE
# This is a small wrapper around opentracing because opentracing is not currently
# packaged downstream (specifically debian). Since opentracing instrumentation is
# fairly invasive it was awkward to make it optional. As a result we opted to encapsulate
# all opentracing state in these methods which effectively noop if opentracing is
# not present. We should strongly consider encouraging the downstream distributers
# to package opentracing and making opentracing a full dependency. In order to facilitate
# this move the methods have work very similarly to opentracing's and it should only
# be a matter of few regexes to move over to opentracing's access patterns proper.
try:
import opentracing
except ImportError:
opentracing = None
try:
from jaeger_client import Config as JaegerConfig
from synapse.logging.scopecontextmanager import LogContextScopeManager
except ImportError:
JaegerConfig = None
LogContextScopeManager = None
import contextlib
import logging
import re
from functools import wraps
from twisted.internet import defer
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class _DumTagNames(object):
"""wrapper of opentracings tags. We need to have them if we
want to reference them without opentracing around. Clearly they
should never actually show up in a trace. `set_tags` overwrites
these with the correct ones."""
INVALID_TAG = "invalid-tag"
COMPONENT = INVALID_TAG
DATABASE_INSTANCE = INVALID_TAG
DATABASE_STATEMENT = INVALID_TAG
DATABASE_TYPE = INVALID_TAG
DATABASE_USER = INVALID_TAG
ERROR = INVALID_TAG
HTTP_METHOD = INVALID_TAG
HTTP_STATUS_CODE = INVALID_TAG
HTTP_URL = INVALID_TAG
MESSAGE_BUS_DESTINATION = INVALID_TAG
PEER_ADDRESS = INVALID_TAG
PEER_HOSTNAME = INVALID_TAG
PEER_HOST_IPV4 = INVALID_TAG
PEER_HOST_IPV6 = INVALID_TAG
PEER_PORT = INVALID_TAG
PEER_SERVICE = INVALID_TAG
SAMPLING_PRIORITY = INVALID_TAG
SERVICE = INVALID_TAG
SPAN_KIND = INVALID_TAG
SPAN_KIND_CONSUMER = INVALID_TAG
SPAN_KIND_PRODUCER = INVALID_TAG
SPAN_KIND_RPC_CLIENT = INVALID_TAG
SPAN_KIND_RPC_SERVER = INVALID_TAG
def only_if_tracing(func):
"""Executes the function only if we're tracing. Otherwise return.
Assumes the function wrapped may return None"""
@wraps(func)
def _only_if_tracing_inner(*args, **kwargs):
if opentracing:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
else:
return
return _only_if_tracing_inner
# Block everything by default
_homeserver_whitelist = None
tags = _DumTagNames
def init_tracer(config):
"""Set the whitelists and initialise the JaegerClient tracer
Args:
config (Config)
The config used by the homeserver. Here it's used to set the service
name to the homeserver's.
"""
global opentracing
if not config.tracer_config.get("tracer_enabled", False):
# We don't have a tracer
opentracing = None
return
if not opentracing:
logger.error(
"The server has been configure to use opentracing but opentracing is not installed."
)
raise ModuleNotFoundError("opentracing")
if not JaegerConfig:
logger.error(
"The server has been configure to use opentracing but opentracing is not installed."
)
# Include the worker name
name = config.worker_name if config.worker_name else "master"
set_homeserver_whitelist(config.tracer_config["homeserver_whitelist"])
jaeger_config = JaegerConfig(
config={"sampler": {"type": "const", "param": 1}, "logging": True},
service_name="{} {}".format(config.server_name, name),
scope_manager=LogContextScopeManager(config),
)
jaeger_config.initialize_tracer()
# Set up tags to be opentracing's tags
global tags
tags = opentracing.tags
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _noop_context_manager(*args, **kwargs):
"""Does absolutely nothing really well. Can be entered and exited arbitrarily.
Good substitute for an opentracing scope."""
yield
# Could use kwargs but I want these to be explicit
def start_active_span(
operation_name,
child_of=None,
references=None,
tags=None,
start_time=None,
ignore_active_span=False,
finish_on_close=True,
):
"""Starts an active opentracing span. Note, the scope doesn't become active
until it has been entered, however, the span starts from the time this
message is called.
