textfiles-politics/pythonCode/personTestingOutput/forg6.xml

<xml><p> 42 page printout, pages 196 to 237 of 322
CHAPTER VI</p>

<p> THE CHURCH FORGERY MILL</p>

<p> "Nevertheless, the forging of papal letters was even more
frequent in the Middle Ages than in the early <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>." (CE. ix,
203.)</p>

<p> <ent type='PERSON'>LYINGLY FOUNDED</ent> on forgery upon forgery, as has been made
manifest by manifold admissions and proofs, the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of Christ
perpetuated itself and consolidated its vast usurped powers, and
amassed amazing wealth, by a series of further and more secular
forgeries and frauds unprecedented in human history -- faintly
approximated only by its initial forgeries of the fundamental
gospels and epistles of the "New Testament of our Lord and <ent type='PERSON'>Savior</ent>
<ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>," and of the countless other forged religious
documents which we have so far reviewed. These first relate to the
infance of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> -- constitute its false certificates of
<ent type='ORG'>Heavenly</ent> birth and of Divine civil status. They are, as it were,
the livery of heaven with which Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> clothed its moral
nakedness until it attained maturer strength and became adept to
commit the most stupendous forgeries for its own self-aggrandizement and for the completer domination of mind and soul of
its ignorant and superstitious subjects.</p>

<p> The record which we shall now expose is the most sordid in
human annals, -- of frauds and forgeries perpetrated for the base
purposes of greed for worldly riches and power, and designed so to
paralyze and stultify the minds and reason of men that they should
suffer themselves to be exploited without caring or daring to
question or complain, and be helpless to resist the crimes
committed against them. Into this chapter we shall compress in as
summary manner as possible the revolting record of <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> fraud
by means of forged title deeds to vast territories, forged
documents of ecclesiastical power spiritual and temporal, forged
and false <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>, Martyrs,'Miracles and Relics -- surpassing the
power of imagination or accomplishment by any other than a divinely
inspired <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> which "has never deceived anyone," and which "never
has erred" -- in its profound, cynical knowledge and exploitation
of the degraded depths of ignorance and superstition to which it
had sunk its victims, and of their mental and moral incapacity to
detect the holy frauds worked upon them. This was the glorious Age
of Faith -- the Dark Ages of human benightedness and priestly
<ent type='GPE'>thralldom</ent> -- when Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> was the Divinely-illumined and unique
Teacher of <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent>, and when the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> world was too
ignorant to be unbelieving or heretic, -- for "unbelief is no sin
that ignorance was ever capable of being guilty of."</p>

<p> In those "Dark Ages, as the period of <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> ascendancy is
justly called" (<ent type='PERSON'>Lecky</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of European. Morals, ii, 14), "men
were credulous and ignorant," says Buckle; "they therefore produced
a religion which required great belief and little knowledge." Again
he says: "The only remedy for superstition is knowledge. ...
Nothing else can wipe out that plague-spot of the human mind." It
was, indeed, agrees CE. -- (from 432 to 1461) -- "an age of
terrible corruption and social decadence" (xiv, 318); and of its
mental state it says: "To such an extent had certain imaginary
concepts become the common property of the people, that they
repeated themselves as auto-suggestions and dreams." (CE. ix, 130.)
But exactly this period -- the "Dark Ages of <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> ascendancy," </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>-- with centuries before and since, was the heyday of Holy Faith
and Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>: it may well be wondered who was responsible for
such conditions, when only Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> existed, in plentitude of
power, the inspired Teacher of <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent>? During all these
centuries, "the overwhelming importance attached to theology
diverted to it all those intellects which in another condition of
society would have been employed in the investigations of science."
(<ent type='PERSON'>Lecky</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of Rationalism in Europe, i, 275; ef. Bacon, Novum
Organum, I, 89.) What else could be expected, was possible, when "a
bountyless intolerance of all divergences of opinion was united
with an equally boundless toleration of all falsehood and
deliberate fraud that could favor received opinions?" (<ent type='PERSON'>Lecky</ent>,
<ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of European Morals, ii, 15.) Indeed, "few people realize
the degree in which these superstitions were encouraged by the
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> which claims infallibility." (<ent type='PERSON'>Lecky</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>. Rationalism, i,
79, n.) It is confessed: "The <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> is tolerant of 'pious beliefs'
which have halved to further <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity"! (CE. xix,341.)</p>

<p> THE FORGED APOSTOLIC CONSTITUTIONS</p>

<p> For more than a thousand years, until their fraud was exposed
by modern historical criticism, these voluminous and most
commodious forgeries formed the groundwork and foundation of some
of the most extravagant pretensions of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> and its most
potent instrument of establishment and dominion of its monarchical
government The Apostolic Constitutions, which we have admitted for
naivete of invention with respect to the Apostolic Prince <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and
<ent type='PERSON'>Simon Magus</ent> in their magic contests in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, is in fact "a fourth-century pseudo-Apostolic collection. ... It purports to be the work
of the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent>, whose instructions, whether given by them
individually or as a body, are supposed to be gathered and handed
down by the pretended compiler, [<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent>] St. Clement of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, the
authority of whose name gave fictitious weight to more than one
such piece of early <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> literature. ... The Apostolic
Constitutions were held generally in high esteem and served as the
basis for much ecclesiastical legislation. ... As late as 1563 ...
despite the glaring archaisms and incongruities of the collection
it was contended that it was the genuine work of the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent> ...
could yet pretend, in an uncritical age, to Apostolic origin." (CE.
i, 636.)</p>

<p> The Constitutions, pretending to be written by the apostles,
laid down in minute detail all the intricacies of organization of
several centuries later; there being elaborate chapters "concerning
bishops," presbyters, deacons, all kinds of clergy, liturgies, and
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> proceedings and services, undreamed of by "apostles," or in
the "apostolic age." The prescriptions regarding the selection of
bishops are quite democratic, and vastly different from present
papal practices; the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>es, too, are distinctly episcopal and
independent. The nature of these provisions, as well as the grossly
false and fraudulent character of the whole, a vast arsenal of
papal aggression, may be seen by the following passage in the
apostolic first person: "Wherefore we, the twelve apostles of the
Lord, who are now together, give you in charge those divine
constitutions concerning every ecclesiastical form, there being
present with us <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent>, the chosen vessel, our fellow apostle, and
<ent type='PERSON'>James</ent> the bishop, and the rest of the presbyters, and the seven </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p>deacons. In the first place, therefore, I <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> say, that a bishop
to be ordained is to be, as we have already, all of us, appointed,
... chosen by the whole people, who, when he is named and approved,
let the people assemble, with the presbyters and bishops that are
present, on the Lord's day, and let them give their consent. ...
And if they give their consent," etc. (Apost. Const. VIII, 2, iv;
<ent type='ORG'>ANF</ent>. vii, 481-482.)</p>

<p> THE FORGED "APOSTOLIC CANONS"</p>

<p> From the same pious forging hand, says CE. (i, 637), comes the
related Apostolic <ent type='ORG'>Canons</ent> (composed about 400), "a collection of
ancient ecclesiastical decrees concerning the government and
discipline of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>; ... in a word, they are a handy summary
of the statutory legislation of the primitive <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. ... The claim
to be the very legislation of the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent> themselves, at least as
promulgated by their great disciple Clement. Nevertheless, their
claim to genuine Apostolic origin is quite false and untenable. ...
The text passed into Pseudo-<ent type='PERSON'>Isidore</ent>, and eventually <ent type='NORP'>Gratian</ent>
included (about 1140) some excerpts of these canons in his
'<ent type='ORG'>Decretum</ent>,' whereby a universal recognition and use were gained for
them in the law schools. At a much earlier date, <ent type='NORP'>Justinian</ent> (in his
sixth Novel) had recognized them as the work of the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent>, and
confirmed them as ecclesiastical law." (CE. iii, 279, 280.) Here
the pious priests of God palmed off these self-serving forgeries on
the great but superstitious Emperor and fraudulently secured their
enactment into imperial law. In the same article is a description
of "a larger number of forged documents appearing about the middle
of the ninth century," among which "the Capitula of Benedict
Levita, Capitula Angilrammi, <ent type='ORG'>Canons</ent> of Isaac of Langres, -- above
all the collection of Pseudo-<ent type='PERSON'>Isidore</ent>" (Ib. 285), which arch-forgery
we shall describe in its turn.</p>

<p> THE FORGED LIBER PONTIFICALIS</p>

<p> This famous, or infamous, official fabrication, "The Book of
the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent>s," is notorious for its spurious accounts of the early and
mythical "successors of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>." The <ent type='ORG'>Liber Pontificalis</ent> purports
to be "a history of the popes, beginning with St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and
continued down to the fifteenth century, in the form of
biographies" of their respective <ent type='GPE'>Holinesses</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>. (CE. ix, 224.)
It is an official papal work, written and kept in the papal
archives, and preserves for posterity the holy lives and wonderful
doings of the heads of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> universal. "<ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>orical
criticism," says CE., "has for a long time dealt with this ancient
text in an exhaustive way ... especially in recent decades." The
<ent type='ORG'>Liber</ent> starts off in a typically fraudulent clerical manner: "In
most of its manuscript copies there is found at the beginning a
spurious correspondence between <ent type='PERSON'>Pope Damasus</ent> and St. <ent type='PERSON'>Jerome</ent>. These
letters were considered genuine in the Middle Ages. ... <ent type='PERSON'>Duchesne</ent>
has proved exhaustively and convincingly that the first series of
biographies, from St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Felix III</ent> (IV, died 530) were
compiled at the latest under Felix's successor, Boniface II
(530-532). ... The compiler of the <ent type='ORG'>Liber Pontificalis</ent> utilized also
some historical writings, a number of apocryphal fragments (e.g.
<ent type='ORG'>the Pseudo</ent>-Clementine Recognitions), the Constitutum Sylvestri, the
spurious Acts of the alleged <ent type='ORG'>Synod</ent> of the 275 Bishops under </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent>, etc., and the fifth century <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> Acts of Martyrs.
Finally, the compiler distributed arbitrarily along his list of
popes a number of papal decrees taken from unauthentic sources, he
likewise attributed to earlier popes liturgical and disciplinary
regulations of the sixth century. ... The authors were <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>
ecclesiastics, and some were attached to the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Court</ent>." (CE. ix,
225.) The general falsity of the <ent type='ORG'>Liber</ent> is again shown and the
fraudulent use made of it by the later <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> forgers, thus
indicated: For instances, "in the '<ent type='ORG'>Liber</ent>' it is recorded that such
a pope issued a decree that has been lost, or mislaid, or perhaps
never existed at all. <ent type='PERSON'>Isidore</ent> seized the opportunity to supply a
pontifical letter suitable for the occasion, attributing it to the
pope whose name was mentioned in the '<ent type='ORG'>Liber</ent>."' (CE. v. 774.) Thus
confessed forgery and fraud taint to the core this basic record for
some five centuries of the official "histories" and Acts of Their
<ent type='GPE'>Holinesses</ent> of the primitive and adolescent years of the Holy
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and his "Successors" for a century or more are
thus again proven pious fictions and frauds.</p>

<p> THE "CONVERSION OF CONSTANTINE" FRAUD</p>

<p> As several of the most monumental of these holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>
forgeries are associated with the first "<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>" Emperor,
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, and His contemporary <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> I
(314-335), we may first notice the pious forged miracles which
brought <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> to Christ -- rather to the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s, and thus
blightingly changed the history of the world. <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Augustus</ent>
of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, was the bastard son of the Imperator <ent type='PERSON'>Constantius Chlorus</ent>
and a <ent type='NORP'>Bythnian</ent> barmaid who became his mistress, and, later, by
virtue of opulent gifts to the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, was raised to Heaven as St.
<ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent>. <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> was a picturesque "barbarian" <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>, with a
very bloody record of family -- and other -- murders to his credit,
mostly made to further his political ambitions. He was rival of the
four <ent type='ORG'>Caesars</ent> who shared the divided government, against whom he was
engaged in titanic struggle, to win the sole crown of empire. The
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s were now become rather numerous in <ent type='LOC'>East</ent> and <ent type='LOC'>West</ent>, some
two and a half or three millions out of the hundred millions of the
<ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent>, sufficient to make their adherence and support important to
the contestant who could gain control of them. To curry their favor
and support <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> adopted the tactics of his sportive father,
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantius</ent>, and made show of friendly disposition to them and even
of possible adoption of the new faith.</p>

<p> The occasion and the purely selfish and superstitious motive
for the alliance of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> with the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s and their God,
are described by the three noted <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> historians of the period,
-- all writing after his death, -- <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, Socrates and Sozomen,
all of whom give substantially the following account, here
abbreviated from <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, "Father of <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory," and an
intimate of the Emperor, in his ludicrously laudatory Life of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>:</p>

<p> "Being convinced that he needed some more powerful aid
than his military forces could af<ent type='ORG'>ford</ent> him, on account of the
wicked and magical enchantments which were so diligently
practiced by the tyrant <ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>, he sought divine
assistance. ... He considered, therefore, on what God he might
</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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<p> rely for protection and assistance. While engaged in this
enquiry, the thought occurred to him, that, of the many
emperors who had preceded him, who had rested their hopes on
a multitude of gods. ... none had profited at all by the pagan
deities, whom they sought to propitiate ... all had at last
met with an unhappy end, ... while the God of his father had
given to him, on the other hand, manifestations of his power.
... Reviewing, I may say, all these considerations, he judged
it to be folly indeed to join in the idle worship of those who
were no gods, and therefore felt it incumbent on him to honor
his father's God alone." (<ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, Life of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, I,
27; N&amp;PNF. I, 489; cf. Socrates, Eccles. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>. I, 2; Ib. II,
1-2; Sozomen, Eccles. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>. I, 3; Ib. p. 241.) So, <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>
chose the Christian's God to offset the "magical enchantments"
of the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> gods in favor of his rival, <ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>. The
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s flocked to his court and armies, and proud prelates
of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> hung around him and flattered his hopes. After
several military successes aided by the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s, the rival
armies faced for decisive contest near the historic Milvian
Bridge, in the environs of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, in the year 312. All are
familiar with the fabulous priestly story of the miraculous
<ent type='ORG'>Fiery Cross</ent> said to have been hung out in heaven just before
the battle in the sight of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> and all his army,
blazing with the famous device "In <ent type='PERSON'>Hoc Signo</ent> Vinces -- By this
Sign Conquer" -- though it was in <ent type='NORP'>Greek</ent> and read "En Touto
Nika," -- and by virtue of which <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> was himself
conquered for Christ or for His <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>.</p>

<p> Here we may again see the "god in the machine' -- a pious
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> fraud in the making, and watch its growth from nothing in
proportion of wonder from lying Father to Father as it is handed
on. Very remarkable it is, that Father Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent> wholly omits
this portentous event, though he devotes a large part of Book IX
and all of Book X of his <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> (written in 324), to
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, and enthusiastically describes the Battle of the
Milvian Bridge. Although he lugs divine intervention by the
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> God into every phase of the campaign, he is content with
this colorful, naive, account: "But the emperor (<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>),
stimulated by the divine assistance, proceeded against the tyrant,
and defeating him in the first, second, and third engagements, he
advanced through the greatest part of <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent>, and came almost to the
very gates of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>. Then God himself drew the tyrant [<ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>],
as if bound in fetters, to a considerable distance from the gates
[i.e. to the Milvian Bridge]; and here He confirmed those
miraculous events performed of old against the wicked, and which
have been discredited by so many, as if belonging to fiction and
fable, but which have been established in the sacred volume, as
credible to the believer. He confirmed them, I say, as true, by an
immediate interposition of his power, addressed alike I may say to
the eyes of believers and unbelievers. As, therefore, anciently in
the days of <ent type='PERSON'>Moses</ent>, the chariots of Pharaoh and his forces were cast
into the <ent type='LOC'>Red Sea</ent>, thus also <ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>, and his combatants and
guards about him, sunk into the depths like a stone, when he fled
before the power of God which was with <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>." And, in
commemoration of such signal divine aid, <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> "immediately
commanded a trophy of the Savior's passion [a <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>] to be placed </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>in the hand of his own statue" in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>. (<ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, HE. IX, ix, p.
397-9.) And with all this miraculous embellishment, not a word of
the <ent type='ORG'>Fiery Cross</ent> in Heaven, nor of the "miraculous conversion" of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>.</p>

<p> The pious fable, whether by him invented or not, is first
recorded by Father <ent type='PERSON'>Lactantius</ent>, tutor to Constantine's son <ent type='PERSON'>Crispus</ent>
before the pious father murdered his son; he tells it -- after
Constantine's death -- in its primitive and more modest form -- a
simple dream by night, in which Jesus the Christ appeared to
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, and was seen or heard -- or was fabled -- to tell
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> to decorate the shields of his soldiers with the holy
"sign of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>" before they went into the fight; this he did
and won the battle-post hoc, ergo propter hoc. <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> may
perhaps quite naturally have had such a dream -- dreams have many
vagaries, and the priests were ever at his ear. But the "heavenly
sign," the <ent type='GPE'>Labarum</ent> or <ent type='ORG'>Monogram</ent> of Christ, which <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> was by
divine revelation or priestly suggestion directed to place on the
shields of his soldiers, was no novel thing requiring a divine
revelation, even in a dream, to suggest to the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> priests of
a <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> emperor; "for it had been a familiar <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> symbol prior
to his conversion." (CE. viii, 718.) By a similar divine revelation
or priest-prompting, the <ent type='NORP'>Persian</ent> Cambyses had tied cats to the
shields of his soldiers in their campaign in 525 B.C. against the
cat-worshipping <ent type='NORP'>Egyptians</ent>, who thus dared not strike with their
swords; the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s worshipped the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of which the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>s
were superstitiously afraid, as we have seen from Father
<ent type='PERSON'>Lactantius</ent>. The result was at least the same, as related by Father
<ent type='PERSON'>Lactantius</ent>:</p>

