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<h2>a-z-cons</h2>
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<p>The A-Z of Conspiracy
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As everyone knows, we are never allowed to know who is really
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controlling our lives/the country/the world. But is this knowledge a
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dangerous thing? To clear up this question beyond reasonable doubt
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Life provides a comprehensive guide to the theoretical corridors and
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sinister back offices in which true power (and general paranoia) may
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(or may not) lie
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02/12/95
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THE GUARDIAN </p>
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<p> Conspiracy theories are the will-o'-the-wisps of the modern
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world. They provide an alternative history to the authorised
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version of events, a coherent demonology in a godless, devil-less
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age.
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Conspiracy theories fill a human need. They make some sense of
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the cruel narrative that is the 20th century. They turn the random
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violence of a lone madman into an act of orchestrated malice. In
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this way the loss of a figure like Kennedy becomes somehow more
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comprehensible. To be angry is more bearable than to be uncertain.
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This soothing function can be at odds with truth, however.
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Alternative conspiracist history is as flawed as the 'authorised'
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version. Worse, a conspiracist view can suppress awkward pieces of
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information by toying with the notion that events have been covered
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up by the authorities to suit their own ends: encounters with alien
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space ships, the real makers of the Lockerbie bomb and the truth
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about Rudolf Hess have all been hidden from the public but the
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higher officers of the state are in the know.
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Some of the conspiracy theories which date from earlier this
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century have more ignoble, murkier origins. Anti-semites were
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behind the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, the Jewish Conspiracy
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and countless others. Their modern equivalents are put about by
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neo-Nazi cliques. Again, these conspiracy theories have a human
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function. Failure in life is more bearable if 'the truth' is that
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the Jews/the blacks/the Illuminati have conspired against you, it
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allows you to ignore the fact that you are a spotty social
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inadequate with bad breath and too-tight lederhosen.
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The conspiracy theorist is the bane of the working journalist.
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The need for some sliver of evidence to support assertions is
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secondary to the spell of the theory: that, for the conspiracy
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theorist, is its charm. This difficulty is compounded by the fact
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that not all conspiracy theories are untrue. Those in power across
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the world do prefer to keep embarrassing truths secret; they do
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cover up; they do, from time to time, kill people who get in the
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way.
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True or not, a rattling good conspiracy theory requires the
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following qualities:</p>
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<p> 1 it must be difficult, better still, impossible, to understand
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at first glance.
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2 it must contain a spaghetti-heap of leads, all of which cannot
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be followed up. There must always be one more lead left to chase.
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3 The story should speak to a 'wider' truth about our society,
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through a series of disconnected or unconnected or unfalsifiable
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propositions.
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4 There should be no easy way of verifying it.</p>
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<p> The theories below demonstrate all of these qualities to a
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greater or lesser degree. To savour our A-Z properly, we suggest
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readers mull over it with deadpan credulousness in the small hours
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of the morning listening to the theme music from The X-Files and
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drinking black coffee.
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A IS FOR ALIEN ENCOUNTERS that are being covered up by the
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authorities. Perhaps the best-documented close encounter of the
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third kind took place on 27 December 1980, when airmen at two RAF
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stations in East Anglia witnessed something extraordinary. First
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radar operators at RAF Watton in Norfolk picked up an oddity on
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their screens. Then RAF Phantom pilots reported seeing intense
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bright lights in the sky. Former radar operator Mal Scurrah said:
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'As the Phantoms got close the hovering object shot upwards at
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phenomenal speed " monitored at more than 1000 mph.' Later, airmen
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stationed at RAF Woodbridge in Suffolk investigated a mystery fire
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in Rendlesham Forest. Sergeant Jim Penniston witnessed the
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encounter with airman John Burroughs. Penniston said: 'The air was
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filled with electricity and we saw an object about the size of a
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tank. It was triangular, moulded of black glass and had symbols on
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it. Suddenly it shot off faster than any aircraft I have ever
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observed.' The next day the object returned. Base commander Lt Col
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Charles Halt saw the flying saucer himself: 'I couldn't believe
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what I was seeing. It looked like the rising sun with a black
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pulsating centre. It appeared to be dripping molten metal.' Hall
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acted coolly, taping and photographing the object engineered by 'an
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intelligence which didn't originate on Earth'. His tape and film
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were confiscated by visiting US defence officials. Former British
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Chief of Defence Staff Lord Hill-Norton has claimed: 'Someone is
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sitting on information that should be in the public domain.'
