Support generating structured logs in addition to standard logs. (#8607)

This modifies the configuration of structured logging to be usable from
the standard Python logging configuration.

This also separates the formatting of logs from the transport allowing
JSON logs to files or standard logs to sockets.

synapse/logging/filter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import logging
+
+from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+
+class MetadataFilter(logging.Filter):
+    """Logging filter that adds constant values to each record.
+
+    Args:
+        metadata: Key-value pairs to add to each record.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, metadata: dict):
+        self._metadata = metadata
+
+    def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> Literal[True]:
+        for key, value in self._metadata.items():
+            setattr(record, key, value)
+        return True