<p> "And now a civil war broke out between <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> and
<ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>. ... At length <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> ... led his whole forces
to the neighborhood of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, and encamped them opposite to the
Milvian Bridge. ... <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> was directed in a dream to
cause the heavenly sign to be delineated on the shields of his
soldiers, and to proceed to battle. He did as he had been
commanded, and he marked on their shields the letter X, with
a perpendicular line drawn through it and turned round thus at
the top, being the cipher of Christ. ... The bridge in the
rear (of <ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>) was broken down. The hand of the Lord
prevailed, and the forces of <ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent> were routed." (Lact.,
On the Death of the Persecutors, ch. <ent type='ORG'>xliv</ent>; <ent type='ORG'>ANF</ent>. vii, 318.)</p>

<p> These Christ-monogram crosses were probably, to the mind's eye
of <ent type='PERSON'>Lactantius</ent>, simple wooden or painted miniatures like the more
life-sized one which a modern <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> specially exorcised and sent
along as an amulet or pious fetich of success on a recent
disastrous Polar Expedition. But by the time Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent> came
on to embellish the tale, the model at least was a thing truly of
beauty and wonder. In his Life of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, the holy Bishop, who
was on the Emperor's pay-roll, thus in substance relates:</p>

<p> "<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, having resolved to liberate <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> from the
tyranny of <ent type='PERSON'>Maxentius</ent>, and having meditated on the unhappiness of
those who worshipped a multitude of idols, as contrasted with the
good fortune of his own father <ent type='PERSON'>Constantius</ent>, who had favored
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity, resolved to worship the One True God; and while he </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>was in prayer to God that He would reveal Himself to him, and
stretch forth His right hand to succor him, he had a vision after
midday, when the sun was declining, in a luminous forin over the
sun, and an inscription annexed to it, '<ent type='PERSON'>Touto Nika</ent>' -- (by this
conquer), and at the sight of it he and all his forces were
astounded, who were spectators of the miracle. ... The following
night, when <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> was asleep, Christ appeared to him with
that sign, which had been displayed to him in the heavens, and
commanded him to make a standard according to the pattern of what
he had seen, and to use it as a defense against his enemies; and as
soon as it was day <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> called together the workers in gold
and precious stones, and ordered them to fashion it accordingly" --
(it being, by his description, certainly rich, if not gaudy). And
bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent> states that <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, "a long time after the
event affirmed with an oath the truth of what the Bishop had
recorded" of this wonderful unhistorical fact. (<ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, Life of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, I, 26-31; N&amp;PNF. i, 489-491; CE. viii, 717-8;
Wordsworth, op. cit. i, 358-9.) In a note to the last reference,
the acute Protestant clerical mind, in eager defense of even the
most absurd <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> fables, is seen at play: "It has been objected
(by <ent type='PERSON'>Dean Milman</ent> and others) that it is incredible that a warlike
motto on the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, converted into a military standard, should be
suggested by Him who is Prince of Peace. But He Who is Prince of
Peace is also Lord of Hosts; and Christ is revealed not only in the
Psalms, but also in the Apocalypse, as a Mighty Warrior going forth
conquering and to conquer." Clerical persons are really Funny-mentalists!</p>

<p> The pious Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, exemplar of <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> historical
un-veracity to the glory of God and <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, begins his Life of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> with this rhapsody over <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> dead: "When I raise
my thoughts even to the arch of heaven, and there contemplate his
thrice-blessed soul in communion with God himself, freed from every
mortal and <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent>ly vesture, and shining in a refulgent robe of
light, honored with an ever-blooming crown, and an immortality of
endless and blessed existence, I stand as it were without power of
speech or thought and unable to utter a single phrase, but
condemning my own weakness, and imposing silence on myself, I
resign the task of speaking his praises worthily to the immortal
God, who alone has power to confirm his own sayings." (<ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>,
Life, 1, 2; N&amp;PNF. i, 481-2.)</p>

<p> Here is the thrice-blessed Holy Emperor's record before he was
"freed from every mortal and <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent>ly vesture," and before his
blood-stained <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent>ly vestments were exchanged for that refulgent
robe of light in which he communed with God himself; this record is
of the one item only of family murderings: Maximian, his wife's
father, 310; Bassianus, his sister Anastasia's husband, 314;
Licinianus, his nephew, son of his sister Constantina, 319; <ent type='PERSON'>Fausta</ent>,
his wife, in a bath of boiling water, 320; <ent type='PERSON'>Sopater</ent>, <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>
philosopher and his former intimate Counsellor, 321; <ent type='PERSON'>Licinius</ent>, his
colleague <ent type='PERSON'>Caesar</ent> and his sister Constantine's husband, 325; with
this last, and the beheading of his own son <ent type='PERSON'>Crispus</ent>, 326, he fitly
inaugurated and consecrated the celebrated <ent type='ORG'>Council</ent> of Nicaea, which
he invoked to settle the famous puzzle, whether <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>, the
<ent type='PERSON'>Son</ent>, being born of the Father, were not consequently less ancient
than his Sire, so that there was a time when the Begotten <ent type='PERSON'>Son</ent> did </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>not exist, and whether they were "of the same substance," or
different. It may be noticed, that the devout "<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>" Emperor
regarded this as a trifling matter of dispute not justifying the
terrible row which it kicked up among the clericals, splitting the
subjects of the <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent> into throat-cutting factions for four
centuries. In his opening Address to the <ent type='ORG'>Council</ent> which he called to
establish peace among the priests, he turned to <ent type='PERSON'>Alexander</ent>, Bishop
of <ent type='GPE'>Alexandria</ent>, and to <ent type='ORG'>Arius</ent>, his presbyter, and their respective
howling factions, and declared: "I understand, then, that the
origin of this controvers is this -- [the question stated by
<ent type='PERSON'>Alexander</ent> on this point, and the negative reply of <ent type='ORG'>Arius</ent>]. Let
therefore both the unguarded question and the inconsiderate answer
receive your mutual forgiveness. ... For as long as you continue to
contend about these small and insignificant questions, it is not
fitting that so large a portion of God's people should be under the
direction of your judgment, since you are thus divided among
yourselves"! (<ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, Life of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, II, 69-71; N&amp;PNF. i,
516-7.)</p>

<p> With respect to the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> Emperor's murderings, the good
Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Lardner</ent>, with truly <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> modern moderation, admits that
the murderous atrocities of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> above listed "seem to cast
a reflection upon him"! But the holy Emperor was truly
conscientious and scrupulously concerned for his soul's salvation
on account of them; for it is recorded by the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> historian
Sozomen, that <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> is said to have sought first <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>, then
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>, absolution from these murders, first from <ent type='PERSON'>Sopater</ent>, then
from the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> bishops. He relates the anxious solicitations of
the murderer thus: "It is reported by the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>s that <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>,
after slaying some of his nearest relations, and particularly after
assenting to the murder of his own son <ent type='PERSON'>Crispus</ent>, repented of the
evil deeds, and inquired of <ent type='PERSON'>Sopater</ent>, the philosopher, concerning
the means of purification from guilt. The philosopher, so the story
goes, replied that such moral defilement could admit of no
purification, The Emperor was grieved at this repulse; but
happening to meet some bishops who told him that he would be
cleansed from sin, on repentance and on baptism, he was delighted
with their representations, and admired their doctrines, and became
a <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>, and led his subjects to the same faith. It appears to
me that this story was the invention of persons who desired to
vilify the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> religion. ... It cannot be imagined the
philosopher was ignorant that <ent type='PERSON'>Hercules</ent> obtained purification at
<ent type='GPE'>Athens</ent> by the celebration of the mysteries of Ceres after the
murder of his children, and of <ent type='ORG'>Iphitus</ent>, his guest and friend. That
the <ent type='NORP'>Greek</ent>s held that purification from guilt of this nature could
be obtained, is obvious from the instance I have just alleged, and
he is a false calumniator who represents that <ent type='PERSON'>Sopater</ent> taught the
contrary, ... for he was at that period esteemed the most learned
man in <ent type='GPE'>Greece</ent>." (Sozomen, i, 5; ii, 242-3.) It is said that the
rebuff of <ent type='PERSON'>Sopater</ent> denying <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> absolution was the motive of his
murder by the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> Emperor. Howbeit, <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> cautiously
denied himself the saving <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> rite of baptism until he was on
his deathbed, in Nicomedia, in the year of his forgiving Lord 337.
(Euseb., Life, iv, 62; Soc., i, 39; Soz., ii, 34; CE. i, 709.) But
none can deny the superiority of <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity over <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>ism in this
point of saving grace. The <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> historian, however, clearly
avers that some of the divinest sacraments of <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> Revelation,</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p>forgiveness of sin by God and absolution per priests, were ancient
features of the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> "Mysteries," of which even sinful <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>
demigods might be the beneficiaries.</p>

<p> But "the mighty and victorious <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, adorned with every
virtue of religion, with his most pious son, <ent type='PERSON'>Crispus</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Caesar</ent>,
resembling in everything his father," -- as his doxology is sung --
before the murder of <ent type='NORP'>Crisptis</ent> -- by good Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent> (HE. ix,
p. 443), -- was rather dubiously a "practicing" <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>; he
remained until death <ent type='PERSON'>Pontifex Maximus</ent>, or Sovereign Pontiff of the
<ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> religion, a title which the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> Bishops could not
arrogate until the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> Emperors abandoned it; he ordered the
auspices or divination by inspection of the entrails of birds, and
on his death, amply baptized with blood and by the deathbed heretic
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> rite, he was apotheoisized according to <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> custom and
raised as a god to heaven -- to rank along with his <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>
<ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>ed Mother, St. <ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent>, of whom more anon.</p>

<p> In this ecstatic vision of the celestial beatitude of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, the good Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent> was, from the orthodox or
"right-thinking" viewpoint sadly mistaken. <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> went
unshriven to Hell and everlasting torment; not indeed for his
crimes but for his errant creed, as a disbeliever in <ent type='ORG'>the Divinity</ent>
of <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent> and in the <ent type='GPE'>Holy Trinity</ent> -- which, indeed, had not
been yet invented. The majority of the <ent type='ORG'>Council</ent> of Niceea had by
force and terrorism decreed that <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent> was of the "same
substance" as his father God, co-eternal and coequal, ergo also
God. But <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>heretically</ent> disbelieved this inspired dogma;
he banished <ent type='PERSON'>Athanasius</ent> and other "<ent type='NORP'>Trinitarian</ent>?' prelates; even "the
death of <ent type='ORG'>Arius</ent> did not stay the plague. <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> now favored
none but <ent type='NORP'>Arians</ent>; he was baptized in his last moments by the shifty
[<ent type='NORP'>Arian</ent>] prelate of Nicomedia; and he bequeathed to his three sons
[themselves either <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>s or <ent type='NORP'>Arian</ent> heretics] an empire torn by
dissensions which his weakness and ignorance had aggravated." (CE.
i, 709.) To such a "weak and ignorant" Emperor is due, however, the
salvation of <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity from oblivion, and upon him is lavished
the adulations of the now "indefectible <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>" which his favor
alone made possible. As for the pious Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent>, he was
himself an <ent type='NORP'>Arian</ent> heretic, and from his point of view he may have
thought that he visioned <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> glorious in Heaven. So much
for divergent religious standpoints, which at the first <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>
<ent type='ORG'>Council</ent> "proved a beginning of strife, ... bequeathed an empire
torn with dissensions, ... [until] the <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> bishops, the monks,
the sword of Clovis, and the action of the <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent>, made an end of
it before the eighth century" (CE. i, 710), -- thus nearly four
hundred years of throat-cutting and persecutions before <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>
was finally proved a villainous heretic, the fatal effects of his
"weakness and ignorance" overcome, and "<ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> Truth" began to
assume its full sway undisputed through the long intellectual night
of the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> Dark Ages of Faith.</p>

<p> CHRISTIAN FORGERIES FOR POWER AND PELF</p>

<p> The "league with Death and covenant with Hell" whereby the new
<ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>ism called <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity became the official State religion
being now signed and sealed, and soon enforced by laws of bloody
persecution, we shall now admire the most monumental of the holy </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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<p>forgeries by which the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> consolidated its vast and <ent type='ORG'>nefast</ent>
dominion over the minds and bodies of the quickly degraded
populations under its sway.</p>

<p> THE "CONSTANTINE" FORGERIES</p>

<p> A series of <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> forgeries of the greatest magnitude and
most far-reaching evil consequences grew up around the name of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, forged in his name or falsely associated with it in
the nefarious work of almost limitless larceny of territorial
possessions and of papal sovereignty. A bit of historical
background is necessary to properly appreciate the underground
workings of Providence in disposing the success of these designs,
-- whereby, as said by Dr. McCabe, "<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Adrian</ent> I induced
<ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> to found the papal states by producing two of the most
notorious and most shameless forgeries ever perpetrated: 'The Acts
of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent>,' and 'The Donation of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>,' documents
which <ent type='PERSON'>mendaciously</ent> represented the emperor <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> as giving
most of <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent> to the papacy, and which were fabricated in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> in
the eighth century and were used by the popes to maintain this
gigantic fraud."</p>

<p> The intricate intriguing and conspiracies of the embryo papacy
under their <ent type='GPE'>Holinesses</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Zacharias</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Stephen</ent> II, <ent type='PERSON'>Adrian</ent> I, <ent type='PERSON'>Leo III</ent>,
and of the semi-barbarian aspirants for the <ent type='NORP'>Frankish</ent> monarchy,
Clovis, <ent type='PERSON'>Charles Martel</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent>, cannot be here
recounted. According to the picturesque account of Bishop St.
<ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> of <ent type='ORG'>Tours</ent> -- whose <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory is a thesaurus of the revolting
social and moral degradation of the times, Clovis was converted as
the result of his vow to the God of his <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> wife <ent type='PERSON'>Clotilda</ent>,
that if victory were granted to him in a great battle against the
<ent type='ORG'>Alemanni</ent>, in which he was hard pressed, he would become a
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>. Miracles at once attested the Divine favor: "St. <ent type='PERSON'>Martin</ent>
showed him a <ent type='ORG'>ford</ent> over the <ent type='GPE'>Vienne</ent> by means of a hind; St. Hilary
preceded his armies in a column of fire." (<ent type='PERSON'>Von Ranke</ent>, i, 12.) It
will be remembered that all the barbarian nations of the time were
"heretic" <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s of the hated <ent type='NORP'>Arian</ent> sect, who denied the
divinity of Christ and derided the <ent type='GPE'>Holy Trinity</ent>; the <ent type='NORP'>Franks</ent> thus
became the only "orthodox" <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s and the defenders of the True
Faith on behalf of the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent>s. Winning the fight, Clovis and 3000 of
his army were baptized on Christmas day by Bishop St. Remigius of
<ent type='NORP'>Rheims</ent>. When this good Bishop came to perform the baptismal
ceremony on the king in the cathedral of <ent type='NORP'>Rheims</ent>, "the chrism for
the baptismal ceremony was missing, and was brought from heaven in
a vase (ampulla) borne by a dove. This is what is known as the
<ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>e Ampoule of <ent type='NORP'>Rheims</ent>, preserved in the treasury of the
Cathedral of that City, and used for the coronation of the kings of
<ent type='GPE'>France</ent> from <ent type='PERSON'>Philip Augustus</ent> down to <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> X"! (CE. v, 71.)</p>

<p> FORGED DEEDS OF EMPIRE</p>

<p> The <ent type='NORP'>Merovingian</ent> kings of the <ent type='NORP'>Franks</ent> had become mere puppets in
the hands of their "Mayors of the <ent type='ORG'>Palace</ent>," in league with the
bishops of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>. At last "<ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent> addressed to the pope the
suggestive question: 'In regard to the Kings of the <ent type='NORP'>Franks</ent> who no
longer possess the royal power, is this state of things proper?'
... <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Zacharias</ent> replied that such a state of things was not </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>proper -- [that "he should be king who possessed the royal power"].
After this decision the place <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent> desired was declared vacant.
... Still this external cooperation of the pope in the transfer of
the <ent type='GPE'>Kingdom</ent> would necessarily enhance the importance of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>.
<ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent> was also obliged to acknowledge the increased power of the
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> by calling on it for moral [?] support." (CE. xi, 663.) In
pay or reward for this "moral support" given by the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent>,
it is said, gave to the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> some considerable territories around
<ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, which at the incitation of the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> he had wrested by arms
from the neighboring <ent type='ORG'>Lombards</ent>.</p>

<p> THE FORGED LETTER OF ST. PETER</p>

<p> To this alleged gift <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent> was induced not alone by the
sentiment of guilty gratitude to <ent type='PERSON'>Zacharias</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Stephen</ent>, the latter
of whom crowned him King of the <ent type='NORP'>Franks</ent> in 751; for further
persuasion His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Stephen</ent> II procured from the Vatican
Forgery Mill the identical autograph letter of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> himself,
prophetically addressed "To the King of the <ent type='NORP'>Franks</ent>," and so
mystically worded that: "When <ent type='PERSON'>Stephen</ent> II performed the ceremony of
anointing <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent> and his son at St. Denis, it was St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> who was
regarded as the mystical giver of the secular power"! (CE. xi,
663.) This cunning Papal forgery and fraud is thus described by a
high authority: "The pontiff dictated his letter in the name of the
apostle <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>, closely imitating his epistles, and speaking in a
language which implied that he was possessed of an authority to
anoint or dethrone kings, and to perform the offices, not of a
messenger, of a teacher sent from God, which is the highest
characteristic of an apostle, but of a delegated minister of His
power and justice." (<ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>orians' <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of the World, vol. viii,
p. 557.)</p>

