security-misc/usr/bin/permission-hardener

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#!/bin/bash
## Copyright (C) 2012 - 2024 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP <adrelanos@whonix.org>
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## See the file COPYING for copying conditions.
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## https://forums.whonix.org/t/disable-suid-binaries/7706
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## https://forums.whonix.org/t/re-mount-home-and-other-with-noexec-and-nosuid-among-other-useful-mount-options-for-better-security/7707
set -o errexit -o nounset -o pipefail
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exit_code=0
store_dir="/var/lib/permission-hardener"
dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode="--admindir ${store_dir}/existing_mode"
dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode="--admindir ${store_dir}/new_mode"
delimiter="#permission-hardener-delimiter#"
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# shellcheck disable=SC2034
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log_level=notice
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# shellcheck disable=SC1091
source /usr/libexec/helper-scripts/log_run_die.sh
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echo_wrapper_ignore() {
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if test "${1}" = "verbose"; then
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shift
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log notice "Run: $*"
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else
shift
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fi
"$@" 2>/dev/null || true
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}
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echo_wrapper_audit() {
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if test "${1}" = "verbose"; then
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shift
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log notice "Run: $*"
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else
shift
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fi
return_code=0
"$@" ||
{
return_code="$?"
exit_code=203
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log error "Command '$*' failed with exit code '${return_code}'! calling function name: '${FUNCNAME[1]}'" >&2
}
}
make_store_dir(){
mkdir --parents "${store_dir}/private"
mkdir --parents "${store_dir}/existing_mode"
mkdir --parents "${store_dir}/new_mode"
}
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## Some tools may fail on newlines and even variable assignment to array may
## fail if a variable that will be assigned to an array element contains
## characters that are used as delimiters.
block_newlines(){
local newline_variable newline_value
newline_variable="${1}"
newline_value="${2}"
## dpkg-statoverride: error: path may not contain newlines
#if [[ "${newline_value}" == *$'\n'* ]]; then
if [[ "${newline_value}" != "${newline_value//$'\n'/NEWLINE}" ]]; then
log warn "Skipping ${newline_variable} that contains newlines: '${newline_value}'" >&2
return 1
fi
}
output_stat(){
local file_name
file_name="${1}"
if test -z "${file_name}"; then
log error "File name is empty. file_name: '${file_name}'" >&2
return 1
fi
block_newlines file "${file_name}"
declare -a arr
local file_name_from_stat stat_output stat_output_newlined
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if ! stat_output="$(stat -c "%a${delimiter}%U${delimiter}%G${delimiter}%n${delimiter}" "${file_name}")"; then
log error "Failed to run 'stat' on file: '${file_name}'!" >&2
return 1
fi
stat_output_newlined="$(printf '%s\n' "${stat_output//${delimiter}/$'\n'}")"
readarray -t arr <<< "${stat_output_newlined}"
if test "${#arr[@]}" = 0; then
log error "Line is empty. Stat output: '${stat_output}', line: '${line}'" >&2
return 1
fi
existing_mode="${arr[0]}"
existing_owner="${arr[1]}"
existing_group="${arr[2]}"
file_name_from_stat="${arr[3]}"
if [ ! "$file_name" = "$file_name_from_stat" ]; then
log error "\
function ${FUNCNAME[1]}:
File name is different from file name received from stat:
File name '${file_name}'
File name from stat: '${file_name_from_stat}'" >&2
return 1
fi
if test -z "${existing_mode}"; then
log error "Existing mode is empty. Stat output: '${stat_output}', line: '${line}'" >&2
return 1
fi
if test -z "${existing_owner}"; then
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log error "Existing owner is empty. Stat output: '${stat_output}', line: '${line}'" >&2
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return 1
fi
if test -z "${existing_group}"; then
log error "Existing group is empty. Stat output: '${stat_output}', line: '${line}'" >&2
return 1
fi
}
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sanity_tests() {
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echo_wrapper_audit silent which \
capsh getcap setcap stat find dpkg-statoverride getent xargs grep 1>/dev/null
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}
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add_nosuid_statoverride_entry() {
local fso_to_process
fso_to_process="${fso}"
local should_be_counter
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should_be_counter=0
local counter_actual
counter_actual=0
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local dummy_line
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while IFS="" read -r -d "" dummy_line; do
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log info "Test would parse line: '${dummy_line}'"
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should_be_counter=$((should_be_counter + 1))
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done < <(find "${fso_to_process}" -perm /u=s,g=s -print0)
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local line
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while IFS="" read -r -d "" file_name; do
counter_actual=$((counter_actual + 1))
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## sets:
## exiting_mode
## existing_owner
## existing_group
output_stat "${file_name}"
