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2368 lines
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2368 lines
135 KiB
XML
<xml><p>The following are excerpts from original <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> documents, relating
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directly to the extermination of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> and others which was carried
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out by the <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent>s during WW2. The purpose of this collection is both
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to present such documents in an easily accessible form, and to
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point out more complete references.</p>
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<p>Naturally, in preparing a collection like this, one has to decide
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which documents to use; the amount of material is enormous. I have
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tried to choose a small set of representative ones, which touch
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as many aspects as possible. Many of these documents are very long,
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so I have restricted myself to short excerpts. </p>
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<p>My remarks are inside square [...] brackets.</p>
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<p>-<ent type='PERSON'>Daniel Keren</ent> (dk@lems.brown.edu).</p>
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<p>The organization of this collection is as follows:</p>
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<p>1) STATMENTS BY LEADING <ent type='ORG'>NAZIS</ent>
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2) GAS CHAMBERS AND GASSING VANS (See also "<ent type='ORG'>AUSCHWITZ</ent>")
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3) DOCUMENTS ABOUT MASS MURDER (see also the "<ent type='ORG'>Jager Report</ent>",
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in the "MISC" topic).
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4) THE EXTERMINATION OF THE INSANE
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5) <ent type='EVENT'>MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS</ent> I: MASS STERILIZATION
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6) <ent type='EVENT'>MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS</ent> II: FREEZING, LOW PRESSURE AND OTHERS
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7) THE ECONOMIC PLUNDER
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8) <ent type='ORG'>AUSCHWITZ</ent>
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9) <ent type='EVENT'>KRISTALLNACHT</ent>
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10) VERDICT OF SS-COURT
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11) MISC - includes the following:
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a. Prosecution of a <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> woman for selling her mother milk
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to feed <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> babies.
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b. Some of the court proceedings from a case in which the death
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sentence was imposed on a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> for allegedly having sex with
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a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> woman.
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c. Various excerpts from anti-<ent type='NORP'>semitic</ent> publications (mostly,
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"<ent type='PERSON'>Der Stuermer</ent>").
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d. Letter about transporting to <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y "racially valuable
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children" whose parents were slain by the <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent>s.
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e. Order to hang any <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent> who has sex with a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> woman.
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f. <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> describing <ent type='NORP'>Russians</ent> and <ent type='NORP'>Slavs</ent> as
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"human animals" to be used for work.
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g. <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> plans for plundering <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>.
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h. Order by <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> to kill and destroy
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everything in <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied <ent type='GPE'>Ukraine</ent> before evacuating it.
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i. A long and very detailed report about mass executions in
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the <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied Baltics (the "Jager report").</p>
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<p>STATMENTS BY LEADING <ent type='ORG'>NAZIS</ent>
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**************************</p>
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<p>Speech by <ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent>, January 31, 1939
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[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
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<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol XIII, p. 131]
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---------------------------------------------------------------
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Today I will once more be a prophet: If the international <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> financiers
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in and outside Europe should succeed in plunging the nations once more into
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a world war, then the result will not be the bolshevization of the earth,
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and thus the victory of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ry, but the annihilation of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> race in
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Europe!</p>
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Adolph Hitler</ent> speaking to a crowd at the Sports Palace in <ent type='GPE'>Berlin</ent>,
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30 January 1942. Quoted in "The <ent type='EVENT'>Holocaust</ent>", by <ent type='PERSON'>Martin Gilbert</ent>,
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Holt, Rinehart and Winston, NY, 1985, p. 285. Text as monitored by the
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Foreign Broadcast Monitoring Service, <ent type='ORG'>Federal Communications Commission</ent>.
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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And we say that the war will not end as the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> imagine it
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will, namely with the uprooting of the <ent type='NORP'>Aryans</ent>, but the result of
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this war will be the complete annihilation of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>.</p>
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<p>Excerpts from the meeting between <ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent> and the <ent type='ORG'>Mufti</ent>,
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<ent type='PERSON'>Haj Amin Husseini</ent>, on 28 November 1941. The notes were taken by
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Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Paul Otto Schmidt</ent> and are quoted in Fleming's "<ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent> and the
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Final Solution", p. 101-104. Also geheime <ent type='ORG'>Reichssache</ent> 57 a/41, Records
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Dept. Foreign and <ent type='ORG'>Commonwealth Office</ent> Pa/2.
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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The <ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent> then made the following declaration, requesting
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the <ent type='ORG'>Mufti</ent> to lock it deep in his heart:</p>
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<p>1) He (the <ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent>) would carry on the fight until the last
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traces of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>-<ent type='NORP'>Communist</ent> European hegemony had been
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obliterated.</p>
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<p>2) In the course of this fight, the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> army would - at a
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time that could not yet be specified, but in any case in
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the clearly foreseeable future - gain the southern exit of
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<ent type='NORP'>Caucasus</ent>.</p>
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<p>3) As soon as this breakthrough was made, the <ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent> would
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offer the <ent type='NORP'>Arab</ent> world his personal assurance that the hour
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of liberation had struck. Thereafter, <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y's only
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remaining objective in the region would be limited to the
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annihilation of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> living under <ent type='NORP'>British</ent> protection
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in <ent type='NORP'>Arab</ent> lands.</p>
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<p>Adolf <ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent>, quoted in "<ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent>", by <ent type='PERSON'>Joachim Fest</ent>, Vintage
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Books Edition, 1974, p. 679-680:
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---------------------------------------------------------------
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Nature is cruel; therefore we are also entitled to be cruel. When I
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send the flower of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> youth into the steel hail of the next war
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without feeling the slightest regret over the precious <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> blood
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that is being spilled, should I not also have the right to eliminate
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millions of an inferior race that multiplies like vermin?</p>
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Speechs</ent> by <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> before senior SS officers in <ent type='GPE'>Poznan</ent>,
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October 4 and 6, 1943
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[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
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<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XIII, p. 323, and
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<ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS - P. Padfield, <ent type='PERSON'>Henry Holt</ent> and Co, NY, 1990,
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p. 469]
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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I mean the evacuation of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, the extermination of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
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race. It's one of those things it is easy to talk about, "the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
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race is being exterminated", says one party member, "that's quite
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clear, it's in our program, elimination of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, and we're doing
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it, exterminating them". And then they come, 80 million worthy
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<ent type='NORP'>German</ent>s, and each one has his decent <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>. Of course the others are
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vermin, but this one is an A-1 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>. Not one of those who talk this way
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has watched it, not one of them has gone through it. Most of you know
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what it means when 100 corpses are lying side by side, or 500, or
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1000. To have stuck it out and at the same time - apart from
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exceptions caused by human weakness - to have remained decent fellows,
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that is what has made us hard. This is a page of glory in our history
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which has never been written and is never to be written.</p>
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<p>I ask of you that what I say in this circle you really only hear and
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never speak of. We come to the question: how is it with the women and
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the children? I have resolved even here on a completely clear
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solution. That is to say I do not consider myself justified in
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eradicating the men - so to speak killing or ordering them killed -
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and allowing the avengers in the shape of the children to grow up for
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our sons and grandsons. The difficult decision has to be taken, to
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cause this <ent type='PERSON'>Volk</ent> [people] to disappear from the earth.</p>
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<p>[This speech was recorded; the magnetic tapes are in the national
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archives in <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, DC]</p>
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<p>
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Speech by <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> at <ent type='GPE'>Kharkow</ent>, April 1943
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[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
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Off., 1946, Vol. IV, p. 572-574]
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----------------------------------------------------------
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We have - I would say, as very consistent National Socialists,
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taken the question of blood as our starting point. We were the
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first really to solve the problem of blood by action, and in
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this connection, by problem of blood, we of course do not
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mean antisemitism. Antisemitism is exactly the same as delousing.
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Getting rid of lice is not a question of ideology. It is a
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matter of cleanliness.</p>
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<p>The <ent type='PERSON'>Goebbels</ent> [<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> propaganda Minister] Diaries, February 14 1942
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[The <ent type='PERSON'>Goebbels</ent> Diaries 1942-1943 - L.P. Lochner, Doubleday & Co., 1948,
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p. 86]
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----------------------------------------------------------------
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World <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ry will suffer a great catastrophe at the same time as
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<ent type='NORP'>Bolshevism</ent>. The <ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent> once more expressed his determination to
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clean up the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in Europe pitilessly. There must be no squeamish
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sentimentalism about it. The <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> have deserved the catastrophe that
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has now overtaken them. Their destruction will now go hand in hand
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with the destruction of our enemies. We must hasten this process
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with cold ruthlessness.</p>
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<p>The <ent type='PERSON'>Goebbels</ent> [<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> propaganda Minister] diaries, March 27, 1942:
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[The <ent type='PERSON'>Goebbels</ent> Diaries 1942-1943 - L.P. Lochner, Doubleday & Co., 1948,
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p. 147-148]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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Beginning with <ent type='GPE'>Lublin</ent>, the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in <ent type='ORG'>the General Government</ent>
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[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>] are now being evacuated eastward. The procedure
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is a pretty barbaric one and not to be described here more definitely.
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Not much will remain of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>. On the whole it can be said that about
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60 per cent of them will have to be liquidated whereas only 40 per cent
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can be used for forced labor.</p>
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<p>Speech by <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent> [Governor of occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>], to <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldiers
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in <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>, urging them to write home
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[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
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Off., 1946, Vol. II, p. 633-634]
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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In all these weeks, they [i.e., your families] will be thinking
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of you, saying to themselves: my God, there he sits in
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<ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent> where there are so many lice and <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, perhaps he is
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hungry and cold, perhaps he is afraid to write.
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It would not be a bad idea to send our dear ones back home a
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picture, and tell them: well now, there are not so many
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lice and <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> any more, and conditions here in the General
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Government have changed and improved somewhat already. Of
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course, I could not eliminate all lice and <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in only one
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year's time. But in the course of time, and above all, if you
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help me, this end will be attained. After all, it is not
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necessary for us to accomplish everything within a year and
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right away, for what would otherwise be left for those who
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follow us to do?</p>
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<p>Speech by <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent> [Governor of occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>], December 16 1941
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[Documents on the <ent type='EVENT'>Holocaust</ent> - Edited by Y. Arad, Y. Gutman, A. <ent type='GPE'>Margaliot</ent>,
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NY, Ktav Pub. House in Association with Yad-Vashem, 1981, p. 247, <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent>
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Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
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Off., 1946 Vol. II p. 634]
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---------------------------------------------------------------
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One way or another -- I will tell you quite openly -- we must finish
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off the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>. The <ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent> put it into words once: should united <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ry
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again succeed in setting off a world war, then the blood sacrifice
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shall not be made only by the peoples driven into war, but then the
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<ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> of Europe will have met his end....</p>
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<p>But what should be done with the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>? Can you believe that they will
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be accommodated in settlements in the <ent type='GPE'>Ostland</ent>? In <ent type='GPE'>Berlin</ent> we were told:
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why are you making all this trouble? We don't want them either, not in
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<ent type='GPE'>Ostland</ent> nor in the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>skommissariat; liquidate them yourselves!
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Gentlemen, I must ask you to steel yourselves against all
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considerations of compassion. We must destroy the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> wherever we
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find them, and wherever it is at all possible, in order to maintain
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the whole structure of the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>...</p>
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<p>The <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> represent for us also extraordinary malignant gluttons. We
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have now approximately 2500000 of them in <ent type='ORG'>the General Government</ent>
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[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>], perhaps with the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> mixtures and
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everything that goes with it, 3500000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>. We cannot shoot or
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poison those 3500000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, but we shall nevertheless be able to take
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measures which will lead somehow to their annihilation, and this in
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connection with the gigantic measures to be determined in discussions
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with the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>.</p>
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<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Hoppner</ent>, higher SS and Police leader in the <ent type='ORG'>Warthegau</ent>, to
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SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Eichmann, July 16 1941
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[Documents of Destruction - R. Hilberg, <ent type='ORG'>Quadrangle Books</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Chicago</ent>, 1971, p. 87]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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Enclosed is a memorandum on the results of various discussions held
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locally in the office of the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Governor...</p>
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<p>Subject: Solution of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> question
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.
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.</p>
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<p>4) This winter there is a danger that not all of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> can be fed
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anymore. One might weigh honestly, if the most humane solution
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might not be to finish off those of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> who are not employable
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by means of some quick-working device. At any rate, that would be
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more pleasant than to let them starve to death.
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5) For the rest, the proposal was made that in this camp all the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
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women, from whom one could still expect children, should be
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sterilized so that the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> problem may actually be solved
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completely with this generation.</p>
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<p>Extracts from the minutes of the Wannsee conference, January 20
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1942, regarding the "Final Solution of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> Question"
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[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
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<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XIII, p. 210-216]
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---------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.
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II. At the beginning of the meeting the Chief of the <ent type='ORG'>Security</ent>
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Police and the SD, SS Lieutenant General <ent type='PERSON'>Heydrich</ent>, reported his
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appointment by the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Marshal [<ent type='PERSON'>Goering</ent>] to service as
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Commissioner for the preparation of the Final Solution of the
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European <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> Problem....</p>
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<p>In the course of this final solution of the European <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
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Problem, approximately 11 million <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> are involved. They are
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distributed among individual countries as follows:</p>
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<p>A. Original <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Territory [<ent type='GPE'>Altreich</ent>] 131800
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<ent type='GPE'>Austria</ent> 43700
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<ent type='LOC'>East</ent>ern territories 420000
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Government General [<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>] 2284000
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.
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.
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.
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The Netherlands 160800
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.
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.
