Add support for no_proxy and case insensitive env variables (#9372)

### Changes proposed in this PR

- Add support for the `no_proxy` and `NO_PROXY` environment variables
  - Internally rely on urllib's [`proxy_bypass_environment`](bdb941be42/Lib/urllib/request.py (L2519))
- Extract env variables using urllib's `getproxies`/[`getproxies_environment`](bdb941be42/Lib/urllib/request.py (L2488)) which supports lowercase + uppercase, preferring lowercase, except for `HTTP_PROXY` in a CGI environment

This does contain behaviour changes for consumers so making sure these are called out:
- `no_proxy`/`NO_PROXY` is now respected
- lowercase `https_proxy` is now allowed and taken over `HTTPS_PROXY`

Related to #9306 which also uses `ProxyAgent`

Signed-off-by: Timothy Leung tim95@hotmail.co.uk

synapse/http/client.py

@@ -289,8 +289,7 @@ class SimpleHttpClient:
         treq_args: Dict[str, Any] = {},
         ip_whitelist: Optional[IPSet] = None,
         ip_blacklist: Optional[IPSet] = None,
-        http_proxy: Optional[bytes] = None,
-        https_proxy: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        use_proxy: bool = False,
     ):
         """
         Args:
@@ -300,8 +299,8 @@ class SimpleHttpClient:
                 we may not request.
             ip_whitelist: The whitelisted IP addresses, that we can
                request if it were otherwise caught in a blacklist.
-            http_proxy: proxy server to use for http connections. host[:port]
-            https_proxy: proxy server to use for https connections. host[:port]
+            use_proxy: Whether proxy settings should be discovered and used
+                from conventional environment variables.
         """
         self.hs = hs
 
@@ -345,8 +344,7 @@ class SimpleHttpClient:
             connectTimeout=15,
             contextFactory=self.hs.get_http_client_context_factory(),
             pool=pool,
-            http_proxy=http_proxy,
-            https_proxy=https_proxy,
+            use_proxy=use_proxy,
         )
 
         if self._ip_blacklist: