Previously we were testing the protocol by manually driving Alice and
Bob's state machines. This logic has now be moved to an async state
transition function that can take any possible state as input. The
state transition function is called in a loop until it returns the
desired state. This allows use to interrupt midway through the protocol
and perform refund and punish tests. This design was chosen over a
generator based implementation because the the generator based
implementation results in a impure state transition function that is
difficult to reason about and prone to bugs.
Test related code was extracted into the tests folder.
The 2b and 4b states were renamed to be consistent with the rest.
Macros were used to reduce code duplication when converting
child states to their parent states and vice versa.
Todos were added were neccessary.