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<ent type='GPE'>Rumania</ent>, including <ent type='GPE'>Bessarabia</ent> 342000
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.
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.
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Hungary 742800
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<ent type='GPE'>USSR</ent> 5000000
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.
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.
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White <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>, excluding <ent type='PERSON'>Bialystok</ent> 446484</p>
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<p>[Many countries deleted for brevity]</p>
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<p> TOTAL over 11000000
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.
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.</p>
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<p>Under proper direction the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> should now in the course of the
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Final Solution be brought to the <ent type='LOC'>East</ent> in a suitable way for use
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as labor. In big labor gangs, with separation of the sexes, the
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<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> capable of work are brought to these areas and employed in
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road building, in which task undoubtedly a great part will fall
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out through natural diminution.</p>
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<p>The remnant that finally is able to survive all this - since this
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is undoubtedly the part with the strongest resistance - must
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be treated accordingly since these people, representing a natural
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selection, are to be regarded as the germ cell of a new <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
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development. (See the experience of history).</p>
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<p>In the program of the practical execution of the Final Solution,
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Europe is combed through from the <ent type='LOC'>West</ent> to the <ent type='LOC'>East</ent>...
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.
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.
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In the course of the final solution plans, the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> laws
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are in a certain degree to form the basis, and accordingly the
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complete settlement of the problem is to include also the
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solution of the mixed marriage and the <ent type='PERSON'>Mischling</ent> [people partly
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of <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> descent]...</p>
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<p>The first degree <ent type='PERSON'>Mischling</ent> excepted from the evacuation is to
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be sterilized in order to prevent any offspring and to settle
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the <ent type='PERSON'>Mischling</ent> problem once and for all...</p>
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<p>Excerpted from a memorandum dated 27 April, 1942 by Dr. Erhard
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Wetzel (a lawyer), who was serving as desk officer in the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>
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Ministry for the <ent type='LOC'>East</ent>ern Territories
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["<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent>sm: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts, 1919-1945",
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Volume II, J.Noakes and G.Pridham, editors. <ent type='ORG'>Schocken Books</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>New York</ent>,
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(c)1988 by <ent type='ORG'>the Dept</ent>. of History and Archeology, University of Exeter.
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|
ISBN 0-8053-0973-5 (vol. 1), 0-8052-0972-7 (vol. 2). Document #690 on
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p.979]
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Re: the Solution of the <ent type='NORP'>Polish</ent> Question </p>
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|
|
<p> ...It should be obvious that one cannot solve the <ent type='NORP'>Polish</ent> problem by
|
|
liquidating the <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>s in the same way as the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>. Such a solution
|
|
to the <ent type='NORP'>Polish</ent> problem would burden the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> people with guilt for
|
|
years to come and lose us the sympathies of people everywhere,
|
|
particularly since our neighbors would be bound to reckon that
|
|
they would be treated in the same way when the time came. </p>
|
|
|
|
<p>A letter to <ent type='PERSON'>Rosenberg</ent> enclosing reports from <ent type='ORG'>Generalkommisar</ent> for
|
|
white <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>Kube</ent>, about the extermination of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in the east,
|
|
June 18 1943
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol I, p. 1001]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
...The fact that <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> receive special treatment requires no further
|
|
discussion. However, it appears hardly believable that this is done
|
|
in the way described in the report of the General Commissioner of
|
|
1 June 1943. What is <ent type='PERSON'>Katyn</ent> against that? Imagine only that these
|
|
occurrences would become known to the other side and exploited by them!
|
|
Most likely such propaganda would have no effect only because
|
|
people who hear who hear and read about it simply would not be ready
|
|
to believe it.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>["Special treatment" and "resettlement" mean extermination, as is
|
|
obvious from many such documents; consider, for instance, the
|
|
following]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Memorandum</ent> of <ent type='ORG'>Gestapo Headquarters</ent>, 15 June 1944
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. IV, p. 1166]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
In amending my directive of June 20 1944, I request that those people
|
|
subject to special treatment be sent to a crematorium to be cremated
|
|
if possible.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>GAS CHAMBERS AND GASSING VANS (See also "<ent type='ORG'>AUSCHWITZ</ent>")
|
|
****************************************************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Erhard Wetzel</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>skommissar Lohse, October 25, 1941
|
|
[<ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent> and the Final Solution - G. <ent type='ORG'>Fleming</ent>, University of California
|
|
Press, 1984, p. 70]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
With regard to my letter of 18 October 1941, please be informed that
|
|
Oberdiensleiter [Chief Executive Officer] Brack from the Fuehrer's
|
|
Chancellory has stated his readiness to assist in the construction of
|
|
the necessary accommodations and gassing apparatuses, so they must
|
|
first be constructed. Brack's view is that, since construction of the
|
|
apparatuses within the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> would present far greater difficulties
|
|
than on-site production, the most expedient course of action is to
|
|
send his people directly to <ent type='GPE'>Riga</ent>, in particular his chemist Dr.
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Kallmeyer</ent>, who will take the necessary steps from there.
|
|
Oberdiensleiter Brack further points out that the procedure in
|
|
question is not without its hazards, and that therefore special safety
|
|
precautions are needed. Under these circumstances, I ask you to
|
|
contact Oberdiensleiter Brack in the Fuehrer's Chancellory through
|
|
your higher SS and Police leader. Please request from him the
|
|
dispatching of the chemist Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Kallmeyer</ent> and any further assistants
|
|
that are needed. I might further point out that Sturmbannfuehrer
|
|
Eichmann, the adviser on <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> affairs in the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> main security
|
|
office, is in complete accord with this procedure. According to the
|
|
information received here from <ent type='PERSON'>Sturmbannfuehrer Eichmann</ent>, camps for
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> will be set up in <ent type='GPE'>Riga</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Minsk</ent>, where <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> from the <ent type='GPE'>Altreich</ent>
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y proper] might also be sent. <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> are currently being
|
|
evacuated from the <ent type='GPE'>Altreich</ent> to <ent type='GPE'>Lodz</ent> and other camps, from which those
|
|
fit for work will be transferred to work forces in the east. Given the
|
|
present situation, <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> who are not fit for work can be eliminated
|
|
without qualms through use of the Brack device. Incidents such as
|
|
those that took place during the shootings of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Vilna</ent>, according
|
|
to a report I have on my desk, can hardly be sanctioned, keeping in
|
|
mind that the executions were undertaken openly, and the new
|
|
procedures assure that such incidents will no longer be possible. <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>
|
|
fit for work, on the other hand, will be transported to work forces in
|
|
the east. That the men and women in this latter group must be kept
|
|
apart from each other goes without saying. Please keep me informed as
|
|
to any further measures you take.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from Dr August <ent type='PERSON'>Becker</ent> to SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Rauff, 16 May 1942
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol III, p. 418]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
I ordered the vans of group D to be camouflaged as house trailers by
|
|
putting one set of window shutters on each side of the small van and
|
|
two on each side of the large vans, such as one often sees on farm
|
|
houses in the country. The vans became so well known, that not only
|
|
the authorities but also the civilian population called the van "death
|
|
van", as soon as one of these vehicles appeared. It is my opinion the
|
|
van cannot be kept secret for any length of time, not even
|
|
camouflaged...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Besides that, I ordered that during application of gas all the men
|
|
were to be kept as far away from the vans as possible, so they should
|
|
not suffer damage to their health by the gas which eventually would
|
|
escape. I should like to take this opportunity to bring the following
|
|
to your attention: several commands have had the unloading after the
|
|
application of gas done by their own men. I brought to the attention
|
|
of those S.K [Special Kommando] concerned the immense psychological
|
|
injuries and damages involved to their health that this work can have
|
|
for those men, even if not immediately, at least later on. The men
|
|
complained to me about head-aches which appeared after each unloading.
|
|
Nevertheless they don't want to change the orders, because they are
|
|
afraid prisoners called for that work could use an opportune moment to
|
|
flee. To protect the men from these damages, I request orders to be
|
|
issued accordingly.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The application of the gas is not undertaken correctly. In order to
|
|
come to an end as fast as possible, the driver presses the accelerator
|
|
to the fullest extent. By doing that the persons to be executed suffer
|
|
death from suffocation and not death by dozing off as was planned. My
|
|
directions have now proved that by correct adjustment of the levers
|
|
death comes faster and the prisoners fall asleep peacefully. Distorted
|
|
faces and excretions, such as could be seen before, are no longer
|
|
noticed.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Willy</ent> Just to SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Walter Rauff</ent>, 5 June 1942
|
|
["<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent>sm: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts, 1919-1945",
|
|
Volume II, J.Noakes and G.Pridham, editors. <ent type='ORG'>Schocken Books</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>New York</ent>,
|
|
(c)1988 by <ent type='ORG'>the Dept</ent>. of History and Archeology, University of Exeter.
|
|
ISBN 0-8053-0973-5 (vol. 1), 0-8052-0972-7 (vol. 2). Document #913]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>["<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent>sm: A History in Documents and Eye Witness Accounts, 191-1945" vol. 2,
|
|
document 913]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
RE: Technical alterations to the special vehicles already in operation
|
|
and those in production.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Since December 1941, for example, 97000 have been processed using
|
|
three vans without any faults developing in the vehicles. The
|
|
well-known explosion in <ent type='ORG'>Kulmhof</ent> (<ent type='PERSON'>Chelmno</ent>) must be treated as a special
|
|
case. It was caused by faulty practice. Special instructions have been
|
|
given to the relevant offices in order to avoid such accidents. The
|
|
instructions were such as to ensure a considerable increase in the
|
|
degree of security.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Further operational experience hitherto indicates that the following
|
|
technical alterations are appropriate....</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 2) The vans are normally loaded with 9-10 people per square meter.
|
|
With the large <ent type='ORG'>Saurer</ent> special vans this is not possible because
|
|
although they do not become overloaded their maneuverability is much
|
|
impaired. A reduction in the load area appears desirable. It can be
|
|
achieved by reducing the size of the van by c. 1 meter. The difficulty
|
|
referred to cannot be overcome by reducing the size of the load. For a
|
|
reduction in the numbers will necessitate a longer period of operation
|
|
because the free spaces will have to be filled with CO. By contrast, a
|
|
smaller load area which is completely full requires a much sorter
|
|
period of operation since there are no free spaces.....</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 3) The connecting hoses between the exhaust and the van frequently
|
|
rust through because they are corroded inside by the liquids which
|
|
fall on them. To prevent this the connecting piece must be moved so
|
|
that the gas is fed from the top downwards. This will prevent liquids
|
|
flowing in.....</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 6) The lighting must be better protected against damage than
|
|
hitherto....It has been suggested that lighting should be dispensed
|
|
with since they are allegedly never used. However, experience shows
|
|
that when the rear door is closed and therefore when it becomes dark,
|
|
the cargo presses hard towards the door....It makes it difficult to
|
|
latch the door. Furthermore, it has been observed that the noise
|
|
always begins when the doors are shut presumably because of fear
|
|
brought on by the darkness.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Hauptsturmfuehrer Truehe</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> security office, room 2D3A
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol. I, p. 1001]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
A transport of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, which has to be treated in a special way, arrives
|
|
weekly at the office of the commandant of <ent type='ORG'>the Security Police</ent> and the
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Security</ent> Service of white <ent type='GPE'>Ruthenia</ent>. The three S-vans which are there
|
|
are not sufficient for that purpose. I request assignment of another
|
|
S-van (five tons). At the same time I request the shipment of twenty
|
|
gas hoses for the three S-vans on hand since the ones on hand are leaky
|
|
already.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>DOCUMENTS ABOUT MASS MURDER (See also "THE JAGER REPORT", in "MISC")
|
|
************************************************************************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Regulations for the chief of <ent type='ORG'>the Security Police</ent> and of the
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Security</ent> service, 17 July 1941
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol. III, p. 422-425]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
...By use of such informers and by use of all other existing
|
|
possibilities, the discovery of all elements to be eliminated
|
|
among the prisoners, must succeed step by step at once. The
|
|
commandos must learn for themselves, in every case, by short
|
|
questioning of the informers and eventual questioning of other
|
|
prisoners.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The information of one informer is nor sufficient to designate
|
|
a camp inmate to be a suspect, without further proof; it must
|
|
be confirmed in some way if possible.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Above all, the following must be discovered:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All important functionaries of state and party, especially
|
|
professional revolutionaries.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Functionaries</ent> of the Komintren.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All policy forming party functionaries of the <ent type='ORG'>KPDSU</ent> and its fellow
|
|
organizations in the central committees, in the regional and
|
|
district committees.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All Peoples-Commissars and their deputies.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All former <ent type='ORG'>Political Commissars</ent> in <ent type='ORG'>the Red Army</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Leading personalities of the state authorities of central and
|
|
middle regions.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The leading personalities in the business world.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Members of the <ent type='NORP'>Soviet</ent>-<ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n intelligence.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All persons, who are found to be agitators of fanatical <ent type='NORP'>communists</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='ORG'>Generalkommisar</ent> for white <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>Kube</ent>, to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>kommisar
|
|
for the <ent type='GPE'>Ostland</ent>, Lohse, 31 July 1942
|
|
['The Good Old Days' - E. Klee, W. Dressen, V. <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>The Free Press</ent>,
|
|
NY, 1988, p. 180-181]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
During the course of extensive discussions with SS-Brigadefuehrer Zenner
|
|
and the very competent <ent type='PERSON'>Leiter</ent> of the SD, SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Dr.
