anonymousland-synapse/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py

# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import collections
import logging
from abc import abstractmethod
from enum import Enum
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple

from synapse.api.constants import EventContentFields, EventTypes, JoinRules
from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
from synapse.api.room_versions import RoomVersion, RoomVersions
from synapse.events import EventBase
from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
from synapse.storage.database import DatabasePool, LoggingTransaction
from synapse.storage.databases.main.search import SearchStore
from synapse.storage.types import Cursor
from synapse.types import JsonDict, ThirdPartyInstanceID
from synapse.util import json_encoder
from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
from synapse.util.stringutils import MXC_REGEX

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from synapse.server import HomeServer

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


RatelimitOverride = collections.namedtuple(
    "RatelimitOverride", ("messages_per_second", "burst_count")
)


class RoomSortOrder(Enum):
    """
    Enum to define the sorting method used when returning rooms with get_rooms_paginate

    NAME = sort rooms alphabetically by name
    JOINED_MEMBERS = sort rooms by membership size, highest to lowest
    """

    # ALPHABETICAL and SIZE are deprecated.
    # ALPHABETICAL is the same as NAME.
    ALPHABETICAL = "alphabetical"
    # SIZE is the same as JOINED_MEMBERS.
    SIZE = "size"
    NAME = "name"
    CANONICAL_ALIAS = "canonical_alias"
    JOINED_MEMBERS = "joined_members"
    JOINED_LOCAL_MEMBERS = "joined_local_members"
    VERSION = "version"
    CREATOR = "creator"
    ENCRYPTION = "encryption"
    FEDERATABLE = "federatable"
    PUBLIC = "public"
    JOIN_RULES = "join_rules"
    GUEST_ACCESS = "guest_access"
    HISTORY_VISIBILITY = "history_visibility"
    STATE_EVENTS = "state_events"


class RoomWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
    def __init__(self, database: DatabasePool, db_conn, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)

        self.config = hs.config

    async def store_room(
        self,
        room_id: str,
        room_creator_user_id: str,
        is_public: bool,
        room_version: RoomVersion,
    ):
        """Stores a room.

        Args:
            room_id: The desired room ID, can be None.
            room_creator_user_id: The user ID of the room creator.
            is_public: True to indicate that this room should appear in
                public room lists.
            room_version: The version of the room
        Raises:
            StoreError if the room could not be stored.
        """
        try:
            await self.db_pool.simple_insert(
                "rooms",
                {
                    "room_id": room_id,
                    "creator": room_creator_user_id,
                    "is_public": is_public,
                    "room_version": room_version.identifier,
                    "has_auth_chain_index": True,
                },
                desc="store_room",
            )
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("store_room with room_id=%s failed: %s", room_id, e)
            raise StoreError(500, "Problem creating room.")

    async def get_room(self, room_id: str) -> dict:
        """Retrieve a room.

        Args:
            room_id: The ID of the room to retrieve.
        Returns:
            A dict containing the room information, or None if the room is unknown.
        """
        return await self.db_pool.simple_select_one(
            table="rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            retcols=("room_id", "is_public", "creator", "has_auth_chain_index"),
            desc="get_room",
            allow_none=True,
        )

    async def get_room_with_stats(self, room_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Retrieve room with statistics.

        Args:
            room_id: The ID of the room to retrieve.
        Returns:
            A dict containing the room information, or None if the room is unknown.
        """

        def get_room_with_stats_txn(txn, room_id):
            sql = """
                SELECT room_id, state.name, state.canonical_alias, curr.joined_members,
                  curr.local_users_in_room AS joined_local_members, rooms.room_version AS version,
                  rooms.creator, state.encryption, state.is_federatable AS federatable,
                  rooms.is_public AS public, state.join_rules, state.guest_access,
                  state.history_visibility, curr.current_state_events AS state_events,
                  state.avatar, state.topic
                FROM rooms
                LEFT JOIN room_stats_state state USING (room_id)
                LEFT JOIN room_stats_current curr USING (room_id)
                WHERE room_id = ?
                """
            txn.execute(sql, [room_id])
            # Catch error if sql returns empty result to return "None" instead of an error
            try:
                res = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)[0]
            except IndexError:
                return None

            res["federatable"] = bool(res["federatable"])
            res["public"] = bool(res["public"])
            return res

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_room_with_stats", get_room_with_stats_txn, room_id
        )

    async def get_public_room_ids(self) -> List[str]:
        return await self.db_pool.simple_select_onecol(
            table="rooms",
            keyvalues={"is_public": True},
            retcol="room_id",
            desc="get_public_room_ids",
        )

    async def count_public_rooms(
        self,
        network_tuple: Optional[ThirdPartyInstanceID],
        ignore_non_federatable: bool,
    ) -> int:
        """Counts the number of public rooms as tracked in the room_stats_current
        and room_stats_state table.

        Args:
            network_tuple
            ignore_non_federatable: If true filters out non-federatable rooms
        """

        def _count_public_rooms_txn(txn):
            query_args = []

            if network_tuple:
                if network_tuple.appservice_id:
                    published_sql = """
                        SELECT room_id from appservice_room_list
                        WHERE appservice_id = ? AND network_id = ?
                    """
                    query_args.append(network_tuple.appservice_id)
                    query_args.append(network_tuple.network_id)
                else:
                    published_sql = """
                        SELECT room_id FROM rooms WHERE is_public
                    """
            else:
                published_sql = """
                    SELECT room_id FROM rooms WHERE is_public
                    UNION SELECT room_id from appservice_room_list
            """

            sql = """
                SELECT
                    COALESCE(COUNT(*), 0)
                FROM (
                    %(published_sql)s
                ) published
                INNER JOIN room_stats_state USING (room_id)
                INNER JOIN room_stats_current USING (room_id)
                WHERE
                    (
                        join_rules = 'public' OR join_rules = '%(knock_join_rule)s'
                        OR history_visibility = 'world_readable'
                    )
                    AND joined_members > 0
            """ % {
                "published_sql": published_sql,
                "knock_join_rule": JoinRules.KNOCK,
            }

            txn.execute(sql, query_args)
            return txn.fetchone()[0]

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "count_public_rooms", _count_public_rooms_txn
        )

    async def get_room_count(self) -> int:
        """Retrieve the total number of rooms."""

        def f(txn):
            sql = "SELECT count(*)  FROM rooms"
            txn.execute(sql)
            row = txn.fetchone()
            return row[0] or 0

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction("get_rooms", f)

    async def get_largest_public_rooms(
        self,
        network_tuple: Optional[ThirdPartyInstanceID],
        search_filter: Optional[dict],
        limit: Optional[int],
        bounds: Optional[Tuple[int, str]],
        forwards: bool,
        ignore_non_federatable: bool = False,
    ):
        """Gets the largest public rooms (where largest is in terms of joined
        members, as tracked in the statistics table).

