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Clarify (room_id, event_id)
global uniqueness (#13701)
Summarized from @richvdh's reply at https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/13589#discussion_r961116999
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Clarify `(room_id, event_id)` global uniqueness and how we should scope our database schemas.
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@ -191,3 +191,27 @@ There are three separate aspects to this:
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flavour will be accepted by SQLite 3.22, but will give a column whose
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default value is the **string** `"FALSE"` - which, when cast back to a boolean
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in Python, evaluates to `True`.
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## `event_id` global uniqueness
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In room versions `1` and `2` it's possible to end up with two events with the
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same `event_id` (in the same or different rooms). After room version `3`, that
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can only happen with a hash collision, which we basically hope will never
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happen.
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There are several places in Synapse and even Matrix APIs like [`GET
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/_matrix/federation/v1/event/{eventId}`](https://spec.matrix.org/v1.1/server-server-api/#get_matrixfederationv1eventeventid)
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where we assume that event IDs are globally unique.
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But hash collisions are still possible, and by treating event IDs as room
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scoped, we can reduce the possibility of a hash collision. When scoping
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`event_id` in the database schema, it should be also accompanied by `room_id`
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(`PRIMARY KEY (room_id, event_id)`) and lookups should be done through the pair
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`(room_id, event_id)`.
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There has been a lot of debate on this in places like
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https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/issues/2779 and
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[MSC2848](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/2848) which
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has no resolution yet (as of 2022-09-01).
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