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Implement a structured logging output system. (#5680)

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Amber Brown 2019-08-28 21:18:53 +10:00 committed by GitHub
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31 changed files with 1328 additions and 82 deletions
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1
.buildkite/docker-compose.py35.pg95.yaml
View File

@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ services:
image: postgres:9.5
environment:
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
command: -c fsync=off
testenv:
image: python:3.5

1
.buildkite/docker-compose.py37.pg11.yaml
View File

@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ services:
image: postgres:11
environment:
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
command: -c fsync=off
testenv:
image: python:3.7

1
.buildkite/docker-compose.py37.pg95.yaml
View File

@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ services:
image: postgres:9.5
environment:
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
command: -c fsync=off
testenv:
image: python:3.7

10
.buildkite/pipeline.yml
View File

@ -45,8 +45,15 @@ steps:
- docker#v3.0.1:
image: "python:3.6"
- wait
- command:
- "python -m pip install tox"
- "tox -e mypy"
label: ":mypy: mypy"
plugins:
- docker#v3.0.1:
image: "python:3.5"
- wait
- command:
- "apt-get update && apt-get install -y python3.5 python3.5-dev python3-pip libxml2-dev libxslt-dev zlib1g-dev"
@ -55,6 +62,7 @@ steps:
label: ":python: 3.5 / SQLite / Old Deps"
env:
TRIAL_FLAGS: "-j 2"
LANG: "C.UTF-8"
plugins:
- docker#v3.0.1:
image: "ubuntu:xenial" # We use xenail to get an old sqlite and python

5
.gitignore vendored
View File

@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ _trial_temp*/
/*.signing.key
/env/
/homeserver*.yaml
/logs
/media_store/
/uploads
@ -29,8 +30,9 @@ _trial_temp*/
/.vscode/
# build products
/.coverage*
!/.coveragerc
/.coverage*
/.mypy_cache/
/.tox
/build/
/coverage.*
@ -38,4 +40,3 @@ _trial_temp*/
/docs/build/
/htmlcov
/pip-wheel-metadata/

1
changelog.d/5680.misc Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1 @@
Lay the groundwork for structured logging output.

83
docs/structured_logging.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
# Structured Logging
A structured logging system can be useful when your logs are destined for a machine to parse and process. By maintaining its machine-readable characteristics, it enables more efficient searching and aggregations when consumed by software such as the "ELK stack".
Synapse's structured logging system is configured via the file that Synapse's `log_config` config option points to. The file must be YAML and contain `structured: true`. It must contain a list of "drains" (places where logs go to).
A structured logging configuration looks similar to the following:
```yaml
structured: true
loggers:
synapse:
level: INFO
synapse.storage.SQL:
level: WARNING
drains:
console:
type: console
location: stdout
file:
type: file_json
location: homeserver.log
```
The above logging config will set Synapse as 'INFO' logging level by default, with the SQL layer at 'WARNING', and will have two logging drains (to the console and to a file, stored as JSON).
## Drain Types
Drain types can be specified by the `type` key.
### `console`
Outputs human-readable logs to the console.
Arguments:
- `location`: Either `stdout` or `stderr`.
### `console_json`
Outputs machine-readable JSON logs to the console.
Arguments:
- `location`: Either `stdout` or `stderr`.
### `console_json_terse`
Outputs machine-readable JSON logs to the console, separated by newlines. This
format is not designed to be read and re-formatted into human-readable text, but
is optimal for a logging aggregation system.
Arguments:
- `location`: Either `stdout` or `stderr`.
### `file`
Outputs human-readable logs to a file.
Arguments:
- `location`: An absolute path to the file to log to.
### `file_json`
Outputs machine-readable logs to a file.
Arguments:
- `location`: An absolute path to the file to log to.
### `network_json_terse`
Delivers machine-readable JSON logs to a log aggregator over TCP. This is
compatible with LogStash's TCP input with the codec set to `json_lines`.
Arguments:
- `host`: Hostname or IP address of the log aggregator.
- `port`: Numerical port to contact on the host.

12
synapse/app/_base.py
View File

@ -36,18 +36,20 @@ from synapse.util.versionstring import get_version_string
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# list of tuples of function, args list, kwargs dict
_sighup_callbacks = []
def register_sighup(func):
def register_sighup(func, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Register a function to be called when a SIGHUP occurs.
Args:
func (function): Function to be called when sent a SIGHUP signal.
Will be called with a single argument, the homeserver.
Will be called with a single default argument, the homeserver.
*args, **kwargs: args and kwargs to be passed to the target function.
"""
_sighup_callbacks.append(func)
_sighup_callbacks.append((func, args, kwargs))
def start_worker_reactor(appname, config, run_command=reactor.run):
@ -248,8 +250,8 @@ def start(hs, listeners=None):
# we're not using systemd.
sdnotify(b"RELOADING=1")
for i in _sighup_callbacks:
i(hs)
for i, args, kwargs in _sighup_callbacks:
i(hs, *args, **kwargs)
sdnotify(b"READY=1")

4
synapse/app/admin_cmd.py
View File

@ -227,8 +227,6 @@ def start(config_options):
config.start_pushers = False
config.send_federation = False
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
synapse.events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -241,6 +239,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
# We use task.react as the basic run command as it correctly handles tearing