        Args:
            network_tuple
            search_filter
            limit: Maxmimum number of rows to return, unlimited otherwise.
            bounds: An uppoer or lower bound to apply to result set if given,
                consists of a joined member count and room_id (these are
                excluded from result set).
            forwards: true iff going forwards, going backwards otherwise
            ignore_non_federatable: If true filters out non-federatable rooms.

        Returns:
            Rooms in order: biggest number of joined users first.
            We then arbitrarily use the room_id as a tie breaker.

        """

        where_clauses = []
        query_args = []

        if network_tuple:
            if network_tuple.appservice_id:
                published_sql = """
                    SELECT room_id from appservice_room_list
                    WHERE appservice_id = ? AND network_id = ?
                """
                query_args.append(network_tuple.appservice_id)
                query_args.append(network_tuple.network_id)
            else:
                published_sql = """
                    SELECT room_id FROM rooms WHERE is_public
                """
        else:
            published_sql = """
                SELECT room_id FROM rooms WHERE is_public
                UNION SELECT room_id from appservice_room_list
            """

        # Work out the bounds if we're given them, these bounds look slightly
        # odd, but are designed to help query planner use indices by pulling
        # out a common bound.
        if bounds:
            last_joined_members, last_room_id = bounds
            if forwards:
                where_clauses.append(
                    """
                        joined_members <= ? AND (
                            joined_members < ? OR room_id < ?
                        )
                    """
                )
            else:
                where_clauses.append(
                    """
                        joined_members >= ? AND (
                            joined_members > ? OR room_id > ?
                        )
                    """
                )

            query_args += [last_joined_members, last_joined_members, last_room_id]

        if ignore_non_federatable:
            where_clauses.append("is_federatable")

        if search_filter and search_filter.get("generic_search_term", None):
            search_term = "%" + search_filter["generic_search_term"] + "%"

            where_clauses.append(
                """
                    (
                        LOWER(name) LIKE ?
                        OR LOWER(topic) LIKE ?
                        OR LOWER(canonical_alias) LIKE ?
                    )
                """
            )
            query_args += [
                search_term.lower(),
                search_term.lower(),
                search_term.lower(),
            ]

        where_clause = ""
        if where_clauses:
            where_clause = " AND " + " AND ".join(where_clauses)

        sql = """
            SELECT
                room_id, name, topic, canonical_alias, joined_members,
                avatar, history_visibility, guest_access, join_rules
            FROM (
                %(published_sql)s
            ) published
            INNER JOIN room_stats_state USING (room_id)
            INNER JOIN room_stats_current USING (room_id)
            WHERE
                (
                    join_rules = 'public' OR join_rules = '%(knock_join_rule)s'
                    OR history_visibility = 'world_readable'
                )
                AND joined_members > 0
                %(where_clause)s
            ORDER BY joined_members %(dir)s, room_id %(dir)s
        """ % {
            "published_sql": published_sql,
            "where_clause": where_clause,
            "dir": "DESC" if forwards else "ASC",
            "knock_join_rule": JoinRules.KNOCK,
        }

        if limit is not None:
            query_args.append(limit)

            sql += """
                LIMIT ?
            """

        def _get_largest_public_rooms_txn(txn):
            txn.execute(sql, query_args)

            results = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)

            if not forwards:
                results.reverse()

            return results

        ret_val = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_largest_public_rooms", _get_largest_public_rooms_txn
        )
        return ret_val

    @cached(max_entries=10000)
    async def is_room_blocked(self, room_id: str) -> Optional[bool]:
        return await self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol(
            table="blocked_rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            retcol="1",
            allow_none=True,
            desc="is_room_blocked",
        )

    async def get_rooms_paginate(
        self,
        start: int,
        limit: int,
        order_by: str,
        reverse_order: bool,
        search_term: Optional[str],
    ) -> Tuple[List[Dict[str, Any]], int]:
        """Function to retrieve a paginated list of rooms as json.

        Args:
            start: offset in the list
            limit: maximum amount of rooms to retrieve
            order_by: the sort order of the returned list
            reverse_order: whether to reverse the room list
            search_term: a string to filter room names by
        Returns:
            A list of room dicts and an integer representing the total number of
            rooms that exist given this query
        """
        # Filter room names by a string
        where_statement = ""
        if search_term:
            where_statement = "WHERE LOWER(state.name) LIKE ?"

            # Our postgres db driver converts ? -> %s in SQL strings as that's the
            # placeholder for postgres.
            # HOWEVER, if you put a % into your SQL then everything goes wibbly.
            # To get around this, we're going to surround search_term with %'s
            # before giving it to the database in python instead
            search_term = "%" + search_term.lower() + "%"