<p> Also: "The <ent type='NORP'>Frankish</ent> king received the title of the former
representative of the Byzantine <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent>, i.e. '<ent type='PERSON'>Patricius</ent>,'
and was also assigned the duty of protecting the privileges of the
Holy See. ... After the acknowledgment of his territorial claims
the pope was in reality a ruling sovereign, but he had placed
himself under the protection of the <ent type='NORP'>Frankish</ent> ruler, and had sworn
that he and his people would be true to the king" (CE. xi, 663), --
the divine birthright thus swapped for a mess of political potage:
for over a thousand years since it has been a mess indeed. Thus by
conspiracy, fraud, and unrighteous conquest was laid the foundation
of the sacred "<ent type='ORG'>Patrimony</ent> of <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>," and the unholy league between
the papacy and the <ent type='NORP'>French</ent> kings, which reached full fruition in the
holy massacres of the Albigenses, of the Vendee, and of St.
Bartholomew.</p>

<p> A HOLY CONSPIRATION</p>

<p> The next step in the progress "conquering and to conquer" of
Christ's prostituted <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> was on a broader stage and with yet
vaster consequences. <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent> died in 768, dividing his realms between
his two sons, <ent type='PERSON'>Carloman</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent>, later "by the <ent type='PERSON'>Grace</ent> of God" and
great villainy known to fame as <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent> or <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent>;
<ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> receiving the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> part, <ent type='PERSON'>Carloman</ent> the <ent type='NORP'>French</ent>. On the
death of <ent type='PERSON'>Carloman</ent>, in 771, <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> seized the <ent type='NORP'>Frankish</ent> kingdom. The
widow and young heirs of <ent type='PERSON'>Carloman</ent> fled for protection and aid to </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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<p><ent type='PERSON'>Desiderius</ent>, king of the <ent type='ORG'>Lombards</ent>, part of whose stolen territory
the pope held for God and <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. <ent type='PERSON'>Desiderius</ent> was also father of the
repudiated first wife of <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent>; the holy matrimonial mess is thus
defined: "<ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> was already, in <ent type='PERSON'>foro conscientiae</ent>, if not in
<ent type='NORP'>Frankish</ent> law, wedded to <ent type='PERSON'>Himiltrude</ent>. In defiance of the pope's
protest, <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> married Desiderata, daughter of <ent type='PERSON'>Desiderius</ent> (770);
three years later he repudiated her and married <ent type='PERSON'>Hildegarde</ent>, the
beautiful <ent type='NORP'>Swabian</ent>. Naturally, <ent type='PERSON'>Desiderius</ent> was furious at this
insult, and the dominions of <ent type='EVENT'>the Holy See</ent> bore the first brunt of
his wrath." (CE. iii,.612.) <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> thereupon "had to protect <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>
against the Lombard"; finally the <ent type='ORG'>Lombards</ent> were "put to utter
rout"; <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> proceeded to <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>; and "history records with vivid
eloquence the first visit of <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> to the Eternal City. ...
<ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> himself forgot pagan <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> and prostrated himself to kiss
the threshold of the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent>, and then spent seven days in
conference with the successor of <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>. It was then that he
undoubtedly formed many great designs for the glory of God and the
exaltation of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, which, in spite of human weaknesses,
and, still more, ignorance, he did his best to realize." (Ib. 612.)
The principal fruit of this weakness and ignorance of <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> seems
to be that he could so easily let himself be duped by His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>
through the enormous forgeries for Christ's sake that were now
imposed upon him. In 774 <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent> finally defeated <ent type='PERSON'>Desiderius</ent> and
"assumed the crown of <ent type='GPE'>Lombardy</ent>, and renewed to <ent type='PERSON'>Adrian</ent> [now <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>
of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>] the donation of territory made by <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent>." The "genuineness
of this donation," as well as of "the original gift of <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent>," have
been much questioned, says CE., but are "now generally admitted,"
-- which is none too assuring; but another document, this time
favorable to <ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent>, is just the other way: "The so-called
'<ent type='PERSON'>Privilegium Hadriani</ent> pro <ent type='PERSON'>Carolo</ent>' granting him full right to
nominate the pope and to invest all bishops, is a forgery." (CE.
xi, 612). Here is precisely the reason and only effective use of
this forged "Donation of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>" -- it was the basis for the
inducement to <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> to win the Lombard territories for the
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> and to reinstate it in the "<ent type='ORG'>Patrimony</ent> of <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>," largely
swollen by the pretended new gifts of the ambitious king, who, in
the seven days' conference with His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>, had, undoubtedly,
formed together "some great designs for the glory of God and the
exaltation of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>," now begun to be realized.</p>

<p> The quarter of a century passed, and much history was made.
The <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> emperors ruled from <ent type='GPE'>Constantinople</ent>; <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> popes and kings
were legitimately their liegemen; "the Emperor of <ent type='GPE'>Constantinople</ent>,
legitimate heir of the imperial title," now becomes the victim of
papal and kingly conspiration, thus brought to its climax: "On
Christmas Day, 800, took place the principal event of the life of
<ent type='PERSON'>Charles</ent>. During the Pontifical <ent type='PERSON'>Mass</ent> celebrated before the high
altar beneath which lay the bodies of Sts. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent>, the pope
(<ent type='PERSON'>Leo III</ent>) approached him, placed upon his head the imperial crown,
did him formal reverence after the ancient manner, saluted him as
Emperor and <ent type='PERSON'>Augustus</ent> and anointed him," while the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> rabble
shouted its approval. Thus, again by collusion and usurpation,
began that Holy <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent>, of <ent type='ORG'>nefast</ent> history, which <ent type='PERSON'>Bryce</ent>
qualifies as "neither holy, nor <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>, nor empire"; but the Vicars
of God were now well started on their way to worldly grandeur and
moral degradation. Now for their forgeries.</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
207
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p> THE POPE SYLVESTER FORGERIES</p>

<p> The monumental forgeries which were boldly used by their
<ent type='GPE'>Holinesses</ent> to dupe <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent> into recognizing the
papal claim of right of ownership and sovereignty over a great part
of <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent> are a series of spurious documents harking in pretended
date and origin back to the "first <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> emperor" <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>
and to His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> St. <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> (314-335). About the name of
<ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> arose "the <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> Legend later surrounded with that
network of myth, that gave rise to the forged document known as the
Donation of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>." (CE. xiv, 257.) This fable, says Prof.
<ent type='ORG'>Shotwell</ent>, "made its way, gathering volume as it went, reinforced
eventually by a forged Donation, until it had imposed upon all
Europe the conception of <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> as the potent influence behind
Constantine's most striking measures and of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> himself as
the dutiful servant of the See of <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>." (See of <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>xxv</ent>i.) The
extensive variety but common general nature of these <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent>
forgeries is thus indicated:</p>

<p> "At an early date legend brings <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> St. <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> into
close relationship with the first <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> emperor, but in a
way that is contrary to historical fact. These legends were
introduced especially into the '<ent type='ORG'>Vita</ent> beati Sylvestri,' and in
the 'Constitutum Sylvestri' -- an apocryphal account of an
alleged <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> council which belongs to the <ent type='PERSON'>Symmachian</ent>
forgeries and appeared between 501 and 508, and also in the
'<ent type='PERSON'>Donatio Constantini</ent>.' The accounts given in all these
writings concerning the persecution of <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent>, the healing
and baptism of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, the emperor's gift to the pope,
the rights granted to the latter, and the council of 275
bishops at <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, are entirely legendary" (CE. xiv, 370-371).</p>

<p> THE FORGED "DONATION OF CONSTANTINE"</p>

<p> "Ah, <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>! to how much ill gave birth,
Not thy conversion, but that plenteous dewer,
Which the first wealthy Father gained from thee!"
<ent type='PERSON'>Dante</ent>, Inferno, xix, 115.</p>

<p> The <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> Encyclopedia, artless revealer of the frauds of
the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> for which it is an authorized spokesman, gives this
account of the famous <ent type='PERSON'>Donatio Constantini</ent>, which is describes as "a
forged document of Emperor <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent>, by which large
privileges and rich possessions were conferred on the pope and the
<ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. ... It is addressed by <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> to <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent>
I (314-35), and consists of two parts. ... <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> is made to
confer on <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> and his successors the following privileges and
possessions: the pope, as successor of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>, has the primacy
over the four Patriarchs of <ent type='GPE'>Antioch</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Alexandria</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Constantinople</ent>,
and <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent>, also over all the bishops in the world. ... The
document goes on to say that for himself the Emperor has
established in the <ent type='LOC'>East</ent> a new capital which bears his name, and
thither he removes his capital, since it is inconvenient that a
secular emperor have power where God has established the residence
of the head of the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> religion. The document concludes with
malediction's against all who violate these donations and with the
assurance that the emperor has signed them with his own hand and
placed them on the tomb of St. </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
208
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p><ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>. This document is without doubt a forgery, fabricated
somewhere between the years 750 and 850. As early as the 15th
century its falsity was known and demonstrated. ... Its genuinity
was yet occasionally defended, and the document still further used
as authentic, until <ent type='PERSON'>Baronius</ent> in his <ent type='ORG'>Annals</ent> Ecclesiastici admitted
that the 'Donatio' was a forgery, whereafter it was soon
universally admitted to be such. It is so clearly a fabrication
that there is no reason to wonder that, with the revival of
historical criticism in the 15th century, the true character of the
document was at once recognized. ... The document obtained wider
circulation by its incorporation with the 'False <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s'
(840-850)." (CE. v, 118, 119, 120.)</p>

<p> By Lord <ent type='PERSON'>Bryce</ent> a graphic sketch of this notorious fraud is
given, with comments as to the mental and moral qualities of the
priestcraft which it reflects. It is, he says, the -- "most
stupendous of medieval forgeries, which under the name of Donation
of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> commanded for seven centuries the unquestioning
belief of mankind. Itself a portentous falsehood, it is the most
unimpeachable evidence of the thoughts and beliefs of the
priesthood which framed it, sometime between the middle of the
eighth and the middle of the tenth century. It tells how
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent>, cured of his leprosy by the prayers of
<ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent>, resolved, on the fourth day of his baptism, to forsake
the ancient seat for a new capital on the <ent type='PERSON'>Bosphorus</ent>, lest the
continuance of the secular government should cramp the freedom of
the spiritual, and how he bestowed therewith upon the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> and his
successors the sovereignty over <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent> and the countries of the
<ent type='LOC'>West</ent>." (<ent type='PERSON'>Bryce</ent>, Holy <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent>, Ch. vii, p. 97; Latin text,
extracts, p. 98.) In addition to these extraordinary investitures,
all forms of imperial pomp, privileges and dignities were
spuriously granted to the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> and his clerics, "all of them
enjoyed by the Emperor and his <ent type='ORG'>senate</ent>, all of them showing the same
desire to make the pontifical a copy of the imperial office. The
<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> is to inhabit the Lateran palace, to wear the diadem, the
collar, the purple cloak, to carry the scepter, and to be attended
by a body of chamberlains. Similarly his clergy are to ride on
white horses and receive the honors and immunities of the <ent type='ORG'>senate</ent>
and patricians," including "the practice of kissing the pope's
foot, adopted in imitation of the old imperial court." (Ib. pp.
97-98.)</p>

<p> The grossness and absurdity of these stupendous forgeries,
with their pious recitals of Constantine's leprosy cured by
Sylvester's prayers, the consequent conversion and baptism of the
Emperor in the Lateran font, and the abandonment of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> by
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> in order to leave it free for God's Vicar, just up from
the catacombs, to ape imperial pomp, is made manifest by a moment's
notice of dates, and recollection of contemporary history.
Sylvester's <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> dates from 314, he died in 335; <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> in
337. Constantine's "conversion" by the "In <ent type='PERSON'>Hoc Signo</ent>" miracle, was
in 312, before <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> became pope; at no time did <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>
have leprosy, other than moral, therefore no physical cure was
wrought by Sylvester's prayers, and certainly no moral cleansing
worthy of note; <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> was not baptized by <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>,
but <ent type='PERSON'>heretically</ent> received that rite long after Sylvester's death,
and just before his own, in Nicomedia of </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
209
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p><ent type='LOC'>Asia</ent> Minor. (CE. i, 709.) But <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s were too sodden in
ignorance to know these things, and it was only with the "revival
of historical criticism" which marked the beginning of the end of
the Ages of Faith, that the truth was disclosed, or could have been
perceived. In words that blast and sear with infamy the
perpetrators and the conscious beneficiaries of this monumental
fraud and forgery, <ent type='PERSON'>Gibbon</ent> says:</p>

<p> "Fraud is the resource of weakness and cunning; and the
strong, though ignorant barbarian, was often entangled in the
net of sacerdotal policy. ... The <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent> and the Donation of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, the two magical pillars of the spiritual and
temporal monarchy of the popes. This memorable donation was
first introduced to the world by an epistle of <ent type='PERSON'>Adrian</ent> the
first, who exhorts <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> to imitate the liberality, and
revive the name, of the great <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>. ... So deep was,
the ignorance and credulity of the times, that the most absurd
of fables was received, with equal reverence, in <ent type='GPE'>Greece</ent> and in
<ent type='GPE'>France</ent>, and is still enrolled among the decrees of the canon
law. The emperors, and the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>s, were incapable of
discerning a forgery, that subverted their rights and freedom.
... The popes themselves have indulged a smile at the
credulity of the vulgar; but a false and obsolete title still
sanctifies their reign; and, by the same fortune which has
attended the decretals and the <ent type='PERSON'>Sibylline Oracles</ent>, the edifice
has subsisted after the foundations have been undermined."
(<ent type='PERSON'>Gibbon</ent>, Rise and Fall of the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent>, ch. xiv, pp. 740,
741, 742.)</p>

<p> The falsity of the Donation was first alleged and proved, in
1440, by the acute Humanist critic <ent type='PERSON'>Lorenzo Valla</ent>, who has the
exposure of more than one <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> forgery to his credit, and who
narrowly escaped the Holy Inquisition; and yet the document "was
still used as authentic" by Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> until the great <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>man
critic <ent type='PERSON'>Baronius</ent> forced the confession of the fraud, but the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>
still for centuries clung to the fruits of its fraud, and would not
give them up, with their revenues and rotten "sovereignty." The
ancient forgery of "Donation" was finally canceled by <ent type='NORP'>Italian</ent>
patriot bayonets in 1870, and the stolen territories of "Peter's
Patrimon" restored to United <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent>. That these Papal territories
were not of "divine" right, nor of even forged <ent type='PERSON'>muniments</ent> which can
be plausibly urged, is thus confessed: "All of this, of course, is
based upon painstaking deductions since no document has come down
to us either from the time of <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> or from that of <ent type='PERSON'>Pepin</ent>."
(CE. xiv, 261.) This is confirmed, and the precarious nature of the
usurped tenure thus stated: "Nominally, <ent type='PERSON'>Adrian</ent> I (772-775) was now
monarch of about two-thirds of the <ent type='NORP'>Italian</ent> peninsula, but his sway
was little more than nominal. ... It was in no slight degree owing
to Adrian's political sagacity, vigilance, and activity, that the
temporal power of the <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent> did not remain a fiction of the
imagination. ... The temporal power of the popes, of which <ent type='PERSON'>Adrian</ent>
I must be considered the real founder." (CE. i, 155-156.)</p>

<p> In a paragraph which gives a word of credit to <ent type='PERSON'>Valla</ent> for his
exposure of the forgeries of the "Donation" and the immense and
remarkable "Pseudo-Areopagite" <ent type='ORG'>Forgeries</ent>, previously mentioned, </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p>the vast extent of the output of the Vatican Forgery-Mill -- and
the evil persistence of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in clinging to them after
exposure, is thus admitted: "<ent type='PERSON'>Lorenzo Valla</ent>, 1440, counselled
Engenius IV not to rely on the Donation of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, which he
proved to be spurious. ... It was <ent type='PERSON'>Valla</ent> who first denied the
authenticity of those writings which for centuries had been going
about as the treatises composed by Dionysius the Areopagite. Three
centuries later the Benedictines of St. Maur and the Bollandists
were still engaged in sifting out the true from the false in
patristic literature, in <ent type='ORG'>hagiology</ent>, in the story of the foundation
of local churches" (CE. xii, 768), -- such Liars of the Lord were
the pious parasites of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>.</p>

<p> THE "SYMMACHIAN FORGERIES"</p>

<p> Among the sheaf of forged documents above confessed by CE. are
the so-called "<ent type='PERSON'>Symmachian</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Forgeries</ent>," forged by or in behoof of His
<ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> St. <ent type='PERSON'>Symmachus</ent> (498-514), products of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>
Forgery Mill operated by the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> to further papal pretensions of
the independence of the Bishops of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> from the just criticisms
and judgment of ecclesiastical tribunals, and putting them above
law clerical and secular. Whenever there was need for false
precedents, a simple turn of the crank of the wheel of the papal
forgery-mill produced them just to order. Thus, in this instance:
"During the dispute between <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> St. <ent type='PERSON'>Symmachus</ent> and the anti-pope
<ent type='PERSON'>Laurentius</ent>, the adherents of <ent type='PERSON'>Symmachus</ent> drew up four apocryphal
writings called the '<ent type='PERSON'>Symmachian</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Forgeries</ent>'. ... The object of these
forgeries was to produce alleged instances from earlier times to
support the whole procedure of the adherents of <ent type='PERSON'>Symmachus</ent>, and, in
particular, the position that the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> bishop could not be judged
by any court composed of other bishops." (CE. xiv, 378.) Our
Confessor is careful twice to impute these confessed forgeries to
the "adherents" of His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>; but they were forged for him,
used, of course with his knowledge and consent, to further his
cause in the dispute; they are thus distinctly forgeries by His
<ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>.</p>

