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34
README.md
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@ -88,15 +88,24 @@ disabled.
* IOMMU is enabled to prevent DMA attacks.
### Blacklisted kernel modules
### Disables and blacklists kernel modules
Certain kernel modules are blacklisted to reduce attack surface via the
Certain kernel modules are disabled and blacklisted by default to reduce attack surface via the
`/etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf` configuration file.
* Deactivates Netfilter's connection tracking helper - this module
increases kernel attack surface by enabling superfluous functionality
such as IRC parsing in the kernel. Hence, this feature is disabled.
* Bluetooth is disabled to reduce attack surface. Bluetooth has
a lengthy history of security concerns.
* Thunderbolt and numerous FireWire kernel modules are also disabled as they are
often vulnerable to DMA attacks.
* The MSR kernel module is disabled to prevent CPU MSRs from being
abused to write to arbitrary memory.
* Uncommon network protocols are blacklisted. This includes:
DCCP - Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
@ -137,23 +146,16 @@ such as IRC parsing in the kernel. Hence, this feature is disabled.
ATM
* Bluetooth is also blacklisted to reduce attack surface. Bluetooth has
a history of security concerns.
* The Thunderbolt and FireWire kernel modules are blacklisted as they are
often vulnerable to DMA attacks.
* The vivid kernel module is only required for testing and has been the cause
of multiple vulnerabilities so it is blacklisted.
* The MSR kernel module is blacklisted to prevent CPU MSRs from being
abused to write to arbitrary memory.
* Disables a large array of uncommon file systems and network file systems that reduces the attack surface especially against legacy approaches.
* Provides some blocking of the interface between the [Intel Management Engine (ME)](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/driver-api/mei/mei.html) and the OS.
* The vivid kernel module is only required for testing and has been the cause
of multiple vulnerabilities so it is disabled.
* Not enabled by default yet, comment only: Disables the use of CD-ROM devices by default.
* Provides some disabling of the interface between the [Intel Management Engine (ME)](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/driver-api/mei/mei.html) and the OS.
* Incorporates much of [Ubuntu's](https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kmod/tree/debian/modprobe.d?h=ubuntu/disco) default blacklist of modules to be blocked from automatically loading. However, they are still permitted to load.
* Blocks automatic loading of the modules needed to use of CD-ROM devices by default. Not completely disabled yet.
### Other

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-bluetooth Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This bluetooth kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-cdrom Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This CD-ROM kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This file system kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This firewire kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-intelme Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This Intel Management Engine (ME) kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-msr Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This CPU MSR kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This network file system kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This network protocol kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-thunderbolt Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This thunderbolt kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

10
bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-vivid Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
## Alerts the user that a kernel module failed to load due to it being blacklisted by default.
echo "$0: ERROR: This vivid kernel module is disabled by package security-misc by default. See the configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf | args: $@" >&2
exit 1