4
synapse/app/appservice.py
View File

@ -141,8 +141,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.appservice"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -167,6 +165,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ps, config, use_worker_options=True)
ps.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ps, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/client_reader.py
View File

@ -179,8 +179,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.client_reader"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -193,6 +191,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/event_creator.py
View File

@ -175,8 +175,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_replication_http_port is not None
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
# This should only be done on the user directory worker or the master
config.update_user_directory = False
@ -192,6 +190,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/federation_reader.py
View File

@ -160,8 +160,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.federation_reader"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -174,6 +172,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/federation_sender.py
View File

@ -171,8 +171,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.federation_sender"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -197,6 +195,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/frontend_proxy.py
View File

@ -232,8 +232,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_main_http_uri is not None
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -246,6 +244,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/homeserver.py
View File

@ -341,8 +341,6 @@ def setup(config_options):
# generating config files and shouldn't try to continue.
sys.exit(0)
synapse.config.logger.setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=False)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -356,6 +354,8 @@ def setup(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
synapse.config.logger.setup_logging(hs, config, use_worker_options=False)
logger.info("Preparing database: %s...", config.database_config["name"])
try:

4
synapse/app/media_repository.py
View File

@ -155,8 +155,6 @@ def start(config_options):
"Please add ``enable_media_repo: false`` to the main config\n"
)
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -169,6 +167,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/pusher.py
View File

@ -184,8 +184,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.pusher"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
if config.start_pushers:
@ -210,6 +208,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ps, config, use_worker_options=True)
ps.setup()
def start():

4
synapse/app/synchrotron.py
View File

@ -435,8 +435,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.synchrotron"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
synapse.events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -450,6 +448,8 @@ def start(config_options):
application_service_handler=SynchrotronApplicationService(),
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

4
synapse/app/user_dir.py
View File

@ -197,8 +197,6 @@ def start(config_options):
assert config.worker_app == "synapse.app.user_dir"
setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=True)
events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS = config.use_frozen_dicts
database_engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
@ -223,6 +221,8 @@ def start(config_options):
database_engine=database_engine,
)
setup_logging(ss, config, use_worker_options=True)
ss.setup()
reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
"before", "startup", _base.start, ss, config.worker_listeners

103
synapse/config/logger.py
View File

@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ from twisted.logger import STDLibLogObserver, globalLogBeginner
import synapse
from synapse.app import _base as appbase
from synapse.logging._structured import (
reload_structured_logging,
setup_structured_logging,
)
from synapse.logging.context import LoggingContextFilter
from synapse.util.versionstring import get_version_string
@ -119,21 +123,10 @@ class LoggingConfig(Config):
log_config_file.write(DEFAULT_LOG_CONFIG.substitute(log_file=log_file))
def setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=False):
""" Set up python logging
Args:
config (LoggingConfig | synapse.config.workers.WorkerConfig):
configuration data
use_worker_options (bool): True to use the 'worker_log_config' option
instead of 'log_config'.
register_sighup (func | None): Function to call to register a
sighup handler.
def _setup_stdlib_logging(config, log_config):
"""
Set up Python stdlib logging.
"""
log_config = config.worker_log_config if use_worker_options else config.log_config
if log_config is None:
log_format = (
"%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(lineno)d - %(levelname)s - %(request)s"
@ -151,35 +144,10 @@ def setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=False):
handler.addFilter(LoggingContextFilter(request=""))
logger.addHandler(handler)
else:
logging.config.dictConfig(log_config)
def load_log_config():
with open(log_config, "r") as f:
logging.config.dictConfig(yaml.safe_load(f))
def sighup(*args):
# it might be better to use a file watcher or something for this.
load_log_config()
logging.info("Reloaded log config from %s due to SIGHUP", log_config)
load_log_config()
appbase.register_sighup(sighup)
# make sure that the first thing we log is a thing we can grep backwards
# for
logging.warn("***** STARTING SERVER *****")
logging.warn("Server %s version %s", sys.argv[0], get_version_string(synapse))
logging.info("Server hostname: %s", config.server_name)
# It's critical to point twisted's internal logging somewhere, otherwise it
# stacks up and leaks kup to 64K object;
# see: https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/8164
#
# Routing to the python logging framework could be a performance problem if
# the handlers blocked for a long time as python.logging is a blocking API
# see https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/logger.html
# filed as https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/1727
#
# However this may not be too much of a problem if we are just writing to a file.
# Route Twisted's native logging through to the standard library logging
# system.
observer = STDLibLogObserver()
def _log(event):
@ -201,3 +169,54 @@ def setup_logging(config, use_worker_options=False):
)
if not config.no_redirect_stdio:
print("Redirected stdout/stderr to logs")
def _reload_stdlib_logging(*args, log_config=None):
logger = logging.getLogger("")
if not log_config:
logger.warn("Reloaded a blank config?")
logging.config.dictConfig(log_config)
def setup_logging(hs, config, use_worker_options=False):
"""
Set up the logging subsystem.
Args:
config (LoggingConfig | synapse.config.workers.WorkerConfig):
configuration data
use_worker_options (bool): True to use the 'worker_log_config' option
instead of 'log_config'.
"""
log_config = config.worker_log_config if use_worker_options else config.log_config
def read_config(*args, callback=None):
if log_config is None:
return None
with open(log_config, "rb") as f:
log_config_body = yaml.safe_load(f.read())
if callback:
callback(log_config=log_config_body)
logging.info("Reloaded log config from %s due to SIGHUP", log_config)
return log_config_body
log_config_body = read_config()
if log_config_body and log_config_body.get("structured") is True:
setup_structured_logging(hs, config, log_config_body)
appbase.register_sighup(read_config, callback=reload_structured_logging)
else:
_setup_stdlib_logging(config, log_config_body)
appbase.register_sighup(read_config, callback=_reload_stdlib_logging)
# make sure that the first thing we log is a thing we can grep backwards
# for
logging.warn("***** STARTING SERVER *****")
logging.warn("Server %s version %s", sys.argv[0], get_version_string(synapse))
logging.info("Server hostname: %s", config.server_name)