<p> THE "FALSE DECRETALS" FORGERIES</p>

<p> A "record of forgery in the interest of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> which
resembles nothing else in history," in the words of Dr. McCabe, has
so far been presented; the climax and capstone is now to be seen in
what Voltaire terms "the boldest and most magnificent forgery which
has deceived the world for centuries," the so-called "False
<ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s of <ent type='PERSON'>Isidore</ent>." While it is true, as said by <ent type='ORG'>Reinach</ent>, that
"never yet has the papacy acknowledged that for 1000 years it made
use of forged documents for its own benefit," yet we have seen a
thousand confessions of the fact of forgery, and either the
admission or the inevitable inference, that they were used by the
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in the fraudulent obtention of viciously illicit ends. The
following brief paragraph of further confession from CE., is
pregnant with suggestion of the moral depravity of popes and
priests, the whole <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, the sodden ignorance of the votaries of
Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, cleric and lay, the darkness of the life of mind and
spirit till at the "<ent type='ORG'>Renaissance</ent>" men were reborn indeed, and after
slow and painful growth of learning and of freeing from fear, began
to expose the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in its forgeries, </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p>frauds, and vices. The tone of CE. is quite apologetical for this
particular monument of <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> fraud; it seeks palliation in the
conditions of ignorance of the Middle Ages; but it forgets that
Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> purposely produced this ignorance, and that <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent>s and
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> are illumined by the <ent type='PERSON'>Holy Ghost</ent> of their God against all
ignorance and error so that its "<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> never has erred and never
shall": but maybe this statement is itself an error. CE. now speaks
for this gigantic fraud of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, the False Isidorian
<ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s:</p>

<p> "Isidorian <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s is the name given to certain
apocryphal letters contained in a collection of canon laws
composed about the middle of the ninth century. ... Nowadays
every one agrees that these so-called papal letters are
forgeries. These documents, about 100 in number, appeared
suddenly in the ninth century and are nowhere mentioned before
that time. ... The pseudo-<ent type='PERSON'>Isidore</ent> makes use of documents
written long after the times of the popes to whom he
attributed them. The popes of the first three centuries are
made to quote documents that did not appear until the fourth
or fifth century, etc. Then again there are endless
anachronisms. <ent type='EVENT'>The Middle Ages</ent> were deceived by this huge
forgery, but during the <ent type='ORG'>Renaissance</ent> men of learning and the
canonists generally began to recognize the fraud. ...
Nevertheless the official edition of the 'Corpus Juris,' in
1580, upheld the genuineness of the false decretals." (CE. vi,
773.) But the God-guided Vicars of God knew they were
forgeries.</p>

<p> "Upon these spurious decretals," says <ent type='PERSON'>Hallam</ent>, "was built
the great fabric of papal supremacy over the different
national churches; a fabric which has stood after its
foundations crumbled beneath it; for no one has pretended to
deny, for the last two centuries, that the imposture is too
palpable for any but the most ignorant ages to credit."
(<ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of the Middle Ages, Bk. VII, ch. ii, 99.) Though on
their face affecting only matters spiritual and causes
ecclesiastical, they soon had all Europe strangled as in the
tentacles of a giant octopus, by a process thus described by
Lord <ent type='PERSON'>Bryce</ent>: "By the invention and adoption of the False
<ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s it (the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>) had provided itself with a legal
system suited to any emergency, and which gave it unlimited
authority through the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> world in causes spiritual and
over persons ecclesiastical. Canonical ingenuity found it easy
in one way or another to make this include all causes and
persons whatsoever; for crime is always and wrong is often
sin, nor can aught be done anywhere which may not affect the
clergy." (Holy <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent>, ch. x, 152.) "The Forgery," says
Dr. <ent type='ORG'>Draper</ent>, "produced an immense extension of papal power, it
displaced the old <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> government, divesting it of the
<ent type='NORP'>republican</ent> attributes it had possessed, and transforming it
into an absolute monarchy. It brought the bishops into
subjection to <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, and made the pontiff the supreme judge of
the whole <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> world. It prepared the way for the great
attempt, subsequently made by <ent type='ORG'>Hildebrand</ent>, to convert the
states of Europe into a theocratic priest-kingdom, with the
pope at its head." (<ent type='ORG'>Conflict between Religion and Science</ent>, ch.
x, 271.)</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
212
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p> The false pretense back of the huge forgery was that the
documents included were genuine papal letters and decretals of the
earliest popes, thus carrying back the Church's late pretensions to
the very first of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> and to the pretended and fictitious
associates and "Successors" of <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>. These spurious documents are
taken up seriatim by the critical Father <ent type='PERSON'>Dupin</ent>, as outlined in
<ent type='ORG'>ANF</ent>., viii, and each in its turn pronounced a forgery. From the
"Introductory Notice to the <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s," I think it pertinent to
quote the following paragraph:</p>

<p> "These frauds, which, pretending to be a series of 'papal
edicts' from Clement and his successors during the ante-<ent type='PERSON'>Niccne</ent>
ages, are, in fact, the manufactured product of the ninth
century, -- the most stupendous imposture of the world's
history, the most successful and the most stubborn in its hold
upon enlightened nations. Like the mason's framework of lath
and scantlings, on which he turns an arch of massive stone,
the <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s served their purpose, enabling <ent type='PERSON'>Nicholas</ent> I to
found the <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent> by their insignificant aid. That swelling
arch of vanity once reared, the framework might be knocked
out; but the fabric stood, and has borne up every weight
imposed upon it for ages. Its strong abutments have been
ignorance and despotism. <ent type='PERSON'>Nicholas</ent> produced his flimsy
framework of imposture, and amazed the whole <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> by the
audacity of the claims he founded upon it. The age, however,
was unlearned and uncritical; and, in spite of remonstrances
from <ent type='GPE'>France</ent> under lead of <ent type='GPE'>Hincmar</ent>, bishop of <ent type='NORP'>Rheims</ent>, the <ent type='LOC'>West</ent>
patiently submitted to the overthrow of the ancient <ent type='ORG'>Canons</ent> and
the Nicene Constitutions, and bowed to the yoke of a new canon
law, of which these frauds were not only made an integral, but
the essential, part. The <ent type='LOC'>East</ent> never accepted them for a
moment. ... The <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent> created the <ent type='LOC'>West</ent>ern schism, and
contrived to call it 'the schism of the <ent type='NORP'>Greek</ent>s.' The <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s
had created the <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent>, and they enabled the first <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> to
assume that communion with himself was the test of <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>
communion: hence his excommunication of the <ent type='LOC'>East</ent>erns, which,
after brief intervals of relaxation, settled into the chronic
schism of the <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent>, and produced the awful history of the
medieval <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in <ent type='LOC'>West</ent>ern Europe." (<ent type='ORG'>ANF</ent>. viii, 601.)</p>

<p> THE FORGED DECRETUM OF GRATIAN</p>

<p> Great and pernicious as were the influences of the forged
Isidorian <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s, there yet remained a step to bring the Forger
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> to the height of its age-old ambitious scheme to completely
imitate the olden <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent> and dominate the world. "<ent type='ORG'>The School</ent>
of Bologna had just revived the study of <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> law; <ent type='NORP'>Gratian</ent> sought
to inaugurate a similar study of canon law. But while compilations
of texts and official collections were available for <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> law, or
'Corpus juris civilis,' <ent type='NORP'>Gratian</ent> had no such assistance. He
therefore adopted the plan of inserting the texts in the body of
his general treatise; from the disordered mass of canons, collected
from the earliest days, he selected the law actually in force. ...
The science of canon law was at length established." (CE. ix, 57.)
But this disordered mass out of which <ent type='NORP'>Gratian</ent> selected was very
largely the old </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent></p>

<p>forged reliances of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>; thus in making his selections
"<ent type='NORP'>Gratian</ent> alleges forged decretals" (CE. iv,), -- including the
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> Donation, the <ent type='PERSON'>Isidore</ent> forgeries, etc. Yet, withal, "the
'<ent type='ORG'>Decretum</ent>' of <ent type='NORP'>Gratian</ent> was considered in the middle of the twelfth
century as a corpus juris canonici, i.e. a code of ecclesiastic
laws then in force." (CE. iv, 671.) It clinched the rivets in the
forged fetters of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> upon the neck of <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent>, and
sanctioned the principles which in the next century were invoked to
found and justify the Holy Inquisition. Of this celebrated
document, the beginning of the "science" of <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> legistic
sophistry, <ent type='ORG'>Draper</ent> says: "The most potent instrument of the new
papal system was Gratian's <ent type='ORG'>Decretum</ent>, which was issued about the
middle of the Twelfth Century. It was a mass of fabrications. It
made the whole <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> world, through the papacy, the domain of
the <ent type='NORP'>Italian</ent> clergy. It inculcated that it is lawful to constrain
men to goodness, to torture and execute heretics, and to confiscate
their property; that to kill an excommunicated person is not
murder; that the pope, in his unlimited superiority to all law,
stands on an equality with the <ent type='PERSON'>Son</ent> of God." (Conflict between
Science and Religion, ch. x, p. 273.)</p>

<p> THE FULL FRUITION OF FORGERY</p>

<p> As said by Dr. McCabe: "There was no need of further
forgeries. Now securely established on its basis of forged
donations of temporal power and territory, forged decretals stating
its spiritual powers, and forged lives of saints and martyrs, the
papacy was so strong and prosperous that the popes actually dreamed
of forming a sort of United States of Europe with themselves as
virtual presidents. Nearly every country was in some ingenious way
made out to be a fief of the <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent> and bound to recognize the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent>
as its feudal monarch." (LBB. 1130, 44-5.)</p>

<p> Founding thus its religion, that newer form of <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>ism called
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity, on falsehood and forged "Scripture" documents; its
pretensions to superiority and "primacy" on gross "interpolations"
into the forged Scriptures; its spurious claims to territorial
possessions and temporal sovereignty upon forged title-deeds and
Donations; its "spiritual" and legal domination upon forged <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>
law and constitutions, -- thus was the visible <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of Christ
brought to the perfection of its power and degradation. For fifteen
hundred years every document under which it claimed, it forged; it
forged until it had no longer need of forgery, for nothing was left
to forge; forged so long as it could forge with impunity, for with
the <ent type='ORG'>Renaissance</ent> its old forgeries began to be discovered and
exposed, and it could commit undetected no further documentary
forgeries.</p>

<p> Such is the objective side, as it were, of the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>
religion and its <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. Its subjective side, the subjugation of
its victims by imposed ignorance and superstition, through
limitless forgeries of miracles, martyrs, saints and relics,
remains to be briefly noticed as a sort of by-product of the Holy
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> Forgery Mill.</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p> THE FRUSTRATED <ent type='ORG'>EMS</ent> REVOLT</p>

<p> Not to mention the revolt known as the "Reformation," the
discovery of the unholy and criminal practices of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in the
matter of its claims of primacy and jurisdiction, as defined in the
Isidorian False <ent type='NORP'>Decretal</ent>s, led to one tardy and half-way
ecclesiastical effort of revolt within the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, which
might have developed into something worth while to humanity as a
whole, but that "political considerations" intervened to bring it
to naught. It is cited simply by way of historical reminder, and as
suggestive of what may yet be effectively accomplished to the full
extent of popular repudiation.</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>The Congress</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Ems</ent>, in 1786, was a gathering of the
representatives of a number of <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Archbishops</ent> and other clergy,
"for the purpose of protesting against papal interference in the
exercise of episcopal powers and fixing the future relations
between these archbishops and the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> pontiff. ... On 25 August,
1786, these archiepiscopal representatives signed the notorious
'<ent type='EVENT'>Punctation</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Ems</ent>,, consisting of twenty-three articles, which
aimed at making the <ent type='NORP'>German</ent> archbishops practically independent of
<ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>. Assuming that Christ gave unlimited power of binding and
loosing to the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent> and their successors, the bishops, the
'<ent type='EVENT'>Punctation</ent>' maintains that all prerogatives and reservations which
were not actually connected with the primacy during the first three
centuries owe their origin, to <ent type='ORG'>the Pseudo</ent>-Isidorian decretals,
universally acknowledged as false, and, hence, that the bishops
must look upon all interference of the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> Curia with the
exercise of their episcopal functions in their own dioceses as
encroachments on their rights. ... It may easily be seen that the
articles of the '<ent type='EVENT'>Punctation</ent>' lower the papal primacy to a merely
honorary one and advocate an independence of the arch-bishops in
regard to the pope which is entirely incompatible with the <ent type='ORG'>Unity</ent>
and <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>ity of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of Christ," -- such are the unctuous
objections made by Christ's <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. However, the <ent type='EVENT'>Punctation</ent>s were
"ratified by the <ent type='ORG'>Archbishops</ent>, and sent to Emperor <ent type='PERSON'>Joseph</ent> ii for his
support. The Emperor was pleased with the articles, and would have
pledged his unqualified support if his councillors had not for
political reasons advised him otherwise." (CE. v, 409-10.)
Rejecting the "assumption," now known to be false and forged, that
Christ had anything at all to do with <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and the Rock-and-Keys
forgery, all may now feel free to discard these primitive
"Scripture" frauds just as all the others of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> which have
been exposed as false and abandoned.</p>

<p> FORGED SAINTS, <ent type='NORP'>MARTYRS</ent> AND MIRACLES</p>

<p> "Throughout <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory there are miracles so well
authenticated that their truth cannot be denied." (CE. x, 345.)
" ... after the working of <ent type='PERSON'>Satan</ent> with all power and signs and
lying wonders." (2 Thess. ii, 9.)</p>

<p> Look we for a moment 'on this picture and on that, the
counterfeit presentment, to slightly adapt Hamlet, of two modern
Miracles, published to the world in the <ent type='GPE'>Metropolitan</ent> press, -- a
sort of study in what may be called <ent type='ORG'>Comparative Credulity</ent>. The </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>first, although they "read it in the paper," no <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> or no
Infidel will hesitate to laugh at or commiserate as a ridiculous
superstition, taken advantage of by greedy priests to exploit their
credulous dupes. Only benighted heathen <ent type='NORP'>Buddhists</ent> religiously
believe the following:</p>

<p> "<ent type='ORG'>Peasant</ent> says <ent type='PERSON'>Buddha</ent> arose and Cured Him.
"<ent type='NORP'>Chinese</ent> Tale of a 'Miracle' by Stone Image Causes Religious
"Revival at <ent type='GPE'>Peking</ent></p>

<p> "<ent type='GPE'>Peking</ent>, Sept. 7. A tremendous revival of religious
superstition is being experienced by the <ent type='NORP'>Buddhists</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Peking</ent> and
vicinity, because an aged peasant vows that he was cured (last
week) of a long-standing ailment when one of the stone images of
the sitting <ent type='PERSON'>Buddha</ent> at <ent type='ORG'>Palichwang</ent> Pagoda rose to its feet, stepped
forward, and then raised its arm in sign of benediction.</p>

<p> "The old peasant, named <ent type='PERSON'>Chang</ent> Chi-kuang, is a farmer, living
near <ent type='ORG'>Palichwang</ent> Pagoda [a short distance from the <ent type='GPE'>Peking</ent> gate of
<ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent> Wall]. <ent type='PERSON'>Chang</ent> Chi-kuang, who, his neighbors say, has long
suffered from lung trouble [passing by with a load of garden-truck
which he was carrying afoot into the city], became exhausted, and
stopped for rest and for refuge from the heat in the shade of an
old tree near the Pagoda, which is thirteen stories high and was
built 500 years ago, and in the days of the <ent type='PERSON'>Ming</ent> emperors.</p>

<p> "<ent type='PERSON'>Chang</ent> Chi-kuang, as he lay resting in the shade, found his
gaze focused on the figure of the sitting <ent type='PERSON'>Buddha</ent>, in the third
story of the Pagoda. ... The figure rose, <ent type='PERSON'>Chang</ent> says, took two
steps, and raised its arms with a gesture of blessing. At this
point, according to <ent type='PERSON'>Chang</ent>, he nearly swooned. He then fell to his
knees in devout worship, and when he raised his head after a long
prayer the <ent type='PERSON'>Buddha</ent> had gone back to the place and position of the
last few hundred years.</p>

<p> "The story of this miracle has spread rapidly. Every day now
thousands of pilgrims go to <ent type='ORG'>Palichwang</ent> from <ent type='GPE'>Peking</ent> and from the
villages and farms in this part of the province.</p>

<p> "Both sides of the road from the <ent type='GPE'>Peking</ent> gate to the Pagoda are
now lined with booths where incense is sold, and hundreds of Lama
priests, with their begging bowls, now reap a rich gathering from
the pious pilgrims. ... And old <ent type='PERSON'>Chang</ent> swears that he is now in
better health than he has enjoyed since he was a boy." (Special
Correspondence of <ent type='ORG'>the New York</ent> Times, October 14, 1928.)</p>

<p> The foregoing religious news item is found archived in the
"<ent type='ORG'>Morgue</ent>" of <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent> "Religious" Daily under the discrediting
caption "Superstitions"; it will be noticed that the word "Miracle"
in the headline is printed in quotes. No such skeptical note is to
be found in its next -- <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> -- report.</p>

<p> Hundreds of millions of pious priest-ridden <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s do
believe the following, testified under oath in a military court, --
other hundreds of millions will regard it as they do the <ent type='NORP'>Buddhist</ent>
tale above related, -- and the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> one below:</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p> "Soldier's Story of a Miracle Saves Him at <ent type='ORG'>Court</ent>-Martial.</p>

<p> "<ent type='NORP'>Croatian</ent> newspapers tell how a miracle figured as a
determining factor in a court-martial trial. During the
<ent type='NORP'>Austrian</ent> invasion of Upper <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent> a <ent type='NORP'>Croatian</ent> soldier was
suspected of having stolen a pearl necklace from a statue of
<ent type='ORG'>the Holy Virgin</ent> in a pilgrims' church and was brought to
trial. He admitted having taken the necklace. but insisted
that it was a gift to him.</p>