## -h file True if file is a symbolic Link.
## -u file True if file has its set-user-id bit set.
## -g file True if file has its set-group-id bit set.
if test -h "${file_name}"; then
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/disable-suid-binaries/7706/14
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log info "Skip symlink: '${file_name}'"
continue
fi
if test -d "${file_name}"; then
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log info "Skip directory: '${file_name}'"
continue
fi
local setuid setgid
setuid=""
if test -u "${file_name}"; then
setuid=true
fi
setgid=""
if test -g "${file_name}"; then
setgid=true
fi
local setuid_or_setgid
setuid_or_setgid=""
if test "${setuid}" = "true" || test "${setgid}" = "true"; then
setuid_or_setgid=true
fi
if test -z "${setuid_or_setgid}"; then
log info "Neither setuid nor setgid. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
continue
fi
## Remove suid / gid and execute permission for 'group' and 'others'.
## Similar to: chmod og-ugx /path/to/filename
## Removing execution permission is useful to make binaries such as 'su'
## fail closed rather than fail open if suid was removed from these.
## Do not remove read access since no security benefit and easier to
## manually undo for users.
## Are there suid or sgid binaries which are still useful if suid / sgid
## has been removed from these?
new_mode="744"
local is_exact_whitelisted
is_exact_whitelisted=""
for white_list_entry in "${exact_white_list[@]:-}"; do
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if test -z "${white_list_entry}"; then
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log info "white_list_entry unset. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
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continue
fi
if test "${file_name}" = "${white_list_entry}"; then
is_exact_whitelisted="true"
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log info "is_exact_whitelisted=true. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
## Stop looping through the whitelist.
break
fi
done
local is_match_whitelisted
is_match_whitelisted=""
for matchwhite_list_entry in "${match_white_list[@]:-}"; do
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if test -z "${matchwhite_list_entry}"; then
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log info "matchwhite_list_entry unset. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
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continue
fi
if echo "${file_name}" | grep --quiet --fixed-strings "${matchwhite_list_entry}"; then
is_match_whitelisted="true"
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log info "is_match_whitelisted=true. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
## Stop looping through the match_white_list.
break
fi
done
local is_disable_whitelisted
is_disable_whitelisted=""
for disablematch_list_entry in "${disable_white_list[@]:-}"; do
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if test -z "${disablematch_list_entry}"; then
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log info "disablematch_list_entry unset. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
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continue
fi
if echo "${file_name}" | grep --quiet --fixed-strings "${disablematch_list_entry}"; then
is_disable_whitelisted="true"
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log info "is_disable_whitelisted=true. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
## Stop looping through the disablewhitelist.
break
fi
done
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local clean_output_prefix clean_output
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clean_output_prefix="Managing (S|G)UID of line:"
clean_output="${setuid:+setuid='true'} ${setgid:+setgid='true'} existing_mode='${existing_mode}' new_mode='${new_mode}' file='${file_name}'"
if test "${whitelists_disable_all:-}" = "true"; then
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log info "${clean_output_prefix} whitelists_disable_all=true ${clean_output}"
elif test "${is_disable_whitelisted}" = "true"; then
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log info "${clean_output_prefix} is_disable_whitelisted=true ${clean_output}"
else
if test "${is_exact_whitelisted}" = "true"; then
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log info "${clean_output_prefix} is_exact_whitelisted=true ${clean_output}"
continue
fi
if test "${is_match_whitelisted}" = "true"; then
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log info "${clean_output_prefix} is_match_whitelisted=true matchwhite_list_entry='${matchwhite_list_entry}' ${clean_output}"
continue
fi
fi
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log notice "${clean_output_prefix} ${clean_output}"
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
if dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --list "${file_name}" >/dev/null; then
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log info "Existing mode already saved previously. Not saving again."
else
## Save existing_mode in separate database.
## Not using --update as not intending to enforce existing_mode.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_audit silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --add "${existing_owner}" "${existing_group}" "${existing_mode}" "${file_name}"
fi
## No need to check "dpkg-statoverride --list" for existing entries.
## If existing_mode was correct already, we would not have reached this
## point. Since existing_mode is incorrect, remove from dpkg-statoverride
## and re-add.
## Remove from real database.
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echo_wrapper_ignore silent dpkg-statoverride --remove "${file_name}"
## Remove from separate database.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_ignore silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode} --remove "${file_name}"