        # Set ordering
        if RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.SIZE:
            # Deprecated in favour of RoomSortOrder.JOINED_MEMBERS
            order_by_column = "curr.joined_members"
            order_by_asc = False
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.ALPHABETICAL:
            # Deprecated in favour of RoomSortOrder.NAME
            order_by_column = "state.name"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.NAME:
            order_by_column = "state.name"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.CANONICAL_ALIAS:
            order_by_column = "state.canonical_alias"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.JOINED_MEMBERS:
            order_by_column = "curr.joined_members"
            order_by_asc = False
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.JOINED_LOCAL_MEMBERS:
            order_by_column = "curr.local_users_in_room"
            order_by_asc = False
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.VERSION:
            order_by_column = "rooms.room_version"
            order_by_asc = False
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.CREATOR:
            order_by_column = "rooms.creator"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.ENCRYPTION:
            order_by_column = "state.encryption"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.FEDERATABLE:
            order_by_column = "state.is_federatable"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.PUBLIC:
            order_by_column = "rooms.is_public"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.JOIN_RULES:
            order_by_column = "state.join_rules"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.GUEST_ACCESS:
            order_by_column = "state.guest_access"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.HISTORY_VISIBILITY:
            order_by_column = "state.history_visibility"
            order_by_asc = True
        elif RoomSortOrder(order_by) == RoomSortOrder.STATE_EVENTS:
            order_by_column = "curr.current_state_events"
            order_by_asc = False
        else:
            raise StoreError(
                500, "Incorrect value for order_by provided: %s" % order_by
            )

        # Whether to return the list in reverse order
        if reverse_order:
            # Flip the boolean
            order_by_asc = not order_by_asc

        # Create one query for getting the limited number of events that the user asked
        # for, and another query for getting the total number of events that could be
        # returned. Thus allowing us to see if there are more events to paginate through
        info_sql = """
            SELECT state.room_id, state.name, state.canonical_alias, curr.joined_members,
              curr.local_users_in_room, rooms.room_version, rooms.creator,
              state.encryption, state.is_federatable, rooms.is_public, state.join_rules,
              state.guest_access, state.history_visibility, curr.current_state_events
            FROM room_stats_state state
            INNER JOIN room_stats_current curr USING (room_id)
            INNER JOIN rooms USING (room_id)
            %s
            ORDER BY %s %s
            LIMIT ?
            OFFSET ?
        """ % (
            where_statement,
            order_by_column,
            "ASC" if order_by_asc else "DESC",
        )

        # Use a nested SELECT statement as SQL can't count(*) with an OFFSET
        count_sql = """
            SELECT count(*) FROM (
              SELECT room_id FROM room_stats_state state
              %s
            ) AS get_room_ids
        """ % (
            where_statement,
        )

        def _get_rooms_paginate_txn(txn):
            # Execute the data query
            sql_values = (limit, start)
            if search_term:
                # Add the search term into the WHERE clause
                sql_values = (search_term,) + sql_values
            txn.execute(info_sql, sql_values)

            # Refactor room query data into a structured dictionary
            rooms = []
            for room in txn:
                rooms.append(
                    {
                        "room_id": room[0],
                        "name": room[1],
                        "canonical_alias": room[2],
                        "joined_members": room[3],
                        "joined_local_members": room[4],
                        "version": room[5],
                        "creator": room[6],
                        "encryption": room[7],
                        "federatable": room[8],
                        "public": room[9],
                        "join_rules": room[10],
                        "guest_access": room[11],
                        "history_visibility": room[12],
                        "state_events": room[13],
                    }
                )

            # Execute the count query

            # Add the search term into the WHERE clause if present
            sql_values = (search_term,) if search_term else ()
            txn.execute(count_sql, sql_values)

            room_count = txn.fetchone()
            return rooms, room_count[0]

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_rooms_paginate",
            _get_rooms_paginate_txn,
        )

    @cached(max_entries=10000)
    async def get_ratelimit_for_user(self, user_id: str) -> Optional[RatelimitOverride]:
        """Check if there are any overrides for ratelimiting for the given user

        Args:
            user_id: user ID of the user
        Returns:
            RatelimitOverride if there is an override, else None. If the contents
            of RatelimitOverride are None or 0 then ratelimitng has been
            disabled for that user entirely.
        """
        row = await self.db_pool.simple_select_one(
            table="ratelimit_override",
            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
            retcols=("messages_per_second", "burst_count"),
            allow_none=True,
            desc="get_ratelimit_for_user",
        )

        if row:
            return RatelimitOverride(
                messages_per_second=row["messages_per_second"],
                burst_count=row["burst_count"],
            )
        else:
            return None

    async def set_ratelimit_for_user(
        self, user_id: str, messages_per_second: int, burst_count: int
    ) -> None:
        """Sets whether a user is set an overridden ratelimit.
        Args:
            user_id: user ID of the user
            messages_per_second: The number of actions that can be performed in a second.
            burst_count: How many actions that can be performed before being limited.
        """

        def set_ratelimit_txn(txn):
            self.db_pool.simple_upsert_txn(
                txn,
                table="ratelimit_override",
                keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
                values={
                    "messages_per_second": messages_per_second,
                    "burst_count": burst_count,
                },
            )

            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
                txn, self.get_ratelimit_for_user, (user_id,)
            )

        await self.db_pool.runInteraction("set_ratelimit", set_ratelimit_txn)

    async def delete_ratelimit_for_user(self, user_id: str) -> None:
        """Delete an overridden ratelimit for a user.
        Args:
            user_id: user ID of the user
        """

        def delete_ratelimit_txn(txn):
            row = self.db_pool.simple_select_one_txn(
                txn,
                table="ratelimit_override",
                keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
                retcols=["user_id"],
                allow_none=True,
            )

            if not row:
                return

            # They are there, delete them.
            self.db_pool.simple_delete_one_txn(
                txn, "ratelimit_override", keyvalues={"user_id": user_id}
            )

            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
                txn, self.get_ratelimit_for_user, (user_id,)
            )

        await self.db_pool.runInteraction("delete_ratelimit", delete_ratelimit_txn)

    @cached()
    async def get_retention_policy_for_room(self, room_id):
        """Get the retention policy for a given room.

        If no retention policy has been found for this room, returns a policy defined
        by the configured default policy (which has None as both the 'min_lifetime' and
        the 'max_lifetime' if no default policy has been defined in the server's
        configuration).

        Args:
            room_id (str): The ID of the room to get the retention policy of.