<p> "He said that he had gone into the church to pray, and
had lamented before the statue of the Virgin the sad lot of
his family, whom he had been compelled to leave destitute.
Thereupon, he said, <ent type='ORG'>the Holy Virgin</ent> bowed her head, and took
the pearls from her neck and handed them to him.</p>

<p> "The <ent type='ORG'>Court</ent> could not venture to reject this story
offhand, as there was general belief in the miracle-working
power of the statue. So it referred the matter to two Bishops,
asking them whether such a miracle was within the domain of
possibility.</p>

<p> "The Bishops were perplexed. If they answered 'Yes,' they
might be protecting a rascal. But if they said 'No,' they
would destroy the repute of that church for miraculous power
and phenomena. Finally they answered that such a miracle was
within the range of possibility; and in consequence the
soldier was acquitted.</p>

<p> "But the Colonel of the regiment to which the soldier
belonged was either skeptical or of a most prudent turn of
mind, for after the verdict of the court had been announced he
issued his order: 'In future no soldier under my command is
permitted, under heavy penalty, to accept a gift from
anybody."' (<ent type='ORG'>New York</ent> Times, Oct. 10, 1926.)</p>

<p> It is not reported whether this episcopal pair of men of God
were unfrocked for perjury and the perversion of justice, or even
gently chided by His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>.</p>

<p> The "lying wonders" of saints, martyrs and miracles are so
intimately related, and so inextricably interwoven the one form of
pious fraud with the others, that they must needs be bunched
together in this summary treatment of but few out of countless
thousands, millions perhaps, of them recorded for faith and
edification in the innumerable "Acts" and "Lives" and wonder-works
of the Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of God. Those which are here mentioned are
picked at random from a turning of the pages of the fifteen
ponderous tomes of CE., where they may be verified under the
respective names of the <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>. With scarcely an exception they are
soberly recounted as actual verities of the past and living
realities of the present.</p>

<p> The degraded state of mind of the Faithful, and the moral
depravity of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> which for nearly two millennia, and yet
into the twentieth century, peddles these childish fables as
articles of <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> faith, may be known by the mere fact of the </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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<p>existence in limitless numbers of these precious myths. Founded by
<ent type='PERSON'>Jean Bolland</ent>, of <ent type='GPE'>Belgium</ent>, in the early years of the 1600's, an
important <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Society</ent>, known as the Bollandists, yet exists and
industriously carries on its labors. "This monumental work, the
<ent type='PERSON'>Acta Sanctorum</ent> of the Bollandists, has become the foundation of all
investigation in hagiography and legend." (CE. ix, 129.) For some
three centuries its task has been and yet is, to edit and publish
in official <ent type='PERSON'>Acta Sanctorum</ent> the Lives and "Acts" -- authenticated
records -- of every <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> in the Holy <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> Calendar. Arranged in
order of dates of their "feast days," so numerous is this heavenly
mill-made host that up to the month of October over 25000
officially authenticated <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent> are recorded; the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>-library of
the <ent type='ORG'>Society</ent> has over 150000 saintly volumes. As it costs about
$50000 to turn out one <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> by canonization, and "not less than
$20000" for beatification or the bestowal of the title of Blessed
(CE. ii, 369), -- the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> revenue from this single source is
seen to have been
considerable.</p>

<p> Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> is very careful and conscientious in its processes
of certifying <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>; at least two allegedly genuine and fully
authenticated miracles must be proven to have been performed by the
candidate alive or worked by his relics after death, before final
payment is required and the name certified as a <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> to the
Calendar. A fairly modern instance showing this clerical
scrupulosity may be cited, that of the Venerable <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent> de Sales, who
died in 1875 -- "Wishing to save the world over again, Jesus Our
Lord had to use means till then unknown," that is, "The Way"
invented by <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent>; but no miracles were satisfactorily proved to
justify making her a <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>; however, her sanctity was proved, and
she was decreed Venerable; some miracles must later have been
proved up in her behalf, or the requisite $20000 paid, -- for in
1897 her Beatification was decreed. (CE. ix, 754.)</p>

<p> However, even <ent type='ORG'>Infallibility</ent> may be fooled sometimes, even if
not all the time. The most notorious instance is that of the holy
<ent type='GPE'>Saint Josaphat</ent>, "under which name and due to an odd slip of
inerrant inspiration, the great Lord <ent type='PERSON'>Buddha</ent>, "The Light of <ent type='LOC'>Asia</ent>,"
was duly certified a <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> in the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> Martyrology (27 Nov.; CE.
iii, 297). More modernly, in 1802, an old grave was found
containing a cadaver and a bottle "supposed to contain the blood of
a martyr"; the relies were enshrined in an altar, and the erstwhile
owner of the remains was duly and solemnly canonized as <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>
Philomena; but this was "by mistake"; and thus were fooled two
infallible <ent type='GPE'>Holinesses</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory XVI</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Leo III</ent>. (CE. xii, 25.)</p>

<p> "SPECULA STULTORUM"</p>

<p> Before thumbing the wonder-filled pages of CE. to pick out
from thousands, sundry examples of the inspired and truthful
histories of <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent> and Martyrs, recorded for the moral edification
and mental stultification of the Faithful of the Twentieth Century,
-- when only the miracles of Science in benefit of humanity are
recognized by many as real, -- we may note the comment of that
Exponent of "<ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> Truth" conscientiously questioning a case or
two of the certified <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>-</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>records. With respect to one of the notable female <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>, St.
<ent type='PERSON'>Catherine</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Alexandria</ent>, it is candidly explained: "Unfortunately
these Acts have been transformed and distorted by fantastic and
diffuse descriptions which are entirely due to the imagination of
the narrators -- [a notable one of whom was the great Bossuet of
<ent type='GPE'>France</ent>], -- who cared less to state authentic facts than to charm
their readers by recitals of the marvelous." (CE. iii, 445.)
Speaking of another case, St. Emmeram: "The improbability of the
tale, the fantastic details of the Saint's martyrdom, and the
fantastic account of the prodigies attending his death, show that
the writer, infected by the pious mania of his time, simply added
to the facts imaginary details supposed to redound to the glory of
the martyr." (v, 406.) How often have we heard from this same
exponent of "<ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> Truth" this same exculpation of priestly
pious mendacity in wondermongering!</p>

<p> Questioning a few such instances, implicitly carries with it
the moral assurance that all the others, related as unquestioned
fact, are free from such taint of fraud, -- are, indeed, among
those "miracles so well authenticated that their truth cannot be
denied." Indeed, the reality and authenticity of very many, for
example, the bubbling blood of the sixteen-hundred-year-old
martyred St. Januarius, and its frequent efficacy in stopping
eruptions of <ent type='LOC'>the Volcano</ent> Mt. Vesuvius, are explicitly affirmed by
the <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> Encyclopedia, which is now to be quoted. It may be
suspected, however, that even these certified <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>-tales, like so
many others, are fakes and "belong to the common foundation of all
legends of saints" (CE. i, 40), the fraud of which is confessed.</p>

<p> Very portentous is this St. Januarius, "martyred" about 305:
"His holy blood is kept unto this day in a phial of glass, which
being set near his head, bubbles up as though it were fresh," in
the church of St. Januarius at <ent type='GPE'>Naples</ent>; a long article is replete
with plenary proofs of this and other miracles of the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>. He was
thrown into a fiery furnace, but the flames would not touch him and
his companions; his executioner was struck blind, but the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>
cured him. His holy remains were brought to <ent type='GPE'>Naples</ent>, and are famous
on account of many miracles, as recorded in the official papal
"present <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> Martyrology," a longer account being given in the
Breviary, as quoted in these words of assurance: "Among these
miracles is remarkable the stopping of eruptions of <ent type='LOC'>Mount Vesuvius</ent>,
whereby both that neighborhood and places afar off have been like
to be destroyed. It is also well known and is the plain fact, seen
even unto this day, that when the blood of St. Januarius, kept
dried up in a small glass phial, is put in sight of the head of the
same martyr, it is wont to melt and bubble up in a very strange
way, as though it had but freshly been shed. ... For more than four
hundred years this liquefaction has taken place at frequent
intervals"; elaborate tests, the last reported in 1902 and 1904,
have been unable to account for the phenomenon except as due to
miracle. "It has had much to do with many conversations to
<ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>ism. Unfortunately, however, allegations have often been
made as to the favorable verdict expressed by scientific men of
note, which are not always verifiable. The supposed testimony of
the great chemist, Sir <ent type='PERSON'>Humphrey Davy</ent>, who is declared to have
expressed his belief in the genuineness of
the miracle, is a case in point." (CE. viii, 295-7.)</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
Box 926, <ent type='GPE'>Louisville</ent>, KY 40201
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<p> This Holy Bottle of blood might well be borrowed to stop the
present eruption of Mt. <ent type='ORG'>AEtna</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Sicily</ent>, which (as this is
written), is destroying several populous towns and "the most
intensively cultivated land in <ent type='GPE'>Sicily</ent>," by a torrent of lava a mile
in width, against which the local Patron seems impotent: "The lava
struck <ent type='NORP'>Mascali</ent>, a town of 10000 inhabitants last night, just after
the townsfolk had finished celebrating the feast of their patron,
St. Leonardo, whose statue was carried on the shoulders of four old
men." (N.Y. Herald-Tribune, Nov. 8, 1928.) But such pious
thaumaturgies do not seem to be overly potent this year. In this
unguarded a priori surmise I find myself mistaken, and apologize to
the gentle reader and to Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. There is no need to borrow
the Vesuvius-stopping Blood of St. Januarius; <ent type='GPE'>Sicily</ent> has its own
local <ent type='ORG'>AEtna</ent>-stopper, the Holy Veil of St. Agatha, "which, according
to tradition, has arrested the flow of lava toward <ent type='GPE'>Catania</ent> in the
past." This sacred and potent relic, a bit tardily, after several
large towns have been wiped out, has now "been exposed in the
cathedral by order of the Archbishop Cardinal Nava, who also issued
an appeal for prayers by all in the diocese. He exhorted the
population to remain calm and maintain their faith. On previous
occasions prayers to St. Agatha were said when an eruption
occurred, and the lava stopped short before <ent type='PERSON'>Nicolosi</ent> and
Linguaglossa, twenty-five miles north of <ent type='GPE'>Catania</ent>." (N.Y. <ent type='LOC'>Sun</ent>, Nov.
13, 1928.) This tardy exposition of the Relics and order for
prayers, -- after scientific examinations and airplane explorations
had shown that the fiery forces were about spent and "the lava
showing signs of solidification and emissions from the smoking
mountain lessening," -- is somewhat posthumous, or humorous; the
devastation was already wrought. If St. Agatha's anti-volcano Veil
had been gotten out of storage and waved or hung up on the first
signs of eruption, some of this history, one way or another, would
have been different. But if the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> can stop volcanoes after the
evil deed is done, -- Well, one miracle of prevention is better
than a larger number of miracles of cure, -- which are ineffective
to repair the havoc in such cases. Like miracles of 'liquefaction
of Holy Blood yet occur abundantly, as in the noted cases of
"'<ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>John</ent> the <ent type='ORG'>Baptist</ent>, <ent type='PERSON'>Stephen</ent>, Pantaleone, Patricia, <ent type='PERSON'>Nicholas</ent>,
Aloysius," et id omne genus; so with the bottled "Milk of our Lady"
and the canned "fat of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Thomas Aquinas</ent>," on their respective
<ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>-days!. (CE. viii, 297.)</p>

<p> The sacred <ent type='ORG'>Council</ent> of Trent, in 1546, decreed: "That the
saints who reign with Christ offer to God their prayers for men;
that it is good and useful to invoke them by supplication and to
have recourse to their aid and assistance in order to obtain from
God His benefits through His <ent type='PERSON'>Son</ent> and Our <ent type='PERSON'>Savior</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>, who
alone is our <ent type='PERSON'>Savior</ent> and Redeemer." (Session <ent type='ORG'>xxv</ent>.) But the sacred
<ent type='ORG'>Council</ent>, in its preoccupation of combating the nascent outraged
revolt and protest of Protestantism, which was filching its most
plausible counterfeits for circulation in a hostile camp, -- seems
to have overlooked this scrap of forged Scripture: "For there is
one God, and one Mediator between God and men, the man Christ
Jesus." (I Tim. ii, 5.) The effect, however, of this multiplication
of saintly mediators is picturesque; it is finely exemplified in
the great painting "The Intercession of the </p>

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<p><ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>," in the Royal Gallery at <ent type='GPE'>Naples</ent>: In the background is the
plague-stricken city; in the foreground the people are praying to
the city authorities to avert the plague; the city authorities are
praying to the <ent type='NORP'>Carthusian</ent> monks; the monks are praying to the
Blessed Virgin; the Virgin prays to Christ; and Christ prays to his
Father Almighty. The <ent type='PERSON'>Holy Ghost</ent>, who "itself maketh intercession
for us with groanings which cannot be uttered," is quite left out
of the picture. Just how good and useful it is to invoke the <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>
directly, saving Doctor's bills and other inconveniences, will be
noticed in the catalogue of <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent> below inscribed.</p>

<p> It was in the fifth century, says Dr. McCabe, that "<ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> began
on a large scale the forgery of lives of martyrs. Relics of martyrs
were now being 'discovered' in great numbers to meet the pious
demand of ignorant <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent>, and legends were fabricated by the
thousands to authenticate the spurious bits of bone." (LBB. 1130,
p. 40.) "Such," says CE., "are the 'Martyrium S. <ent type='ORG'>Polycarpi</ent>,'
admitting, though it does, much that may be due to the pious fancy
of the eye-witness"; also "the '<ent type='ORG'>Acta</ent> SS. <ent type='NORP'>Perpetuae</ent> et Felicitas.'"</p>

<p> The <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>-mill of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> began operations very early, or
reached for grist far back into antiquity for the beginnings of its
Calendar of <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>. The first <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> who greets us among the
countless hordes of canonized Holy Ones is no less a primitive
personage that St. <ent type='PERSON'>Abel</ent>, the younger son and second heir of our
mythical Father Adam, of <ent type='LOC'>Eden</ent>, who was canonized by <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>
himself, we are told, "as the first of a long line of prophets
martyred for justice's sake," as is the clerical interpretation of
Matt. xxiii, 34-35, "That upon you may come all the righteous blood
shed upon the <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent>, from the blood of <ent type='PERSON'>Abel</ent> unto the blood of
<ent type='PERSON'>Zacharias</ent>," -- a bloody invocation in later centuries peculiarly
appropriate to the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>. This is a genuine
surprise, for no miracles wrought by St. <ent type='PERSON'>Abel</ent> are recorded, and no
generous canonization fees seem to have been paid for his account
into the <ent type='ORG'>Treasury</ent> of the Lord in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>.</p>

<p> OLD <ent type='NORP'>PAGAN</ent> STUFF</p>

<p> Many of the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> gods were converted into <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>,
and seem to have brought over with them the special curative or
prophylactic attributes for which they were invoked as specifics.
Indeed, the whole system was purely <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>: "Cures, apparitions,
prophecies, visions, transfigurations, stigmata, pleasant odor,
incorruption -- all these phenomena were also known to antiquity.
Ancient <ent type='GPE'>Greece</ent> exhibits stone monuments and inscriptions which bear
witness to cures and apparitions in ancient mythology. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory
tells of <ent type='ORG'>Aristeas</ent> of Proconnessus, Hermotimus of Claxomenae,
Epimenides of <ent type='GPE'>Crete</ent>, that they were ascetics and thereby became
ecstatic, even to the degree of the soul leaving the body,
remaining far removed from it, and being able to appear in other
places." (CE. ix, 129.) The pious plan of temporal salvation in the
Ages of Faith is thus historically vouched: "The whole social life
of the <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> world before the Reformation was animated with the
idea of protection from the citizens of heaven. There were patrons
or protectors in various forms of </p>

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<p>illness, as for instance: St. Agatha, diseases of the breast;
<ent type='PERSON'>Apollonia</ent>, toothache; Blaise, sore throat; <ent type='PERSON'>Clare</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Lucy</ent>, eyes;
Benedict, against poison; <ent type='PERSON'>Hubert</ent>, against bites of dogs." (CE. xi,
566.) "<ent type='GPE'>Catania</ent> honours St. Agatha as her patron saint, and
throughout the region around Mt. <ent type='ORG'>AEtna</ent> she is invoked against the
eruptions of the volcano, as elsewhere against fire and lightning."
(i, 204.)</p>

<p> To the infamous sanctified fable of St. Hugh are imputed
sundry unholy accusations and persecutions against the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>, --
(here only repeated because they are falsely affirmed in the
inspired Bull of Canonization. A <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> child was lyingly
alleged to have been crucified by the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>; the <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent> refused to
receive its body, and it was thrown into a well, where it was found
with the marks of crucifixion upon it; nineteen <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent> were
infamously put to death for the fabulous crime, and ninety others
were condemned to death but released, for the sake of greed, upon
payment of large fines; "<ent type='PERSON'>Copin</ent>, the leader, stated that it was a
<ent type='NORP'>Jewish</ent> custom to crucify a boy once a year"! (CE. vii, 515);
similar infamies of falsehood are related in connection with St.
William of <ent type='GPE'>Norwich</ent>. (CE. xv, 635.)</p>