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Believability: 9/10 (Possible explanation: what the airmen saw may
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not have been a <span class="EVENT">UFO</span>, but a prototype of the Stealth bomber, which
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has a black triangular shape, a strange radar print and was, in
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1980, ultra-secret. Project Aurora, a new ultra-ultra-secret
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Pentagon Black Budget reconnaissance aircraft, is probably
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responsible for all subsequent <span class="EVENT">UFO</span> sightings.)</p>
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<p> B IS FOR THE BILDERBERG GROUP, which organises semi-secret
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annual three-day meetings of the European-Atlantic great and good
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from the worlds of business, diplomacy and politics. The first
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meetings were organised in 1954 by eminence grise Joseph Retinger,
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the then secretary general of the newly fledged, CIA-funded
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European Movement. Karl Otto Pohl, then president of Deutsche
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Bundesbank, David <span class="PERSON">Rockefeller</span>, Lord Carrington and Governor Bill
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Clinton of Arkansaswere among recent delegates. Denis Healey was at
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that first meeting and, having retired, discusses Bilderberg in his
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autobiography, The Time Of My Life. Bilderberg is one of the
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transnational groups suspected by the European-American far Right
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of being part of the secret elite power structure. Even the
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Financial Times column 'Lombard' has noted: 'If the Bilderberg
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group is not a conspiracy of some sort, it is conducted in such a
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way as to give a remarkably good imitation of one.' Believability:
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8/10 </p>
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<p> C IS FOR CEAUSESCU, who was tried and executed on Christmas Day
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to hush up the complicity of Romania's new leaders in his crimes.
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The videotape of the Christmas Day show trial of Nicolae and Elena
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Ceausescu is an absorbing spectacle. Time and again, Ceausescu and
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his wife turn on their interrogators and accuse them of knowing the
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answers to the questions they have posed. Prosecutor: 'What do you
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know about the Securitate?' Elena: 'They are sitting across from us
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here.' The old witch was right, of course, because sitting in the
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courtroom were secret police chiefs like Colonel Magureanu, who had
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been party to the attack on civilians in Timisoara which had
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triggered the revolution. He was later promoted by the leader of
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the conspirators, Ion Iliescu " a former Ceausescu crony " to head
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the renamed secret police, the 'Romanian Information Service'.
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Iliescu became and remains president, the tainted hero of a tainted
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revolution.
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Believability: 10/10</p>
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<p> D IS FOR 'DEEP THROAT', the mole in the Nixon administration
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guiding the Washington Post journalists, Woodward and Bernstein, to
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the Watergate story. 'Throat' remains unidentified. In his book
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Hidden Agenda (1984) Jim Hougan nominated both Nixon's chief of
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staff, Alexander Haig, and National Security Agency boss, Admiral
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Bobby Ray Inman, as candidates; Colodny and Gettlin also fingered
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Haig in their book Silent Coup (1991). Barbara Newman, for Channel
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4's Dispatches, came up with the head of the FBI field office in
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Washington, the late Bob Kunkle. He was allegedly leaking for the
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FBI, which was disgruntled by the Nixon cover-up.
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Believability: 10/10 (Cynics suspect 'Deep Throat' was merely a
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dramatic device or a ploy to keep newspaper lawyers quiet.)</p>
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<p> E IS FOR ELECTRICITY PYLONS, which fry our brains. A number of
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protesters have complained that electro-magnetic waves in overhead
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electricity pylons have led to depression, headaches, mental and
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physical ill-health. No government ministry has placed much
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credence on these complaints. The epidemiology of environmental
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effect is notoriously hard to prove, but all good conspiracists
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believe there is no smoke without a secret ray.
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Believability: 7/10</p>
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<p> F IS FOR FREEMASONS, who club together to better themselves in
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the world. The majority of active freemasons have sworn not to
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divulge the secrets of the craft, on pain of having their tongues
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'cut out by the root and buried in the sand below low-water mark'.