209
etc/modprobe.d/30_security-misc.conf
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@ -1,92 +1,145 @@
## Copyright (C) 2012 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
# See the following links for a community discussion and overview regarding the selections
# https://forums.whonix.org/t/blacklist-more-kernel-modules-to-reduce-attack-surface/7989
# https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/guides/linux-hardening.html#kasr-kernel-modules
## See the following links for a community discussion and overview regarding the selections
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/blacklist-more-kernel-modules-to-reduce-attack-surface/7989
## https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/guides/linux-hardening.html#kasr-kernel-modules
# Blacklist automatic conntrack helper assignment
# https://phabricator.whonix.org/T486
## Disable automatic conntrack helper assignment
## https://phabricator.whonix.org/T486
options nf_conntrack nf_conntrack_helper=0
# Blacklist bluetooth to reduce attack surface due to extended history of security vulnerabilities
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetooth#History_of_security_concerns
install bluetooth /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install btusb /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disable bluetooth to reduce attack surface due to extended history of security vulnerabilities
## https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetooth#History_of_security_concerns
install bluetooth /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-bluetooth
install btusb /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-bluetooth
# Blacklist thunderbolt and firewire modules to prevent some DMA attacks
install thunderbolt /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install firewire-core /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install firewire_core /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install firewire-ohci /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install firewire_ohci /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install ohci1394 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install sbp2 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install dv1394 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install raw1394 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install video1394 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install firewire-sbp2 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disable thunderbolt and firewire modules to prevent some DMA attacks
install thunderbolt /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-thunderbolt
install firewire-core /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install firewire_core /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install firewire-ohci /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install firewire_ohci /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install firewire_sbp2 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install firewire-sbp2 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install ohci1394 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install sbp2 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install dv1394 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install raw1394 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
install video1394 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-firewire
# Blacklist CPU MSRs as they can be abused to write to arbitrary memory.
install msr /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disable CPU MSRs as they can be abused to write to arbitrary memory.
## https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/119712/methods-root-can-use-to-elevate-itself-to-kernel-mode
install msr /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-msr
# Blacklists unneeded network protocols that will likely not be used as these may have unknown vulnerabilties.
#
# Credit to Tails (https://tails.boum.org/blueprint/blacklist_modules/) for some of these.
#
# > Debian ships a long list of modules for wide support of devices, filesystems, protocols. Some of these modules have a pretty bad security track record, and some of those are simply not used by most of our users.
#
# > Other distributions like Ubuntu[1] and Fedora[2] already ship a blacklist for various network protocols which aren't much in use by users and have a poor security track record.
#
install dccp /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install sctp /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install rds /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install tipc /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install n-hdlc /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install ax25 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install netrom /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install x25 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install rose /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install decnet /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install econet /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install af_802154 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install ipx /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install appletalk /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install psnap /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install p8023 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install p8022 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install can /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install atm /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disables unneeded network protocols that will likely not be used as these may have unknown vulnerabilties.
## Credit to Tails (https://tails.boum.org/blueprint/blacklist_modules/) for some of these.
## > Debian ships a long list of modules for wide support of devices, filesystems, protocols. Some of these modules have a pretty bad security track record, and some of those are simply not used by most of our users.
## > Other distributions like Ubuntu[1] and Fedora[2] already ship a blacklist for various network protocols which aren't much in use by users and have a poor security track record.
install dccp /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install sctp /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install rds /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install tipc /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install n-hdlc /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install ax25 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install netrom /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install x25 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install rose /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install decnet /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install econet /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install af_802154 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install ipx /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install appletalk /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install psnap /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install p8023 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install p8022 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install can /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
install atm /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-network
# Blacklist uncommon file systems to reduce attack surface
install cramfs /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install freevxfs /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install jffs2 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install hfs /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install hfsplus /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install udf /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disable uncommon file systems to reduce attack surface
install cramfs /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys
install freevxfs /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys
install jffs2 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys
install hfs /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys
install hfsplus /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys
install udf /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-filesys
# Blacklist uncommon network file systems to reduce attack surface
install cifs /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install nfs /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install nfsv3 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install nfsv4 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install ksmbd /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install gfs2 /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disable uncommon network file systems to reduce attack surface
install cifs /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys
install nfs /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys
install nfsv3 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys
install nfsv4 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys
install ksmbd /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys
install gfs2 /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-netfilesys
# Blacklists the vivid kernel module as it's only required for testing and has been the cause of multiple vulnerabilities
# https://forums.whonix.org/t/kernel-recompilation-for-better-hardening/7598/233
# https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/11/02/1
# https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/commit/981bd163fa19fccbc5ce5d4182e639d67e484475
install vivid /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disables the vivid kernel module as it's only required for testing and has been the cause of multiple vulnerabilities
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/kernel-recompilation-for-better-hardening/7598/233
## https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/11/02/1
## https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/commit/981bd163fa19fccbc5ce5d4182e639d67e484475
install vivid /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-vivid
# Blacklist Intel Management Engine (ME) interface with the OS
# https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/driver-api/mei/mei.html
install mei /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
install mei-me /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Disable Intel Management Engine (ME) interface with the OS
## https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/driver-api/mei/mei.html
install mei /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-intelme
install mei-me /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-intelme
# Blacklist CD-ROM devices
# https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11506
# https://forums.whonix.org/t/blacklist-more-kernel-modules-to-reduce-attack-surface/7989/31
#install cdrom /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
#install sr_mod /bin/disabled-by-security-misc
## Blacklist automatic loading of the Atheros 5K RF MACs madwifi driver
## https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kmod/tree/debian/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf?h=ubuntu/disco
blacklist ath_pci
## Blacklist automatic loading of miscellaneous modules
## https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kmod/tree/debian/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf?h=ubuntu/disco
blacklist evbug
blacklist usbmouse
blacklist usbkbd
blacklist eepro100
blacklist de4x5
blacklist eth1394
blacklist snd_intel8x0m
blacklist snd_aw2
blacklist prism54
blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist garmin_gps
blacklist asus_acpi
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr
blacklist amd76x_edac
## Blacklist automatic loading of framebuffer drivers
## https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kmod/tree/debian/modprobe.d/blacklist-framebuffer.conf?h=ubuntu/disco
blacklist aty128fb
blacklist atyfb
#blacklist radeonfb
blacklist cirrusfb
blacklist cyber2000fb
blacklist cyblafb
blacklist gx1fb
blacklist hgafb
blacklist i810fb
#blacklist intelfb
blacklist kyrofb
blacklist lxfb
blacklist matroxfb_bases
blacklist neofb
#blacklist nvidiafb
blacklist pm2fb
blacklist rivafb
blacklist s1d13xxxfb
blacklist savagefb
blacklist sisfb
blacklist sstfb
blacklist tdfxfb
blacklist tridentfb
#blacklist vesafb
blacklist vfb
blacklist viafb
blacklist vt8623fb
blacklist udlfb
## Disable CD-ROM devices
## https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11506
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/blacklist-more-kernel-modules-to-reduce-attack-surface/7989/31
#install cdrom /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-cdrom
#install sr_mod /bin/disabled-module-by-security-misc/block-cdrom
blacklist cdrom
blacklist sr_mod