<p> Here is a monumental miracle with every assurance of verity.
"St. Winefride was a maiden of great personal charm and endowed
with rare gifts of intellect. The fame of her beauty and
accomplishments reached the ears of <ent type='ORG'>Caradoc</ent>, son of the neighboring
Prince Alen." She refused all his advances; frightened by his
threats she fled towards the church where her uncle St. Beuno was
celebrating <ent type='PERSON'>Mass</ent>. "Maddened by a disappointed passion, <ent type='ORG'>Caradoc</ent>
pursued her and, overtaking her on the slope above the site of the
present well, he drew his sword and at one blow severed her head
from the body. The head rolled down the incline and, where it
rested, there gushed forth a spring." St. Beuno, hearing of the
tragedy, left the altar, and accompanied by the parents came to the
spot where the head lay beside the spring. "Taking up the maiden's
head be carried it to where the body lay, covered both with his
cloak, and then re-entered the church to finish the Holy Sacrifice.
When <ent type='PERSON'>Mass</ent> was ended he knelt beside the Saint's body, offered up a
fervent prayer to God, and ordered the cloak which covered it to be
removed. Thereupon Winefride, as if awakening from a deep slumber,
rose up with no sign of the severing of the head except a thin
white circle round her neck. Seeing the murderer leaning on his
sword with an insolent and defiant air, St. Beuno invoked the
chastisement of heaven, and <ent type='ORG'>Caradoc</ent> fell dead on the spot, the
popular belief being that the <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent> opened and swallowed him.
Miraculously restored to life, Winefride seems to have lived in
almost perpetual ecstasy and to have had familiar converse with
God." The place where this signal miracle occurred was at the time
called "Dry Hollow," but with its miraculous spring its name was
changed to <ent type='ORG'>Holywell</ent>, and it stands there in <ent type='GPE'>Wales</ent> to this day, a
bubblingly vocal witness to the verity of this holy yarn. Born in
600, beheaded and reheaded at sweet sixteen, she died Nov. 3, 660;
"her death was <ent type='GPE'>foreshown</ent> to her in a vision by Christ Himself."
(CE. xv, 656-657.) "For more than a thousand years this Miraculous
Well has attracted numerous pilgrims; documents preserved in the
British Museum give us its history, with the </p>

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<p>earliest record of the miraculous cures effected by its waters.
These ancient cures included cases of dropsy, paralysis, gout,
melancholia, sciatica, cancer, alienation of mind, blood spitting,
etc. etc., also deliverance from evil spirits." (CE. repeats the
history of St. Winefride, or Gwenfrewi, in vii, 438.)</p>

<p> St. Wolfgang, by a unique miracle, "forced the devil to help
him build a church." -- Et id omne genus -- ad nauseam. Such is a
handful of the holy chaff of faith, purveyed by Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> to all
Believers to this day. Scores of like saint-lies are here omitted
to Save space.</p>

<p> These gross and degrading impostures by forged miracles not
only went unrebuked and unchecked by the Vicars of God; many of the
vice-Gods were among the most prolific miracle-mongers of the ages
of Faith. One of the most notorious wonder-workers and wonder-forgers of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> was no less a personage than His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>
<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> St. <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent> (590-604). He has the doubtful
distinction of being the author of four celebrated volumes of
<ent type='ORG'>Dialogi</ent>, which are a veritable thesaurus of holy wonders. From this
treasury of nature-fakery we have seen the old <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> example,
affirmed as <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> fact by <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent>, as quoted by CE., of the man
carried off by mistake by the Angel of Death, but restored to life
when the oversight was discovered. He also relates a great flood of
the <ent type='PERSON'>Tiber</ent> which threatened to destroy <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>, until a copy of His
Holiness's "<ent type='ORG'>Dialogi</ent>" was thrown into the swollen waters, which
immediately subsided, and <ent type='GPE'>the Holy City</ent> was thus saved. His
<ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> solemnly records the case of an awful belly-ache suffered
by a holy nun, which he avers was caused by her having swallowed a
devil along with a piece of lettuce which she was eating without
having taken the due precaution of making the sign of the cross
over it to scare away any lurking imps of <ent type='PERSON'>Satan</ent>; and this devil,
when commanded by a holy monk to come out of the nun, derisively
replied: "How am I to blame? I was sitting on the lettuce, and this
woman, not having made the sign of the cross, ate me along with
it!" (Dial. lib. i, c. 4.) When elected <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> in 590 the city of
<ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> was afflicted by a dreadful pestilence; the angels of the
angry God of all mercies were relentlessly flinging fiery darts
among the devout <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> populace. To conjure away the pestilence
-- due perhaps primarily to the filth of <ent type='GPE'>the Holy City</ent> and its
inhabitants -- His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> headed a monkish parade through the
stricken city, when of a sudden he saw the Archangel Michael
hovering over the great <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> mausoleum of <ent type='ORG'>Hadrian</ent>, just in the act
of sheathing his flaming sword, while three angels with him chanted
the original verses of the <ent type='PERSON'>Regina Caeli</ent>; the great <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> made the
Sign of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> and broke into Hallelujahs -- (that is, "Praise
to Yahveh," the old Hebrew war-god). In commemoration of the
wondrous event, the pious <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> built a <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> chapel, dedicated
to St. Michael, atop the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> monument, and over it erected the
colossal statue of the Archangel in the sword-sheathing act, which
stands there in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> to this day -- the Castel <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>' Angelo, in
enduring proof of the miracle and of the veracity of papal
narratives. (CE. vi, 782.) The authorship of this monkish Hymn to
the Queen of Heaven being unknown, pious invention supplied its
true history: "that St. <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent> heard the first three
lines chanted by angels on a certain <ent type='LOC'>East</ent>er </p>

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<p>morning in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> while he walked barefoot in a great religious
procession, and that the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> thereupon added the fourth line."
(C.E. xii, 719.) Such is ecclesiastical "history."</p>

<p> The literary attainments of His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> were
tempered, if not corrupted, by his holy zeal, for "in his
commentary on Job, <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> I warns the reader that he need not be
surprised to find mistakes of Latin <ent type='PERSON'>Grammar</ent>, since in dealing with
so holy a work as the Bible a writer should not stop to make sure
whether his cases and tenses are right." (<ent type='PERSON'>Robinson</ent>, The Ordeal of
Civilization, p. 62.) However, his zeal for more material things
was not thus hampered: "<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> I contrived to make his real
belief in the approaching end of the world yield the papacy about
1800 square miles of land and a revenue of about $2000000. He
used bribes, threats and all kinds of stratagems to attain his
ends." (McCabe, LBB. 1130, p. 40.)</p>

<p> His <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> I was himself one of the greatest
thaumatur-gists of the Ages of Faith: "the miracles attributed to
<ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> are very many." (CE. vi, 786.) When <ent type='PERSON'>Mohammed</ent> was forging
his inspired Book of Koran, the illuminating spirit, in the guise
of a dove, would perch on his shoulder and whisper the divine
revelations into his ear, -- a miracle which none but quite devout
<ent type='PERSON'>Mohammed</ent>ans believe. But <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> the Deacon, in his <ent type='ORG'>Vita</ent> of His
wonder-working <ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent>, records that when St. <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> was
dictating his Homilies On Ezekiel: "A veil was drawn between his
secretary and himself. As, however, the pope remained silent for
long periods at a time, the servant made a hole in the curtain and,
looking through, beheld a dove seated on Gregory's head with his
beak between his lips. When the dove withdrew its beak the holy
pontiff spoke and the secretary took down his words; but when he
became silent the secretary again applied his eye to the hole and
saw that the dove had replaced its beak between his lips." (CE. vi,
786.) No good <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> can doubt, after this proof, that their
<ent type='GPE'>Holinesses</ent> are constantly and directly inspired and guided by the
<ent type='PERSON'>Holy Ghost</ent>, as Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> assures. Wonderful as this bit of
Gregory's history is, to recommend him to lasting remembrance, "his
great claim to remembrance lies in the fact that he is the real
father of the medieval papacy." (<ent type='PERSON'>Ibid</ent>.) These qualities of the Holy
Father which we have noticed may to an extent explain some of the
eccentricities of the Medieval <ent type='ORG'>Papacy</ent>.</p>

<p> FORGED AND <ent type='ORG'>FAKED RELICS</ent></p>

<p> "Making every allowance for the errors of the most
extreme fallibility, the history of <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>ism would on this
hypothesis represent an amount of imposture probably
unequalled in the annals of the human race."
<ent type='PERSON'>Lecky</ent>, <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory of Rationalism, i, 164.</p>

<p> As loathsome an example as is to be found in the annals of
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> apologetics for fraud and imposture is this from CE.,
following a long and revolting exposition of the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> frauds
with respect to holy Relics of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>:</p>

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<p> "Still, it would be presumptuous in such cases to blame
the action of the ecclesiastical authority in permitting the
continuance of a cult which extends back into remote
antiquity. [i. e. into <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent>ism.] ...
"Supposing the relic to be spurious, NO DISHONOR IS DONE
TO <ent type='PERSON'>GOD</ent> by the continuance of an error handed down in perfect
good faith for many centuries"! (CE. xii, 387.)</p>

<p> It may well be that the holy God of the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s is immune
to dishonor by worship through lying <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> frauds; but one may
question the dishonor to the human mind wrought by the impostures
of God's Vicars and his <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, cozening men into holy faith in
lies; to say nothing of the shaming dishonor of <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> and priest,
who with utter want of good faith and common honesty created and
fostered all these degrading <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>ly cheats.</p>

<p> Before viewing some of these priestly impostures, never once
rebuked or prevented by pope or priest, but, rather, industriously
stimulated by them for purposes of perpetuating ignorance and
superstition, and of feeding their own insatiate avarice, CE. will
be invoked to give a graphic, though clerically casuistic and
apologetic review of the debauchery of morals and mind which made
possible these scandalous unholy practices of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>.</p>

<p> "Naturally it was impossible for popular enthusiasm to be
roused to so high a pitch in a matter which easily lent itself
to error, fraud, and greed for gain, without at least the
occasional occurrence of many, grave abuses. ... In the
Theodosian Code the sale of relics is forbidden (vii, ix, 17),
but numerous stories, of which it would be easy to collect a
long series, beginning with the writings of <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> St. <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent>
<ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent> and St. <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> of <ent type='ORG'>Tours</ent>, prove to us that many
unprincipled persons found a means of enriching themselves by
a sort of trade in these objects of devotion, the majority of
which no doubt were fraudulent. At the beginning of the ninth
century the exportation of the bodies of martyrs from <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> had
assumed the proportions of a regular commerce, and a certain
deacon, <ent type='PERSON'>Deusdona</ent>, acquired an unenviable notoriety in these
transactions. What was in the long run hardly less disastrous
than fraud or avarice, was the keen rivalry between religious
centers, and the eager credulity fostered by the desire to be
known as the possessor of some unusually startling relic. In
such an atmosphere of lawlessness doubtful relics came to
abound. There was always disposition to regard any human
remains accidentally discovered near a church or in the
catacombs as the body of a martyr ... the custom of making
facsimiles and imitations, a custom which persists to our own
day in the replicas of the Vatican statue of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> --
[itself a fraud] or of the Grotto of Lourdes -- all these are
causes adequate to account for the multitude of unquestionably
spurious relics with which the treasuries of great medieval
churches were crowded. ... Join to this the large license
given to the occasional unscrupulous rogue IN AN AGE NOT ONLY
UTTERLY UNCRITICAL but often curiously morbid in its realism,
and it becomes easy to understand the multiplicity and
extravagance of the entries in the relics inventories of <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>
and other countries.
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<p> "Such tests [to secure the Faithful against deception]
were applied as the historical and antiquarian science of that
day were capable of devising. Very often, however, this test
took the form of an appeal to some miraculous sanction, as in
the well known story repeated by St. Ambrose, according to
which, when doubt arose which of the three crosses discovered
by St. <ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent> was that of Christ, the healing of a sick man by
one of them dispelled all further hesitation. Nevertheless it
remains true that many of the more important ancient relics
duly exhibited for veneration in the great sanctuaries of
<ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent> or even at <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> itself must now be pronounced to
be either certainly spurious or open to grave suspicion. To
take one example of the latter class, the boards of the crib
(<ent type='ORG'>Praesaepe</ent>) a name which for more than a thousand years has
been associated, as now, with the basilica of Santa Maria
Maggiore -- can only be considered to be of doubtful
authenticity. ... Strangely enough, an inscription in <ent type='NORP'>Greek</ent>
uncials of the eighth century is found on one of the boards,
the inscription having nothing to do with the <ent type='PERSON'>Crib</ent> but being
apparently concerned with some commercial transaction. It is
hard to explain its presence on the supposition that the relic
is authentic. Similar difficulties might be urged against the
supposed 'Column of the Flagellation' venerated at <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> in the
church of <ent type='ORG'>Santa Prassede</ent>, and against many other famous
relics. ... Neither has the church ever pronounced that any
particular relic, not even that commonly venerated as the wood
of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, is authentic; but she approves of honor being
paid to those relics which with reasonable probability are
believed to be genuine, and which are invested with due
ecclesiastical sanctions." (CE. xii, 737.) Such sophistry!</p>

<p> The pettifogging sophistry of the foregoing argumentation, as
of that which follows from the same clerical source, needs no
comment. The <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of God, headed by his own Vicar General on
<ent type='LOC'>earth</ent>, divinely guided against all error in matters of faith and
morals, and which can detect the faintest taint of heresy of belief
further than the most gifted bird of rapine can scent a carcass,
can make no apology for permitting these degrading superstitions,
which it not only tolerates but actively propagates and encourages,
for the rich revenues they bring in. What a catalogue of its most
sacred mummeries is branded with the infamy of fraudulent in the
following:</p>

<p> "The worship of imaginary saints or relics, devotion
based upon false revelations, apparitions, supposed miracles,
or false notions generally, is usually excusable in the
Worshipper on the ground of ignorance and good faith; but
there is no excuse for those who use similar means to exploit
popular credulity for their own pecuniary profit. The
originators of such falsehoods are liars, deceivers, and not
rarely thieves; but a milder judgment should be pronounced on
those who, after discovering the imposture tolerate the
improper cults [!] ... The <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> devotions which are
connected with holy places, holy shrines, holy wells, famous
relics, etc., are commonly treated as superstitions by non-<ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>s. ... It must be admitted that </p>

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<p> these hallowed spots and things have occasioned many legends;
that popular credulity was in some cases the principal cause
of their celebrity; that here or there instances of fraud can
be adduced; yet, for all that, the principles which guide the
worshipper, and his good intentions, are not impaired by an
undercurrent of error as to facts. [!] Moreover ... the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>
is tolerant of 'pious beliefs' which have helped to further
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>ity Thus, alleged saints and relies are suppressed as
soon as discovered, but belief in the private revelations to
which the feast of <ent type='PERSON'>Corpus Christi</ent>, The Rosary, the Sacred
Heart, and many other devotions owe their origin is neither
commanded nor prohibited; here each man is his own judge. ...
The apparent success which so often attends a superstition can
mostly be accounted for by natural causes. When the object is
to ascertain, or to effect in a general way, one of two
possible events, the law of probabilities gives an equal
chance to success and failure, and success does more to
support than failure would do to destroy superstition." (CE.
xiv, 340, 341.) All these holy cults are thus confessed frauds
and superstitions fostered by ecclesiastic greed.</p>

<p> Let us remember that no True <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent> can be
built and consecrated without a box of dead man's bones or other
fetid human scraps and relics deposited under the holy altar of
God. The decree of <ent type='ORG'>the second council</ent> of Nice, A.D. 787, reaffirmed
by the <ent type='ORG'>Council</ent> of Trent in 1546, forbade the consecration of any
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> without a supply of relics. (CE. xii, 737.) Thus the ancient
superstition is sanctioned and its observance made mandatory; an
unceasing demand is created, and the market supply is more than
equal to the pious demand. Hence the great and valuable, and
fraudulent, traffic above confessed and clerically palliated.</p>

<p> THE "INVENTION OF THE <ent type='ORG'>CROSS</ent>," ET AL</p>

<p> "The Legend as to the discovering of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of Christ" (CE.
vii, 203). The <ent type='GPE'>Holy City</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent>, was, twice destroyed by the
<ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>s, in 70 A.D. by <ent type='ORG'>Titus</ent>, and again as the result of the
rebellion of Bar-Cochba, 132-135 A.D. The work was peculiarly
thorough,; not one stone was left upon another; the site was plowed
over as a mark of infamy, and the ground is said to have been sown
with salt so that nothing might ever grow there again: though pious
myths soon flourished exuberantly. Later a pagan city was
established on the site, named AElia Capitoline, and a great Temple
of <ent type='LOC'>Venus</ent> was erected on a suitable spot. Over two centuries later,
about 326 A.D., a great and venerated <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent> lady <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> made a
pious pilgrimage to <ent type='GPE'>the Holy City</ent>, namely, St. <ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent>, sainted
mother of the new "<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>" Emperor <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>. This is the St.
<ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent> who got her start as a <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> barmaid in a wild country
village; she fell into the graces of the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> Imperator
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantius</ent> as he marched through the country, became his mistress
by "<ent type='ORG'>concubinatus</ent>," and bore unto him who was afterwards the godly
Emperor <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>. (CE. iv, 300.) Upon the pilgrimage of the
pious Dowager-mother to <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent>, great pomp and ceremony attended
her visit, under the auspices of </p>

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<p>the good Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Macarius</ent>. By order of the Bishop and in honor of
the <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>, the Temple of <ent type='LOC'>Venus</ent> was torn down; it was
found to have been built over an empty rock grave therefore
identically the authentic sepulchre of <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>. is it true,
that this destroyed Temple of <ent type='LOC'>Venus</ent> and the inclosed <ent type='LOC'>Holy Sepulchre</ent>
were inside the walls of the City, while the Gospels inspiredly
aver that the grave was outside the walls: a trifling discrepancy
for Faith.</p>