        Returns:
            dict[int, int]: "min_lifetime" and "max_lifetime" for this room.
        """

        def get_retention_policy_for_room_txn(txn):
            txn.execute(
                """
                SELECT min_lifetime, max_lifetime FROM room_retention
                INNER JOIN current_state_events USING (event_id, room_id)
                WHERE room_id = ?;
                """,
                (room_id,),
            )

            return self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)

        ret = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_retention_policy_for_room",
            get_retention_policy_for_room_txn,
        )

        # If we don't know this room ID, ret will be None, in this case return the default
        # policy.
        if not ret:
            return {
                "min_lifetime": self.config.retention.retention_default_min_lifetime,
                "max_lifetime": self.config.retention.retention_default_max_lifetime,
            }

        row = ret[0]

        # If one of the room's policy's attributes isn't defined, use the matching
        # attribute from the default policy.
        # The default values will be None if no default policy has been defined, or if one
        # of the attributes is missing from the default policy.
        if row["min_lifetime"] is None:
            row["min_lifetime"] = self.config.retention.retention_default_min_lifetime

        if row["max_lifetime"] is None:
            row["max_lifetime"] = self.config.retention.retention_default_max_lifetime

        return row

    async def get_media_mxcs_in_room(self, room_id: str) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
        """Retrieves all the local and remote media MXC URIs in a given room

        Args:
            room_id

        Returns:
            The local and remote media as a lists of the media IDs.
        """

        def _get_media_mxcs_in_room_txn(txn):
            local_mxcs, remote_mxcs = self._get_media_mxcs_in_room_txn(txn, room_id)
            local_media_mxcs = []
            remote_media_mxcs = []

            # Convert the IDs to MXC URIs
            for media_id in local_mxcs:
                local_media_mxcs.append("mxc://%s/%s" % (self.hs.hostname, media_id))
            for hostname, media_id in remote_mxcs:
                remote_media_mxcs.append("mxc://%s/%s" % (hostname, media_id))

            return local_media_mxcs, remote_media_mxcs

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_media_ids_in_room", _get_media_mxcs_in_room_txn
        )

    async def quarantine_media_ids_in_room(
        self, room_id: str, quarantined_by: str
    ) -> int:
        """For a room loops through all events with media and quarantines
        the associated media
        """

        logger.info("Quarantining media in room: %s", room_id)

        def _quarantine_media_in_room_txn(txn):
            local_mxcs, remote_mxcs = self._get_media_mxcs_in_room_txn(txn, room_id)
            return self._quarantine_media_txn(
                txn, local_mxcs, remote_mxcs, quarantined_by
            )

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "quarantine_media_in_room", _quarantine_media_in_room_txn
        )

    def _get_media_mxcs_in_room_txn(self, txn, room_id):
        """Retrieves all the local and remote media MXC URIs in a given room

        Args:
            txn (cursor)
            room_id (str)

        Returns:
            The local and remote media as a lists of tuples where the key is
            the hostname and the value is the media ID.
        """
        sql = """
            SELECT stream_ordering, json FROM events
            JOIN event_json USING (room_id, event_id)
            WHERE room_id = ?
                %(where_clause)s
                AND contains_url = ? AND outlier = ?
            ORDER BY stream_ordering DESC
            LIMIT ?
        """
        txn.execute(sql % {"where_clause": ""}, (room_id, True, False, 100))

        local_media_mxcs = []
        remote_media_mxcs = []

        while True:
            next_token = None
            for stream_ordering, content_json in txn:
                next_token = stream_ordering
                event_json = db_to_json(content_json)
                content = event_json["content"]
                content_url = content.get("url")
                thumbnail_url = content.get("info", {}).get("thumbnail_url")

                for url in (content_url, thumbnail_url):
                    if not url:
                        continue
                    matches = MXC_REGEX.match(url)
                    if matches:
                        hostname = matches.group(1)
                        media_id = matches.group(2)
                        if hostname == self.hs.hostname:
                            local_media_mxcs.append(media_id)
                        else:
                            remote_media_mxcs.append((hostname, media_id))

            if next_token is None:
                # We've gone through the whole room, so we're finished.
                break

            txn.execute(
                sql % {"where_clause": "AND stream_ordering < ?"},
                (room_id, next_token, True, False, 100),
            )

        return local_media_mxcs, remote_media_mxcs

    async def quarantine_media_by_id(
        self,
        server_name: str,
        media_id: str,
        quarantined_by: Optional[str],
    ) -> int:
        """quarantines or unquarantines a single local or remote media id

        Args:
            server_name: The name of the server that holds this media
            media_id: The ID of the media to be quarantined
            quarantined_by: The user ID that initiated the quarantine request
                If it is `None` media will be removed from quarantine
        """
        logger.info("Quarantining media: %s/%s", server_name, media_id)
        is_local = server_name == self.config.server.server_name

        def _quarantine_media_by_id_txn(txn):
            local_mxcs = [media_id] if is_local else []
            remote_mxcs = [(server_name, media_id)] if not is_local else []

            return self._quarantine_media_txn(
                txn, local_mxcs, remote_mxcs, quarantined_by
            )

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "quarantine_media_by_user", _quarantine_media_by_id_txn
        )

    async def quarantine_media_ids_by_user(
        self, user_id: str, quarantined_by: str
    ) -> int:
        """quarantines all local media associated with a single user

        Args:
            user_id: The ID of the user to quarantine media of
            quarantined_by: The ID of the user who made the quarantine request
        """

        def _quarantine_media_by_user_txn(txn):
            local_media_ids = self._get_media_ids_by_user_txn(txn, user_id)
            return self._quarantine_media_txn(txn, local_media_ids, [], quarantined_by)

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "quarantine_media_by_user", _quarantine_media_by_user_txn
        )

    def _get_media_ids_by_user_txn(self, txn, user_id: str, filter_quarantined=True):
        """Retrieves local media IDs by a given user

        Args:
            txn (cursor)
            user_id: The ID of the user to retrieve media IDs of

        Returns:
            The local and remote media as a lists of tuples where the key is
            the hostname and the value is the media ID.
        """
        # Local media
        sql = """
            SELECT media_id
            FROM local_media_repository
            WHERE user_id = ?
            """
        if filter_quarantined:
            sql += "AND quarantined_by IS NULL"
        txn.execute(sql, (user_id,))

        local_media_ids = [row[0] for row in txn]