## Add to real database and use --update to make changes on disk.
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echo_wrapper_audit verbose dpkg-statoverride --add --update "${existing_owner}" "${existing_group}" "${new_mode}" "${file_name}"
## Not using --update as this is only for recording.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_audit silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode} --add "${existing_owner}" "${existing_group}" "${new_mode}" "${file_name}"
## /usr/lib will hit ARG_MAX if using bash 'shopt -s globstar' and '/usr/lib/**'.
## Using 'find' with '-perm /u=s,g=s' is faster and avoids ARG_MAX.
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/disable-suid-binaries/7706/17
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done < <(find "${fso_to_process}" -perm /u=s,g=s -print0)
## Sanity test.
if test ! "${should_be_counter}" = "${counter_actual}"; then
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log info "File (parsed/wanted): '${fso_to_process}': (${counter_actual}/${should_be_counter})"
log error "Expected number of files to be parsed was not met." >&2
exit_code=202
fi
}
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set_file_perms() {
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log info "START parsing config file: '${config_file}'"
local line
while read -r line || test -n "${line}"; do
if test -z "${line}"; then
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true "DEBUG: line is empty. Skipping."
continue
fi
if [[ "${line}" =~ ^\s*# ]]; then
continue
fi
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if ! [[ "${line}" =~ [0-9a-zA-Z/] ]]; then
exit_code=200
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log error "Line contains invalid characters: '${line}'" >&2
## Safer to exit with error in this case.
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/disable-suid-binaries/7706/59
exit "${exit_code}"
fi
if test "${line}" = 'whitelists_disable_all=true'; then
whitelists_disable_all=true
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log info "whitelists_disable_all=true"
continue
fi
#global fso
local mode_from_config owner_from_config group_from_config capability_from_config
if ! read -r fso mode_from_config owner_from_config group_from_config capability_from_config <<<"${line}"; then
exit_code=201
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log error "Cannot parse line: '${line}'" >&2
## Debugging.
du -hs /tmp || true
echo "test -w /tmp: '$(test -w /tmp)'" >&2 || true
## Safer to exit with error in this case.
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/disable-suid-binaries/7706/59
exit "${exit_code}"
fi
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log info "Parsing line: fso='${fso}' mode_from_config='${mode_from_config}' owner_from_config='${owner_from_config}' group_from_config='${group_from_config}' capability_from_config='${capability_from_config}'"
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## Debugging.
#echo "line: '${line}'"
#echo "fso: '${fso}'"
#echo "mode_from_config: '${mode_from_config}'"
#echo "owner_from_config: '${owner_from_config}'"
local fso_without_trailing_slash
fso_without_trailing_slash="${fso%/}"
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declare -g disable_white_list exact_white_list match_white_list
case "${mode_from_config}" in
disablewhitelist)
disable_white_list+=("${fso}")
continue
;;
exactwhitelist)
exact_white_list+=("${fso}")
continue
;;
matchwhitelist)
match_white_list+=("${fso}")
continue
;;
esac
if test ! -e "${fso}"; then
log info "File does not exist: '${fso}'"
continue
fi
## Use dpkg-statoverride so permissions are not reset during upgrades.
if test "${mode_from_config}" = "nosuid"; then
## If mode_from_config is "nosuid" the config does not set owner and
## group. Therefore do not enforce owner/group check.
add_nosuid_statoverride_entry
else
local string_length_of_mode_from_config
string_length_of_mode_from_config="${#mode_from_config}"
if test "${string_length_of_mode_from_config}" -gt "4"; then
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log error "Invalid mode: '${mode_from_config}'" >&2
continue
fi
if test "${string_length_of_mode_from_config}" -lt "3"; then
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log error "Invalid mode: '${mode_from_config}'" >&2
continue
fi
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if ! grep --quiet --fixed-strings "${owner_from_config}:" "${store_dir}/private/passwd"; then
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log error "Owner from config does not exist: '${owner_from_config}'" >&2
continue
fi
if ! grep --quiet --fixed-strings "${group_from_config}:" "${store_dir}/private/group"; then
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log error "Group from config does not exist: '${group_from_config}'" >&2
continue
fi
local mode_for_grep
mode_for_grep="${mode_from_config}"
first_character_of_mode_from_config="${mode_from_config::1}"
if test "${first_character_of_mode_from_config}" = "0"; then
## Remove leading '0'.
mode_for_grep="${mode_from_config:1}"
fi
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file_name="${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
## sets:
## exiting_mode
## existing_owner
## existing_group
output_stat "${file_name}"
## Check there is an entry for the fso.
##
## example: dpkg-statoverride --list | grep /home
## output:
## root root 755 /home
##
## dpkg-statoverride does not show leading '0'.
local dpkg_statoverride_list_output=""
local dpkg_statoverride_list_exit_code=0
dpkg_statoverride_list_output="$(dpkg-statoverride --list "${fso_without_trailing_slash}")" || {
dpkg_statoverride_list_exit_code=$?
