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<h1 id="title-index">cotd9311</h1>
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<div id="conspiracy">
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<p>Subject: Conspiracy for the Day -- November 3, 1993
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From: bfrg9732@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Brian F. Redman)
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Date: 3 Nov 1993 00:02:07 GMT</p>
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<p> Conspiracy for the Day -- November 3, 1993
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=============================================
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("Quid coniuratio est?")</p>
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<p>The Search for the "Manchurian Candidate":
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The <span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span> and Mind Control
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by John Marks
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[Excerpts]</p>
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<p>By the 1950s, most "Americans knew something about the famous
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trial of the Hungarian Josef Cardinal Mindszenty, at which the
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Cardinal appeared zombielike, as though drugged or hypnotized.
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Other defendants at Soviet 'show trials' had displayed similar
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symptoms as they recited unbelievable confessions in dull,
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cliche-ridden monotones. Americans were familiar with the idea
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that the communists had ways to control hapless people, and [the
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term 'brainwashing'] helped pull together the unsettling evidence
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into one sharp fear."</p>
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<p>Many Americans "saw the confessions as proof that the communists
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now had techniques 'to put a man's mind in a fog so that he will
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mistake what is true for what is untrue, what is right for what
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is wrong, and come to believe what did not happen actually had
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happened, until he ultimately becomes a robot.'"</p>
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<p>"Given the incontrovertible evidence that the <span class="NORP" title="NORP">Russians</span> and the
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Chinese could, in a very short time and often under difficult
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circumstances, alter the basic belief and behavior patterns of
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both domestic and foreign captives, [it was argued that] there
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must be a technique involved that would yield its secrets under
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objective investigation."</p>
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<p>Harold Wolff and Lawrence Hinkle "became the chief brainwashing
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studiers for the U.S. government... Their secret report to [<span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span>
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chief] Allen Dulles, later published in a declassified version,
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was considered the definitive U.S. Government work on the
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subject."</p>
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<p>"The <span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span> built up its own elaborate brainwashing program
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[which]... took its own special twist from our national
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character. It was a tiny replica of the Manhattan Project,
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grounded in the conviction that the keys to brainwashing lay in
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technology. Agency officials hoped to use old-fashioned American
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know-how to produce shortcuts and scientific breakthroughs... The
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Agency's brainwashing experts gravitated to people more in the
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mold of the brilliant -- and sometimes mad -- scientist."</p>
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<p>
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<span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span> officials began to look for scientists and guinea pigs. "Some
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of their experiments would wander so far across the ethical
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borders of experimental psychiatry (which are hazy in their own
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right) that Agency officials thought it prudent to have much of
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the work done outside the United States."</p>
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<p>
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<span class="GPE" title="GPE">Montreal</span> hospital. One of Cameron's projects was an attempt to
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"depattern" experimental subjects. "Cameron defined
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'depatterning' as breaking up existing patterns of behavior... by
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means of particularly intensive electroshocks, usually combined
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with prolonged, drug-induced sleep... Cameron claimed he could
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generate 'differential amnesia.' Creating such a state in which a
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man who knew too much could be made to forget had long been a
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prime objective [of <span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span>] programs."</p>
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<p>Cameron's depatterning "normally started with 15 to 30 days of
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'sleep therapy.' As the name implies, the patient slept almost
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the whole day and night. According to a doctor at the hospital
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who used to administer what he calls the 'sleep cocktail,' a
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staff member woke up the patient three times a day for medication
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that consisted of a combination of 100 mg. Thorazine, 100 mg.
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Nembutal, 100 mg. Seconal, 150 mg. Veronal, and 10 mg. Phenergan.
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Another staff doctor would also awaken the patient two or
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sometimes three times daily for electroshock treatments... In
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standard, professional electroshock, doctors gave the subject a
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single dose of 110 volts, lasting a fraction of a second, once a
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day or every other day. By contrast, Cameron used a form 20 to 40
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times more intense, two or three times daily, with the power
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turned up to 150 volts."</p>
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<p>"The frequent screams of patients that echoed through the
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hospital did not deter Cameron or most of his associates in their
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attempts to 'depattern' their subjects completely. Other hospital
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patients report being petrified by the 'sleep rooms,' where the
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treatment took place, and they would usually creep down the
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opposite side of the hall."</p>
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<p>"The Agency sent the psychiatrist research money to take the
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treatment *beyond this point*. Agency officials wanted to know
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if, once Cameron had produced a blank mind, he could then program
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in new patterns of behavior, as he claimed he could. As early as
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1953 -- the year he headed the American Psychiatric Association
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-- Cameron conceived a technique he called 'psychic driving,' by
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which he would bombard the subject with repeated verbal
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messages."</p>
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<p>The <span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span> continued to fund Cameron's research. Then, in 1964, he
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retired abruptly. "His successor, Dr. Robert Cleghorn, made a
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virtually unprecedented move in the academic world of mutual
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back-scratching and praise. He commissioned a psychiatrist and a
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psychologist, unconnected to Cameron, to study his electroshock
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work."</p>
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<p>"The study-team members couched their report in densely academic
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jargon, but one of them speaks more clearly now. He talks
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bitterly of one of Cameron's former patients who needs to keep a
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list of her simplest household chores to remember how to do
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them... He continues, 'I probably shouldn't talk about this, but
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Cameron -- for him to do what he did -- he was a very
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schizophrenic guy, who totally detached himself from the human
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implications of his work... God, we talk about concentration
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camps. I don't want to make this comparison, but God, you talk
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about ''we didn't know it was happening,'' and it was -- right in
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our back yard.'"</p>
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<p>"It cannot be said how many -- if any -- other Agency</p>
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<p>Details are scarce, since many of the principal witnesses have
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died, will not talk about what went on, or lie about it. In what
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ways the <span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span> applied work like Cameron's is not known. What is
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known, however, is that the intelligence community, including the
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<span class="ORG" title="ORG">CIA</span>, changed the face of the scientific community during the
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1950s and early 1960s by its interest in such experiments."</p>
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<p>-!---------------------------------------------------------------
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Today's conspiracy brought to you by.......
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Brian Francis Redman
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.....................
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: Aperi os tuum muto, :
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: et causis omnium filiorum qui pertranseunt. :
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: Aperi os tuum, decerne quod justum est, :
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: et judica inopem et pauperem. :
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: -- Liber Proverbiorum XXXI: 8-9 :
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:...................:
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(bfrg9732@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu) (72567.3145@compuserve.com)
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</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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