It was originally implemented by pulling the full auth chain of all
state sets out of the database and doing set comparison. However, that
can take a lot work if the state and auth chains are large.
Instead, lets try and fetch the auth chains at the same time and
calculate the difference on the fly, allowing us to bail early if all
the auth chains converge. Assuming that the auth chains do converge more
often than not, this should improve performance. Hopefully.
The state res v2 algorithm only cares about the difference between auth
chains, so we can pass in the known common state to the `get_auth_chain`
storage function so that it can ignore those events.
These are easier to work with than the strings and we normally have one around.
This fixes `FederationHander._persist_auth_tree` which was passing a
RoomVersion object into event_auth.check instead of a string.