        # TODO: Figure out all remote media a user has referenced in a message

        return local_media_ids

    def _quarantine_media_txn(
        self,
        txn,
        local_mxcs: List[str],
        remote_mxcs: List[Tuple[str, str]],
        quarantined_by: Optional[str],
    ) -> int:
        """Quarantine and unquarantine local and remote media items

        Args:
            txn (cursor)
            local_mxcs: A list of local mxc URLs
            remote_mxcs: A list of (remote server, media id) tuples representing
                remote mxc URLs
            quarantined_by: The ID of the user who initiated the quarantine request
                If it is `None` media will be removed from quarantine
        Returns:
            The total number of media items quarantined
        """

        # Update all the tables to set the quarantined_by flag
        sql = """
            UPDATE local_media_repository
            SET quarantined_by = ?
            WHERE media_id = ?
        """

        # set quarantine
        if quarantined_by is not None:
            sql += "AND safe_from_quarantine = ?"
            rows = [(quarantined_by, media_id, False) for media_id in local_mxcs]
        # remove from quarantine
        else:
            rows = [(quarantined_by, media_id) for media_id in local_mxcs]

        txn.executemany(sql, rows)
        # Note that a rowcount of -1 can be used to indicate no rows were affected.
        total_media_quarantined = txn.rowcount if txn.rowcount > 0 else 0

        txn.executemany(
            """
                UPDATE remote_media_cache
                SET quarantined_by = ?
                WHERE media_origin = ? AND media_id = ?
            """,
            ((quarantined_by, origin, media_id) for origin, media_id in remote_mxcs),
        )
        total_media_quarantined += txn.rowcount if txn.rowcount > 0 else 0

        return total_media_quarantined

    async def get_rooms_for_retention_period_in_range(
        self, min_ms: Optional[int], max_ms: Optional[int], include_null: bool = False
    ) -> Dict[str, dict]:
        """Retrieves all of the rooms within the given retention range.

        Optionally includes the rooms which don't have a retention policy.

        Args:
            min_ms: Duration in milliseconds that define the lower limit of
                the range to handle (exclusive). If None, doesn't set a lower limit.
            max_ms: Duration in milliseconds that define the upper limit of
                the range to handle (inclusive). If None, doesn't set an upper limit.
            include_null: Whether to include rooms which retention policy is NULL
                in the returned set.

        Returns:
            The rooms within this range, along with their retention
            policy. The key is "room_id", and maps to a dict describing the retention
            policy associated with this room ID. The keys for this nested dict are
            "min_lifetime" (int|None), and "max_lifetime" (int|None).
        """

        def get_rooms_for_retention_period_in_range_txn(txn):
            range_conditions = []
            args = []

            if min_ms is not None:
                range_conditions.append("max_lifetime > ?")
                args.append(min_ms)

            if max_ms is not None:
                range_conditions.append("max_lifetime <= ?")
                args.append(max_ms)

            # Do a first query which will retrieve the rooms that have a retention policy
            # in their current state.
            sql = """
                SELECT room_id, min_lifetime, max_lifetime FROM room_retention
                INNER JOIN current_state_events USING (event_id, room_id)
                """

            if len(range_conditions):
                sql += " WHERE (" + " AND ".join(range_conditions) + ")"

                if include_null:
                    sql += " OR max_lifetime IS NULL"

            txn.execute(sql, args)

            rows = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)
            rooms_dict = {}

            for row in rows:
                rooms_dict[row["room_id"]] = {
                    "min_lifetime": row["min_lifetime"],
                    "max_lifetime": row["max_lifetime"],
                }

            if include_null:
                # If required, do a second query that retrieves all of the rooms we know
                # of so we can handle rooms with no retention policy.
                sql = "SELECT DISTINCT room_id FROM current_state_events"

                txn.execute(sql)

                rows = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)

                # If a room isn't already in the dict (i.e. it doesn't have a retention
                # policy in its state), add it with a null policy.
                for row in rows:
                    if row["room_id"] not in rooms_dict:
                        rooms_dict[row["room_id"]] = {
                            "min_lifetime": None,
                            "max_lifetime": None,
                        }

            return rooms_dict

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_rooms_for_retention_period_in_range",
            get_rooms_for_retention_period_in_range_txn,
        )


class _BackgroundUpdates:
    REMOVE_TOMESTONED_ROOMS_BG_UPDATE = "remove_tombstoned_rooms_from_directory"
    ADD_ROOMS_ROOM_VERSION_COLUMN = "add_rooms_room_version_column"
    POPULATE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH2 = "populate_room_depth_min_depth2"
    REPLACE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH = "replace_room_depth_min_depth"
    POPULATE_ROOMS_CREATOR_COLUMN = "populate_rooms_creator_column"


_REPLACE_ROOM_DEPTH_SQL_COMMANDS = (
    "DROP TRIGGER populate_min_depth2_trigger ON room_depth",
    "DROP FUNCTION populate_min_depth2()",
    "ALTER TABLE room_depth DROP COLUMN min_depth",
    "ALTER TABLE room_depth RENAME COLUMN min_depth2 TO min_depth",
)


class RoomBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
    def __init__(self, database: DatabasePool, db_conn, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)

        self.config = hs.config

        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
            "insert_room_retention",
            self._background_insert_retention,
        )

        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
            _BackgroundUpdates.REMOVE_TOMESTONED_ROOMS_BG_UPDATE,
            self._remove_tombstoned_rooms_from_directory,
        )

        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
            _BackgroundUpdates.ADD_ROOMS_ROOM_VERSION_COLUMN,
            self._background_add_rooms_room_version_column,
        )

        # BG updates to change the type of room_depth.min_depth
        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
            _BackgroundUpdates.POPULATE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH2,
            self._background_populate_room_depth_min_depth2,
        )
        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
            _BackgroundUpdates.REPLACE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH,
            self._background_replace_room_depth_min_depth,
        )