<p> Rummaging the ruins, a vaulted underground room or cellar was
found: its wonderful contents make to pale into triviality the
lately discovered tomb-treasures of Tut-ankh-Amen. There propped
against the cellar-wall was the whole apparatus of the
Crucifiction: the three identical <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>es whereon had hung the
Christ and the two thieves; the very <ent type='ORG'>Nails</ent> wherewith they had been
fastened; the autograph trilingual Inscription set by Pilate over
the head of the Christ; the precise <ent type='ORG'>Spear</ent> which had pierced his
side; the cruel Crown of Thorns which tore his brow; the holy
Seamless Coat which he had worn and for which the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> soldiers
gambled in the hour of death (it's curious that the winner should
have left it behind); the sacred Shroud in which the dead God was.
buried. <ent type='ORG'>The Pilatic Inscription</ent> was not in situ; it had evidently
been knocked off and lay apart, a "separate piece of wood, on which
were inscribed in white letters in Hebrew, <ent type='NORP'>Greek</ent> and Latin, the
following words: 'Jesus of <ent type='GPE'>Nazareth</ent>, the King of the <ent type='NORP'>Jews</ent>,'" as
recorded by Sozomen, the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> historian. (Eccles. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>, ii, 1;
N&amp;PNF. II, p. 258.)</p>

<p> Due to its unfortunate separation from its original position,
it was for the moment impossible to distinguish the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of
Christ from those of the thieves. A miracle was vouchsafed,
however, to identify the real <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of the Christ: the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>
bowed itself down before the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>ly <ent type='ORG'>Empress</ent>; or, a sick woman --
or a sick man -- was cured upon touching the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> after
having tried the other two in vain -- according to which priestly
version is the more truthful. Sozomen (supra) says that it was "a
certain lady of rank in <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent> who was inflicted with a most
grievous and incurable disease," whose miraculous curing attested
the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>; "a dead person was also restored to life" by its
thaumaturgic touch: -- "all as predicted by the prophets and by the
<ent type='PERSON'>Sibyl</ent>." Some tinge of dubiety may be thrown upon the report of
Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Macarius</ent>, who made the wondrous discoveries first recorded
by the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> historians Socrates, about 439 A.D. (Eccles. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>. I,
xvii), and Sozomen, who wrote a little later (Eccles. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>. II, i),
by the fact that the earliest <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>orian, the very
informative and fabling Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Eusebius</ent> (d. 340), in his Life of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> (III, iii, and III, <ent type='ORG'>xxv</ent>iii), gives a very
circumstantial account of the visit of the ex-<ent type='ORG'>Empress</ent> St. <ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent> to
<ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent>, and of the erection of a <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> over the Holy
Sepulchre, but he is silent as the grave about the discovery of any
<ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of Christ or any of the other holy marvels. The notable event
is known, in <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> parlance, as "<ent type='ORG'>The Invention</ent> of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>" --
which exactly it was.</p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p> The subsequent "history" of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of Christ is a tangle of
typically clerical contradictions and impossibilities. "Very
soon after the discovery of the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, its wood was cut up
into small relics and scattered throughout <ent type='GPE'>Christendom</ent>." (CE. iv,
524.)</p>

<p> "We learn from St. Cyril of <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent> (before 350) that the
wood of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, discovered about 318, [it was in 326] was
already distributed throughout the world." (CE. xii, 736.) But
these assurances of St. Cyril and of CE. seem out of harmony with
the accredited history of the capture and asportation of the
reputed integral True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> by Chosroes (Khosru) II, King of
<ent type='GPE'>Persia</ent>, who took <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent> in 614, massacring 90000 good
<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>s, captured the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> of Christ among his booty, and
carried it off whole in triumph to <ent type='GPE'>Persia</ent>! (CE. iii, 105), -- with
results very disastrous to the Faith: "The shock which religious
men received through this dreadful event can hardly now be
realized. The imposture of <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> bore bitter fruit; the
sacred wood which had filled the world with its miracles was
detected to be a helpless counterfeit, borne off in triumph by
deriding blasphemers. All confidence in the apostolic powers of the
<ent type='LOC'>Asia</ent>tic bishops was lost; not one of them could work a wonder for
his own salvation in the dire extremity." (<ent type='ORG'>Draper</ent>, The Intellectual
Development of Europe, i, 328; <ent type='PERSON'>Gibbon</ent>, p. 451.) The truly
miraculous nature of this True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> is thus described by <ent type='ORG'>Draper</ent>:
"The wood of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> displayed a property of growth, and hence
furnished an abundant supply for the demands of pilgrims and an
unfailing source of pecuniary profit to its possessors. In the
course of subsequent years there was accumulated in the various
churches of Europe, from this particular relic, a sufficiency to
have constructed many hundred crosses." (Op. cit. i, 309.) On a
great porphyry column before the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of St. Sophia at
<ent type='GPE'>Constantinople</ent>, stood a statue of the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> god <ent type='PERSON'>Apollo</ent>; the face
was altered into the features of the Emperor <ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent>, and the
<ent type='ORG'>Nails</ent> of the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, set around like rays, were used to garnish
the crown upon his head. Another of these holy <ent type='ORG'>Nails</ent> has for
centuries adorned and consecrated the crown of the emperors of the
Holy <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent> <ent type='LOC'>Empire</ent>. The horses of a regiment of cavalry could
probably be shod with the copious supply of these Holy <ent type='ORG'>Nails</ent> now
venerated as sacred relies.</p>

<p> "It is remarkable," says CE., "that St. <ent type='PERSON'>Jerome</ent>, who expatiates
upon the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, the Title, and the <ent type='ORG'>Nails</ent>, discovered by St. <ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent>,
says nothing either of the <ent type='PERSON'>Lance</ent> or of the Crown. of Thorns, and
the silence of <ent type='PERSON'>Andreas</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Crete</ent> in the eighth century is still more
surprising." But in due time this oversight was piously repaired.
Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> of <ent type='ORG'>Tours</ent>, among other faithful <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> chroniclers,
produces the Crown of Thorns, and, as an eyewitness to it, "avers
that the thorns in the Crown still looked green, a freshness which
was miraculously renewed every day"; which episcopal assurance,
skeptically remarks CE., "does not much strengthen the historical
testimony for the authenticity of the relic." But, "in any case,
<ent type='NORP'>Justinian</ent>, who died in 565, is stated to have given a thorn to St.
<ent type='NORP'>German</ent>us, which was long preserved at <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>-Germain-des-Pres, while
the <ent type='ORG'>Empress</ent> Irene sent <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> several thorns which were
deposited by him at <ent type='GPE'>Aachen</ent>. ... In 1238 <ent type='PERSON'>Baldwin</ent> II, the Latin
Emperor of <ent type='GPE'>Constantinople</ent>, </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>anxious to obtain support for his tottering empire, offered the
Crown of Thorns to St. Louis, King of <ent type='GPE'>France</ent>. It was then actually
[in pawn] in the hands of the <ent type='NORP'>Venetians</ent> as security for a heavy
loan, but it was redeemed and conveyed to <ent type='GPE'>Paris</ent>, where St. Louis
built the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>e Chapelle for its reception." The further history
of the holy spurious relic is traced in detail; as late as 1896 "a
magnificent new reliquary of rock crystal was made for it"; but by
that time the holy relic, like a fighting-cock with his tail-feathers clawed out, was a sorry sight: "The Crown, thus preserved,
consists only of a circlet of rushes, without any trace of thorns."
A ray of light on <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> fakery is thrown by the closing comment:
"That all the reputed holy thorns of which notice has survived
cannot by any possibility be authentic will be disputed by no one;
more than 700 such relics have been enumerated"! (.CE. iv, 540,
541.)</p>

<p> As for the Holy <ent type='PERSON'>Lance</ent>, which pierced the side of the dying
God, also resurrected by pious diligence of "invention," its
devious and dubious history is thus traced by our modern
ecclesiastical mummery" monger: "A spear believed to be identical
with that which pierced our Savior's body, was venerated at
<ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent> at the close of the sixth century. The sacred relics of
the Passion fell into the bands of the pagans. Many centuries
afterwards (i.e. in 1241), the point of the <ent type='PERSON'>Lance</ent> was presented by
<ent type='PERSON'>Baldwin</ent> to St. Louis, and it was enshrined with the Crown of Thorns
in the <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>e Chapelle. Another part of the <ent type='PERSON'>Lance</ent> is preserved
under the dome of St. Peter's in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>. ... Rival lances are known
to be preserved at <ent type='GPE'>Nuremberg</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>Paris</ent>, etc. Another lance claiming to
be that which produced the wound in Christ's side is now preserved
among the imperial insignia at <ent type='GPE'>Vienna</ent>; another is preserved at
Cracow. Legend assigns the name of Longinus to the soldier who
thrust the <ent type='PERSON'>Lance</ent> into our Savior's side; according to the same
tradition, he was healed of ophtbalmia and converted by a drop of
the precious blood spurting from the wound." (viii, 773-4.)</p>

<p> There was also timely discovered, by some notable chance or
miracle, the very stairway, "consisting of twenty-eight white
marble steps, ... the stairway leading once to the Praetorium of
Pilate, hence sanctified by the footsteps of Our Lord during his
Passion," as we are assured by CE. (viii, 505.) This famous relic,
the "Holy Stairs," which somehow escaped the two destructions of
<ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent> and the ravages of time for nearly three centuries, was
"brought from <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent> to <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> about 326 by St. <ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent>, mother of
<ent type='PERSON'>Constantine</ent> <ent type='EVENT'>the Great</ent>. ... It is now before the <ent type='PERSON'>Sancta Sanctorum</ent>
(Holy of Holies) of the Lateran <ent type='ORG'>Palace</ent>. The <ent type='PERSON'>Sancta Sanctorum</ent>
receiving its name from the many precious relics preserved there,
also contains the celebrated image of Christ, 'not made with
hands,' which on certain occasions used to be carried through <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent>
in procession. ... The Holy Stairs may only be ascended on the
knees. ... Finally Pius X, on 26 February, 1908, granted a plenary
indulgence [i.e. a permanent escape from Purgatory] -- to be gained
as often as the Stairs are devoutly ascended after confession and
communion." (CE. viii, 505.) It is related that Father <ent type='PERSON'>Luther</ent> was
performing this holy penitential climb of the "<ent type='ORG'>Scala Sancta</ent>," when
suddenly the vast sham and fraud of his religion burst upon his
consciousness: the </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>Reformation was a consequence. In passing this famous "Mother of
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>es," St. <ent type='PERSON'>John Lateran</ent>, we may admire the wonderful portrait
of <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent> which adorns its sacred walls; the painting of it
was begun by Dr. St. <ent type='PERSON'>Luke</ent> himself, but being left incomplete, it
was finished by an angel.</p>

<p> ANCIENT FAKES YET ACCREDITED</p>

<p> Think not that these ancient frauds of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> have been
discarded in shame by the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> now that their fraudulent origin
and purpose are exposed to public obloquy and ridicule. In full
blaze of world attention and publicity of the Twentieth Century,
God's own Vicar vouches before the world for these tawdry
impostures, brought forth before the world to lend climax of
superstitious solemnity to his crazy Crusade of prayer and incited
pious hatred against the brave efforts of the <ent type='NORP'>Russians</ent> to undo the
fell work of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> in that unhappy land. Associated <ent type='ORG'>Press</ent>
dispatches from <ent type='GPE'>Vatican City</ent> announce: "To lend emphasis to the
protest here, celebrated relics kept at St. Peter's -- a portion of
the true cross; St. Veronica's Veil, with which Christ is said to
have wiped His face on His way to <ent type='ORG'>Calvary</ent>, and the centurion's
lance which pierced His Side -- will be displayed." (N.Y. <ent type='ORG'>Herald Tribune</ent>, March 19, 1930.) "After the ceremony those present will
receive benediction with the sacred relics." (N.Y. <ent type='LOC'>Sun</ent>, Mch. 13,
1930.) Nearby, "the stones of the pavement on which the <ent type='PERSON'>Apostles</ent>
[<ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent>] knelt in prayer and which are said to contain the
impression of their knees, are now in the wall of the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of
Santa <ent type='GPE'>France</ent>sca <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>a." (CE. xiii, 797.) Such lying vouchers are
fit setting for the crusade of unholy lies and hate against a
people which for centuries has been kept in grossest ignorance and
superstition by greedy priestcraft, now repudiated by its victims.</p>

<p> The foregoing solemn vouching for antique fakeries provoked a
deal of skeptical ridicule throughout the world, even among some of
the Faithful: so it must needs be emphasized by repetition, with
some notable other Fake Relics added for "assurance doubly sure."
So, when the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> Festival of <ent type='LOC'>East</ent>er dawned on the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> "Day of
the Venerable <ent type='LOC'>Sun</ent>," His Royal-<ent type='ORG'>Holiness</ent> came forth in the full
splendor of the <ent type='NORP'>Pagan</ent> Pontifex Maximum to celebrate the Event, and
by his Infallible presence to vouch again for the genuineness of
these holy spurious Relics. Probably he wore and ostentated in the
joy of its recovery, the celebrated "so-called <ent type='ORG'>Episcopal Ring</ent> of
St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>, rich with sapphires and diamonds," stolen from the
Vatican treasury in 1925, and recently recaptured with the thief.
(Herald-Tribune, Dec. 3, 1929.) It is possible that he sat in state
in the very <ent type='ORG'>Throne</ent> or "Chair of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent>," which the Fisherman
<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> used, as dubiously vouched by CE. under that caption. In any
event, whatever throne he used was planted immediately above the
grave where lies the headless cadaver of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> himself, for
"the skulls of Sts. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent>" were later viewed at the
Lateran, and there "shown for the adoration of the Faithful." As
announced in several <ent type='ORG'>Press</ent> dispatches, an inventory of the holy
Relies and ceremonials is here recorded. In preparation for the
Sacred Event in the Twentieth Century: "The major basilicas will
all have on display their most precious relics. ... The purported
Cradle of </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p><ent type='ORG'>Bethlehem</ent> [made out of an eighth century packing case] will be
brought forth. Those attending mass at the Lateran will be able to
view the skulls of Sts. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent>, and a bit of what is
believed [by whom, not stated] to be the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> -- [carried off
entire in 614 by the <ent type='NORP'>Persian</ent>s]; ... the reputed <ent type='PERSON'>Lance</ent> of the <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>
centurion who speared the side of Christ, and the 'Holy Veil' or
napkin offered to Christ by St. Veronica," -- who is a myth forged
from "vera icon." (A.P. dispatch, Apl. 19, 1930.) Also: "A fragment
of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent> and two Thorns from the crown of the <ent type='PERSON'>Savior</ent>. ... The
Sancta Scala (Holy Stairs), ... drew the usual Good Friday throngs
of the Faithful today. ... Processions were held inside the ancient
edifices to honor the relics, [including] what, according to
tradition, are the heads of the apostles St. <ent type='PERSON'>Peter</ent> and St. <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent> ...
shown for the adoration of the Faithful." (Herald-Tribune, Apl. 19,
1930.) Then came the consummation and solemn Infallible accrediting
of these "most precious relics": -- "<ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> Celebrates <ent type='LOC'>East</ent>er <ent type='PERSON'>Mass</ent>.
... Relics of the Passion [surrounded him], -- a reputed fragment
of the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, a piece of the <ent type='ORG'>Spear</ent> which pierced [reputedly] the
side of the <ent type='PERSON'>Savior</ent>, and the Veil of St. Veronica. ... were
displayed from the balcony above the Papal Altar." (<ent type='PERSON'>Ibid</ent>, Apl. 21,
1930.) Now at last, in Twentieth Century, "<ent type='GPE'>Roma locuta est</ent> -- causa
finita est" -- and these originally bogus frauds are genuine and
authentic Relics -- for the Faithful who may believe it.</p>

<p> Samples of the "seed of the <ent type='ORG'>Serpent</ent>" of <ent type='LOC'>Eden</ent>, the scales that
fell from the eyes of Elijah's servant, the original wicked flea,
the two dwarf mummies of <ent type='PERSON'>Bildad</ent> the Shu-hite and Ne-hi-miah, the
200 <ent type='PERSON'>Philistine</ent> trophies (foreskins) brought in by <ent type='PERSON'>David</ent> as his
marriage dot (1 Sam. xviii, 25-27), the horn of salvation, and the
instruments of Cornelius's <ent type='NORP'>Italian</ent> Band, are about the only honest-to-goodness authentic Biblical relics which seem not to be
preserved among the countless holy fake treasures of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>.
The famous juvenile pocket-inventories of <ent type='PERSON'>Tom Sawyer</ent> and
<ent type='PERSON'>Huckleberry Finn</ent>, and the monstrous fakeries of the late lamented
<ent type='PERSON'>Phineas Barnum</ent>, are paltry trivialities beside the countless and
priceless Relic-treasures of Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>, religiously guarded for
"veneration" by <ent type='ORG'>True Believers</ent> blessed by the privilege of paying
-- the more you pay the more you merit" is the maxim - to gaze in
rapt awe at, and to kiss and fondle, these ghastly and ghoulish,
false and forged, bloody scraps and baubles of perverted piosity.
The foreskin of the Child Christ miraculously preserved exists to
this day; enough of his diapers and swaddling-cloths, as of the
sanitary draperies of his Ever-Virgin Mother, are of record to
stock a modern department store. During the era of the unholy
Crusades the soldiers of Christ brought from the Holy Land
countless numbers of duly certified bottles of the Milk of the
Virgin Mother of God, and drove a thrifty business selling them to
churches and superstitious dupes through Europe.</p>