Args:
See opentracing.tracer
Returns:
scope (Scope) or noop_context_manager
"""
if opentracing is None:
return _noop_context_manager()
else:
# We need to enter the scope here for the logcontext to become active
return opentracing.tracer.start_active_span(
operation_name,
child_of=child_of,
references=references,
tags=tags,
start_time=start_time,
ignore_active_span=ignore_active_span,
finish_on_close=finish_on_close,
)
@only_if_tracing
def close_active_span():
"""Closes the active span. This will close it's logcontext if the context
was made for the span"""
opentracing.tracer.scope_manager.active.__exit__(None, None, None)
@only_if_tracing
def set_tag(key, value):
"""Set's a tag on the active span"""
opentracing.tracer.active_span.set_tag(key, value)
@only_if_tracing
def log_kv(key_values, timestamp=None):
"""Log to the active span"""
opentracing.tracer.active_span.log_kv(key_values, timestamp)
# Note: we don't have a get baggage items because we're trying to hide all
# scope and span state from synapse. I think this method may also be useless
# as a result
@only_if_tracing
def set_baggage_item(key, value):
"""Attach baggage to the active span"""
opentracing.tracer.active_span.set_baggage_item(key, value)
@only_if_tracing
def set_operation_name(operation_name):
"""Sets the operation name of the active span"""
opentracing.tracer.active_span.set_operation_name(operation_name)
@only_if_tracing
def set_homeserver_whitelist(homeserver_whitelist):
"""Sets the whitelist
Args:
homeserver_whitelist (iterable of strings): regex of whitelisted homeservers
"""
global _homeserver_whitelist
if homeserver_whitelist:
# Makes a single regex which accepts all passed in regexes in the list
_homeserver_whitelist = re.compile(
"({})".format(")|(".join(homeserver_whitelist))
)
@only_if_tracing
def whitelisted_homeserver(destination):
"""Checks if a destination matches the whitelist
Args:
destination (String)"""
global _homeserver_whitelist
if _homeserver_whitelist:
return _homeserver_whitelist.match(destination)
return False
def start_active_span_from_context(
headers,
operation_name,
references=None,
tags=None,
start_time=None,
ignore_active_span=False,
finish_on_close=True,
):
"""
Extracts a span context from Twisted Headers.
args:
headers (twisted.web.http_headers.Headers)
returns:
span_context (opentracing.span.SpanContext)
"""
# Twisted encodes the values as lists whereas opentracing doesn't.
# So, we take the first item in the list.
# Also, twisted uses byte arrays while opentracing expects strings.
if opentracing is None:
return _noop_context_manager()
header_dict = {k.decode(): v[0].decode() for k, v in headers.getAllRawHeaders()}
context = opentracing.tracer.extract(opentracing.Format.HTTP_HEADERS, header_dict)
return opentracing.tracer.start_active_span(
operation_name,
child_of=context,
references=references,
tags=tags,
start_time=start_time,
ignore_active_span=ignore_active_span,
finish_on_close=finish_on_close,
)
@only_if_tracing
def inject_active_span_twisted_headers(headers, destination):
"""
Injects a span context into twisted headers inplace
Args:
headers (twisted.web.http_headers.Headers)
span (opentracing.Span)
Returns:
Inplace modification of headers
Note:
The headers set by the tracer are custom to the tracer implementation which
should be unique enough that they don't interfere with any headers set by
synapse or twisted. If we're still using jaeger these headers would be those
here:
https://github.com/jaegertracing/jaeger-client-python/blob/master/jaeger_client/constants.py
"""
if not whitelisted_homeserver(destination):
return
span = opentracing.tracer.active_span
carrier = {}
opentracing.tracer.inject(span, opentracing.Format.HTTP_HEADERS, carrier)
for key, value in carrier.items():
headers.addRawHeaders(key, value)
@only_if_tracing
def inject_active_span_byte_dict(headers, destination):
"""
Injects a span context into a dict where the headers are encoded as byte
strings
Args:
headers (dict)
span (opentracing.Span)
Returns:
Inplace modification of headers
Note:
The headers set by the tracer are custom to the tracer implementation which
should be unique enough that they don't interfere with any headers set by
synapse or twisted. If we're still using jaeger these headers would be those
here:
https://github.com/jaegertracing/jaeger-client-python/blob/master/jaeger_client/constants.py
"""
if not whitelisted_homeserver(destination):
return
span = opentracing.tracer.active_span
carrier = {}
opentracing.tracer.inject(span, opentracing.Format.HTTP_HEADERS, carrier)
for key, value in carrier.items():
headers[key.encode()] = [value.encode()]
def trace_servlet(servlet_name, func):
"""Decorator which traces a serlet. It starts a span with some servlet specific
tags such as the servlet_name and request information"""
@wraps(func)
@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _trace_servlet_inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
with start_active_span_from_context(
request.requestHeaders,
"incoming-client-request",
tags={
"request_id": request.get_request_id(),
tags.SPAN_KIND: tags.SPAN_KIND_RPC_SERVER,
tags.HTTP_METHOD: request.get_method(),
tags.HTTP_URL: request.get_redacted_uri(),
tags.PEER_HOST_IPV6: request.getClientIP(),
"servlet_name": servlet_name,
},
):
result = yield defer.maybeDeferred(func, request, *args, **kwargs)
defer.returnValue(result)
return _trace_servlet_inner

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@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.import logging
import logging
from opentracing import Scope, ScopeManager
import twisted
from synapse.logging.context import LoggingContext, nested_logging_context
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class LogContextScopeManager(ScopeManager):
"""
The LogContextScopeManager tracks the active scope in opentracing
by using the log contexts which are native to synapse. This is so
that the basic opentracing api can be used across twisted defereds.