        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
            _BackgroundUpdates.POPULATE_ROOMS_CREATOR_COLUMN,
            self._background_populate_rooms_creator_column,
        )

    async def _background_insert_retention(self, progress, batch_size):
        """Retrieves a list of all rooms within a range and inserts an entry for each of
        them into the room_retention table.
        NULLs the property's columns if missing from the retention event in the room's
        state (or NULLs all of them if there's no retention event in the room's state),
        so that we fall back to the server's retention policy.
        """

        last_room = progress.get("room_id", "")

        def _background_insert_retention_txn(txn):
            txn.execute(
                """
                SELECT state.room_id, state.event_id, events.json
                FROM current_state_events as state
                LEFT JOIN event_json AS events ON (state.event_id = events.event_id)
                WHERE state.room_id > ? AND state.type = '%s'
                ORDER BY state.room_id ASC
                LIMIT ?;
                """
                % EventTypes.Retention,
                (last_room, batch_size),
            )

            rows = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)

            if not rows:
                return True

            for row in rows:
                if not row["json"]:
                    retention_policy = {}
                else:
                    ev = db_to_json(row["json"])
                    retention_policy = ev["content"]

                self.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
                    txn=txn,
                    table="room_retention",
                    values={
                        "room_id": row["room_id"],
                        "event_id": row["event_id"],
                        "min_lifetime": retention_policy.get("min_lifetime"),
                        "max_lifetime": retention_policy.get("max_lifetime"),
                    },
                )

            logger.info("Inserted %d rows into room_retention", len(rows))

            self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
                txn, "insert_room_retention", {"room_id": rows[-1]["room_id"]}
            )

            if batch_size > len(rows):
                return True
            else:
                return False

        end = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "insert_room_retention",
            _background_insert_retention_txn,
        )

        if end:
            await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update("insert_room_retention")

        return batch_size

    async def _background_add_rooms_room_version_column(
        self, progress: dict, batch_size: int
    ):
        """Background update to go and add room version information to `rooms`
        table from `current_state_events` table.
        """

        last_room_id = progress.get("room_id", "")

        def _background_add_rooms_room_version_column_txn(txn: LoggingTransaction):
            sql = """
                SELECT room_id, json FROM current_state_events
                INNER JOIN event_json USING (room_id, event_id)
                WHERE room_id > ? AND type = 'm.room.create' AND state_key = ''
                ORDER BY room_id
                LIMIT ?
            """

            txn.execute(sql, (last_room_id, batch_size))

            updates = []
            for room_id, event_json in txn:
                event_dict = db_to_json(event_json)
                room_version_id = event_dict.get("content", {}).get(
                    "room_version", RoomVersions.V1.identifier
                )

                creator = event_dict.get("content").get("creator")

                updates.append((room_id, creator, room_version_id))

            if not updates:
                return True

            new_last_room_id = ""
            for room_id, creator, room_version_id in updates:
                # We upsert here just in case we don't already have a row,
                # mainly for paranoia as much badness would happen if we don't
                # insert the row and then try and get the room version for the
                # room.
                self.db_pool.simple_upsert_txn(
                    txn,
                    table="rooms",
                    keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
                    values={"room_version": room_version_id},
                    insertion_values={"is_public": False, "creator": creator},
                )
                new_last_room_id = room_id

            self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
                txn,
                _BackgroundUpdates.ADD_ROOMS_ROOM_VERSION_COLUMN,
                {"room_id": new_last_room_id},
            )

            return False

        end = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "_background_add_rooms_room_version_column",
            _background_add_rooms_room_version_column_txn,
        )

        if end:
            await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update(
                _BackgroundUpdates.ADD_ROOMS_ROOM_VERSION_COLUMN
            )

        return batch_size

    async def _remove_tombstoned_rooms_from_directory(
        self, progress, batch_size
    ) -> int:
        """Removes any rooms with tombstone events from the room directory

        Nowadays this is handled by the room upgrade handler, but we may have some
        that got left behind
        """

        last_room = progress.get("room_id", "")

        def _get_rooms(txn):
            txn.execute(
                """
                SELECT room_id
                FROM rooms r
                INNER JOIN current_state_events cse USING (room_id)
                WHERE room_id > ? AND r.is_public
                AND cse.type = '%s' AND cse.state_key = ''
                ORDER BY room_id ASC
                LIMIT ?;
                """
                % EventTypes.Tombstone,
                (last_room, batch_size),
            )

            return [row[0] for row in txn]

        rooms = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_tombstoned_directory_rooms", _get_rooms
        )

        if not rooms:
            await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update(
                _BackgroundUpdates.REMOVE_TOMESTONED_ROOMS_BG_UPDATE
            )
            return 0

        for room_id in rooms:
            logger.info("Removing tombstoned room %s from the directory", room_id)
            await self.set_room_is_public(room_id, False)

        await self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress(
            _BackgroundUpdates.REMOVE_TOMESTONED_ROOMS_BG_UPDATE, {"room_id": rooms[-1]}
        )

        return len(rooms)

    @abstractmethod
    def set_room_is_public(self, room_id, is_public):
        # this will need to be implemented if a background update is performed with
        # existing (tombstoned, public) rooms in the database.
        #
        # It's overridden by RoomStore for the synapse master.
        raise NotImplementedError()

    async def has_auth_chain_index(self, room_id: str) -> bool:
        """Check if the room has (or can have) a chain cover index.

        Defaults to True if we don't have an entry in `rooms` table nor any
        events for the room.
        """

        has_auth_chain_index = await self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol(
            table="rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            retcol="has_auth_chain_index",
            desc="has_auth_chain_index",
            allow_none=True,
        )

        if has_auth_chain_index:
            return True

        # It's possible that we already have events for the room in our DB
        # without a corresponding room entry. If we do then we don't want to
        # mark the room as having an auth chain cover index.
        max_ordering = await self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol(
            table="events",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            retcol="MAX(stream_ordering)",
            allow_none=True,
            desc="has_auth_chain_index_fallback",
        )

        return max_ordering is None

    async def _background_populate_room_depth_min_depth2(
        self, progress: JsonDict, batch_size: int
    ) -> int:
        """Populate room_depth.min_depth2