5
synapse/handlers/federation.py
View File

@ -326,8 +326,9 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
ours = yield self.store.get_state_groups_ids(room_id, seen)
# state_maps is a list of mappings from (type, state_key) to event_id
# type: list[dict[tuple[str, str], str]]
state_maps = list(ours.values())
state_maps = list(
ours.values()
) # type: list[dict[tuple[str, str], str]]
# we don't need this any more, let's delete it.
del ours

374
synapse/logging/_structured.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import logging
import os.path
import sys
import typing
import warnings
import attr
from constantly import NamedConstant, Names, ValueConstant, Values
from zope.interface import implementer
from twisted.logger import (
FileLogObserver,
FilteringLogObserver,
ILogObserver,
LogBeginner,
Logger,
LogLevel,
LogLevelFilterPredicate,
LogPublisher,
eventAsText,
globalLogBeginner,
jsonFileLogObserver,
)
from synapse.config._base import ConfigError
from synapse.logging._terse_json import (
TerseJSONToConsoleLogObserver,
TerseJSONToTCPLogObserver,
)
from synapse.logging.context import LoggingContext
def stdlib_log_level_to_twisted(level: str) -> LogLevel:
"""
Convert a stdlib log level to Twisted's log level.
"""
lvl = level.lower().replace("warning", "warn")
return LogLevel.levelWithName(lvl)
@attr.s
@implementer(ILogObserver)
class LogContextObserver(object):
"""
An ILogObserver which adds Synapse-specific log context information.
Attributes:
observer (ILogObserver): The target parent observer.
"""
observer = attr.ib()
def __call__(self, event: dict) -> None:
"""
Consume a log event and emit it to the parent observer after filtering
and adding log context information.
Args:
event (dict)
"""
# Filter out some useless events that Twisted outputs
if "log_text" in event:
if event["log_text"].startswith("DNSDatagramProtocol starting on "):
return
if event["log_text"].startswith("(UDP Port "):
return
if event["log_text"].startswith("Timing out client") or event[
"log_format"
].startswith("Timing out client"):
return
context = LoggingContext.current_context()
# Copy the context information to the log event.
if context is not None:
context.copy_to_twisted_log_entry(event)
else:
# If there's no logging context, not even the root one, we might be
# starting up or it might be from non-Synapse code. Log it as if it
# came from the root logger.
event["request"] = None
event["scope"] = None
self.observer(event)
class PythonStdlibToTwistedLogger(logging.Handler):
"""
Transform a Python stdlib log message into a Twisted one.
"""
def __init__(self, observer, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Args:
observer (ILogObserver): A Twisted logging observer.
*args, **kwargs: Args/kwargs to be passed to logging.Handler.
"""
self.observer = observer
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def emit(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> None:
"""
Emit a record to Twisted's observer.
Args:
record (logging.LogRecord)
"""
self.observer(
{
"log_time": record.created,
"log_text": record.getMessage(),
"log_format": "{log_text}",
"log_namespace": record.name,
"log_level": stdlib_log_level_to_twisted(record.levelname),
}
)
def SynapseFileLogObserver(outFile: typing.io.TextIO) -> FileLogObserver:
"""
A log observer that formats events like the traditional log formatter and
sends them to `outFile`.
Args:
outFile (file object): The file object to write to.
"""
def formatEvent(_event: dict) -> str:
event = dict(_event)
event["log_level"] = event["log_level"].name.upper()
event["log_format"] = "- {log_namespace} - {log_level} - {request} - " + (
event.get("log_format", "{log_text}") or "{log_text}"
)
return eventAsText(event, includeSystem=False) + "\n"
return FileLogObserver(outFile, formatEvent)
class DrainType(Names):
CONSOLE = NamedConstant()
CONSOLE_JSON = NamedConstant()
CONSOLE_JSON_TERSE = NamedConstant()
FILE = NamedConstant()
FILE_JSON = NamedConstant()
NETWORK_JSON_TERSE = NamedConstant()
class OutputPipeType(Values):
stdout = ValueConstant(sys.__stdout__)
stderr = ValueConstant(sys.__stderr__)
@attr.s
class DrainConfiguration(object):
name = attr.ib()
type = attr.ib()
location = attr.ib()
options = attr.ib(default=None)
@attr.s
class NetworkJSONTerseOptions(object):
maximum_buffer = attr.ib(type=int)
DEFAULT_LOGGERS = {"synapse": {"level": "INFO"}}
def parse_drain_configs(
drains: dict
) -> typing.Generator[DrainConfiguration, None, None]:
"""
Parse the drain configurations.
Args:
drains (dict): A list of drain configurations.
Yields:
DrainConfiguration instances.
Raises:
ConfigError: If any of the drain configuration items are invalid.
"""
for name, config in drains.items():
if "type" not in config:
raise ConfigError("Logging drains require a 'type' key.")
try:
logging_type = DrainType.lookupByName(config["type"].upper())
except ValueError:
raise ConfigError(
"%s is not a known logging drain type." % (config["type"],)
)
if logging_type in [
DrainType.CONSOLE,
DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON,
DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON_TERSE,
]:
location = config.get("location")
if location is None or location not in ["stdout", "stderr"]:
raise ConfigError(
(
"The %s drain needs the 'location' key set to "
"either 'stdout' or 'stderr'."
)
% (logging_type,)
)
pipe = OutputPipeType.lookupByName(location).value
yield DrainConfiguration(name=name, type=logging_type, location=pipe)
elif logging_type in [DrainType.FILE, DrainType.FILE_JSON]:
if "location" not in config:
raise ConfigError(
"The %s drain needs the 'location' key set." % (logging_type,)
)
location = config.get("location")
if os.path.abspath(location) != location:
raise ConfigError(
"File paths need to be absolute, '%s' is a relative path"
% (location,)
)
yield DrainConfiguration(name=name, type=logging_type, location=location)
elif logging_type in [DrainType.NETWORK_JSON_TERSE]:
host = config.get("host")
port = config.get("port")
maximum_buffer = config.get("maximum_buffer", 1000)
yield DrainConfiguration(
name=name,
type=logging_type,
location=(host, port),
options=NetworkJSONTerseOptions(maximum_buffer=maximum_buffer),
)
else:
raise ConfigError(
"The %s drain type is currently not implemented."
% (config["type"].upper(),)
)
def setup_structured_logging(
hs,
config,
log_config: dict,
logBeginner: LogBeginner = globalLogBeginner,
redirect_stdlib_logging: bool = True,
) -> LogPublisher:
"""
Set up Twisted's structured logging system.
Args:
hs: The homeserver to use.
config (HomeserverConfig): The configuration of the Synapse homeserver.
log_config (dict): The log configuration to use.
"""
if config.no_redirect_stdio:
raise ConfigError(
"no_redirect_stdio cannot be defined using structured logging."
)
logger = Logger()
if "drains" not in log_config:
raise ConfigError("The logging configuration requires a list of drains.")
observers = []
for observer in parse_drain_configs(log_config["drains"]):
# Pipe drains
if observer.type == DrainType.CONSOLE:
logger.debug(
"Starting up the {name} console logger drain", name=observer.name
)
observers.append(SynapseFileLogObserver(observer.location))
elif observer.type == DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON:
logger.debug(
"Starting up the {name} JSON console logger drain", name=observer.name
)
observers.append(jsonFileLogObserver(observer.location))
elif observer.type == DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON_TERSE:
logger.debug(
"Starting up the {name} terse JSON console logger drain",
name=observer.name,
)
observers.append(
TerseJSONToConsoleLogObserver(observer.location, metadata={})
)
# File drains
elif observer.type == DrainType.FILE:
logger.debug("Starting up the {name} file logger drain", name=observer.name)
log_file = open(observer.location, "at", buffering=1, encoding="utf8")
observers.append(SynapseFileLogObserver(log_file))
elif observer.type == DrainType.FILE_JSON:
logger.debug(
"Starting up the {name} JSON file logger drain", name=observer.name
)
log_file = open(observer.location, "at", buffering=1, encoding="utf8")
observers.append(jsonFileLogObserver(log_file))
elif observer.type == DrainType.NETWORK_JSON_TERSE:
metadata = {"server_name": hs.config.server_name}
log_observer = TerseJSONToTCPLogObserver(
hs=hs,
host=observer.location[0],
port=observer.location[1],
metadata=metadata,
maximum_buffer=observer.options.maximum_buffer,
)
log_observer.start()
observers.append(log_observer)
else:
# We should never get here, but, just in case, throw an error.
raise ConfigError("%s drain type cannot be configured" % (observer.type,))
publisher = LogPublisher(*observers)
log_filter = LogLevelFilterPredicate()
for namespace, namespace_config in log_config.get(
"loggers", DEFAULT_LOGGERS
).items():
# Set the log level for twisted.logger.Logger namespaces
log_filter.setLogLevelForNamespace(
namespace,
stdlib_log_level_to_twisted(namespace_config.get("level", "INFO")),
)
# Also set the log levels for the stdlib logger namespaces, to prevent
# them getting to PythonStdlibToTwistedLogger and having to be formatted
if "level" in namespace_config:
logging.getLogger(namespace).setLevel(namespace_config.get("level"))
f = FilteringLogObserver(publisher, [log_filter])
lco = LogContextObserver(f)
if redirect_stdlib_logging:
stuff_into_twisted = PythonStdlibToTwistedLogger(lco)
stdliblogger = logging.getLogger()
stdliblogger.addHandler(stuff_into_twisted)
# Always redirect standard I/O, otherwise other logging outputs might miss
# it.
logBeginner.beginLoggingTo([lco], redirectStandardIO=True)
return publisher
def reload_structured_logging(*args, log_config=None) -> None:
warnings.warn(
"Currently the structured logging system can not be reloaded, doing nothing"
)