true
}
if test "${dpkg_statoverride_list_exit_code}" = "0"; then
local grep_line
grep_line="${owner_from_config} ${group_from_config} ${mode_for_grep} ${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
if echo "${dpkg_statoverride_list_output}" | grep --quiet --fixed-strings "${grep_line}"; then
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log info "The owner/group/mode matches fso entry. No further action required."
else
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log info "The owner/group/mode does not match fso entry, updating entry."
## fso_without_trailing_slash instead of fso to prevent
## "dpkg-statoverride: warning: stripping trailing /"
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
if dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --list "${fso_without_trailing_slash}" >/dev/null; then
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log info "Existing mode already saved previously. Not saving again."
else
## Save existing_mode in separate database.
## Not using --update as not intending to enforce existing_mode.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_audit silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --add "${existing_owner}" "${existing_group}" "${existing_mode}" "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
fi
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_ignore silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode} --remove "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
## Remove from and add to real database.
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echo_wrapper_ignore silent dpkg-statoverride --remove "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
echo_wrapper_audit verbose dpkg-statoverride --add --update "${owner_from_config}" "${group_from_config}" "${mode_from_config}" "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
## Save in separate database.
## Not using --update as this is only for saving.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_audit silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode} --add "${owner_from_config}" "${group_from_config}" "${mode_from_config}" "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
fi
else
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log info "There is no fso entry, adding one."
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
if dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --list "${fso_without_trailing_slash}" >/dev/null; then
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log info "Existing mode already saved previously. Not saving again."
else
## Save existing_mode in separate database.
## Not using --update as not intending to enforce existing_mode.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_audit silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --add "${existing_owner}" "${existing_group}" "${existing_mode}" "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
fi
## Add to real database.
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echo_wrapper_audit verbose dpkg-statoverride --add --update "${owner_from_config}" "${group_from_config}" "${mode_from_config}" "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
## Save in separate database.
## Not using --update as this is only for saving.
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
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echo_wrapper_audit silent dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode} --add "${owner_from_config}" "${group_from_config}" "${mode_from_config}" "${fso_without_trailing_slash}"
fi
fi
if test -z "${capability_from_config}"; then
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log info "capability_from_config is empty. Skipping. file_name: '${file_name}'"
continue
fi
if test "${capability_from_config}" = "none"; then
## https://forums.whonix.org/t/disable-suid-binaries/7706/45
## sudo setcap -r /bin/ping 2>/dev/null
## Failed to set capabilities on file '/bin/ping' (No data available)
## The value of the capability argument is not permitted for a file. Or
## the file is not a regular (non-symlink) file
## Therefore use echo_wrapper_ignore.
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echo_wrapper_ignore verbose setcap -r "${fso}"
getcap_output="$(getcap "${fso}")"
if test -n "${getcap_output}"; then
exit_code=205
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log error "Removing capabilities failed. File: '${fso}'" >&2
continue
fi
else
if ! capsh --print | grep --fixed-strings "Bounding set" | grep --quiet "${capability_from_config}"; then
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log error "Capability from config does not exist: '${capability_from_config}'" >&2
continue
fi
## feature request: dpkg-statoverride: support for capabilities
## https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=502580
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echo_wrapper_audit verbose setcap "${capability_from_config}+ep" "${fso}"
fi
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done <"${config_file}"
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log info "END parsing config file: '${config_file}'"
}
parse_config_folder() {
touch "${store_dir}/private/passwd"
chmod og-rwx "${store_dir}/private/passwd"
touch "${store_dir}/private/group"
chmod og-rwx "${store_dir}/private/group"