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Other masons who have tried to break ranks have come to sticky
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ends, like 'God's Banker' Roberto Calvi, found hanging from
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Blackfriars Bridge in 1982. So it is hard to determine just how
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much influence is wielded by the grown men who like to dress in
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black suits, wear aprons, bare their breasts and roll up their
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trouser legs. Not very much, say some sceptics, who suspect that
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the masons have more control over, say, haberdashery in
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Herefordshire than the British state. But freemasons still hold
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some sway in the corridors of power. The Rt Hon the Lord Templeman
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and Rt Hon Lord Justice Balcombe, both freemasons, are two of the
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most senior judges in the land; junior Foreign Office minister Tony
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Baldry, former Tory MP David Trippier and back bench MPs Sir Peter
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Emery and Sir Gerard Vaughan are all on the square.
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Many police officers, too, remain true to their masonic oaths of
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secrecy. In 1993 at a Police Federation conference a motion urging
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police officers to reveal membership of the masonic brotherhood was
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debated. An officer from Merseyside said it did not matter if
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officers 'wore a goatskin or rolled up their trouser leg'. Another
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said that freemasonry was 'not all mumbo-jumbo'.
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A third police officer, mocking the calls for more openness
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about freemasonry in the ranks, put a paper bag over his head.
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Finally a member of the Metropolitan branch came to the rostrum to
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announce the vote. 'I'm not telling,' he said to laughter. 'It's a
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secret.' The opponents of freemasonry lost the vote.
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Believability: 8/10</p>
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<p> G IS FOR THE GEMSTONE FILE, the conspiracy theory which first
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surfaced in 1975. Originally a precis by American journalist
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Stephania Caruana of allegations made in letters by American
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chemist Bruce Roberts, now deceased, Gemstone attributes much of
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post-war America's ills to the power of Aristotle Onassis, who had
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the Kennedys and Dr King assassinated, seized the Howard Hughes
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empire, did a deal with the Mafia, etc. The subject of a couple of
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book-length studies to date, Gemstone has appeared in five or six
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different versions, each one containing new material. Most striking
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is the 'Kiwi Gemstone' in which specifically New Zealand incidents
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have been embedded in the original American narrative. Authorless,
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floating round the world in samizdat form, Gemstone is a perfect,
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small-scale disinformation vehicle for anyone who cares to use it.
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Believability: 0/10</p>
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<p> H IS FOR HESS, locked up in Spandau prison because he knew all
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about the secret 1941 negotiations between Britain and Nazi
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Germany. Rudolf Hess's flight in May 1941 remains one of the most
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bizarre episodes of the Second World War. Lord James
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Douglas-Hamilton, son of the Duke of Hamilton, the Scottish
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landowner to whom Hess presented his plans, said: 'Hess's proposals
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consisted of a limited peace deal under which Germany would have
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allowed Britain a free hand in her empire in return for Britain
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allowing Germany a free hand in Europe and Russia. His so-called
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peace plans would have meant the enslavement of Europe.' Hess was
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arrested, tried to commit suicide, went mad, was sentenced to life
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imprisonment and, at the age of 93, hanged himself in Spandau
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prison. Or not, as the case may be.
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One theory has it that the Churchill government, in a hideously
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clever propaganda campaign against the Nazis, ran a double, 'Hess
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Two'. Evidence supporting the double theory emerged when a Dutch TV
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journalist, Karel Hille, disclosed that he had got the Most Secret
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file on Hess via an unnamed British historian who had been given it
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by the late MI6 spymaster Sir Maurice Oldfield. Oldfield had,
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allegedly, stolen the file from the MI6 archive. That the man,
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'Hess Two', who killed himself in prison was not the real Hess is
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backed by Hugh Thomas, a Welsh surgeon, who, in the early 1970s,
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was consultant to the British Military Hospital in West Berlin.
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Thomas examined 'Hess Two' and found him to lack the scars the real
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Hess should have had after a wound he received in 1917. MI6 had
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'Hess Two' hanged because they didn't want the truth to come out.
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Then the killers burnt the evidence, including an electrical flex,
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with which he was murdered.