278
synapse/logging/_terse_json.py Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Log formatters that output terse JSON.
"""
import sys
from collections import deque
from ipaddress import IPv4Address, IPv6Address, ip_address
from math import floor
from typing.io import TextIO
import attr
from simplejson import dumps
from twisted.application.internet import ClientService
from twisted.internet.endpoints import (
HostnameEndpoint,
TCP4ClientEndpoint,
TCP6ClientEndpoint,
)
from twisted.internet.protocol import Factory, Protocol
from twisted.logger import FileLogObserver, Logger
from twisted.python.failure import Failure
def flatten_event(event: dict, metadata: dict, include_time: bool = False):
"""
Flatten a Twisted logging event to an dictionary capable of being sent
as a log event to a logging aggregation system.
The format is vastly simplified and is not designed to be a "human readable
string" in the sense that traditional logs are. Instead, the structure is
optimised for searchability and filtering, with human-understandable log
keys.
Args:
event (dict): The Twisted logging event we are flattening.
metadata (dict): Additional data to include with each log message. This
can be information like the server name. Since the target log
consumer does not know who we are other than by host IP, this
allows us to forward through static information.
include_time (bool): Should we include the `time` key? If False, the
event time is stripped from the event.
"""
new_event = {}
# If it's a failure, make the new event's log_failure be the traceback text.
if "log_failure" in event:
new_event["log_failure"] = event["log_failure"].getTraceback()
# If it's a warning, copy over a string representation of the warning.
if "warning" in event:
new_event["warning"] = str(event["warning"])
# Stdlib logging events have "log_text" as their human-readable portion,
# Twisted ones have "log_format". For now, include the log_format, so that
# context only given in the log format (e.g. what is being logged) is
# available.
if "log_text" in event:
new_event["log"] = event["log_text"]
else:
new_event["log"] = event["log_format"]
# We want to include the timestamp when forwarding over the network, but
# exclude it when we are writing to stdout. This is because the log ingester
# (e.g. logstash, fluentd) can add its own timestamp.
if include_time:
new_event["time"] = round(event["log_time"], 2)
# Convert the log level to a textual representation.
new_event["level"] = event["log_level"].name.upper()
# Ignore these keys, and do not transfer them over to the new log object.
# They are either useless (isError), transferred manually above (log_time,
# log_level, etc), or contain Python objects which are not useful for output
# (log_logger, log_source).
keys_to_delete = [
"isError",
"log_failure",
"log_format",
"log_level",
"log_logger",
"log_source",
"log_system",
"log_time",
"log_text",
"observer",
"warning",
]
# If it's from the Twisted legacy logger (twisted.python.log), it adds some
# more keys we want to purge.
if event.get("log_namespace") == "log_legacy":
keys_to_delete.extend(["message", "system", "time"])
# Rather than modify the dictionary in place, construct a new one with only
# the content we want. The original event should be considered 'frozen'.
for key in event.keys():
if key in keys_to_delete:
continue
if isinstance(event[key], (str, int, bool, float)) or event[key] is None:
# If it's a plain type, include it as is.
new_event[key] = event[key]
else:
# If it's not one of those basic types, write out a string
# representation. This should probably be a warning in development,
# so that we are sure we are only outputting useful data.
new_event[key] = str(event[key])
# Add the metadata information to the event (e.g. the server_name).
new_event.update(metadata)
return new_event
def TerseJSONToConsoleLogObserver(outFile: TextIO, metadata: dict) -> FileLogObserver:
"""
A log observer that formats events to a flattened JSON representation.
Args:
outFile: The file object to write to.
metadata: Metadata to be added to each log object.
"""
def formatEvent(_event: dict) -> str:
flattened = flatten_event(_event, metadata)
return dumps(flattened, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":")) + "\n"
return FileLogObserver(outFile, formatEvent)
@attr.s
class TerseJSONToTCPLogObserver(object):
"""
An IObserver that writes JSON logs to a TCP target.
Args:
hs (HomeServer): The Homeserver that is being logged for.
host: The host of the logging target.
port: The logging target's port.
metadata: Metadata to be added to each log entry.
"""
hs = attr.ib()
host = attr.ib(type=str)
port = attr.ib(type=int)
metadata = attr.ib(type=dict)
maximum_buffer = attr.ib(type=int)
_buffer = attr.ib(default=attr.Factory(deque), type=deque)
_writer = attr.ib(default=None)
_logger = attr.ib(default=attr.Factory(Logger))
def start(self) -> None:
# Connect without DNS lookups if it's a direct IP.
try:
ip = ip_address(self.host)
if isinstance(ip, IPv4Address):
endpoint = TCP4ClientEndpoint(
self.hs.get_reactor(), self.host, self.port
)
elif isinstance(ip, IPv6Address):
endpoint = TCP6ClientEndpoint(
self.hs.get_reactor(), self.host, self.port
)
except ValueError:
endpoint = HostnameEndpoint(self.hs.get_reactor(), self.host, self.port)
factory = Factory.forProtocol(Protocol)
self._service = ClientService(endpoint, factory, clock=self.hs.get_reactor())
self._service.startService()
def _write_loop(self) -> None:
"""
Implement the write loop.
"""
if self._writer:
return
self._writer = self._service.whenConnected()
@self._writer.addBoth
def writer(r):
if isinstance(r, Failure):
r.printTraceback(file=sys.__stderr__)
self._writer = None
self.hs.get_reactor().callLater(1, self._write_loop)
return
try:
for event in self._buffer:
r.transport.write(
dumps(event, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":")).encode(
"utf8"
)
)
r.transport.write(b"\n")
self._buffer.clear()
except Exception as e:
sys.__stderr__.write("Failed writing out logs with %s\n" % (str(e),))
self._writer = False
self.hs.get_reactor().callLater(1, self._write_loop)
def _handle_pressure(self) -> None:
"""
Handle backpressure by shedding events.
The buffer will, in this order, until the buffer is below the maximum:
- Shed DEBUG events
- Shed INFO events
- Shed the middle 50% of the events.
"""
if len(self._buffer) <= self.maximum_buffer:
return
# Strip out DEBUGs
self._buffer = deque(
filter(lambda event: event["level"] != "DEBUG", self._buffer)
)
if len(self._buffer) <= self.maximum_buffer:
return
# Strip out INFOs
self._buffer = deque(
filter(lambda event: event["level"] != "INFO", self._buffer)
)
if len(self._buffer) <= self.maximum_buffer:
return
# Cut the middle entries out
buffer_split = floor(self.maximum_buffer / 2)
old_buffer = self._buffer
self._buffer = deque()
for i in range(buffer_split):
self._buffer.append(old_buffer.popleft())
end_buffer = []
for i in range(buffer_split):
end_buffer.append(old_buffer.pop())
self._buffer.extend(reversed(end_buffer))
def __call__(self, event: dict) -> None:
flattened = flatten_event(event, self.metadata, include_time=True)
self._buffer.append(flattened)
# Handle backpressure, if it exists.
try:
self._handle_pressure()
except Exception:
# If handling backpressure fails,clear the buffer and log the
# exception.
self._buffer.clear()
self._logger.failure("Failed clearing backpressure")
# Try and write immediately.
self._write_loop()