local passwd_file_contents_temp
## Query contents of password and group databases only once and buffer them
##
## If we don't buffer we sometimes get incorrect results when checking for
## entries using 'if getent passwd | grep --quiet '^root:'; ...' since
## 'grep' exits after the first match in this case causing 'getent' to
## receive SIGPIPE, which then fails the pipeline since 'set -o pipefail' is
## set for this script.
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passwd_file_contents_temp="$(getent passwd)"
echo "${passwd_file_contents_temp}" | tee "${store_dir}/private/passwd" >/dev/null
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group_file_contents_temp="$(getent group)"
echo "${group_file_contents_temp}" | tee "${store_dir}/private/group" >/dev/null
#passwd_file_contents="$(cat "${store_dir}/private/passwd")"
#group_file_contents="$(cat "${store_dir}/private/group")"
shopt -s nullglob
for config_file in \
/etc/permission-hardener.d/*.conf \
/usr/local/etc/permission-hardener.d/*.conf \
/etc/permission-hardening.d/*.conf \
/usr/local/etc/permission-hardening.d/*.conf
do
set_file_perms
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done
}
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apply() {
check_root
make_store_dir
sanity_tests
parse_config_folder
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log notice "\
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To compare the current and previous permission modes, install 'meld' (or preferred diff tool) for comparison of file mode changes:
sudo apt install --no-install-recommends meld
meld ${store_dir}/existing_mode/statoverride ${store_dir}/new_mode/statoverride"
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}
spare() {
check_root
make_store_dir
remove_file="${1}"
exit_code=0
dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode="--admindir ${store_dir}/existing_mode"
dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode="--admindir ${store_dir}/new_mode"
if test ! -f "${store_dir}/existing_mode/statoverride"; then
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true "DEBUG: Stat file does not exist, hardening was not applied before."
return 0
fi
local line
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while read -r line; do
## example line:
## root root 4755 /usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device
local owner group mode file_name
if ! read -r owner group mode file_name <<< "${line}"; then
exit_code=201
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log error "Cannot parse line: '${line}'" >&2
continue
fi
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log info "Parsing line: owner='${owner}' group='${group}' mode='${mode}' file_name='${file_name}'"
if test "${remove_file}" = "all"; then
verbose=""
remove_one=false
else
if test "${remove_file}" = "${file_name}"; then
verbose="--verbose"
remove_one=true
echo "${remove_one}" | tee "${store_dir}/remove_one" >/dev/null
else
echo "false" | tee "${store_dir}/remove_one" >/dev/null
continue
fi
fi
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if test "${remove_one}" = "true"; then
set -o xtrace
fi
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if test -e "${file_name}"; then
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
chown ${verbose} "${owner}:${group}" "${file_name}" || exit_code=202
## chmod need to be run after chown since chown removes suid.
## https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/53665/chown-removes-setuid-bit-bug-or-feature
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
chmod ${verbose} "${mode}" "${file_name}" || exit_code=203
else
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log info "File does not exist: '${file_name}'"
fi
dpkg-statoverride --remove "${file_name}" &>/dev/null || true
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_existing_mode} --remove "${file_name}" &>/dev/null || true
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
dpkg-statoverride ${dpkg_admindir_parameter_new_mode} --remove "${file_name}" &>/dev/null || true
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if test "${remove_one}" = "true"; then
set +o xtrace
break
fi
done < "${store_dir}/existing_mode/statoverride"
if test ! "${remove_file}" = "all"; then
if test "$(cat "${store_dir}/remove_one")" = "false"; then
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log info "No file was removed.
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File '${remove_file}' has not been removed from SUID Disabler and Permission Hardener during this invocation. This is expected if already done earlier.
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This program expects the full path to the file. Example:
$0 disable /usr/bin/newgrp # absolute path: works
$0 disable newgrp # relative path: does not work
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To remove all:
$0 disable all
This change might not be permanent. For full instructions, see:
https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/SUID_Disabler_and_Permission_Hardener
To view list of changed by SUID Disabler and Permission Hardener:
https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/SUID_Disabler_and_Permission_Hardener#View_List_of_Permissions_Changed_by_SUID_Disabler_and_Permission_Hardener
For re-enabling any specific SUID binary:
https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/SUID_Disabler_and_Permission_Hardener#Re-Enable_Specific_SUID_Binaries
For completely disabling SUID Disabler and Permission Hardener:
https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/SUID_Disabler_and_Permission_Hardener#Disable_SUID_Disabler_and_Permission_Hardener"
fi
fi
}
check_root(){
if test "$(id -u)" != "0"; then
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log error "Not running as root, aborting."
exit 1
fi
}
usage(){
echo "Usage: ${0##*/} enable
${0##*/} disable [FILE|all]
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Examples:
${0##*/} enable
${0##*/} disable all
${0##*/} disable /usr/bin/newgrp" >&2
exit "${1}"
}
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case "${1:-}" in
enable) shift; apply "$@";;
disable)
shift
case "${1:-}" in
"") usage 1;;
*) spare "${1}";;
esac
;;
-h|--help) usage 0;;
*) usage 1;;
esac
if test "${exit_code}" != "0"; then
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log error "Exiting with non-zero exit code: '${exit_code}'" >&2
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fi
exit "${exit_code}"