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Believability: 5/10 (Hess was mad. His 1917 wound was
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pea-sized.)</p>
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<p> I IS FOR THE <span class="ORG">ILLUMINATI</span>, the secret society controlling all the
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other secret societies. An 18th-century masonic splinter group
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begun by Adam Weishaupt, the Illimunati were said to be the hidden
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force behind the French Revolution. After the First World War they
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were re-launched into the English-speaking world by one Nesta
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Webster who credited them with organising the <span class="NORP">Russian</span> October
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Revolution too. In 1921 the Spectator described Weishaupt as a
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'Prussian with criminal instincts and lunatic perversions . . .
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{who} shunted continental freemasonry on to Antinomian and
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revolutionary lines.' In the demonology of the Anglo-American far
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Right, the Illuminati largely replaced the Jews as the spider at
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the centre of the web. These theories were brilliantly parodied in
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the Illuminatus! trilogy (1976) by Robert Anton Wilson and Robert
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Shea.
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Believability: 0/10</p>
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<p> J IS FOR JAMES JESUS ANGLETON, the orchid-growing,
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poetry-writing, paranoid head of CIA counter intelligence
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throughout much of the Cold War. Angleton believed the CIA and all
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other spy networks to be so much gorgonzola, riddled with KGB
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moles. In his search for these moles Angleton paralysed large
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chunks of the CIA for years at a stretch and blighted the careers
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of many senior officers.
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It was Angleton who insisted in the 1960s that MI5 investigate
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Harold Wilson, a task taken up enthusiastically by Peter Wright and
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his circle in MI5. Angleton's overarching idiocy was to believe the
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KGB defector Golitsyn, who claimed that the friction between the
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Soviet Union and Mao's China in the late 1960s was a fake to
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deceive the West. Despite the collapse of the Soviet Union,
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Golitsyn remains convinced that it is all a black propaganda ploy.
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However, the confession of top CIA man Aldrich Ames that he was a
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KGB mole have proved some of Angleton's fears correct.
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Believability: 6/10</p>
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<p> K IS FOR KENNEDY, killed by almost anyone you care to mention.
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According to Captain James T Kirk of the Starship Enterprise, the
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'first rule of assassination is kill the assassins'. The killing of
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Lee Harvey Oswald by Jack Ruby set a hare running that has never
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stopped. Instead of Oswald's courtroom confession or denial of
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guilt providing some explanation of the killing of the president,
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the assassination of the assassin let conjecture reign.
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So many had a hand in his murder it is too tedious to name them
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all. Oliver Stone argued in his film JFK that Lyndon Baines Johnson
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was the man behind the conspiracy. The KGB, the Mafia, the <span class="NORP">Cubans</span>,
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the FBI and the masons are all contenders. Perhaps the best JFK
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conspiracy theory is that he is, after all, still alive, but kept a
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permanent prisoner by the National Security Council.
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Believability: 1/10</p>
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<p> L IS FOR LOCKERBIE. On 21 December 1988, 270 people were
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murdered when Pan Am 103 exploded over Scotland.
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Six years later no one has been convicted of the crime, although
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investigators on both sides of the Atlantic have consistently
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pointed the finger at two Libyan intelligence officers who they
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believe planted the bomb on a plane from Malta before it was
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transferred at Frankfurt on to the fatal flight. UN sanctions are
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enforced against Tripoli until Colonel Gadaffi agrees to hand over
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the two for trial.
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Others are not convinced by the official line. Tales of
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suitcases of heroin recovered at the crash site by mysterious
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American intelligence officers point to a joint CIA/Drug
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Enforcement Administration operation that was fatally compromised
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by Syrian and Iranian-backed Palestinian terrorists. American
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spooks were running 'controlled' deliveries of Lebanese heroin
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through Frankfurt airport in return for information about the
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whereabouts of the hostages in Beirut. The terrorists were aware of
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this and switched the dope-filled Samsonite case with one
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containing the bomb. Among those killed were Matthew Gannon, the
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CIA's deputy head of station in Beirut, and Major Charles McKee, a
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Defence Intelligence Agency officer allegedly in charge of a
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hostage rescue team. Some students of the tragedy have gone so far
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as to suggest that McKee was flying home to blow the whistle,
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disgusted that deals were being struck with dope dealers in order
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to gain intelligence on the kidnap victims.
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Believability: 8/10</p>
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<p> M IS FOR DAVID MELLOR, got at by Mossad after his
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pro-Palestinian outburst in 1988 on the West Bank. The Israelis
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were out to topple Mellor after he became the most prominent critic
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in the British Government of their conduct in the Occupied
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Territories.