14
synapse/logging/context.py
View File

@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ See doc/log_contexts.rst for details on how this works.
import logging
import threading
import types
from typing import Any, List
from twisted.internet import defer, threads
@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ class LoggingContext(object):
class Sentinel(object):
"""Sentinel to represent the root context"""
__slots__ = []
__slots__ = [] # type: List[Any]
def __str__(self):
return "sentinel"
@ -202,6 +203,10 @@ class LoggingContext(object):
def copy_to(self, record):
pass
def copy_to_twisted_log_entry(self, record):
record["request"] = None
record["scope"] = None
def start(self):
pass
@ -330,6 +335,13 @@ class LoggingContext(object):
# we also track the current scope:
record.scope = self.scope
def copy_to_twisted_log_entry(self, record):
"""
Copy logging fields from this context to a Twisted log record.
"""
record["request"] = self.request
record["scope"] = self.scope
def start(self):
if get_thread_id() != self.main_thread:
logger.warning("Started logcontext %s on different thread", self)

6
synapse/python_dependencies.py
View File

@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ REQUIREMENTS = [
"idna>=2.5",
# validating SSL certs for IP addresses requires service_identity 18.1.
"service_identity>=18.1.0",
# our logcontext handling relies on the ability to cancel inlineCallbacks
# (https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/4632) which landed in Twisted 18.7.
"Twisted>=18.7.0",
# Twisted 18.9 introduces some logger improvements that the structured
# logger utilises
"Twisted>=18.9.0",
"treq>=15.1",
# Twisted has required pyopenssl 16.0 since about Twisted 16.6.
"pyopenssl>=16.0.0",