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Strauch</ent>, it was established that we have liquidated about 55000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>
|
|
in the past ten weeks...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Naturally the SD and I would prefer to eliminate the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in the
|
|
Generalbezirk of white <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent> once and for all as soon as the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>
|
|
are no longer needed by the <ent type='NORP'>Wehrmacht</ent> for economic reasons. For the time
|
|
being, the Wehrmacht's requirements, as the principle employer of
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> labor, are being taken into account.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report No. 51 of <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent> about mass
|
|
executions in the east, 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XIII, p. 269-272]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
August September October November </p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Prisoners executed
|
|
after interrogation 2100 1400 1596 2731
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
Accomplices of guerrilla and
|
|
guerrilla suspects executed 1198 3020 6333 3706
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> executed 31246 165282 95735 70948
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
Villages and localities
|
|
Burned down or destroyed 35 12 20 92</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS Major-General <ent type='PERSON'>Stahlecker</ent> to SS General <ent type='PERSON'>Heydrich</ent>,
|
|
January 31, 1942
|
|
[The Final Solution: The Attempt to Exterminate the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> of Europe,
|
|
1939-1945 - G. Reitlinger, <ent type='GPE'>South Brunswick</ent>, T. Yosellof, 1968, p. 233]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The complete removal of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ry from the eastern territories has been
|
|
substantially attained, with the exception of white <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>, as a result
|
|
of the execution up to the present time of 229052 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Daily situation report of the <ent type='PERSON'>Einsatzgruppen</ent> (special task forces)
|
|
in <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>, No. 124, October 25th, 1941
|
|
[The Final Solution: The Attempt to Exterminate the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> of Europe,
|
|
1939-1945 - G. Reitlinger, <ent type='GPE'>South Brunswick</ent>, T. Yosellof, 1968, p. 133]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
A second action consisted in applying special treatment to 812
|
|
men and women, all persons without interest from the racial and
|
|
intellectual point of view.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Order by <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>skommissar Lohse to halt the killing of <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> skilled
|
|
workers, December 2 1941
|
|
[Documents on the <ent type='EVENT'>Holocaust</ent> - Edited by Y. Arad, Y. Gutman, A. <ent type='GPE'>Margaliot</ent>,
|
|
NY, Ktav Pub. House in Association with Yad-Vashem, 1981, p. 396]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>skommissar for <ent type='GPE'>Ostland</ent> <ent type='GPE'>Riga</ent>, December 2 1941
|
|
IIa diary No. 220/41g</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The Chief Quartermaster (Chiefintendant) of the <ent type='NORP'>Wehrmacht</ent> Command in
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Ostland</ent> has lodged a complaint that armament plants and repair
|
|
workshops have been deprived of <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> skilled workers through
|
|
their liquidation, and that they cannot be replaced there at the
|
|
present time.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>I request most emphatically that the liquidation of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> employed
|
|
as skilled workers in armament plants and repair workshops of the
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Wehrmacht</ent> who cannot be replaced by local personnel be prevented.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Ereignismeldung UdSSR, No. 101, October 2 1941
|
|
['The Good Old Days' - E. Klee, W. Dressen, V. <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>The Free Press</ent>,
|
|
NY, 1988, p. 67]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Einsatzgruppen</ent> C
|
|
Standort <ent type='GPE'>Kiev</ent></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In collaboration with the group staff and two <ent type='ORG'>Kommandos</ent> of Police
|
|
Regiment South, on 29 and 30 September 1941, <ent type='ORG'>Sonderkommando</ent> 4a
|
|
executed 33771 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Kiev</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Ereignismlrdung UdSSR, No. 128, November 3 1941
|
|
['The Good Old Days' - E. Klee, W. Dressen, V. <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>The Free Press</ent>,
|
|
NY, 1988, p. 68]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
In <ent type='GPE'>Kiev</ent>, difficulties that arose during the execution of a major action
|
|
of this type - particularly with regard to registration - were overcome
|
|
by the use of posters announcing that all <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> were to report for
|
|
resettlement. Although it was initially thought that the action would
|
|
only involve 5000 to 6000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, more than 30000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> reported, who
|
|
as a result of extremely efficient organization still believed they
|
|
were going to be resettled right up until the time they were executed.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Despite that fact that up to now a total of some 75000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> have been
|
|
liquidated in this way, it has nevertheless become apparent that this
|
|
method will not provide a solution to the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> problem.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report from chief of <ent type='ORG'>Security</ent> Police and SD, June 17 1942
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Supplement A, p. 661]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in the <ent type='GPE'>Crimea</ent>.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
Already in 1939, out of 65000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> in the <ent type='GPE'>Crimea</ent>, 44000 (that
|
|
is almost 70 percent) live in the cities of <ent type='GPE'>Simferopol</ent>, Sevastopol,
|
|
Kertch, <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>patoria, Yalta, and <ent type='LOC'>Feodosia</ent> alone...
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
Of the <ent type='GPE'>Krimtschaks</ent> (approx. 6000) who were generally counted to
|
|
be <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, about half lived for the greater part in <ent type='GPE'>Simferopol</ent>
|
|
(2500) and in <ent type='ORG'>Karasubarsar</ent>. Their annihilation together with
|
|
that of the real <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> and the <ent type='ORG'>Gypsies</ent> in the <ent type='GPE'>Crimea</ent> took part
|
|
place essentially until the beginning of December 1941.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Weekly</ent> report from Frank's [Governor of occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>] propaganda
|
|
department, October 26, 1942
|
|
[The Final Solution: The Attempt to Exterminate the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> of Europe,
|
|
1939-1945 - G. Reitlinger, <ent type='GPE'>South Brunswick</ent>, T. Yosellof, 1968, p. 283]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The resettlement of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> (which partly assumes forms not worthy of
|
|
a cultured people) directly provokes comparison of the methods of
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>Gestapo</ent> with those of the <ent type='ORG'>GPU</ent>. The railway wagons are said to
|
|
be in such a bad state that it is impossible to prevent <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> breaking
|
|
out. The result is that at wayside stations there occur wild shootings
|
|
and regular man-hunts. It is also reported that corpses of shot <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>
|
|
lie on the streets for days. Although the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>s, as well as
|
|
the foreign population, are convinced of the necessity of liquidating
|
|
all <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, it would still be more appropriate to carry this out in
|
|
a manner that causes less sensation and offense.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Order of Boehme, Commanding General <ent type='GPE'>Serbia</ent>, October 10 1941,
|
|
Regarding Executions of Hostages
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XI, p. 977]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
2. In all garrison towns in <ent type='GPE'>Serbia</ent> all <ent type='NORP'>Communists</ent>, male residents
|
|
suspected as such, all <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, a certain number of nationalistic and
|
|
democratically inclined residents are to be arrested as hostages,
|
|
by means of sudden action...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 3. If losses of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldiers or ethnic <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>s occur, the
|
|
territorially competent commanders up to the regimental commanders
|
|
are to decree the shooting of arrestees according to the
|
|
following quotas:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> a. For each killed or murdered <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldier or ethnic <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> (man,
|
|
woman or child) 100 prisoners or hostages.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> b. For each wounded <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldier or ethnic <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>, 50 prisoners
|
|
or hostages.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The shootings are to be carried out by the troops.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Order of Commanding General in <ent type='GPE'>Serbia</ent>, October 4 1941, ordering mass
|
|
execution of concentration camp inmates for the killing of 21 <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>
|
|
Soldiers
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XI, p. 976]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Twenty-one soldiers were tortured to death by <ent type='NORP'>Communist</ent> bandits
|
|
in a bestial manner on 2 October in a surprise attack units of
|
|
the signal regiment between <ent type='GPE'>Belgrade</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Obrenovac</ent>. As reprisal
|
|
and retaliation, 100 <ent type='GPE'>Serbia</ent>n prisoners are to be shot at once
|
|
for each murdered <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldier. The Chief of the Military
|
|
administration is requested to pick out 2100 inmates in the
|
|
concentration camp <ent type='ORG'>Sabac</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Belgrade</ent> (primarily <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> and
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Communists</ent>) and to fix the time and place as well as burial place.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>THE EXTERMINATION OF THE INSANE
|
|
*******************************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from chief of institution for feeble-minded in <ent type='GPE'>Stetten</ent> to
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Minister of justice Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent>, September 6 1940
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 854]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Minister,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The measure being taken at present with mental patients of all
|
|
kinds have caused a complete lack of confidence in justice among
|
|
large groups of people. Without the consent of relatives and
|
|
guardians, such patients are being transferred to different
|
|
institutions. After a short time they are notified that the
|
|
person concerned has died of some disease...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the state really wants to carry out the extermination of these
|
|
or at least of some mental patients, shouldn't a law be
|
|
promulgated, which can be justified before the people - a law
|
|
that would give everyone the assurance od careful examination
|
|
as to whether he is due to die or entitled to live and which
|
|
would also give the relatives a chance to be heard, in a
|
|
similar way, as provided by the law for the prevention of
|
|
Hereditarily affected Progeny?</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from Dr. Wurm, of <ent type='ORG'>the Wuerttemberg Evangelical</ent> Provincial Church,
|
|
to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Minister of interior Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Frick</ent>, September 5 1940
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Supp. A, p. 1223]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Minister,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>On July 19th I sent you a letter about the systematic extermination
|
|
of lunatics, feeble-minded and epileptic persons. Since then this
|
|
practice has reached tremendous proportions: recently the inmates of
|
|
old-age homes have also been included. The basis for this practice
|
|
seems to be that in an efficient nation there should be no room
|
|
for weak and frail people. It is evident from the many reports which
|
|
we are receiving that the people's feelings are being badly hurt
|
|
by the measures ordered and that the feeling of legal insecurity
|
|
is spreading which is regrettable from the point of view of national
|
|
and state interest.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from Dr. <ent type='NORP'>Hilfrich</ent>, Bishop of <ent type='GPE'>Limburg</ent>, to the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Minister of
|
|
Justice, August 13 1941
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 845-846]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Regarding the report submitted on July 16 by the Chairman of the <ent type='ORG'>Fulda</ent>
|
|
Bishops' conference, Cardinal Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Bertram</ent>, I consider it my duty to
|
|
present the following as a concrete illustration of destruction of
|
|
so-called "useless life".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>About 8 Kilometers from <ent type='GPE'>Limburg</ent> in the little town of <ent type='PERSON'>Hadamar</ent>, on a
|
|
hill overlooking the town, there is an institution which had formerly
|
|
served various purposes and of late had been used as a nursing home.
|
|
This institution was renovated and furnished as a place in which, by
|
|
consensus of opinion, the above mentioned Euthanasia has been
|
|
systematically practiced for months-approximately since February
|
|
1941. This fact is, of course, known beyond the administrative
|
|
district of <ent type='GPE'>Wiesbaden</ent>...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Several times a week buses arrive in <ent type='PERSON'>Hadamar</ent>d with a considerable
|
|
number of such victims. School children of the vicinity know this
|
|
vehicle and say "here comes the murder-box again". After the arrival
|
|
of the vehicle, the citizens of <ent type='PERSON'>Hadamar</ent> watch the smoke rise out of
|
|
the chimney...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The effect of the principles at work here that children call each
|
|
other names and say "you're crazy; you'll be sent to the baking oven
|
|
in <ent type='PERSON'>Hadamar</ent>"...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All God-fearing man consider this destruction of helpless beings a
|
|
crass injustice...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Officials of the State Police, it is said, are trying to suppress
|
|
discussions of the <ent type='PERSON'>Hadamar</ent> occurrences by means of severe threats...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>I beg you most humbly, Herr <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Minister, in the sense of the report
|
|
of the Episcopate of 16 July of this year, to prevent further
|
|
transgressions of the Fifth Commandment of God.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> to SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Oberfuehrer Brack</ent>,
|
|
19 December 1940
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 856]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear Brack,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>I hear there is great excitement on the <ent type='ORG'>Alb</ent> because of the Grafeneck
|
|
Institution.
|
|
The population recognizes the gray automobiles of the SS and think they
|
|
know what is going on at the constantly smoking crematory. What happens
|
|
there is a secret and yet is no longer one. Thus the worst feeling has
|
|
arisen there, and in my opinion there remains only one thing, to
|
|
discontinue the use of the institution in this place and in any event
|
|
disseminate information in a clever and sensible manner by showing motion
|
|
pictures on the subject of inherited and mental diseases in just that
|
|
locality.
|
|
May I ask for a report as to how the difficult problem is solved?</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Extract from the Diary of General <ent type='PERSON'>Halder</ent>, September-November 1941
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. X, p. 1195-1196]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
26 September 1941:
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
h. Mental institutions in <ent type='ORG'>Army Group</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>North</ent>. <ent type='NORP'>Russians</ent> regards the
|
|
feebleminded as sacred beings. Killing them is necessary,
|
|
nontheless.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='EVENT'>MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS</ent> I: MASS STERILIZATION
|
|
*****************************************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Oberfuehrer Brack</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, June 23, 1942
|
|
[Documents on the <ent type='EVENT'>Holocaust</ent> - Edited by Y. Arad, Y. Gutman, A. <ent type='GPE'>Margaliot</ent>,
|
|
NY, Ktav Pub. House in Association with Yad-Vashem, 1981, p. 272]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Honorable Mr. <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer!</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>On instruction from <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sleiter Bouhler I placed a part of my men at
|
|
the disposal of Brigadefuehrer Globocnik some considerable time ago
|
|
for his special task. Following a further request from him, I have
|
|
now made available more personnel. On this occasion Brigadefuehrer
|
|
Globocnik pressed the view that the whole action against the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>
|
|
should be carried out as quickly as it is in any way possible, so
|
|
that we will not some day be stuck in the middle should any kind
|
|
of difficulty make it necessary to stop the action. you yourself,
|
|
Mr. <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer, expressed the view to me at an earlier time that
|
|
one must work as fast as possible, if only for reasons of concealment.