(I would love to break logcontexts and this into an OS package. but
let's wait for twisted's contexts to be released.)
"""
def __init__(self, config):
# Set the whitelists
logger.info(config.tracer_config)
self._homeserver_whitelist = config.tracer_config["homeserver_whitelist"]
@property
def active(self):
"""
Returns the currently active Scope which can be used to access the
currently active Scope.span.
If there is a non-null Scope, its wrapped Span
becomes an implicit parent of any newly-created Span at
Tracer.start_active_span() time.
Return:
(Scope) : the Scope that is active, or None if not
available.
"""
ctx = LoggingContext.current_context()
if ctx is LoggingContext.sentinel:
return None
else:
return ctx.scope
def activate(self, span, finish_on_close):
"""
Makes a Span active.
Args
span (Span): the span that should become active.
finish_on_close (Boolean): whether Span should be automatically
finished when Scope.close() is called.
Returns:
Scope to control the end of the active period for
*span*. It is a programming error to neglect to call
Scope.close() on the returned instance.
"""
enter_logcontext = False
ctx = LoggingContext.current_context()
if ctx is LoggingContext.sentinel:
# We don't want this scope to affect.
logger.error("Tried to activate scope outside of loggingcontext")
return Scope(None, span)
elif ctx.scope is not None:
# We want the logging scope to look exactly the same so we give it
# a blank suffix
ctx = nested_logging_context("")
enter_logcontext = True
scope = _LogContextScope(self, span, ctx, enter_logcontext, finish_on_close)
ctx.scope = scope
return scope
class _LogContextScope(Scope):
"""
A custom opentracing scope. The only significant difference is that it will
close the log context it's related to if the logcontext was created specifically
for this scope.
"""
def __init__(self, manager, span, logcontext, enter_logcontext, finish_on_close):
"""
Args:
manager (LogContextScopeManager):
the manager that is responsible for this scope.
span (Span):
the opentracing span which this scope represents the local
lifetime for.
logcontext (LogContext):
the logcontext to which this scope is attached.
enter_logcontext (Boolean):
if True the logcontext will be entered and exited when the scope
is entered and exited respectively
finish_on_close (Boolean):
if True finish the span when the scope is closed
"""
super(_LogContextScope, self).__init__(manager, span)
self.logcontext = logcontext
self._finish_on_close = finish_on_close
self._enter_logcontext = enter_logcontext
def __enter__(self):
if self._enter_logcontext:
self.logcontext.__enter__()
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
if type == twisted.internet.defer._DefGen_Return:
super(_LogContextScope, self).__exit__(None, None, None)
else:
super(_LogContextScope, self).__exit__(type, value, traceback)
if self._enter_logcontext:
self.logcontext.__exit__(type, value, traceback)
else: # the logcontext existed before the creation of the scope
self.logcontext.scope = None
def close(self):
if self.manager.active is not self:
logger.error("Tried to close a none active scope!")
return
if self._finish_on_close:
self.span.finish()

View File

@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ CONDITIONAL_REQUIREMENTS = {
"url_preview": ["lxml>=3.5.0"],
"test": ["mock>=2.0", "parameterized"],
"sentry": ["sentry-sdk>=0.7.2"],
"opentracing": ["jaeger-client>=4.0.0", "opentracing>=2.2.0"],
"jwt": ["pyjwt>=1.6.4"],
}