0
tests/logging/__init__.py Normal file
View File

197
tests/logging/test_structured.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import os.path
import shutil
import sys
import textwrap
from twisted.logger import Logger, eventAsText, eventsFromJSONLogFile
from synapse.config.logger import setup_logging
from synapse.logging._structured import setup_structured_logging
from synapse.logging.context import LoggingContext
from tests.unittest import DEBUG, HomeserverTestCase
class FakeBeginner(object):
def beginLoggingTo(self, observers, **kwargs):
self.observers = observers
class StructuredLoggingTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
"""
Tests for Synapse's structured logging support.
"""
def test_output_to_json_round_trip(self):
"""
Synapse logs can be outputted to JSON and then read back again.
"""
temp_dir = self.mktemp()
os.mkdir(temp_dir)
self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, temp_dir)
json_log_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(temp_dir, "out.json"))
log_config = {
"drains": {"jsonfile": {"type": "file_json", "location": json_log_file}}
}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
setup_structured_logging(
self.hs, self.hs.config, log_config, logBeginner=beginner
)
# Make a logger and send an event
logger = Logger(
namespace="tests.logging.test_structured", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
logger.info("Hello there, {name}!", name="wally")
# Read the log file and check it has the event we sent
with open(json_log_file, "r") as f:
logged_events = list(eventsFromJSONLogFile(f))
self.assertEqual(len(logged_events), 1)
# The event pulled from the file should render fine
self.assertEqual(
eventAsText(logged_events[0], includeTimestamp=False),
"[tests.logging.test_structured#info] Hello there, wally!",
)
def test_output_to_text(self):
"""
Synapse logs can be outputted to text.
"""
temp_dir = self.mktemp()
os.mkdir(temp_dir)
self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, temp_dir)
log_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(temp_dir, "out.log"))
log_config = {"drains": {"file": {"type": "file", "location": log_file}}}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
setup_structured_logging(
self.hs, self.hs.config, log_config, logBeginner=beginner
)
# Make a logger and send an event
logger = Logger(
namespace="tests.logging.test_structured", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
logger.info("Hello there, {name}!", name="wally")
# Read the log file and check it has the event we sent
with open(log_file, "r") as f:
logged_events = f.read().strip().split("\n")
self.assertEqual(len(logged_events), 1)
# The event pulled from the file should render fine
self.assertTrue(
logged_events[0].endswith(
" - tests.logging.test_structured - INFO - None - Hello there, wally!"
)
)
def test_collects_logcontext(self):
"""
Test that log outputs have the attached logging context.
"""
log_config = {"drains": {}}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
publisher = setup_structured_logging(
self.hs, self.hs.config, log_config, logBeginner=beginner
)
logs = []
publisher.addObserver(logs.append)
# Make a logger and send an event
logger = Logger(
namespace="tests.logging.test_structured", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
with LoggingContext("testcontext", request="somereq"):
logger.info("Hello there, {name}!", name="steve")
self.assertEqual(len(logs), 1)
self.assertEqual(logs[0]["request"], "somereq")
class StructuredLoggingConfigurationFileTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
def make_homeserver(self, reactor, clock):
tempdir = self.mktemp()
os.mkdir(tempdir)
log_config_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(tempdir, "log.config.yaml"))
self.homeserver_log = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(tempdir, "homeserver.log"))
config = self.default_config()
config["log_config"] = log_config_file
with open(log_config_file, "w") as f:
f.write(
textwrap.dedent(
"""\
structured: true
drains:
file:
type: file_json
location: %s
"""
% (self.homeserver_log,)
)
)
self.addCleanup(self._sys_cleanup)
return self.setup_test_homeserver(config=config)
def _sys_cleanup(self):
sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__
sys.stderr = sys.__stderr__
# Do not remove! We need the logging system to be set other than WARNING.
@DEBUG
def test_log_output(self):
"""
When a structured logging config is given, Synapse will use it.
"""
setup_logging(self.hs, self.hs.config)
# Make a logger and send an event
logger = Logger(namespace="tests.logging.test_structured")
with LoggingContext("testcontext", request="somereq"):
logger.info("Hello there, {name}!", name="steve")
with open(self.homeserver_log, "r") as f:
logged_events = [
eventAsText(x, includeTimestamp=False) for x in eventsFromJSONLogFile(f)
]
logs = "\n".join(logged_events)
self.assertTrue("***** STARTING SERVER *****" in logs)
self.assertTrue("Hello there, steve!" in logs)