|
|
Both views are more than justified according to my own experience,
|
|
and basically they produce the same results. Nevertheless I beg to
|
|
be permitted to present the following consideration of my own in
|
|
this connection:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>According to my impression there are at least 2-3 million men and
|
|
women well fit for work among the approx. 10 million European
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>. In consideration of the exceptional difficulties posed for
|
|
us by the question of labor, I am of the opinion that these 2-3
|
|
million should in any case be taken out and kept alive. Of course
|
|
this can only be done if they are in the same time rendered
|
|
incapable of reproduction. I reported to you about a year ago that
|
|
persons under my instruction have completed the necessary experiments
|
|
for this purpose. I wish to bring up these facts again. The type
|
|
of sterilization which is normally carried out on persons with
|
|
genetic disease is out of the question in this case, as it takes
|
|
too much time and is expensive. Castration by means of X-rays,
|
|
however, is not only relatively cheap, but can be carried out on
|
|
many thousands in a very short time. I believe that it has become
|
|
unimportant at the present time whether those affected will then
|
|
in the course of a few weeks or months realize by the effects that
|
|
they are castrated.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In the event, Mr. <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer, that you decide to choose these
|
|
means in the interest of maintaining labor-material, <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sleiter
|
|
Bouhler will be ready to provide the doctors and other personnel
|
|
needed to carry out this work. He also instructed me to inform you
|
|
that I should then order the required equipment as quickly as
|
|
possible.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from Dr. Pokorny to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, October 1941
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Supp. A, p. 1279]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Prompted by the thought that the enemy must not only be conquered but
|
|
exterminated, I feel obliged to submit the following to you as the
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Plenipotentiary for the Consolidation of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> Folkdom:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Dr. <ent type='GPE'>Madous</ent> is publishing the results of his research into sterilization
|
|
by medicaments (I enclose both works). In reading this article, I was
|
|
struck by the enormous importance of this medicament in the present
|
|
struggle of our people. Should it be possible to produce as soon as
|
|
possible, as a result of this research, a medicament which, after a
|
|
comparatively brief period, would cause an unnoticed sterilization
|
|
in individuals, we would have in our disposal a new and very effective
|
|
weapon. The thought alone that the 3 million <ent type='NORP'>Bolsheviks</ent> now in <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>
|
|
captivity could be sterilized, so that they would be available for
|
|
work but precluded from propagation, opens up the most far-reaching
|
|
perspectives.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Oberfuehrer Gund to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>,
|
|
August 24, 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 717]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
At the orders of <ent type='NORP'>Gauleiter</ent> Dr. Jury, his staff have hitherto busied
|
|
themselves especially with the problems of population, racial policy,
|
|
and antisocial elements. Since the prevenation of reproduction by
|
|
the congenitally unfit and racially inferior belongs to the duties
|
|
of our National Socialist racial and demographic policy, the present
|
|
director of <ent type='ORG'>the District Office for</ent> Racial Policy, Gauhauptstellenleiter
|
|
Dr. Fehringer, has examined the question of sterilization and found
|
|
that the methods so far available, castration and sterilization, are
|
|
not sufficient in themselves to meet expectations. Consequently, the
|
|
obvious question occurred to him whether impotence and sterility in
|
|
could not be produced in men and women by the administration of medicine
|
|
or injections...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The director of my race policy office points out that the necessary
|
|
research and human experiments could be undertaken by by an
|
|
appropriately selected medical staff, basing their work on the
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Madaus</ent> animal experiments in cooperation with the pharmacological
|
|
institute of <ent type='ORG'>the Faculty</ent> of Medicine of <ent type='GPE'>Vienna</ent>, on the persons of
|
|
of the inmates of the <ent type='NORP'>Gypsy</ent> camp of <ent type='GPE'>Lackenbach</ent> in Lower Danube.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> to SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Oberfuehrer Brack</ent>, 11 August
|
|
1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 722]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear Brack,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>It is only today that I have the opportunity of acknowledging the
|
|
receipt of your letter of June 23. I am positively interested in
|
|
seeing the sterilization by X-rays tried out at least once in one camp
|
|
in a series of experiments.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='GPE'>Blankenburg</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, 29 April 1944
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, 723]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
By order of <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sleiter Bouhler I submit to you as an enclosure a work
|
|
of Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Horst Schumann</ent> on the influence of X-rays on human genital glands.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Previously you have asked <ent type='PERSON'>Oberfuehrer Brack</ent> to perform this work, and
|
|
you supported it by providing the adequate material in the concentration
|
|
camp Auschwitz. I point especially to the second part of this work,
|
|
which shows that by those means castration of males is almost impossible
|
|
or requires an effort which does not pay. As I have convinced myself,
|
|
operative castration requires not more than 6 to 7 minutes, and therefore
|
|
can be performed more reliably and quicker than castration by X-rays.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Soon I will be able to submit a continuation of this work to you.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent> to Prof. <ent type='PERSON'>Clauberg</ent>, 10 July 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 729]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Today the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader SS charged me with transmitting to you his wish
|
|
that you go to <ent type='ORG'>Ravensbrueck</ent> after you have had another talk with
|
|
SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl</ent> and the camp physician of the women's
|
|
concentration camp <ent type='ORG'>Ravensbrueck</ent>, in order to perform the sterilization
|
|
of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses according to your method...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Thorough experiments should be conducted to investigate the effect of
|
|
the sterilization largely in a way that you find out after a certain
|
|
time, which you would have to fix, perhaps by X-rays, what kind of
|
|
changes have taken place. In some cases a practical experiment might
|
|
be arranged by locking up a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess and a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> together for a certain
|
|
period and then seeing what results are achieved.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Memorandum</ent> of SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent> on discussion between
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Gebhart</ent>, Gluecks, and <ent type='PERSON'>Clauberg</ent> concerning sterilization
|
|
experiments conducted on <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 728]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent> Headquarters, July 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>On 7 July 1942 a discussion took place between the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader SS,
|
|
SS-Brigadefuehrer Professor Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Gebhart</ent>, SS-Brigadefuehrer Gluecks,
|
|
and SS-Brigadefuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Clauberg</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Koenigshette</ent>. The topic of the
|
|
discussion was the sterilization of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses. The <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader
|
|
SS has promised Brigadefuehrer Professor <ent type='PERSON'>Clauberg</ent> that Auschwitz
|
|
concentration camp will be at his disposal for his experiments on
|
|
human beings and animals. By means of some fundamental experiments,
|
|
a method should be found which would lead to sterilization of persons
|
|
without their knowledge. The <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader SS wanted to get another
|
|
report as soon as the result of these experiments was known, so
|
|
that the sterilization of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses could then be carried out in
|
|
actuality.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>It should also be examined, preferably in cooperation with Professor
|
|
Dr. Hohlfelder, an X-ray specialist in <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y, what way sterilization
|
|
of men could be achieved by X-ray treatment.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader SS called the special attention of all gentlemen
|
|
present to the fact that the matter involved was most secret and
|
|
should be discussed only with the officers in charge and that
|
|
the persons present at the experiments had to pledge secrecy.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from Professor <ent type='PERSON'>Clauberg</ent> to <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, June 7 1943, on his
|
|
research concerning sterilization of women
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol 1, p. 730]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Today I am fulfilling my obligation to report to you from time to
|
|
time about the state of my research work...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The method I contrived to achieve the sterilization of the female
|
|
organism without operation is as good as perfected. It can be
|
|
performed by a single injection made through the entrance of
|
|
the uterus in the course of the customary gynecological
|
|
examination known to every physician. If I say that the
|
|
method is "as good as perfected" this means:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. Still to be worked out are only minor improvements of the method.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>2. Already today it could be put to practical use in the course
|
|
of our regular eugenic sterilization and could thus replace
|
|
the operation.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>As to the question which you, <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader, asked me almost a
|
|
one year ago, i.e., how much time would probably be required
|
|
to sterilize 1000 women by using this method. Today I can
|
|
answer you with regard to the future as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If my researches continue to have the same results as up to
|
|
now - and there is no reason to doubt that - then the moment is
|
|
not far off when I can say:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>"One adequately trained physician in one adequately equipped
|
|
place, with perhaps 10 assistants (the number of assistants in
|
|
conformity with the speed desired) will most likely be able to
|
|
deal with several hundred, if not even 1000 per day".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='EVENT'>MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS</ent> II: FREEZING, LOW PRESSURE AND OTHERS
|
|
*********************************************************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Standartenfuehrer Sievers to SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer
|
|
Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent>, November 2 1942
|
|
[Trial of <ent type='EVENT'>the Major War Criminals Before</ent> the International Military
|
|
Tribunal, Vol. XX, p. 520]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear Comarade <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent>,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>As you know, the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS has directed that
|
|
SS-Hauptsturmfuehrer Prof. Dr. Hirt be supplied with everything
|
|
needed for his research work. For certain anthropological
|
|
researches - I already reported to the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS on
|
|
them - 150 skeletons of prisoners, or rather <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, are
|
|
required, which are to be supplied by the KL Auschwitz.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Graum</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, June 1 1943
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Supp. A, p. 1273]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The fuehrer's Commissioner-General, SS Brigadefuehrer Professor Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent>,
|
|
called me with the request that I should assist him by placing prisoners
|
|
at his disposal for research work into the cause of contagious
|
|
jaundice (Hepatitis epidemica) which he was furthering considerably.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The work has been carried out up to now by a medical captain, Dr. Dohmen,
|
|
within the framework of the research place of the army medical inspectorate,
|
|
with the participation of the <ent type='PERSON'>Robert Koch</ent> institute. It has up to now led
|
|
to the result, in agreement with the result of other <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> research
|
|
workers, that contagious jaundice is not carried by bacteria but by a
|
|
virus. In order to increase our knowledge, which is based up to now
|
|
only on vaccination experiments from men to animals, the reverse way
|
|
is now necessary, namely the vaccination of the cultivated virus germ
|
|
into humans. One must reckon on cases of death.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter to SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl</ent>, 19 May 1944
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Supp. A, p. 1270-1271]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear <ent type='PERSON'>Obergruppenfuehrer</ent>,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Following our application of 30.9.43, you gave me your authorization on the
|
|
25.10.43 for the carrying out of experiments with a view to producing a
|
|
new kind of spotted fever serum and transferred 100 suitable prisoners
|
|
to <ent type='PERSON'>Natzweiler</ent> for this purpose. It has been possible to carry out the
|
|
experiments very satisfactorily so far with the help of the chief of
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Department</ent> D III, SS Standartenfuehrer Dr. Dolling commissioned by you.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Sturmbannfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent> to SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Sievers,
|
|
21 March 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 144]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Reference is made to the subatmospheric pressure experiments which are
|
|
being carried out on concentration camp inmates in the <ent type='LOC'>Dachau</ent> camp by
|
|
the air force. The <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader-SS has approved the experiments under
|
|
the conditions that SS-Untersturmfuehrer Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Rascher</ent> who is an
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Obersturmfuehrer</ent> in the air-force, will take part in them.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Rascher</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>,
|
|
5 April 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 144-147]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Highly esteemed <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Enclosed is an interim report on the low-pressure experiments so far
|
|
conducted in the concentration camp of <ent type='LOC'>Dachau</ent>...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Only continuous experiments at altitudes higher than 10.5 Km resulted
|
|
in death. These experiments showed that breathing stopped after about
|
|
30 minutes, while in two cases the electrocardiographically charted
|
|
action of the heart continued for another 20 minutes.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The third experiment of this type took such an extraordinary course
|
|
that I called an SS physician of the camp as a witness, since I had
|
|
worked on these experiments all by myself. It was a continuous
|
|
experiment without oxygen at a height of 12 Km. conducted on a 37-year
|
|
old <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> in good general condition. Breathing continued up to 30
|
|
minutes. After 4 minutes the experimental subject began to perspire
|
|
and to wiggle his head, after 5 minutes cramps occurred, between 6
|
|
and 10 minutes breathing increased in speed and the experimental
|
|
subject became unconscious; from 11 to 30 minutes breathing slowed
|
|
down to three breaths per minute, finally stopping altogether. </p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Severest</ent> cyanosis developed in between and foam appeared at the mouth...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Autopsy report
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>One hour later after breathing had stopped, the spinal marrow was
|
|
completely severed and the brain was removed. Thereupon the action
|
|
of the auricle stopped for 40 seconds. In then renewed its action,
|
|
coming to a complete standstill 8 minutes later. A heavy subarchnoid
|
|
oedema was found in the brain. In the veins and arteries of the brain
|
|
a considerable quantity of air was discovered.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Rascher</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>,
|
|
11 May 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 152-155]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Highly esteemed <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Enclosed I am forwarding a short summary on the principle experiments
|
|
conducted up to date...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For the following experiments <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> professional criminals who had
|
|
committed race pollution were used. The question of the formation of
|
|
embolism was investigated in 10 cases. Some of the experimental subjects
|
|
died during a continued high-altitude experiment; for instance, after
|
|
one-half hour at the height of 12 Km. After the skull had been opened
|
|
under water an ample amount of air embolism was found in the brain
|
|
vessels and, in part, free air in the brain ventricles.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>To find out whether the severe psychic and physical effects, as
|
|
mentioned under No. 3, are due to the formation of embolism, the
|
|
following was done: After relative recuperation from such a
|
|
parachute descending test had taken place, however, before regaining
|
|
consciousness, some experimental subjects were kept under water
|
|
until they died. When the skull and the cavities of the breast and
|
|
of the abdomen had been opened under water, an enormous amount of
|
|
air embolism was found in the vessels of the brain, the coronary
|
|
vessels, and vessels of the liver and the intestines, etc.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>It was also proved by experiments that air embolism occurs in
|
|
practically all vessels even while pure oxygen is being inhaled.