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First, they managed to secure his removal as junior Foreign
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Office minister, threatening to stop passing on intelligence
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information about the hostages in Beirut unless Mellor was moved.
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Second, they arranged for the clandestine phone-tapping
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operation which led to the highly embarrassing 'toe-sucking'
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allegations.
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The result: Mellor was forced to quit the Cabinet.
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Believability: 5/10 </p>
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<p> N IS FOR NOSTRADAMUS, the 16th-century psychic seer who
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predicted Napoleon, Hitler and the killing of John Kennedy. The
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seer's muddily-written quatrains have spawned more than 200 books,
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a propaganda war between the Nazis and the Allies during the Second
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World War, a movie, an American TV spin-off show, Monopoly-style
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board games, a virtual reality game and even a watch, which ticks
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down the seconds from 1 January 1995 to the millennium.
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Whitstable housewife Valerie Hewitt, author of Nostradamus: His
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Key To The Centuries (Heinemann, 1994), predicts that Prince
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Charles will be crowned this year. 'It will be something sudden
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that will affect the Queen, an illness " whether it is political or
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genuine it doesn't matter. And Diana will be offered the chance to
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become Queen. But Charles's reign will be short and William could
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be king before he's 18.' In 1993 she predicted that George Bush
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would stay as president.
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Rival Nostradamus buff John Hogue is more apocalyptic. He plumps
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for nuclear disaster or terrorism in 1996, World War III before the
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millennium and Aids " 'a very great plague . . . with a great scab'
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" and the ozone hole killing off two-thirds of the world population.
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He quotes the prophet's vision of the future: 'So many {die}
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that no one will know the true owners of fields and houses. The
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weeds in the city streets will rise higher than the knees, and
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there shall be a total desolation of the clergy.' Believability:
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0/10 (The verses of Nostradamus clearly refer to events and places
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in the 16th century. For example, nowhere does he mention 'Hitler',
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only 'Hister', the contemporary name for the Lower Danube.)</p>
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<p> P IS FOR PROMIS SOFTWARE, stolen from a Washington law firm. In
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1982 a Washington DC computer firm, <span class="ORG">Inslaw</span>, developed a programme
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called Promis (Prosecutors' Management Information System) which it
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supplied to the US Justice Department for $10 million. A year
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later, Justice stopped all payments and <span class="ORG">Inslaw</span> went bankrupt. A
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ruling in 1987 at a bankruptcy court concluded that the Justice
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Department 'took, converted and stole Promis software through
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trickery, fraud and deceit', which is a little embarrassing for the
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department charged with upholding the rule of law.
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So far, so what? It is only when people started to probe into
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why Justice had acted in such a way that it gets interesting,
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prompting one investigator to claim that the case 'was a lot
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dirtier for the department than Watergate had been, both in its
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breadth and depth'.
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It turns out that (allegedly) the men behind the theft of the
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software were all Reagan appointees who helped engineer the 1980
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'October Surprise', whereby the Republicans struck a deal with the
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Iranians not to release American Embassy hostages from Tehran until
|
|
after Reagan was safely in the White House. The software was then
|
|
sold on to foreign intelligence agencies across the globe, (a) to
|
|
generate revenue for covert operations not authorised by Congress;
|
|
and (b) to make it easier for US operatives to hack into the
|
|
software.
|
|
The story was chased by US freelance Danny Casolaro. A year
|
|
after making himself known to the <span class="ORG">Inslaw</span> people he was found dead
|
|
in a motel room in West Virginia. The official verdict was suicide,
|
|
but Elliott Richardson, the Attorney General under Nixon, hired by
|
|
<span class="ORG">Inslaw</span> to investigate the case, concluded: 'It's hard to come up
|
|
with any reason for Casolaro's death other than he was deliberately
|
|
murdered because he was so close to uncovering sinister elements in
|
|
what he called 'the Octopus'.' Believability: 7/10</p>
|
|
<p> Q IS FOR CARROLL QUIGLEY, the granddaddy of all modern American
|
|
conspiracists. Quigley's 1340-page volume Tragedy And Hope "
|
|
History Of The World In Our Time (1966) included a dozen pages on
|
|
the existence of a hitherto unknown secret society, run by Alfred,
|
|
Lord Milner, Lloyd George's Chef de Cabinet, funded by Cecil
|
|
Rhodes's estate. The group, said Quigley, who claimed to have
|
|
access to its papers, organised the Round Table groups in the
|
|
Commonwealth, the Royal Institute For International Affairs in
|
|
London and its counterpart in the US betwen the wars.