234
tests/logging/test_terse_json.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import json
from collections import Counter
from twisted.logger import Logger
from synapse.logging._structured import setup_structured_logging
from tests.server import connect_client
from tests.unittest import HomeserverTestCase
from .test_structured import FakeBeginner
class TerseJSONTCPTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
def test_log_output(self):
"""
The Terse JSON outputter delivers simplified structured logs over TCP.
"""
log_config = {
"drains": {
"tersejson": {
"type": "network_json_terse",
"host": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 8000,
}
}
}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
setup_structured_logging(
self.hs, self.hs.config, log_config, logBeginner=beginner
)
logger = Logger(
namespace="tests.logging.test_terse_json", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
logger.info("Hello there, {name}!", name="wally")
# Trigger the connection
self.pump()
_, server = connect_client(self.reactor, 0)
# Trigger data being sent
self.pump()
# One log message, with a single trailing newline
logs = server.data.decode("utf8").splitlines()
self.assertEqual(len(logs), 1)
self.assertEqual(server.data.count(b"\n"), 1)
log = json.loads(logs[0])
# The terse logger should give us these keys.
expected_log_keys = [
"log",
"time",
"level",
"log_namespace",
"request",
"scope",
"server_name",
"name",
]
self.assertEqual(set(log.keys()), set(expected_log_keys))
# It contains the data we expect.
self.assertEqual(log["name"], "wally")
def test_log_backpressure_debug(self):
"""
When backpressure is hit, DEBUG logs will be shed.
"""
log_config = {
"loggers": {"synapse": {"level": "DEBUG"}},
"drains": {
"tersejson": {
"type": "network_json_terse",
"host": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 8000,
"maximum_buffer": 10,
}
},
}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
setup_structured_logging(
self.hs,
self.hs.config,
log_config,
logBeginner=beginner,
redirect_stdlib_logging=False,
)
logger = Logger(
namespace="synapse.logging.test_terse_json", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
# Send some debug messages
for i in range(0, 3):
logger.debug("debug %s" % (i,))
# Send a bunch of useful messages
for i in range(0, 7):
logger.info("test message %s" % (i,))
# The last debug message pushes it past the maximum buffer
logger.debug("too much debug")
# Allow the reconnection
_, server = connect_client(self.reactor, 0)
self.pump()
# Only the 7 infos made it through, the debugs were elided
logs = server.data.splitlines()
self.assertEqual(len(logs), 7)
def test_log_backpressure_info(self):
"""
When backpressure is hit, DEBUG and INFO logs will be shed.
"""
log_config = {
"loggers": {"synapse": {"level": "DEBUG"}},
"drains": {
"tersejson": {
"type": "network_json_terse",
"host": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 8000,
"maximum_buffer": 10,
}
},
}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
setup_structured_logging(
self.hs,
self.hs.config,
log_config,
logBeginner=beginner,
redirect_stdlib_logging=False,
)
logger = Logger(
namespace="synapse.logging.test_terse_json", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
# Send some debug messages
for i in range(0, 3):
logger.debug("debug %s" % (i,))
# Send a bunch of useful messages
for i in range(0, 10):
logger.warn("test warn %s" % (i,))
# Send a bunch of info messages
for i in range(0, 3):
logger.info("test message %s" % (i,))
# The last debug message pushes it past the maximum buffer
logger.debug("too much debug")
# Allow the reconnection
client, server = connect_client(self.reactor, 0)
self.pump()
# The 10 warnings made it through, the debugs and infos were elided
logs = list(map(json.loads, server.data.decode("utf8").splitlines()))
self.assertEqual(len(logs), 10)
self.assertEqual(Counter([x["level"] for x in logs]), {"WARN": 10})
def test_log_backpressure_cut_middle(self):
"""
When backpressure is hit, and no more DEBUG and INFOs cannot be culled,
it will cut the middle messages out.
"""
log_config = {
"loggers": {"synapse": {"level": "DEBUG"}},
"drains": {
"tersejson": {
"type": "network_json_terse",
"host": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 8000,
"maximum_buffer": 10,
}
},
}
# Begin the logger with our config
beginner = FakeBeginner()
setup_structured_logging(
self.hs,
self.hs.config,
log_config,
logBeginner=beginner,
redirect_stdlib_logging=False,
)
logger = Logger(
namespace="synapse.logging.test_terse_json", observer=beginner.observers[0]
)
# Send a bunch of useful messages
for i in range(0, 20):
logger.warn("test warn", num=i)
# Allow the reconnection
client, server = connect_client(self.reactor, 0)
self.pump()
# The first five and last five warnings made it through, the debugs and
# infos were elided
logs = list(map(json.loads, server.data.decode("utf8").splitlines()))
self.assertEqual(len(logs), 10)
self.assertEqual(Counter([x["level"] for x in logs]), {"WARN": 10})
self.assertEqual([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19], [x["num"] for x in logs])

27
tests/server.py
View File

@ -11,9 +11,13 @@ from twisted.internet import address, threads, udp
from twisted.internet._resolver import SimpleResolverComplexifier
from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred, fail, succeed
from twisted.internet.error import DNSLookupError
from twisted.internet.interfaces import IReactorPluggableNameResolver, IResolverSimple
from twisted.internet.interfaces import (
IReactorPluggableNameResolver,
IReactorTCP,
IResolverSimple,
)
from twisted.python.failure import Failure
from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactorClock
from twisted.test.proto_helpers import AccumulatingProtocol, MemoryReactorClock
from twisted.web.http import unquote
from twisted.web.http_headers import Headers
@ -465,3 +469,22 @@ class FakeTransport(object):
self.buffer = self.buffer[len(to_write) :]
if self.buffer and self.autoflush:
self._reactor.callLater(0.0, self.flush)
def connect_client(reactor: IReactorTCP, client_id: int) -> AccumulatingProtocol:
"""
Connect a client to a fake TCP transport.
Args:
reactor
factory: The connecting factory to build.
"""
factory = reactor.tcpClients[client_id][2]
client = factory.buildProtocol(None)
server = AccumulatingProtocol()
server.makeConnection(FakeTransport(client, reactor))
client.makeConnection(FakeTransport(server, reactor))
reactor.tcpClients.pop(client_id)
return client, server

10
tox.ini
View File

@ -146,3 +146,13 @@ commands =
coverage combine
coverage xml
codecov -X gcov
[testenv:mypy]
basepython = python3.5
deps =
{[base]deps}
mypy
extras = all
commands = mypy --ignore-missing-imports \
synapse/logging/_structured.py \
synapse/logging/_terse_json.py