|
|
One experimental subject was made to breathe pure oxygen for
|
|
2.5 hours before the experiment started. After 6 minutes at a
|
|
height of 20 Km, he died and at dissection also showed ample
|
|
air embolism, as was the case in all other experiments.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report by SS-Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Rascher</ent> about intense cooling experiments
|
|
in <ent type='LOC'>Dachau</ent> concentration camps, 10 September 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 220]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The experimental subjects were placed in the water, dressed in complete
|
|
flying uniform, winter or summer combination, and with an aviator's
|
|
helmet. A life jacket made out of rubber kapok was to prevent
|
|
submerging. The experiments were carried out at water temperatures
|
|
varying from from 2.5 to 12 Centigrade. In one experimental series,
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>occiput</ent> (brain stem) protruded above the water, while in another
|
|
series of experiments the <ent type='ORG'>occiput</ent> (brain stem) and back of the head
|
|
were submerged in water.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Electrical measurements gave low temperature readings of 26.4 in the
|
|
stomach and 26.5 in the rectum. Fatalities occurred only when the
|
|
brain stem and the back of the head were also chilled. Autopsies of
|
|
of such fatal cases always revealed large amounts of free blood, up
|
|
to one-half litter, in the cranial cavity.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report by Prof. Dr. Holzloehner, Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Rascher</ent>, and Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Finke</ent>, regarding
|
|
cooling experiments, 10 October 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 226-243]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
If the experimental subject was placed in the water under narcosis,
|
|
one observed a certain arousing effect. The subject began to groan
|
|
and made some defensive movements. In a few cases a state of excitation
|
|
developed. This was especially severe in the cooling of head and
|
|
neck. But never was a complete cessation of the narcosis observed.
|
|
The defensive movements ceased after about 5 minutes. There
|
|
followed a progressive rigor, which developed especially strongly
|
|
in the arm musculature; the arms were strongly flexed and pressed to
|
|
the body. The rigor increased with the continuation of the cooling,
|
|
now and then interrupted by tonic-clonic twitchings. With still more
|
|
marked sinking of the body temperature it suddenly ceased. These
|
|
cases ended fatally, without any successful results from resuscitation
|
|
efforts.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Untersturmfuehrer Dr. <ent type='PERSON'>Rascher</ent> to SS-Sturmbannfuehrer
|
|
Rudolph <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent>, October 3 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 221-222]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> leader SS wants to be informed of the state of the
|
|
experiments. I can announce that the experiments have been
|
|
concluded, with the exception of those on warming with body
|
|
heat. The final report will be ready in about 5 days. Prof.
|
|
Holzloehner, for reasons I cannot fathom, does not himself
|
|
want to make the report to the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> and has
|
|
asked me to attend to it. This report must be made before
|
|
20 October, because the great <ent type='ORG'>Luftwaffe</ent> [<ent type='NORP'>German</ent> air-force]
|
|
conference on freezing takes place on <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> on 25 October.
|
|
The report on the results of our research must be made there,
|
|
to assure that they be used in time for the troops. May I ask
|
|
you to arrange for a decision from the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader regarding
|
|
the final report to him, and the submission to him of the
|
|
relevant material? </p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Today I received your letter of 22 September 1942, in which the
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Leader orders that the experiments on warming through
|
|
body heat must absolutely be conducted. Because of incomplete
|
|
address it was delayed. Today I asked Obersturmbannfuehrer
|
|
Sievers to send a telegram to the camp commander immediately,
|
|
to the effect that four <ent type='NORP'>Gypsy</ent> women be procured at once
|
|
from another camp. Moreover, I asked SS Obersturmbannfuehrer
|
|
Sievers to take steps to have the low pressure chamber ready
|
|
for use.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>THE ECONOMIC PLUNDER
|
|
*********************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Brigadefuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent> to chief of administration of
|
|
Auschwitz, concerning the utilization and distribution of "evacuated"
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 26 September 1942
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XIII, p. 256-258]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
e) Women's clothing and women underwear including footwear, children's
|
|
clothing and children's underwear including footwear have to be handed
|
|
over to the <ent type='PERSON'>Volk</ent>sdeutsche Mittelstelle against payment...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>f) Featherbeads, quilts, woolen blankets, cloth for suits, shawls,
|
|
umbrellas, walking sticks, thermos flasks, earflaps, baby carriages,
|
|
combs, handbags, leather belts, shopping baskets, tobacco pipes,
|
|
sun glasses, mirrors, table knives, forks and spoons, knapsacks, and
|
|
suitcases made from leather or artificial material are to be delivered
|
|
to the <ent type='PERSON'>Volk</ent>sdeutsche Mittelstelle. The question of payment will be
|
|
decided later...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>h) Spectacles and eyeglasses of every kind are to be handed in to
|
|
the medical office for utilization. (Spectacles with golden frames
|
|
have to be handed in without glasses together with the rare metals).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from prison warden <ent type='PERSON'>Guenther</ent> to the general commissar of white
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Ruthenia</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Minsk</ent>, 31 May 1943
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol. VIII, p. 208]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Since that time all <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> who were turned to us,
|
|
had their golden bridgework, crowns and fillings pulled or broken
|
|
out. This happens 1 to 2 hours before the respective action.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Since April 13 1943, 516 <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> have been finished
|
|
off. On the basis of a definitive investigation, gold was taken
|
|
only in two actions, on 14 April 1943 from 172, and on 27 April
|
|
1943 from 164 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>. About 50% of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> had gold teeth, bridgework
|
|
or fillings. <ent type='PERSON'>Hauptscharfuehrer Ruebe</ent> of the security police was always
|
|
personally present and he took the gold along too.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Gruppenfuehrer Katzmann</ent> to SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Obergruppenfuehrer</ent> Kruger,
|
|
regarding the "solution of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> problem in Galicia", and giving
|
|
a breakdown of property taken from the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, June 30, 1943
|
|
[Documents on the <ent type='EVENT'>Holocaust</ent> - Edited by Y. Arad, Y. Gutman, A. <ent type='GPE'>Margaliot</ent>,
|
|
NY, Ktav Pub. House in Association with Yad-Vashem, 1981, p. 335-341]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Valuables were secured and handed over to the special staff
|
|
"<ent type='PERSON'>Reinhard</ent>". Apart from furniture and large quantities of textile,
|
|
etc., the following were confiscated and delivered to special staff
|
|
"<ent type='PERSON'>Reinhard</ent>":</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>As of June 30, 1943:
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
20.952 Kg - wedding rings - gold
|
|
22.740 Kg - pearls
|
|
11.730 Kg - gold teeth
|
|
.
|
|
.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report by SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl</ent> to Himmler's office, February
|
|
6 1943, listing items plundered from <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> victims and delivered
|
|
to various <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> organizations
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. V, p. 699-703]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Report on the realization of textile-salvage from the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
resettlement up to the present date...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> ministry of economics</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Men's old clothing without underwear 97000 sets
|
|
Women's old clothing without underwear 76000 sets
|
|
women's silk underwear 89000 sets
|
|
Total 34 cars
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Rags</ent> - 400 cars, 2700000 Kg
|
|
Bed feathers - 130 cars, 270000 Kg
|
|
Women's hair - 1 car, 3000 Kg
|
|
Scrap material - 5 cars, 19000 Kg</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>2. Office for <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>ization</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Men's clothing:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Pants - 62000
|
|
Shirts - 132000
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
Shoes - 31000 pairs</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Women's clothing:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Coats - 155000
|
|
Dresses - 119000
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
Panties - 60000
|
|
Brassiers - 25000
|
|
Underwear - 22000
|
|
Kerchiefs - 85000
|
|
Shoes - 111000
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
211 cars
|
|
[Many more organizations and items cited]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Grand Total 825 cars</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report by SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Grupenfuehrer Globocnik</ent> listing items plundered
|
|
from the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> victims of "Operation <ent type='PERSON'>Reinhard</ent>" and delivered to
|
|
various <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> organizations. Attached is a detailed list, prepared
|
|
by SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Sturmbannfuehrer Wippern</ent> on February 27, 1943.
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. V, p. 704-709]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Valuation of <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> belongings delivered up to 3 February 1943</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. cash - RM 15931722.01
|
|
Delivery SS Econ. <ent type='GPE'>Krakow</ent> - RM 31500000.00
|
|
SS WVHA <ent type='GPE'>Berlin</ent> - RM 5581411.50
|
|
----------------
|
|
RM 53013133.51</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>[At that time, 2.5 RM were equal to 1 US Dollar].</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>2. Foreign currency, notes
|
|
|
|
[Long list] total RM 1452904.65
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
5. Other Valuables
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
2894 gold gentlemen's pocket watches
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
7313 gold ladies' wrist watches
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
13455 gentlemen's pocket watches
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
22324 spectacles
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
7000 fountain pens
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
51370 watches to be repaired
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
230 clinical thermometers</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>[many items deleted]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total RM 26089800.00</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>6. Textiles</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>462 boxcars rags
|
|
253 boxcars feathers for bedding
|
|
317 boxcars clothes and linen</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total RM 13294400.00</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Summary</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. Delivered cash and cash on hand RM 53013133.51
|
|
2. Foreign currency, notes RM 1452904.65
|
|
3. Foreign currency, minted gold RM 843802.75
|
|
4. Precious metals RM 5353943.00
|
|
5. Other items RM 26089800.00
|
|
6. Textiles RM 13294400.00</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Total RM 100047983.91</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>[In April 8, 1945, an immense amount of SS loot was discovered hidden in
|
|
a salt mine in <ent type='ORG'>Merkers</ent>, <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y. Among other items, it contained
|
|
369.6. lbs of rings and 385 lbs of gold and silver teeth feeling. This
|
|
is reported in Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military
|
|
Tribunals - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XIII,
|
|
p. 376].</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>AUSCHWITZ</ent>
|
|
*********</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Report entitled "Resettlement of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>" written by SS-Sturmbannfuehrer
|
|
Gricksch for SS-Col. von Herff and <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, after
|
|
inspection of Auschwitz camp on 14-16 May 1943.
|
|
[<ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent> and the Final Solution - G. <ent type='ORG'>Fleming</ent>, University of California
|
|
Press, 1984, p. 142-143]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The Auschwitz camp plays a special role in the resolution of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
question. The most advance methods permit the execution of the
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent>-order in the shortest possible time and without arousing much
|
|
attention. The so-called "resettlement action" runs the following
|
|
course: The <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> arrive in special trains (freight cars) toward
|
|
evening and are driven on special tracks to areas of the camp
|
|
specifically set aside for this purpose. There the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> are unloaded
|
|
and examined for their fitness to work by a team of doctors, in the
|
|
presence of the camp commandant and several SS officers. At this point
|
|
anyone who can somehow be incorporated into the work program is put in
|
|
a special camp. <ent type='ORG'>The curably ill</ent> are sent straight to a medical camp
|
|
and are restored to health through a special diet. The basic principle
|
|
behind everything is: conserve all manpower for work. The previous
|
|
type of "resettlement action" has been thoroughly rejected, since it
|
|
is too costly to destroy precious work energy on a continual basis.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The unfit go to cellars in a large house which are entered from
|
|
outside. They go down five or six steps into a fairly long,
|
|
well-constructed and well-ventilated cellar area, which is lined with
|
|
benches to the left and right. It is brightly lit, and the benches are
|
|
numbered. The prisoners are told that they are to be cleansed and
|
|
disinfected for their new assignments. They must therefore completely
|
|
undress to be bathed. To avoid panic and to prevent disturbances of
|
|
any kind, they are instructed to arrange their clothing neatly under
|
|
their respective numbers, so that they will be able to find their
|
|
things again after their bath. Everything proceeds in a perfectly
|
|
orderly fashion. Then they pass through a small corridor and enter a
|
|
large cellar room which resembles a shower bath. In this room are
|
|
three large pillars, into which certain materials can be lowered from
|
|
outside the cellar room. When three-to four-hundred people have been
|
|
herded into this room, the doors are shut, and containers filled with
|
|
the substances are dropped down into the pillars. As soon as the
|
|
containers touch the base of the pillars, they release particular
|
|
substances that put the people to sleep in one minute. A few minutes
|
|
later, the door opens on the other side, where the elevator is
|
|
located. The hair of the corpses is cut off, and their teeth are
|
|
extracted (gold-filled teeth) by specialists (<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>). It has been
|
|
discovered that <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> were hiding pieces of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>elry, gold, platinum
|
|
etc., in hollow teeth. Then the corpses are loaded into elevators and
|
|
brought up to the first floor, where ten large crematoria are located.
|
|
(Because fresh corpses burn particularly well, only 50-100 lbs. of
|
|
coke are needed for the whole process.) The job itself is performed
|
|
by <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> prisoners, who never step outside this camp again.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The results of this "resettlement action" to date: 500000 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>.