|
|
For far-Right groups such as the John Birch Society these pages
|
|
were proof, from an 'insider', of the great conspiracy they had
|
|
always suspected. Not the communists, not the Jews, not even the
|
|
Illuminati, but the Perpetual Hidden Government " the PHG!
|
|
Quigley's revelations are behind much of the recent talk of One
|
|
Worlders and New World Orders and are part of Republican
|
|
presidential hopeful Pat Robertson's world view. Among Quigley's
|
|
students at Georgetown University was Bill Clinton, and the
|
|
conspiracists got quite excited when President Clinton referred to
|
|
the impact Quigley made on him in his inauguration speech.
|
|
Believability: 4/10</p>
|
|
<p> R IS FOR JAMES RUSBRIDGER, killed and framed as a sex pervert by
|
|
MI5. Rusbridger was a tremendous irritant to the security services.
|
|
His letters to newspapers poured scorn on the Official Secrets Act;
|
|
his books, such as The Intelligence Game, cast doubt on the
|
|
official version of events. But where Rusbridger, aged 65 at the
|
|
time of his death, really annoyed the spooks was when he unearthed
|
|
Britain's code-cracking secrets, in particular the story that the
|
|
British had cracked <span class="NORP">Japanese</span> naval codes in advance of the attack
|
|
on Pearl Harbour.
|
|
He was bright, hale and hearty for his age when he was
|
|
discovered in February 1994 at his home, dressed in a green
|
|
protective suit for use in nuclear, biological or chemical warfare,
|
|
green overalls, a black plastic mackintosh and thick rubber gloves.
|
|
His face was covered by a gas mask and he was also wearing a
|
|
sou'wester. His body was suspended from two ropes, attached to
|
|
shackles fastened to a piece of wood across the open loft hatch,
|
|
and was surrounded by pictures of men and mainly black women in
|
|
bondage. Consultant pathologist Dr Yasai Sivathondan said he died
|
|
from asphyxia due to hanging 'in keeping with a form of sexual
|
|
strangulation'.
|
|
His death occasioned a piece by <span class="LOC">Sunday</span> Times reporter James
|
|
Adams, whose own books boast of contacts with British intelligence.
|
|
Adams quoted senior intelligence officials as saying Rusbridger
|
|
never had any connection with any branch of British intelligence:
|
|
"His death was as much a fantasy as his life,' said one source . .
|
|
. Rusbridger's interest in intelligence seems to have coincided
|
|
with his conviction for theft in 1977.' Such an extensive
|
|
posthumous demolition job by intelligence officials would perhaps
|
|
only be merited by someone who had been a serious thorn in their
|
|
side.
|
|
Believability: 7/10</p>
|
|
<p> S IS FOR THE SUICIDES OF THE SCIENTISTS WHO WORKED FOR <span class="PERSON">MARCONI</span>.
|
|
In 1988 a host of brilliant researchers working for the defence
|
|
giant killed themselves in a variety of ways: one drove his
|
|
petrolladen car into a disused Little Chef, another jumped off the
|
|
Clifton suspension bridge, a third electrocuted himself.
|
|
The deaths appeared to be a case of life imitating art " in this
|
|
case, an episode of the 1960s Avengers series which features a
|
|
number of brilliant scientists killing themselves. The first
|
|
problem is that there was no linkage between the deaths. Second,
|
|
suicide is 10 times more common than murder in Britain. Third, men
|
|
kill themselves more violently than women. Fourth, scientists are
|
|
more ingenious than the rest of the population, so one would expect
|
|
them to kill themselves violently and bizarrely. Fifth, the defence
|
|
business employs huge numbers of scientists, and <span class="PERSON">Marconi</span> is a big
|
|
employer.
|
|
When the numbers are crunched, there is no statistical
|
|
aberration in the number of suicides by <span class="PERSON">Marconi</span> scientists. It is
|
|
too good a story for a newspaper to kill, however.