        This is to deal with the fact that min_depth was initially created as a
        32-bit integer field.
        """

        def process(txn: Cursor) -> int:
            last_room = progress.get("last_room", "")
            txn.execute(
                """
                UPDATE room_depth SET min_depth2=min_depth
                WHERE room_id IN (
                   SELECT room_id FROM room_depth WHERE room_id > ?
                   ORDER BY room_id LIMIT ?
                )
                RETURNING room_id;
                """,
                (last_room, batch_size),
            )
            row_count = txn.rowcount
            if row_count == 0:
                return 0
            last_room = max(row[0] for row in txn)
            logger.info("populated room_depth up to %s", last_room)

            self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
                txn,
                _BackgroundUpdates.POPULATE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH2,
                {"last_room": last_room},
            )
            return row_count

        result = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "_background_populate_min_depth2", process
        )

        if result != 0:
            return result

        await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update(
            _BackgroundUpdates.POPULATE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH2
        )
        return 0

    async def _background_replace_room_depth_min_depth(
        self, progress: JsonDict, batch_size: int
    ) -> int:
        """Drop the old 'min_depth' column and rename 'min_depth2' into its place."""

        def process(txn: Cursor) -> None:
            for sql in _REPLACE_ROOM_DEPTH_SQL_COMMANDS:
                logger.info("completing room_depth migration: %s", sql)
                txn.execute(sql)

        await self.db_pool.runInteraction("_background_replace_room_depth", process)

        await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update(
            _BackgroundUpdates.REPLACE_ROOM_DEPTH_MIN_DEPTH,
        )

        return 0

    async def _background_populate_rooms_creator_column(
        self, progress: dict, batch_size: int
    ):
        """Background update to go and add creator information to `rooms`
        table from `current_state_events` table.
        """

        last_room_id = progress.get("room_id", "")

        def _background_populate_rooms_creator_column_txn(txn: LoggingTransaction):
            sql = """
                SELECT room_id, json FROM event_json
                INNER JOIN rooms AS room USING (room_id)
                INNER JOIN current_state_events AS state_event USING (room_id, event_id)
                WHERE room_id > ? AND (room.creator IS NULL OR room.creator = '') AND state_event.type = 'm.room.create' AND state_event.state_key = ''
                ORDER BY room_id
                LIMIT ?
            """

            txn.execute(sql, (last_room_id, batch_size))
            room_id_to_create_event_results = txn.fetchall()

            new_last_room_id = ""
            for room_id, event_json in room_id_to_create_event_results:
                event_dict = db_to_json(event_json)

                creator = event_dict.get("content").get(EventContentFields.ROOM_CREATOR)

                self.db_pool.simple_update_txn(
                    txn,
                    table="rooms",
                    keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
                    updatevalues={"creator": creator},
                )
                new_last_room_id = room_id

            if new_last_room_id == "":
                return True

            self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
                txn,
                _BackgroundUpdates.POPULATE_ROOMS_CREATOR_COLUMN,
                {"room_id": new_last_room_id},
            )

            return False

        end = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "_background_populate_rooms_creator_column",
            _background_populate_rooms_creator_column_txn,
        )

        if end:
            await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update(
                _BackgroundUpdates.POPULATE_ROOMS_CREATOR_COLUMN
            )

        return batch_size


class RoomStore(RoomBackgroundUpdateStore, RoomWorkerStore, SearchStore):
    def __init__(self, database: DatabasePool, db_conn, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)

        self.config = hs.config

    async def upsert_room_on_join(
        self, room_id: str, room_version: RoomVersion, auth_events: List[EventBase]
    ):
        """Ensure that the room is stored in the table

        Called when we join a room over federation, and overwrites any room version
        currently in the table.
        """
        # It's possible that we already have events for the room in our DB
        # without a corresponding room entry. If we do then we don't want to
        # mark the room as having an auth chain cover index.
        has_auth_chain_index = await self.has_auth_chain_index(room_id)

        create_event = None
        for e in auth_events:
            if (e.type, e.state_key) == (EventTypes.Create, ""):
                create_event = e
                break

        if create_event is None:
            # If the state doesn't have a create event then the room is
            # invalid, and it would fail auth checks anyway.
            raise StoreError(400, "No create event in state")

        room_creator = create_event.content.get(EventContentFields.ROOM_CREATOR)

        if not isinstance(room_creator, str):
            # If the create event does not have a creator then the room is
            # invalid, and it would fail auth checks anyway.
            raise StoreError(400, "No creator defined on the create event")

        await self.db_pool.simple_upsert(
            desc="upsert_room_on_join",
            table="rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            values={"room_version": room_version.identifier},
            insertion_values={
                "is_public": False,
                "creator": room_creator,
                "has_auth_chain_index": has_auth_chain_index,
            },
            # rooms has a unique constraint on room_id, so no need to lock when doing an
            # emulated upsert.
            lock=False,
        )

    async def maybe_store_room_on_outlier_membership(
        self, room_id: str, room_version: RoomVersion
    ):
        """
        When we receive an invite or any other event over federation that may relate to a room
        we are not in, store the version of the room if we don't already know the room version.
        """
        # It's possible that we already have events for the room in our DB
        # without a corresponding room entry. If we do then we don't want to
        # mark the room as having an auth chain cover index.
        has_auth_chain_index = await self.has_auth_chain_index(room_id)

        await self.db_pool.simple_upsert(
            desc="maybe_store_room_on_outlier_membership",
            table="rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            values={},
            insertion_values={
                "room_version": room_version.identifier,
                "is_public": False,
                # We don't worry about setting the `creator` here because
                # we don't process any messages in a room while a user is
                # invited (only after the join).
                "creator": "",
                "has_auth_chain_index": has_auth_chain_index,
            },
            # rooms has a unique constraint on room_id, so no need to lock when doing an
            # emulated upsert.
            lock=False,
        )

    async def set_room_is_public(self, room_id: str, is_public: bool) -> None:
        await self.db_pool.simple_update_one(
            table="rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            updatevalues={"is_public": is_public},
            desc="set_room_is_public",
        )

        self.hs.get_notifier().on_new_replication_data()

    async def set_room_is_public_appservice(
        self, room_id, appservice_id, network_id, is_public
    ):
        """Edit the appservice/network specific public room list.