|
|
Current capacity of the "resettlement action" ovens: 10000 in 24
|
|
hours.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Notes From Diary of SS-Doctor <ent type='PERSON'>Kremer</ent>, while in Auschwitz
|
|
['The Good Old Days' - E. Klee, W. Dressen, V. <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>The Free Press</ent>,
|
|
NY, 1988, p. 256-268]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
2 September 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>3.00 a.m. attended my first Sonderaktion. Dante's Inferno seems to
|
|
me almost a comedy compared to this. They don't call Auschwitz the
|
|
extermination camp for nothing!</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>[Sonderaktion = special action, meaning extermination; in this case,
|
|
gassing. See, for instance, two following document].</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>5 September 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In the morning attended a Sonderaktion from the women's concentration
|
|
camp (<ent type='NORP'>Muslims</ent>); the most dreadful of horrors. <ent type='GPE'>Hschf</ent>. Thilo -- army
|
|
doctor -- was right when he said to me this is the 'anus mundi'. In
|
|
the evening towards 8.00 attended another Sonderaktion from
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Holland</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>['<ent type='NORP'>Muslims</ent>' does not mean "practicing <ent type='ORG'>Islam</ent>"; this is the way the SS
|
|
referred to emaciated people].</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>10 October 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Extracted and fixed fresh live material from liver, spleen and
|
|
pancreas...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>11 October 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Today, <ent type='LOC'>Sunday</ent>, there was roast hare for lunch -- a real fat leg -- with
|
|
dumplings and red cabbage for 1.25 RM.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>12 October 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Second inoculation against typhus, later on in the evening severe
|
|
generalized reaction (fever). Despite this in the night attended a
|
|
further Sonderaktion from <ent type='GPE'>Holland</ent> (1600 persons). Ghastly scenes in
|
|
front of the last bunker! That was the 10th Sonderaktion.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>13 November 1942</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Extracted fresh live material (liver, spleen and pancreas) from a
|
|
previously photographed, severely atrophied <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> prisoner aged
|
|
eighteen. Fixed as always, liver and spleen in <ent type='LOC'>Carnoy</ent> and pancreas in
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Zenker</ent> (Prisoner No. 68030).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Rodl to the inspector of
|
|
concentration camps, SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer <ent type='ORG'>Liebehenschel</ent>, 14
|
|
November 1941
|
|
[<ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent> and the Final Solution - G. <ent type='ORG'>Fleming</ent>, University of California
|
|
Press, 1984, p. 99]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The Commandant's office has submitted to date two lists recommending
|
|
the conferment of the Kreigverdienstkreuz [war service cross]. In
|
|
both of these appear SS personnel who participated in executions. We
|
|
herewith request confirmation as to whether these names should be
|
|
listed once again in the roll currently under preparation. Further
|
|
requested is information as to whether in the recommendation lists
|
|
under "reasons and comments of immediate superior" there should be
|
|
specified "execution, i.e., special action" or whether a general,
|
|
routine reason should be given.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Bischoff</ent>, head of construction management at Auschwitz, to
|
|
the SS economic and administrative head office in <ent type='GPE'>Berlin</ent>, regarding
|
|
construction at Auschwitz, 13 October 1942
|
|
[Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers - J.C Pressac,
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>Beate Klarsfeld</ent> Foundation, NY, 1989, p. 198]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
As regards the construction of the new crematorium building, it was
|
|
necessary to start immediately in July 1942 because of the situation
|
|
caused by the special actions.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Sturmbannfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Bischoff</ent>, of the Auschwitz construction
|
|
department, to SS General <ent type='PERSON'>Kammler</ent>, January 29, 1943
|
|
[The Final Solution: The Attempt to Exterminate the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> of Europe,
|
|
1939-1945 - G. Reitlinger, <ent type='GPE'>South Brunswick</ent>, T. Yosellof, 1968, p. 158-159]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Crematorium No. 2. The completed furnaces have been started up in
|
|
the presence of Engineer Prufer from Messers. <ent type='ORG'>Topf</ent> (of <ent type='GPE'>Erfurt</ent>). The
|
|
planks cannot yet be moved from the ceiling of the mortuary cellar
|
|
on account of frost, but this is not important, as the gassing
|
|
cellar can be used for that purpose. The ventilation plant has
|
|
been held up by restrictions on rail transport, but the installation
|
|
should be ready by February 20th.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-Sturmbannfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Bischoff</ent>, March 6 1943
|
|
[Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers - J.C Pressac,
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>Beate Klarsfeld</ent> Foundation, NY, 1989, p. 434]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
... order of 6/3/1943 concerning the delivery of a gas tight door
|
|
100 x 192 cm for cellar I of <ent type='ORG'>Krematorium III</ent>, to be produced to
|
|
the identical pattern and dimensions as the cellar door of
|
|
Krematorium II which is situated opposite, with peephole of
|
|
double 8 mm glass, with rubber sealing strip and frame.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Sturmbannfuehrer Jahrling</ent> to SS-General <ent type='PERSON'>Kammler</ent>
|
|
estimating the number of corpses that can be disposed off in 24 hours
|
|
in the Auschwitz crematoriums, June 25 1943
|
|
[Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers - J.C Pressac,
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>Beate Klarsfeld</ent> Foundation, NY, 1989, p. 247]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
1.) Crematorium I
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
3 x 2 muffles 340 persons</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 2.) Crematorium II
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
5 x 3 muffles 1440 persons</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 3.) Crematorium III
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
5 x 3 muffles 1440 persons </p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 4.) Crematorium IV
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
8 muffles 768 persons</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> 5.) Crematorium V
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
8 muffles 768 persons</p>
|
|
|
|
<div> </div>
|
|
|
|
<p>A letter asking for a truck to bring Zyklon-B to Auschwitz; uses the
|
|
standard camouflage term "resettlement of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>" to refer to
|
|
extermination. Another such document asks for "material for special
|
|
treatment" - another term used to disguise extermination.
|
|
[Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers - J.C Pressac,
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>Beate Klarsfeld</ent> Foundation, NY, 1989, p. 557]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Radio message 13
|
|
SS Garrison Radio Station Auschwitz
|
|
Origin WVHA [SS economic administration head office]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Received 2nd October 1942 in <ent type='ORG'>the Kommandantur</ent> of Auschwitz
|
|
Concentration camp</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The movement authorization for one 5 Ton truck with trailer to
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Dessau</ent> and back in order to pick up material for the resettlement
|
|
of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, is hereby accorded.
|
|
The authorization is to be given to the driver.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <ent type='ORG'>Liebehenschel</ent>
|
|
SS Lieutenant Colonel
|
|
Permanent representative of the head
|
|
of the service with the rank of <ent type='NORP'>Waffen</ent> SS
|
|
Lieutenant General</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For file</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Head of the radio station</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Sturmbannfuehrer Jahrling</ent> to <ent type='ORG'>Topf</ent> & Sons, March 6 1943
|
|
[Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers - J.C Pressac,
|
|
the <ent type='ORG'>Beate Klarsfeld</ent> Foundation, NY, 1989, p. 221]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
[This document is interesting for two reasons: first, it demonstrates
|
|
that the underground cellars in the crematoriums could not have possibly
|
|
been morgues, as morgues are never heated; heating, however, does
|
|
facilitate the evaporation of Zyklon-B. Also, the document - like
|
|
many others - makes reference to an "undressing room", and there is
|
|
no reason for a morgue to have one near by. Pressac contains numerous
|
|
other documents attesting to the design and use of the Auschwitz gas
|
|
chambers. Even the fake shower heads are mentioned].</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Subject: KL Auschwitz Krematorien II and III</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In accordance with your suggestion, the service agrees that cellar 1
|
|
should be preheated with the air coming from the rooms of the 3
|
|
forced draught installations. The supply and installation of the
|
|
ductwork and blowers necessary to this end are to be effected as soon
|
|
as possible. As you point out in your above-mentioned letter,
|
|
execution should commence this week. We would ask you to send in
|
|
triplicate detailed quote for supply and installation.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>At the same time, we would ask you to send an additional quotation
|
|
for the modification of the air-extraction installation in the
|
|
undressing room.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='EVENT'>KRISTALLNACHT</ent>
|
|
*************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Message from SS-Grupenfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Heydrich</ent> to all State Police Main
|
|
Offices and Field Offices, November 10 1938 (before "<ent type='ORG'>Kristallnacht</ent>",
|
|
the "night of broken glass", the first large scale pogrom
|
|
against the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>)
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol. III, p. 545-547]
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Regards: Measures against <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> tonight.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
a) Only such measures may be taken which do not jeopardize
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>German</ent> life or property (for instance, burning of synagogues
|
|
only if there is no danger of fires for the neighbourhoods).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>b) Business establishments and homes of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> may be destroyed but
|
|
not looted. The police have been instructed to supervise the
|
|
execution of these directives and to arrest looters.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>c) In Business streets special care is to be taken that non-<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
establishments will be safeguarded at all cost against damage.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>As soon as the events of this night permit the use of the designated
|
|
officers, as many <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, particularly wealthy ones, as the local
|
|
jails will hold, are to be arrested in all districts. Initially
|
|
only healthy male <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, not too old, are to be arrested. After
|
|
the arrests have been carried out the appropriate concentration
|
|
camp is to be contacted immediately with a view to a quick
|
|
transfer of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> to the camps...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>VERDICT OF SS-COURT
|
|
*******************</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Excerpts from Verdict of the SS Court in <ent type='GPE'>Munich</ent>, against
|
|
SS-Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Max Taubner</ent>, 24 of May 1943
|
|
['The Good Old Days' - E. Klee, W. Dressen, V. <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>The Free Press</ent>,
|
|
NY, 1988, p, 196-207]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. The accused shall not be punished because of the actions against
|
|
the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> as such. The <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> have to be exterminated and none of the
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> that were killed is any great loss. Although the accused should
|
|
have recognized that the extermination of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> was the duty of
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Kommandos</ent> which were set up especially for this purpose, he should
|
|
be excused for considering himself to have the authority to take
|
|
part in the extermination of <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ry himself. Real hatred of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>
|
|
was the driving motivation for the accused. In the process he let
|
|
himself be drawn into committing cruel actions in <ent type='ORG'>Alexandriya</ent> which
|
|
are unworthy of a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> man and an SS-officer. These excesses cannot
|
|
be justified, either, as the accused would like to, as retaliation
|
|
for the pain that the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> have caused the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> people. It is not
|
|
the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> way to apply <ent type='PERSON'>Bolshevic</ent> methods during the necessary
|
|
extermination of the worst enemy of our people. In so doing the
|
|
conduct of the accused gives rise to considerable concern. The
|
|
accused allowed his men to act with such vicious brutality that
|
|
they conducted themselves under his command like a savage horde...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>2. By taking photographs of the incidents or having photographs
|
|
taken, by having these developed in photographic shops and showing
|
|
them to his wife and friends, the accused is guilty of disobedience.
|
|
Such pictures could pose the gravest risks to the security of the
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> if they fell into the wrong hands...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Dismissal of the case against the remaining parties, 1 June 1943</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The following has been established on the basis of the main trial
|
|
of SS-Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Max Taubner</ent>...
|
|
The following men were party to the punishable acts committed or
|
|
ordered by SS-Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Max Taubner</ent>:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. SS-Unterscharfuehrer Walter Muller particularly stood out during
|
|
the shootings of <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> with the brutality with which he tore small
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children from their mothers. He held these children in
|
|
front of him with his left hand and then, with his right hand,
|
|
shot them with a pistol.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> .
|
|
. [three more SS-personnel accused]
|
|
.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Allowances have been made for the fact that the accused were, without
|
|
exception, acting on the orders of and under the responsibility
|
|
of Untersturmfuehrer <ent type='PERSON'>Max Taubner</ent>. In this respect, their own
|
|
culpability may be described as slight...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The cases against these accused have therefore been dismissed.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>MISC
|
|
****</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Memorandum</ent> from <ent type='ORG'>the Ministry</ent> of Justice to <ent type='PERSON'>Hitler</ent>, regarding prosecution
|
|
of a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess for selling her mother milk to a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> pediatrician
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. III, p. 701-702]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
After the birth of her child, a full-blooded <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess sold her mother
|
|
milk to a pediatrician and concealed that she was a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess. With
|
|
this milk babies of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> blood were fed in a nursing home for
|
|
children. The accused will be charged with deception. The buyers of
|
|
the milk have suffered damage, for mother's milk from a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess
|
|
cannot be regarded as food for <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> children. The impudent behavior
|
|
of the accused is an insult as well. Relevant charges, however, have
|
|
not been applied for, so that the parents, who are unaware of the
|
|
true facts, need not subsequently be worried.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>I shall discuss with the <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> health leader the racial hygienic
|
|
aspect of the case.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> R. Rothenberger.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Death to the "Race Defiler":
|
|
Excerpts from Opinion and Sentence of the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Special Court in
|
|
the <ent type='PERSON'>Katzenberger</ent> Case
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. III, 653-663]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Findings:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1. The defendant <ent type='PERSON'>Katzenberger</ent> is fully <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> and a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> national; he
|
|
is a member of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> religious community...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>2. Irene <ent type='PERSON'>Seiler</ent> is a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> citizen of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> blood...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>[Testimonies about the relationship between <ent type='PERSON'>Katzenberger</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Seiler</ent> deleted]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The court is therefore convinced that <ent type='PERSON'>Katzenberger</ent>, after the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> laws
|
|
had come into effect, had repeated sexual intercourse with <ent type='PERSON'>Seiler</ent>, up to
|
|
March 1940...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The conduct to which the defendants admitted and which in the case of
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Katzenberger</ent> and consisted in drawing <ent type='PERSON'>Seiler</ent> close to him, kissing
|
|
her, patting and caressing her thighs over her clothes, makes it clear
|
|
that in a crude manner <ent type='PERSON'>Katzenberger</ent> did to <ent type='PERSON'>Seiler</ent> what is popularly
|
|
called "<ent type='PERSON'>Abschmieren</ent>" [petting]. It is obvious that such actions
|
|
are motivated only by sexual impulses. Even if the <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> had only done
|
|
these so-called "<ent type='ORG'>Ersatzhandlungen</ent>" [sexual acts in lieu of actual
|
|
intercourse] to <ent type='PERSON'>Seiler</ent>, it would have been sufficient to charge him
|
|
with racial pollution in the full sense of the law...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>He is therefore guilty of a continuous crime of racial pollution
|
|
according to sections 2 and 5, paragraph 11 of the Law for
|
|
Protection of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> Blood and <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> Honor of 15 September 1935...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>As the only feasible answer to the frivolous conduct of the defendant,
|
|
the court therefore deems it necessary to pronounce the death sentence
|
|
as the heaviest punishment provided by section 4 of the decree
|
|
against public enemies...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Various excerpts from anti-<ent type='NORP'>semitic</ent> publications
|
|
[All taken from <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>,
|
|
U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1946, Vol. VIII]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
p. 4:
|
|
[Speech by <ent type='PERSON'>Julius Streicher</ent>, September 5 1937, reported in the
|
|
Fraenkische Tageszeitung]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> no longer shows himself among us openly as he used to. But it would
|
|
be wrong to say that victory is ours. Full and final victory will have
|
|
been achieved only when the whole world has been rid of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>p. 7:
|
|
[Leading article by <ent type='PERSON'>Streicher</ent> from "<ent type='PERSON'>Der Stuermer</ent>" No. 39, September 1936]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The continued work of the "<ent type='ORG'>Stuermer</ent>" will help to ensure that every <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>
|
|
down to the last man will, with heart and hand, join the ranks of those
|
|
whose aim is to crush the head of the serpent Pan-Juda beneath their
|
|
heels. He who helps to bring this about helps to eliminate the devil.
