Encode JSON responses on a thread in C, mk2 (#10905)

Currently we use `JsonEncoder.iterencode` to write JSON responses, which ensures that we don't block the main reactor thread when encoding huge objects. The downside to this is that `iterencode` falls back to using a pure Python encoder that is *much* less efficient and can easily burn a lot of CPU for huge responses. To fix this, while still ensuring we don't block the reactor loop, we encode the JSON on a threadpool using the standard `JsonEncoder.encode` functions, which is backed by a C library.

Doing so, however, requires `respond_with_json` to have access to the reactor, which it previously didn't. There are two ways of doing this:

1. threading through the reactor object, which is a bit fiddly as e.g. `DirectServeJsonResource` doesn't currently take a reactor, but is exposed to modules and so is a PITA to change; or
2. expose the reactor in `SynapseRequest`, which requires updating a bunch of servlet types.

I went with the latter as that is just a mechanical change, and I think makes sense as a request already has a reactor associated with it (via its http channel).

synapse/push/emailpusher.py

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class EmailPusher(Pusher):
 
             should_notify_at = max(notif_ready_at, room_ready_at)
 
-            if should_notify_at < self.clock.time_msec():
+            if should_notify_at <= self.clock.time_msec():
                 # one of our notifications is ready for sending, so we send
                 # *one* email updating the user on their notifications,
                 # we then consider all previously outstanding notifications