        Each appservice can have a number of published room lists associated
        with them, keyed off of an appservice defined `network_id`, which
        basically represents a single instance of a bridge to a third party
        network.

        Args:
            room_id (str)
            appservice_id (str)
            network_id (str)
            is_public (bool): Whether to publish or unpublish the room from the
                list.
        """

        if is_public:
            await self.db_pool.simple_upsert(
                table="appservice_room_list",
                keyvalues={
                    "appservice_id": appservice_id,
                    "network_id": network_id,
                    "room_id": room_id,
                },
                values={},
                insertion_values={
                    "appservice_id": appservice_id,
                    "network_id": network_id,
                    "room_id": room_id,
                },
                desc="set_room_is_public_appservice_true",
            )
        else:
            await self.db_pool.simple_delete(
                table="appservice_room_list",
                keyvalues={
                    "appservice_id": appservice_id,
                    "network_id": network_id,
                    "room_id": room_id,
                },
                desc="set_room_is_public_appservice_false",
            )

        self.hs.get_notifier().on_new_replication_data()

    async def add_event_report(
        self,
        room_id: str,
        event_id: str,
        user_id: str,
        reason: Optional[str],
        content: JsonDict,
        received_ts: int,
    ) -> None:
        next_id = self._event_reports_id_gen.get_next()
        await self.db_pool.simple_insert(
            table="event_reports",
            values={
                "id": next_id,
                "received_ts": received_ts,
                "room_id": room_id,
                "event_id": event_id,
                "user_id": user_id,
                "reason": reason,
                "content": json_encoder.encode(content),
            },
            desc="add_event_report",
        )

    async def get_event_report(self, report_id: int) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Retrieve an event report

        Args:
            report_id: ID of reported event in database
        Returns:
            event_report: json list of information from event report
        """

        def _get_event_report_txn(txn, report_id):

            sql = """
                SELECT
                    er.id,
                    er.received_ts,
                    er.room_id,
                    er.event_id,
                    er.user_id,
                    er.content,
                    events.sender,
                    room_stats_state.canonical_alias,
                    room_stats_state.name,
                    event_json.json AS event_json
                FROM event_reports AS er
                LEFT JOIN events
                    ON events.event_id = er.event_id
                JOIN event_json
                    ON event_json.event_id = er.event_id
                JOIN room_stats_state
                    ON room_stats_state.room_id = er.room_id
                WHERE er.id = ?
            """

            txn.execute(sql, [report_id])
            row = txn.fetchone()

            if not row:
                return None

            event_report = {
                "id": row[0],
                "received_ts": row[1],
                "room_id": row[2],
                "event_id": row[3],
                "user_id": row[4],
                "score": db_to_json(row[5]).get("score"),
                "reason": db_to_json(row[5]).get("reason"),
                "sender": row[6],
                "canonical_alias": row[7],
                "name": row[8],
                "event_json": db_to_json(row[9]),
            }

            return event_report

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_event_report", _get_event_report_txn, report_id
        )

    async def get_event_reports_paginate(
        self,
        start: int,
        limit: int,
        direction: str = "b",
        user_id: Optional[str] = None,
        room_id: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> Tuple[List[Dict[str, Any]], int]:
        """Retrieve a paginated list of event reports

        Args:
            start: event offset to begin the query from
            limit: number of rows to retrieve
            direction: Whether to fetch the most recent first (`"b"`) or the
                oldest first (`"f"`)
            user_id: search for user_id. Ignored if user_id is None
            room_id: search for room_id. Ignored if room_id is None
        Returns:
            event_reports: json list of event reports
            count: total number of event reports matching the filter criteria
        """

        def _get_event_reports_paginate_txn(txn):
            filters = []
            args = []

            if user_id:
                filters.append("er.user_id LIKE ?")
                args.extend(["%" + user_id + "%"])
            if room_id:
                filters.append("er.room_id LIKE ?")
                args.extend(["%" + room_id + "%"])

            if direction == "b":
                order = "DESC"
            else:
                order = "ASC"

            where_clause = "WHERE " + " AND ".join(filters) if len(filters) > 0 else ""

            sql = """
                SELECT COUNT(*) as total_event_reports
                FROM event_reports AS er
                {}
                """.format(
                where_clause
            )
            txn.execute(sql, args)
            count = txn.fetchone()[0]

            sql = """
                SELECT
                    er.id,
                    er.received_ts,
                    er.room_id,
                    er.event_id,
                    er.user_id,
                    er.content,
                    events.sender,
                    room_stats_state.canonical_alias,
                    room_stats_state.name
                FROM event_reports AS er
                LEFT JOIN events
                    ON events.event_id = er.event_id
                JOIN room_stats_state
                    ON room_stats_state.room_id = er.room_id
                {where_clause}
                ORDER BY er.received_ts {order}
                LIMIT ?
                OFFSET ?
            """.format(
                where_clause=where_clause,
                order=order,
            )

            args += [limit, start]
            txn.execute(sql, args)

            event_reports = []
            for row in txn:
                try:
                    s = db_to_json(row[5]).get("score")
                    r = db_to_json(row[5]).get("reason")
                except Exception:
                    logger.error("Unable to parse json from event_reports: %s", row[0])
                    continue
                event_reports.append(
                    {
                        "id": row[0],
                        "received_ts": row[1],
                        "room_id": row[2],
                        "event_id": row[3],
                        "user_id": row[4],
                        "score": s,
                        "reason": r,
                        "sender": row[6],
                        "canonical_alias": row[7],
                        "name": row[8],
                    }
                )

            return event_reports, count

        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "get_event_reports_paginate", _get_event_reports_paginate_txn
        )

    async def block_room(self, room_id: str, user_id: str) -> None:
        """Marks the room as blocked. Can be called multiple times.

        Args:
            room_id: Room to block
            user_id: Who blocked it
        """
        await self.db_pool.simple_upsert(
            table="blocked_rooms",
            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
            values={},
            insertion_values={"user_id": user_id},
            desc="block_room",
        )
        await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
            "block_room_invalidation",
            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream,
            self.is_room_blocked,
            (room_id,),
        )