|
|
And this devil is the <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>p. 11:
|
|
[Streicher's speech in <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent>, April 3 1925, taken from "Kampf dem
|
|
Weltfeind", p. 42]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Let us make a new beginning today so that we can annihilate the <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>p. 12:
|
|
[Deutche <ent type='PERSON'>Volk</ent>sgesundheit aus Blut und Boden, New Year's issue 1935]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>One single cohabitation of a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> with an <ent type='NORP'>Aryan</ent> woman is sufficient to
|
|
poison her blood forever. Together with the alien albumen she has
|
|
absorbed the alien soul. Never again will she be able to bear purely
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Aryan</ent> children, even when married to an <ent type='NORP'>Aryan</ent>. They will all be
|
|
bastards, with a dual soul and the body of a mixed breed.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>p. 19:
|
|
[Article signed by <ent type='PERSON'>Streicher</ent> in "<ent type='PERSON'>Der Stuermer</ent>", No, 12, March 19
|
|
1942, pages 1 and 2]</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>There were two ways which might have led to a liberation of Europe
|
|
from the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>: Expulsion or extermination! Both methods have been
|
|
tried in the course of the centuries, but they were never carried
|
|
to a conclusion...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The teaching of <ent type='NORP'>Christianity</ent> has stood in the way of a radical
|
|
solution of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> problem in Europe...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Fate has decreed that it was finally left to the 20th century to see
|
|
the total solution of the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> problem. Just how this solution
|
|
will be achieved has been made known to the European nations and
|
|
to entire non-<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> humanity in a proclamation read out by the
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Fuehrer</ent> of the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> people on the 24th February 1942:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Today the ideas of our Nationalsocialists and those of the <ent type='NORP'>Fascist</ent>
|
|
revolution have conquered large and mighty nations and my
|
|
prophecy will find its fulfillment, that in this war not the
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Aryan</ent> race will be destroyed, but the <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> will be exterminated.
|
|
What ever else this struggle may lead to, or however long it
|
|
may endure, this will be the final result.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>p. 29:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Report of Streicher's address to 2000 children at <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent>,
|
|
Christmas 1936, from Fraenkische Tegeszeitung, 22nd
|
|
December 1936</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Two thousand children rejoiced with <ent type='PERSON'>Julius Streicher</ent>...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <ent type='NORP'>Gauleiter</ent> [<ent type='PERSON'>Streicher</ent>] told the little ones about the terrible times
|
|
after the war, when the <ent type='PERSON'>Devil</ent> dominated mankind. "Do you know who the
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Devil</ent> is", he asked his breathlessly listening audience. "The <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>, the
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>", resounded from a thousand children's voices.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from the Minister of State for the Protectorate of Bohemia
|
|
and <ent type='GPE'>Moravia</ent> to Rudolph <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent>, June 13 1944, Concerning Children
|
|
of Executed <ent type='NORP'>Czechs</ent>
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. IV, p. 1030-1032]
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear comarade <ent type='PERSON'>Brandt</ent>,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Concerning the matter "children of executed <ent type='NORP'>Czechs</ent>" I wish to
|
|
reply to your letter as directed to SS-Lieutenant General <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent>,
|
|
date 6 February of this year, diary index No. 26/2/44 g Bra/H,
|
|
that the conversation between SS-Lieutenant General <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent> and
|
|
SS Colonel <ent type='PERSON'>Sollmann</ent> took place on 2 July of last year in <ent type='GPE'>Prague</ent>.
|
|
Colonel <ent type='PERSON'>Sollmann</ent> stated during this conversation that racially
|
|
valuable children up to six years would be considered eligible
|
|
by the "<ent type='PERSON'>Lebensborn</ent>"...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>It was intended, to have children up to six years and suitable
|
|
for <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>ization brought into <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> families through the
|
|
"<ent type='PERSON'>Lebensborn</ent>"...</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>It is intended to have the racially acceptable elements of the
|
|
collectively housed children transferred through the "<ent type='PERSON'>Lebensborn</ent>"
|
|
to <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> families or to a children's home whereas the
|
|
children over 16 years are to be sent to a concentration camp.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Extract from Himmler's address to party comrades, September 7 1940
|
|
[Trials of War Criminals Before the <ent type='GPE'>Nuernberg</ent> Military Tribunals -
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print. Off., Vol. IV, p. 1140]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
If any <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent> has any sexual dealing with a <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> woman, and by this
|
|
I mean sexual intercourse, then the man will be hanged right in
|
|
front of his camp. Then the others will not do it. Besides,
|
|
provisions will be made that a sufficient number of <ent type='NORP'>Polish</ent> women
|
|
and girls will come along as well so that a necessity of this
|
|
kind is out of the question.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The women will be brought before the courts without mercy, and
|
|
where the facts are not sufficiently proved - such borderline
|
|
cases always happen - they will be sent to a concentration camp.
|
|
This we must do, unless these one million <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>s and those
|
|
hundreds of thousands of workers of alien blood are to inflict
|
|
untold damage on the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> blood. Philosophizing is of no avail
|
|
in this case. It would be better if we did not have them at all -
|
|
we all know that - but we need them.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>From the speech of <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent>, speaking to SS
|
|
Major-Generals, <ent type='GPE'>Poznan</ent>, October 4 1943
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol. IV, p. 559]
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
One basic principal must be the absolute rule for the SS man: we
|
|
must be honest, decent, loyal, and comradely to members of our own
|
|
blood and to nobody else. What happens to a <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n, to a <ent type='NORP'>Czech</ent>,
|
|
does not interest me in the slightest. What the nations can offer
|
|
in good blood of our type, we will take, if necessary by kidnapping
|
|
their children and raising them with us. Whether nations live in
|
|
prosperity or starve to death interests me only in so far as we
|
|
need them as slaves for our culture; otherwise, it is of no interest
|
|
to me. Whether 10000 <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n females fall down from exhaustion
|
|
while digging an anti-tank ditch interest me only in so far as
|
|
the anti-tank ditch for <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y is finished. We shall never be rough
|
|
and heartless when it is not necessary, that is clear. We <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>s,
|
|
who are the only people in the world who have a decent attitude
|
|
towards animals, will also assume a decent attitude towards these
|
|
human animals. But it is a crime against our own blood to worry
|
|
about them and give them ideals, thus causing our sons and
|
|
grandsons to have a more difficult time with them. When someone
|
|
comes to me and says, "I cannot dig the anti-tank ditch with women
|
|
and children, it is inhuman, for it will kill them", then I
|
|
would have to say, "you are a murderer of your own blood because
|
|
if the anti-tank ditch is not dug, <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldiers will die, and
|
|
they are the sons of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> mothers. They are our own blood".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent>, Governor of <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent>, in an interview, October 3
|
|
1939
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Vol. II, p. 632]
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent> can only be administered by utilizing the country through
|
|
means of ruthless exploitation, deportation of all supplies, raw
|
|
materials, machines, factory installations etc., which are
|
|
important for the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> war economy, availability of all workers
|
|
for work within <ent type='NORP'>German</ent>y, reduction of the entire <ent type='NORP'>Polish</ent> economy
|
|
to absolute minimum necessary for bare existence of the population,
|
|
closing of all educational institutions, especially technical
|
|
schools and colleges in order to prevent the growth of a new
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Polish</ent> intelligentsia. <ent type='GPE'>Poland</ent> shall be treated as a colony. the
|
|
<ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>s shall be the slaves of the Greater <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> World Empire.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Letter from <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>sfuehrer-SS <ent type='ORG'>Himmler</ent> to <ent type='ORG'>the Higher</ent> SS and Police
|
|
Chief in the <ent type='GPE'>Ukraine</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Kiev</ent>, September 7 1943
|
|
[<ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> Conspiracy and Aggression - <ent type='GPE'>Washington</ent>, U.S Govt. Print.
|
|
Off., 1946, Supp. A, p. 1270]
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Dear Pruetzmann,</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Infantry general staff has special orders with regard to the <ent type='PERSON'>Donetz</ent>
|
|
area. Get in touch with him immediately. I order you to cooperate as
|
|
much as you can. The aim to be achieved is that when areas in the
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Ukraine</ent> are evacuated, not a human being, not a single head of cattle,
|
|
not a hundredweight of cereals and not a railway line remain behind;
|
|
that not a house remain standing, not a mine is available which is
|
|
not destroyed for years to come, that there is not a well which is
|
|
not poisoned. The enemy must really find completely burned and destroyed
|
|
land. Discuss these things with <ent type='PERSON'>Stampf</ent> straight away and do your
|
|
absolute best.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Detailed report by SS-<ent type='PERSON'>Standartenfuehrer Jager</ent> about mass killings
|
|
in <ent type='NORP'>Nazi</ent> occupied <ent type='GPE'>USSR</ent>, July-November 1941
|
|
['The Good Old Days' - E. Klee, W. Dressen, V. <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>The Free Press</ent>,
|
|
NY, 1988, p. 46-58].
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
[The "Jager report" was written by a commander of one of the
|
|
"<ent type='PERSON'>Einsatzgruppen</ent>" (special task forces) which were in charge of
|
|
liquidating <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, communist leaders, partisans and others in the
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Soviet</ent> Union.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>To understand the magnitude of the massacres, note the total number
|
|
of victims - 137346. This is for one <ent type='PERSON'>Einsatzgruppen</ent>, in a five month
|
|
period, in one area. This report reflects very clearly on the plan
|
|
to kill all the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, except those which were needed for working
|
|
purposes; those were, as the report notes, "only" to be sterilized;
|
|
Jager goes on to state that "if despite sterilization a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess becomes
|
|
pregnant she will be liquidated".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>There are many documents about the <ent type='PERSON'>Einsatzgruppen</ent> massacres in the
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Soviet</ent> Union, but the "Jager report" is one of the most chillingly
|
|
detailed of them].</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The Commander of
|
|
the security police and
|
|
the SD
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Einsatzkommando</ent> 3 Kauen [Kaunas], 1 December 1941</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>--------------------------
|
|
|Secret <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent> Business! | 5 copies
|
|
-------------------------- 4th copy</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Complete list of executions carried out in the EK 3 area
|
|
up to 1 December 1941</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><ent type='ORG'>Security</ent> police duties in <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent> taken over by <ent type='ORG'>Einsatzkommando</ent> 3 on
|
|
2 July 1941.
|
|
(The <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> [Vilnius] area was taken over by EK 3 on 9 Aug. 1941, the
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Schaulen</ent> area on 2 Oct. 1941. Up until these dates EK 9 operated in
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> and EK 2 in <ent type='ORG'>Schaulen</ent>.)
|
|
On my instructions and orders the following executions were conducted by
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>n partisans:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>4.7.41 Kauen-Fort VII 416 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 47 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 463
|
|
6.7.41 Kauen-Fort VII <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> 2514</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Following the formation of a raiding squad under the command of
|
|
SS-Obersturmfuherer Hamman and 8-10 reliable men from the
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Einsatzkommando</ent>. the following actions were conducted in cooperation
|
|
with <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>n partisans:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>7.7.41 Mariampole <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> 32
|
|
8.7.41 Mariampole 14 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 5 Comm. officials 19
|
|
8.7.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Girkalinei Comm</ent>. officials 6
|
|
9.7.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Wendziogala</ent> 32 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 2 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>n
|
|
(f.), 2 <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>n Comm., 1
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n Comm. 38
|
|
9.7.41 Kauen-Fort VII 21 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 3 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 24
|
|
14.7.41 Mariampole 21 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>., 9 Lith. Comm. 31
|
|
17.7.41 Babtei 8 Comm. officials (incl. 6 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>) 8
|
|
18.7.41 Mariampole 39 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 14 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 53
|
|
19.7.41 Kauen-Fort VII 17 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 2 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 4 Lith.
|
|
Comm., 2 Comm. <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>ns (f.),
|
|
1 <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> Comm. 26
|
|
21.7.41 <ent type='GPE'>Panevezys</ent> 59 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 11 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>n (f.), 1 <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>, 22 Lith.