|
|
Believability: 0/10</p>
|
|
<p> U IS FOR THE UNIFIED CONSPIRACY THEORY, or the Grand Unified
|
|
Conspiracy Theory, which knits all the other conspiracy theories
|
|
into a coherent tapestry.
|
|
Believability: 1/10</p>
|
|
<p> V IS FOR VATICAN, which knocks off the popes it doesn't like.
|
|
The markedly short reign of John Paul I has given rise to this
|
|
particular crock of conjecture.
|
|
Old men can die quite quickly, even if they are popes. However,
|
|
rumours persist in the Vatican than John Paul I was going to clean
|
|
out the Augean stables of the pontiff's finances and expose the
|
|
scandalous links between the Mafia, the freemasons and senior
|
|
cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church.
|
|
Believability: 2/10</p>
|
|
<p> W IS FOR COLIN WALLACE, who was forced to resign from the
|
|
Ministry of Defence in 1975 when he leaked information about a
|
|
covert MI5 operation, 'Clockwork Orange'. Wallace, an Ulsterman,
|
|
claimed he had been involved in the operation, which had been
|
|
designed to destabilise paramilitary organisations in the Province
|
|
through disinformation. Wallace alleged that the scope of the
|
|
operation had been extended to include mainland politicians viewed
|
|
as 'politically soft or leftist', a list which included Harold
|
|
Wilson, Edward Heath and Jeremy Thorpe. Wallace claims it was in
|
|
his remit to discredit these 'targets' using unfounded smear
|
|
stories about sexual impropriety.
|
|
He also alleged, in a memo to army chiefs, that a Belfast boys'
|
|
home named Kincora was being used as a homosexual trap for
|
|
intelligence gathering against prominent Unionist politicians. In
|
|
1990 an inquiry conducted by James Calcutt QC found Wallace's
|
|
dismissal to be unsafe and ordered the Ministry to award him
|
|
pounds 30000 in compensation. The inquiry was not, however,
|
|
empowered to make any judgment on Wallace's allegations.
|
|
Believability: 7/10</p>
|
|
<p> X IS FOR MR X, the third man who allegedly went to bed with two
|
|
senior Conservative politicians, now in the Cabinet, all at the
|
|
same time. This is a conspiracy theory never to be told.
|
|
Believability: 10/10</p>
|
|
<p> Y IS FOR <span class="ORG">YAKUZA</span>, the <span class="NORP">Japanese</span> mafia who run the world. The
|
|
<span class="ORG">Yakuza</span> are the world's richest and most powerful gangsters. They
|
|
control many of the big-name <span class="NORP">Japanese</span> corporations that now have
|
|
huge leverage in the major western economies. Nothing can be done
|
|
to loosen the grip of the <span class="ORG">Yakuza</span> on the world economy.
|
|
Believability: 8/10 </p>
|
|
<p> Z IS FOR THE <span class="GPE">ZAGREB</span> OPERATION, when the NKVD inducted Robert
|
|
<span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> as a Soviet double agent. <span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> was never clear about how
|
|
he escaped from Nazi-occupied Germany. In fact, he was given secret
|
|
passage through Nazi-allied Croatia by Communist partisans, then
|
|
loyal to the Soviet Union, in return for a lifetime as a spy.
|
|
While passing through <span class="GPE">Zagreb</span>
|
|
<span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> was recruited by an officer
|
|
of the NKVD " the forerunner to the KGB " and was told to travel to
|
|
Britain and ingratiate himself with the British Establishment.
|
|
<span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> did brilliantly, becoming first a war hero then a respected
|
|
publisher. The NKVD and KGB helped <span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> out from time to time,
|
|
smoothing his path in arranging deals with Eastern Bloc scientific
|
|
publishers and the like. <span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> prospered.
|
|
It was only in 1991 that the Israeli secret service, Mossad,
|
|
came across the truth when they bought up a senior KGB archivist
|
|
who sold them the Operation <span class="GPE">Zagreb</span> file. <span class="PERSON">Maxwell</span> " who Mossad
|
|
thought had been working for them " was terminated by a crack unit
|
|
of Israeli frogmen.
|
|
Believability: 6/10
|
|
</p>
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