<p> Yet in existence are several portraits of the Mother of God,
"said to have been painted by St. <ent type='PERSON'>Luke</ent>; they belong to the Sixth
century." (CE. xv, 471.) "There is still preserved at <ent type='LOC'>Messina</ent> a
letter attributed to <ent type='ORG'>the Blessed Virgin</ent>, which, it is claimed, was
written by her to the <ent type='NORP'>Messenians</ent> when Our Lady heard of their
conversion by St. <ent type='PERSON'>Paul</ent>" (x, 217; cf. list of several: i, 613.) "The
Shroud of <ent type='ORG'>the Blessed Virgin</ent> is preserved in the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of </p>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom
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<p>Gethsemane." (xiv, 775.) The Holy Winding Sheet or shroud of the
Christ was formerly "exposed for veneration" at <ent type='GPE'>Troyes</ent>; but the
Bishop "declared after due inquiry that the relic was nothing but
a painting and opposed its exposition. Clement VI, by four <ent type='ORG'>Bulls</ent>
(1390), approved the exposition as lawful." After being stolen and
hawked about, this sacred relic "is now exposed and honored at
<ent type='GPE'>Turin</ent>." (xv, 67-68.) There must be something wrong about this, for
"<ent type='ORG'>The Diocese</ent> of Perigueux has a remarkable The Holy Shroud of
Christ, brought back after the first crusade. An official
investigation in 1444 asserted the authenticity of the relic." (xi,
668.) The Minster treasury of <ent type='ORG'>the Cathedral</ent> of Aix-la-Chapelle, or
<ent type='GPE'>Aachen</ent>, where <ent type='PERSON'>Charlemagne</ent> enshrined the Holy Thorns, "includes a
large number of relics, vessels, and vestments, the most important
being those known as the four 'Great Relics,' namely, the cloak of
<ent type='ORG'>the Blessed Virgin</ent>, the swaddling-clothes of the infant Jesus, the
loin-cloth worn by Our Lord on the <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>, and the cloth on which
lay the head of <ent type='PERSON'>John</ent> the <ent type='ORG'>Baptist</ent> after his beheading. They are
exposed every seven years, and venerated by thousands of <ent type='NORP'>Pilgrims</ent>
(139628 in 1874, and 158968 in 1881")!
(i, 92.)</p>

<p> Without comment we let CE. record for the faith of its
readers, several of the very notable and most remunerative Relics
treasured by Holy <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>. That they are all impossible, are all
bogus, all crude forgeries and fakes only possible of credit by the
most credulous child-minds, needs no comment. The sordid debasement
of the human mind to the degree of credulity here displayed, the
crass dishonesty of the false pretenses which give credit to these
things for purposes of extortion from silly dupes of religion, the
vastness of the grand larceny thus perpetrated in the name of God,
-- are beyond orderly comment.</p>

<p> "The possession of the seamless garment of Christ is claimed
by <ent type='ORG'>the Cathedral</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Trier</ent> and by <ent type='ORG'>the parish church</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Argenteuil</ent>;
the former claims that the relic was sent by the <ent type='ORG'>Empress</ent> St.
<ent type='ORG'>Helena</ent>, basing their claim on a document sent by <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Sylvester</ent> to
the <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>Trier</ent>, but this cannot be considered genuine. ... The
relic itself offers no reason to doubt its genuineness. <ent type='ORG'>Plenary</ent>
indulgences were granted to all pilgrims who should visit the
cathedral of <ent type='GPE'>Trier</ent> at the time of the exposition of the Holy Coat,
which was to take place every seven years." (vii, 400-1.) "The
<ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> venerates the Holy Innocents, or Martyrs, the children
massacred by <ent type='ORG'>Herod</ent>, estimated in various <ent type='EVENT'>Liturgies</ent> as 14000,
64000, 144000 boys. The <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of Paul's Outside the Walls is
believed to possess the bodies of several of the Holy Innocents. A
portion of these relics was transferred by Sixtus V to Santa Maria
Maggiore. The <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of St. Justina at <ent type='GPE'>Padua</ent>, the cathedrals of
<ent type='GPE'>Lisbon</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Milan</ent>, and other <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent>es also preserve bodies which
they claim to be those of some of the Holy Innocents. It is
impossible to determine the day or the year of the death of the
Holy Innocents, since the chronology of the birth of Christ and the
subsequent Biblical events is most uncertain"' (CE. vii, 419.)</p>

<p> In the cathedral of <ent type='GPE'>Cologne</ent> are preserved the skulls of the
Three Wise Men who followed the Star of <ent type='ORG'>Bethlehem</ent>. In the
neighboring <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of St. Gereon are distributed over the walls </p>

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<p>the bones from a whole cemetery, dug up and displayed as those of
that mythical <ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent> and his Theban Band of 10000 Martyrs; in
fitting competition are the spoils of the neighboring graveyard,
yielding the bones of St. Ursula and her 11000 <ent type='PERSON'>Virgin Martyrs</ent>. The
miraculous bones of <ent type='GPE'>Santa Rosalia</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Palermo</ent> are the bones of a
deceased goat!</p>

<p> "The city of <ent type='LOC'>Tarascon</ent> has for its patron, St. <ent type='PERSON'>Martha</ent>, who,
according to the legend, delivered the country from a monster
called '<ent type='ORG'>Tarasque</ent>.' The <ent type='ORG'>Church</ent> of '<ent type='PERSON'>Saint</ent>es Marias de la Mer'
contains three venerated tombs; according to a tradition which is
attached to the legends concerning the emigration of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Lazarus</ent>,
St. <ent type='PERSON'>Martha</ent>, St. <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent> Magdalene, and St. <ent type='PERSON'>Maximus</ent>, these tombs
contain the bodies of the three <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent>s of the Gospels." (CE. i,
238.)</p>

<p> The Abbot <ent type='PERSON'>Martin</ent> obtained for his monastery in <ent type='GPE'>Alsace</ent> the
following inestimable articles: A spot of the blood of our <ent type='PERSON'>Savior</ent>;
a piece of the True <ent type='ORG'>Cross</ent>; the arm of the Apostle <ent type='PERSON'>James</ent>; part of
the skeleton of <ent type='PERSON'>John</ent> the <ent type='ORG'>Baptist</ent>; a bottle of the Milk of the
Mother of God. (<ent type='ORG'>Draper</ent>, The Intellectual Development of Europe, ii,
57.) But perhaps none of these impostures surpassed in audacity
that offered by a monastery in <ent type='GPE'>Jerusalem</ent>, which presented to the
beholder ONE OF THE FINGERS OF THE HOLY GHOST! (<ent type='ORG'>Draper</ent>, Conflict
between Science and Religion, p. 270.) Also there were displayed
sundry choice collections of the wing and tail feathers of the said
<ent type='PERSON'>Holy Ghost</ent>, from time to time shed off or pulled out when, in the
disguise of a <ent type='ORG'>Dove</ent>, It (or He or She) came down and perched on
people. In <ent type='GPE'>England</ent> at the time of <ent type='PERSON'>Henry VIII</ent> (1501), Our Lady's
girdle was shown in not less than eleven places, and Our Lady's
milk, in a condensed form, in eight places. One of these girdles
the good Queen-mother procured for <ent type='PERSON'>Catherine</ent> of <ent type='PERSON'>Aragon</ent>, on her
marriage with <ent type='PERSON'>Henry</ent>, to present to her when the expected time
should come. During the plague of 1531, <ent type='PERSON'>Henry VIII</ent>, for a goodly
price, bought some precious relic waters to avert the plague from
himself: a tear which Our Lord shed over <ent type='PERSON'>Lazarus</ent>, preserved by an
angel who gave it in a phial to <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent> Magdalene; and a phial of the
sweat of St. Michael when he contended with <ent type='PERSON'>Satan</ent>, as recorded in
the Book of Enoch and vouched for in the sacred Book of Jude.
(Hackett, <ent type='PERSON'>Henry VIII</ent>, pp. 11, 234.) The Cathedral of <ent type='GPE'>Arras</ent>, in
<ent type='GPE'>France</ent>, possesses some highly venerated and remarkable relies, to
wit, some of the Holy Manna which fell from Heaven in the year 371
during a severe famine; and the identical Holy Candle, a wax taper,
which was presented by <ent type='ORG'>the Blessed Virgin</ent> to Bishop <ent type='PERSON'>Lambert</ent>, in
1105, to stop an epidemic. (CE. i, 752.) This same waxen Holy
Candle has burned continuously from 1105 to at least 1713 without
being to the slightest degree diminished, as his view of it was
then reported by <ent type='PERSON'>Anthony Collins</ent>, in his Discourse of Free
Thinking; he expresses the doubt whether the attendant clergy would
permit a careful scrutiny to be made of the phenomenon.</p>

<p> A final job lot of these holy fetishes as recorded by Dr.
McCabe with some pertinent comments, may be admired: "At <ent type='PERSON'>Laon</ent> the
chief treasures shown to the public were some milk and hair of the
Virgin <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent>. This was Laon's set-off to the rival attraction at
<ent type='PERSON'>Soissons</ent>, a neighboring town, which had secured one of the </p>

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<p>milk-teeth shed by the infant Jesus. There seems to have been
enough of the milk of the Virgin -- some of it was still exhibited
in <ent type='NORP'>Spanish</ent> churches in the nine-teenth century -- preserved in
Europe to feed a few calves. There was hair enough to make a
mattress. There were sufficient pieces of 'the true cross' to make
a boat. There were teeth of Christ enough to outfit a dentist (one
monastery, at <ent type='ORG'>Charroux</ent>, had the complete set). There were so many
sets of baby-linen of the infant Jesus, in <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent>, <ent type='GPE'>France</ent> and <ent type='GPE'>Spain</ent>,
that one could have opened a shop with them. One of the greatest
churches in <ent type='GPE'>Rome</ent> had Christ's manger-cradle. Seven churches had his
authentic umbilical cord, and a number of churches had his foreskin
(removed at circumcision and kept as a souvenir by <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent>). One
church had the miraculous imprint of his little bottom on a stone
on which he had sat. <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent> herself had left enough wedding rings,
shoes, stockings, shirts, girdles, etc. to fill a museum; one of
her shifts is still in the Chartres cathedral. One church had
Aaron's rod. Six churches had the six heads cut off <ent type='PERSON'>John</ent> the
<ent type='ORG'>Baptist</ent>. ... Every one of these things was, remember, in its
origin, a cynical blasphemous swindle. Each of these objects was at
first launched upon the world with deliberate mendacity. ... One is
almost disposed to ask for an application to the clergy of the law
about obtaining money under false pretenses." (McCabe, The Story of
Religious Controversy, p. 353.)</p>

<p> HOLY <ent type='ORG'>OILS</ent>, WATERS, AND FETISHES</p>

<p> These sacred and sanctified wonder-working objects are too
numerous to more than mention a few of the most celebrated.
Miraculous "waters" were in great profusion distilled or in some
weird way extracted from numbers of dead <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>, "blessed" for a
variety of purposes, and vended under the names of the productive
<ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>; as "<ent type='ORG'>The Water</ent> of St. Ignatius," of Sts. Adelhaid, Vincent
Ferrer, <ent type='ORG'>Willibrord</ent>, etc. That of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Hubert</ent> was notably a specific
for the bite of mad dogs. The formula for these holy extracts or
emulsions, with their properties and miraculous effects, are set
forth in the official "Rituale <ent type='NORP'>Roman</ent>um." (CE. xv, 564.) The widely
celebrated "Oil of <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>" was in immense vogue and possessed
wonderful properties, as vouched by CE. under that title. This holy
unction was "an oily substance which is said to have flowed, or
still flows, from the relics or burial places of certain saints,
and water which has in some way come in contact with their relics.
These oils are or have been used by the faithful, with the belief
that they will cure bodily and spiritual ailments the custom
prevailed of pouring oil over the relics or reliquaries of martyrs
and then gathering it in vases, sponges or pieces of cloth. This
oil, oleum <ent type='PERSON'>martyris</ent>, was distributed among the faithful as a remedy
against sickness. ... At present the most famous of the oils of
saints is the oil of St. Walburga (<ent type='GPE'>Walburgis</ent> oleum). It flows from
the stone slab and the surrounding metal plate on which rest the
relies of St. Walburga in her church in <ent type='GPE'>Eichstadt</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Bavaria</ent>. The
fluid is caught in a silver cup and is distributed to the faithful
for use against diseases of the body and soul. Similarly of <ent type='ORG'>the Oil</ent>
of St. Menas, of which thousands of little flasks have recently
been discovered, found at many Places in Europe and <ent type='LOC'>Africa</ent>; there
is also a like Oil of St. <ent type='PERSON'>Nicholas</ent> of <ent type='PERSON'>Myra</ent>, which emanates from his</p>

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<p>relics at <ent type='GPE'>Bari</ent> in <ent type='GPE'>Italy</ent>, whither they were brought in 1087. A
certain substance like flour, is recorded by St. <ent type='PERSON'>Gregory</ent> of <ent type='ORG'>Tours</ent>,
to emanate from the sepulchre of St. <ent type='PERSON'>John</ent> the <ent type='NORP'>Evangelist</ent>; also that
from the sepulchre of the Apostle St. Andrew emanated manna in the
form of flour and fragrant oil." A list half a column long is given
of other saints from whose relics or sepulchres oil is said to have
flowed. (CE. xi, 228-9.)</p>

<p> THE AGNUS <ent type='ORG'>DEI</ent></p>

<p> "These are discs of wax impressed with the figure of a lamb;
and blessed at stated seasons by the <ent type='PERSON'>Pope</ent>. The rule still followed
is that the great consecration of the Agnus Dei takes place only in
the first year of each pontificate and every seventh year
afterwards. It seems probable that they had their beginning in some
pagan usage of charms or amulets, from which the ruder populace
were weaned by the employment of this <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> substitute [charm
or amulet] blessed by prayer. The early history of <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>
ceremonial af<ent type='ORG'>ford</ent>s numerous parallels for this <ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent>izing of
pagan rites. ... So the purpose of these consecrated medallions is
to protect those who wear or possess them from all malign
influences. In the prayers of blessing, special mention is made of
the perils from storm and pestilence, from fire and flood, and also
of the dangers to which women are exposed in childbirth. Miraculous
effects have been believed to follow the use of these objects of
piety. Fires are said to have been. extinguished, and floods
stayed. They were much subject to counterfeit, the making of which
has been strictly prohibited by various papal bulls," -- (this
proving the obtaining of money by false pretenses in the papal.
monopoly of peddling them to the moron Faithful). "There are also
<ent type='PERSON'>Agnus Deis</ent> made from wax mingled with the dust which is, believed
to be that of the bones of martyrs; these are called Paste de' SS.
Martiri, or Martyrs' Paste." (CE. i, 220.) The peddling of these
frauds has not yet been forbidden by the criminal code, nor by the
Vicars of God who gain by them. Three pages of a separate article,
are devoted to the potent prayers in <ent type='EVENT'>Liturgies</ent>, several in doggerel
Latin verse, on pages 221-223. One of these inspired Papal
invocations over the sacred amulets is quoted by Dr. White:</p>

<p> "O God, ... we humbly beseech thee that thou wilt bless
these waxen forms, figured with the image of an innocent lamb,
.... that, at the touch and sight of them, the faithful shall
break forth into praises, and that the crash of hailstorms,
the blast of hurricanes, the violence of tempests, the fury of
winds, and the malice of thunderbolts may be tempered, and
evil spirits flee and tremble before the standard of the holy
cross, which is graven upon them." (White, Warfare between
Science and Religion. i, 343.)</p>

<p> The recurrence in modern times of the above recited
catastrophes raised by imps of the devil, not unseldom doing damage
even to the Faithful and to their sacred edifices, must be due to
the punible neglect to have a supply of these thaumaturgic crackers
on hand at the time and place of the flagellations of the Evil One.</p>

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<p> THE TRAGEDY OF THE "MYSTICAL MARRIAGE"</p>

<p> What to a Rationalist may seem a very inhuman superstition --
though often attenuated by the clerical formula "With all my
worldly goods I thee endow," pronounced to his <ent type='LOC'>earth</ent>ly vicar by the
happy "Bride of <ent type='PERSON'>Jesus Christ</ent>," is the unctuously so-called Mystical
Marriage, the nuptial ceremony whereby a deluded female enters into
the joys of her Lord without actually sharing them. This holy
mummery is thus described by the oft-cited Exponent of <ent type='NORP'>Catholic</ent>
Truth:</p>

<p> "<ent type='NORP'>Christian</ent> virginity has been considered from the
earliest centuries as a special offering made by the soul to
its spouse, Christ. ... In many of the lives of the <ent type='ORG'>Saints</ent>,
the mystical marriage consists of a vision in which Christ
tells a soul that He takes it for His bride, presenting it
with the customary ring, and the apparition is accompanied by
a ceremony; <ent type='ORG'>the Blessed Virgin</ent> <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent>, saints and angels are
present. ... Moreover, as a wife should share in the life of
her husband, and as Christ suffered for the redemption of
mankind, the mystical bride enters into a more intimate
participation of His sufferings, -- [casus omissus being the
sharing of the nuptial joys also involved in the notion of
marriage]. Accordingly, in three cases out of four, the
mystical marriage has been granted to stigmatics. <ent type='ORG'>Hist</ent>ory
[priest-written, of course] has recorded seventy-seven
mystical marriages, in connection with female saints, blesseds
and venerables"; -- a number of whom are named, including,
appropriately, St. <ent type='PERSON'>Mary</ent> Magdalene dei Pazza -- "of the Crazy
Ones" -- as were they all. (CE. ix, 703.)</p>

<div> **** ****</div>

<p> <ent type='ORG'>Reproducible Electronic Publishing</ent> can defeat censorship.</p>

<p> <ent type='GPE'>The UNITED STATES</ent> of <ent type='GPE'>America</ent>
must again become
The Free Market-Place of Ideas.</p>

<p> The <ent type='ORG'>Bank</ent> of Wisdom is always looking for more of these old,
hidden, suppressed and forgotten books that contain needed facts
and information for today. If you have such books please contact
us, we need to give them back to <ent type='GPE'>America</ent>.</p>

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<p> You are reading
FORGERY IN <ent type='NORP'>CHRISTIANITY</ent>
by
<ent type='PERSON'>Joseph</ent> Wheliss</p>

<p> 1930</p>

<div> **** ****</div>

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</p></xml>