|
|
Comm., 9 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. Comm. 103
|
|
22.7.41 <ent type='GPE'>Panevezys</ent> 1 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent> 1
|
|
23.7.41 Kedainiai 83 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 12 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 14 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>.
|
|
Comm., 15 Lith. Comm., 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>.
|
|
O-Politruk 125
|
|
25.7.41 Mariampole 90 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 13 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 103
|
|
28.7.41 <ent type='GPE'>Panevezys</ent> 234 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 15 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 19 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>.
|
|
Comm., 20 Lith. Comm. 288</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total carried forward 3384</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Sheet 2
|
|
Total carried over 3384</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>29.7.41 <ent type='NORP'>Rasainiai</ent> 254 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 3 Lith. Comm. 257
|
|
30.7.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Agriogala</ent> 27 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 11 Lith. Comm. 38
|
|
31.7.41 <ent type='ORG'>Utena</ent> 235 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 16 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 4 Lith.
|
|
Comm., 1 robber/murderer 256
|
|
31.7.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Wendziogala</ent> 13 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 2 murderers 15
|
|
1.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Ukmerge</ent> 254 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 42 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 Pol.
|
|
Comm., 2 Lith. NKVD agents, 1
|
|
mayor of <ent type='PERSON'>Jonava</ent> who gave order
|
|
to set fire to <ent type='PERSON'>Jonava</ent> 300
|
|
2.8.41 Kauen-Fort IV 170 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1 US <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess, 33 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses,
|
|
4 Lith. Comm. 209
|
|
4.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Panevezys</ent> 362 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 41 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 5 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. Comm.,
|
|
14 Lith. Comm. 422
|
|
5.8.41 <ent type='NORP'>Rasainiai</ent> 213 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 66 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 279
|
|
7.8.41 <ent type='ORG'>Utena</ent> 483 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 87 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>n
|
|
(robber of corpses of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldiers)571
|
|
8.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Ukmerge</ent> 620 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 82 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 702
|
|
9.8.41 Kauen-Fort IV 484 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 50 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 534
|
|
11.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Panevezys</ent> 450 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 48 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 Lith. 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>.500
|
|
13.8.41 <ent type='ORG'>Alytus</ent> 617 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 100 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 criminal 719
|
|
14.8.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Jonava</ent> 497 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 55 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 552
|
|
15-16.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Rokiskis</ent> 3200 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, and J. Children,
|
|
5 Lith. Comm., 1 <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>, 1 partisan 3207
|
|
9-16.8.41 <ent type='NORP'>Rasainiai</ent> 294 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 4 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 298
|
|
27.6-14.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Rokiskis</ent> 493 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 432 <ent type='NORP'>Russians</ent>, 56 <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>ns
|
|
(all active <ent type='NORP'>communists</ent>) 981
|
|
18.8.41 Kauen-Fort IV 689 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 402 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent> (f.),
|
|
711 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> intellectuals from Ghetto
|
|
in reprisal for sabotage action 1812
|
|
19.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Ukmerge</ent> 298 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 255 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 Politruk,
|
|
88 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children, 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. Comm. 645
|
|
22.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Dunanburg</ent> 3 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. Comm., 5 <ent type='NORP'>Latvian</ent>, incl. 1
|
|
murderer, 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. Guardsman, 3 <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>s,
|
|
3 gypsies (m.), 1 gypsy (f.), 1 gypsy
|
|
child, 1 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>, 1 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess, 1 <ent type='NORP'>Armenian</ent>
|
|
(m.), 2 Politruks (prison inspection
|
|
in <ent type='GPE'>Dunanburg</ent> 21</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total carried forward 16152</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Sheet 3
|
|
Total carried forward 16152</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>22.8.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Aglona</ent> Mentally sick: 269 men, 227 women,
|
|
48 children 544
|
|
23.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Panevezys</ent> 1312 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 4602 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1609
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 7523
|
|
18-22.8.41 Kreis <ent type='NORP'>Rasainiai</ent> 466 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 440 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1020
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1926
|
|
25.8.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Obeliai</ent> 112 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 627 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 421
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1160
|
|
25-26.8.41 Seduva 230 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 275 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 159
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 664
|
|
26.8.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Zarasai</ent> 767 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1113 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1 Lith.
|
|
Comm., 687 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children, 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>.
|
|
Comm. (f.) 2569
|
|
28.8.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Pasvalys</ent> 402 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 738 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 209
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1349
|
|
26.8.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Kaisiadorys</ent> All <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, and <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
children 1911
|
|
27.8.41 Prienai All <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, and <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
Children 1078
|
|
27.8.41 Dagda and 212 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 4 <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. POW's 216
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Kraslawa</ent>
|
|
27.8.41 <ent type='GPE'>Joniskia</ent> 47 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 165 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 143
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 355
|
|
28.8.41 <ent type='NORP'>Wilkia</ent> 76 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 192 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 134
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 402
|
|
28.8.41 Kedainiai 710 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 767 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 599
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 2076
|
|
29.8.41 <ent type='ORG'>Rumsiskis</ent> and 20 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 567 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 197
|
|
Ziezmariai <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 784
|
|
29.8.41 <ent type='ORG'>Utena</ent> and 582 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1731 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1469
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Moletai</ent> <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 3782
|
|
13-31.8.41 <ent type='ORG'>Alytus</ent> and
|
|
environs 233 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> 233</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>1.9.41 Mariampole 1763 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1812 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1404
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children, 109 mentally sick,
|
|
1 <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> subject (f.), married to a
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>, 1 <ent type='GPE'>Russia</ent>n (f.) 5090</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total carried over 47814</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Sheet 4
|
|
Total carried over 47814</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>28.8-2.9.41 Darsuniskis 10 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 69 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 20
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 99
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Carliava</ent> 73 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 113 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 61
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 247
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Jonava</ent> 112 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1200 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 244
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1556
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Petrasiunai</ent> 30 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 72 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 23
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 125
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Jesuas</ent> 26 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 72 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 46
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 144
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Agriogala</ent> 207 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 260 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 195
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 662
|
|
Jasvainai 86 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 110 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 86
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 282
|
|
Babtei 20 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 41 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 22
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 83
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Wendziogala</ent> 42 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 113 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 97
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 252
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Krakes</ent> 448 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 476 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 97
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1125
|
|
4.9.41 <ent type='NORP'>Pravenischkis</ent> 247 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 6 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses 253
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Cekiske</ent> 22 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 64 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 60
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 146
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Seredsius</ent> 6 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 61 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 126
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 193
|
|
<ent type='PERSON'>Velinona</ent> 2 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 71 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 86
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 159
|
|
Zapiskis 47 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 118 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 13
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 178
|
|
5.9.41 <ent type='GPE'>Ukmerge</ent> 1123 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1849 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 1737
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 4709
|
|
25.8-6.9.41 Mopping up in: 16 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 412 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 415
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Rasainiai</ent> <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 843
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Georgenburg</ent> all <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, all <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, all
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 412
|
|
9.9.41 <ent type='ORG'>Alytus</ent> 287 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 640 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 352
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1279
|
|
9.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Butrimonys</ent> 67 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 370 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 303
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 740
|
|
10.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Merkine</ent> 223 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 640 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 276
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 854
|
|
10.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Varena</ent> 541 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 141 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 149
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 831
|
|
11.9.41 <ent type='NORP'>Leipalingis</ent> 60 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 70 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 25
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 155
|
|
11.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Seirijai</ent> 229 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 384 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 340
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 953
|
|
12.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Simnas</ent> 68 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 197 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 149
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 414
|
|
11-12.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Uzusalis Reprisal</ent> against inhabitants who
|
|
fed <ent type='PERSON'>Russ</ent>. partisans; some in
|
|
possession of weapons 43
|
|
26.9.41 Kauen-F.IV 412 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 615 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 581
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (sick and
|
|
suspected epidemic cases) 1608</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total carries over 66159</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Sheet 5
|
|
Total carried over 66159</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>2.10.41 <ent type='ORG'>Zagare</ent> 633 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1107 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 496
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (as these <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> were
|
|
being led away a mutiny rose, which
|
|
was however immediately put down;
|
|
150 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> were shot immediately; 7
|
|
partisans wounded) 2236
|
|
4.10.41 Kauen-F.IX 315 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 712 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 818
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (reprisal after
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>German</ent> police officer shot in ghetto) 1845
|
|
29.10.41 Kauen-F.IX 2007 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 2920 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 4273
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (mopping up ghetto
|
|
of superfluous <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>) 9200
|
|
3.11.41 Lazdijai 485 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 511 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 539
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1535
|
|
15.11.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Wilkowiski</ent> 36 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 48 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 31
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 115
|
|
25.11.41 Kauen-F.IX 1159 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1600 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 175
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (resettlers from
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Berlin</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Munich</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Frank</ent>furt am main) 2934
|
|
29.11.41 Kauen-F.IX 693 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1155 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 152
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (resettlers from
|
|
from <ent type='GPE'>Vienna</ent> and Breslau) 2000
|
|
29.11.41 Kauen-F.IX 17 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess, for contravention
|
|
of ghetto law, 1 <ent type='PERSON'>Reich</ent>s <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> who
|
|
converted to the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> faith and
|
|
attended rabbinical school, then 15
|
|
terrorists from the <ent type='PERSON'>Kalinin</ent> group 34</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>EK 3 detachment in <ent type='GPE'>Dunanburg</ent>
|
|
in the period 13.7-21.8.41: 9012 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses and <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
children, 573 active Comm. 9585</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>EK 3 detachment in <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent>:
|
|
12.8-1.9.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 425 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 19 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 8 Comm. (m.),
|
|
9 Comm. (f.) 461
|
|
2.9.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 864 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 2019 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 817
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children (sonderaktion because
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>German</ent> soldiers shot at by <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>) 3700</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total carried forward 99084</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>sheet 6</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> Total carried forward 99804</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>12.9.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 993 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1670 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 771
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 3334
|
|
17.9.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 337 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 687 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 247
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children and 4 Lith. Comm. 1271
|
|
20.9.41 Nemencing 128 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 176 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 99
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 403
|
|
22.9.41 Novo-Wilejka 468 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 495 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 196
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1159
|
|
24.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Riess</ent> 512 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 744 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 511
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1767
|
|
25.9.41 <ent type='ORG'>Jahiunai</ent> 215 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 229 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 131
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 575
|
|
27.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Eysisky</ent> 989 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1636 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 821
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 3446
|
|
30.9.41 <ent type='PERSON'>Trakai</ent> 366 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 483 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 597
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1446
|
|
4.10.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 432 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1115 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 436
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1983
|
|
6.10.41 <ent type='NORP'>Semiliski</ent> 213 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 359 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 390
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 962
|
|
9.10.41 Svenciany 1169 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1840 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 717
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 3726
|
|
16.10.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 382 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 507 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 257
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1146
|
|
21.10.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 718 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1063 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 586
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 2367
|
|
25.10.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 1776 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 812 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 2578
|
|
27.10.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 946 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 184 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 73
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1203
|
|
30.10.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 382 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 789 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 362
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1553
|
|
6.11.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 340 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 749 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 252
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 1341
|
|
19.11.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 76 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 77 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 18
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children 171
|
|
19.11.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 6 POW's, 8 <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent>s 14
|
|
20.11.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 3 POW's 3
|
|
25.11.41 City of <ent type='PERSON'>Wilna</ent> 9 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 46 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses, 8 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent>
|
|
children, 1 <ent type='LOC'>Pole</ent> for possession of arms
|
|
and other military equipment 64</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>EK 3 detachment in <ent type='GPE'>Minsk</ent> from
|
|
28.9-17.10.41:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <ent type='PERSON'>Pleschnitza</ent> 620 <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, 1285 <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses,
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Bischolin</ent> 1126 <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> children and 19
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Scak Comm</ent>.
|
|
Bober
|
|
Uzda 3050
|
|
--------
|
|
133346
|
|
Prior to EK 3 taking over security police duties, <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> liquidated
|
|
by pogroms and executions (including partisans) 4000
|
|
-----------
|
|
Total 137346</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Today I can confirm that our objective, to solve the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> problem for
|
|
<ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent>, has been achieved by EK 3. In <ent type='GPE'>Lithuania</ent> there are no more
|
|
<ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, apart from <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> workers and their families.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div> .
|
|
.
|
|
.</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>The distance between from the assembly point to the graves was on average
|
|
4 to 5 Km.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div> .
|
|
.
|
|
.</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>I consider the <ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> action more or less terminated as far as
|
|
<ent type='ORG'>Einsatzkommando</ent> 3 is concerned. Those working <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> and <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>esses still
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available are needed urgently and I can envisage that after the winter
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this workforce will be required even more urgently. I am of the view
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that the sterilization program of the male worker <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> should be
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started immediately so that reproduction is prevented. If despite
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sterilization a <ent type='NORP'>Jew</ent>ess becomes pregnant she will be liquidated.</p>
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<div> .
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.
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.</div>
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<p>(signed) Jager
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SS-Standartenfuehrer</p>
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<p> @@@@@@@@
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@@@ @@@
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@@@ ANOTHER @@@
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@@@ FILE BROUGHT TO @@@
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@@@ YOU BY @@@
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@@@ THE <ent type='ORG'>QUARTO</ent> MUNDISTA BBS @@@
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@@@ THE FOURTH WORLD BBS SYSTEM @@@
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@@@ FIDONET 1:352/333 206-786-9629 14.4 v32b @@@
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@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@</p>
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</xml> |