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Mark Qvist 2023-09-19 15:13:41 +02:00
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@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ Remote Shell
The `rnsh <https://github.com/acehoss/rnsh>`_ program lets you establish fully interactive
remote shell sessions over Reticulum. It also allows you to pipe any program to or from a
remote system, and is similar to how ``ssh`` works.
remote system, and is similar to how ``ssh`` works. The ``rnsh`` is very efficient, and
can facilitate fully interactive shell sessions, even over extremely low-bandwidth links.
Nomad Network
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ started is to install the latest release of Reticulum via pip:
.. code::
pip3 install rns
pip install rns
The above command will install Reticulum and dependencies, and you will be
ready to import and use RNS in your own programs. The next step will most
@ -291,7 +292,7 @@ For extended functionality, you can install optional dependencies:
.. code::
pip3 install pyserial
pip install pyserial
Further information can be found in the :ref:`API Reference<api-main>`.
@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ don't use pip, but try this recipe:
.. code::
# Install dependencies
pip3 install cryptography pyserial
pip install cryptography pyserial
# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/markqvist/Reticulum.git
@ -316,25 +317,25 @@ don't use pip, but try this recipe:
ln -s ../RNS ./Examples/
# Run an example
python3 Examples/Echo.py -s
python Examples/Echo.py -s
# Unless you've manually created a config file, Reticulum will do so now,
# and immediately exit. Make any necessary changes to the file:
nano ~/.reticulum/config
# ... and launch the example again.
python3 Examples/Echo.py -s
python Examples/Echo.py -s
# You can now repeat the process on another computer,
# and run the same example with -h to get command line options.
python3 Examples/Echo.py -h
python Examples/Echo.py -h
# Run the example in client mode to "ping" the server.
# Replace the hash below with the actual destination hash of your server.
python3 Examples/Echo.py 174a64852a75682259ad8b921b8bf416
python Examples/Echo.py 174a64852a75682259ad8b921b8bf416
# Have a look at another example
python3 Examples/Filetransfer.py -h
python Examples/Filetransfer.py -h
When you have experimented with the basic examples, it's time to go read the
:ref:`Understanding Reticulum<understanding-main>` chapter. Before submitting
@ -446,11 +447,11 @@ detailed in this manual.
Debian Bookworm
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
On versions of Debian released after April 2023, it is no longer possible
On versions of Debian released after April 2023, it is no longer possible by default
to use ``pip`` to install packages onto your system. Unfortunately, you will need to
use the replacement ``pipx`` command instead, which places installed packages in an
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but installation
via this method is not fully tested yet.
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but will not work
for including and using Reticulum in your own scripts and programs.
.. code::
@ -463,14 +464,28 @@ via this method is not fully tested yet.
# Install Reticulum
pipx install rns
Alternatively, you can restore normal behaviour to ``pip`` by creating or editing
the configuration file located at ``~/.config/pip/pip.conf``, and adding the
following section:
.. code:: text
[global]
break-system-packages = true
Please note that the "break-system-packages" directive is a somewhat misleading choice
of words. Setting it will of course not break any system packages, but will simply
allow installing ``pip`` packages user- and system-wide. While this *could* in rare
cases lead to version conflicts, it does not generally pose any problems.
Ubuntu Lunar
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
On versions of Ubuntu released after April 2023, it is no longer possible
On versions of Ubuntu released after April 2023, it is no longer possible by default
to use ``pip`` to install packages onto your system. Unfortunately, you will need to
use the replacement ``pipx`` command instead, which places installed packages in an
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but installation
via this method is not fully tested yet.
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but will not work
for including and using Reticulum in your own scripts and programs.
.. code::
@ -483,14 +498,24 @@ via this method is not fully tested yet.
# Install Reticulum
pipx install rns
Alternatively, you can restore normal behaviour to ``pip`` by creating or editing
the configuration file located at ``~/.config/pip/pip.conf``, and adding the
following section:
.. code:: text
[global]
break-system-packages = true
Please note that the "break-system-packages" directive is a somewhat misleading choice
of words. Setting it will of course not break any system packages, but will simply
allow installing ``pip`` packages user- and system-wide. While this _could_ in rare
cases lead to version conflicts, it does not generally pose any problems.
Pure-Python Reticulum
==============================================
In some rare cases, and on more obscure system types, it is not possible to
install one or more dependencies
On more unusual systems, and in some rare cases, it might not be possible to
install or even compile one or more of the above modules. In such situations,
install one or more dependencies. In such situations,
you can use the ``rnspure`` package instead of the ``rns`` package, or use ``pip``
with the ``--no-dependencies`` command-line option. The ``rnspure``
package requires no external dependencies for installation. Please note that the

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@ -24,11 +24,20 @@ starting from scratch.
This chapter will outline a few different sensible starting paths to get
real-world functional wireless communications up and running with minimal cost
and effort. Two fundamental devices categories will be covered, *RNodes* and
*WiFi-based radios*.
*WiFi-based radios*. Additionally, other common options will be briefly described.
Knowing how to employ just a few different types of hardware will make it possible
to build a wide range of useful networks with little effort.
Combining Hardware Types
========================
It is useful to combine different link and hardware types when designing and
building a network. One useful design pattern is to employ high-capacity point-to-point
links based on WiFi or millimeter-wave radios (with high-gain directional antennas)
for the network backbone, and using LoRa-based RNodes for covering large areas with
connectivity for client devices.
While there are many other device categories that are useful in building Reticulum
networks, knowing how to employ just these two will make it possible to build
a wide range of useful networks with little effort.
.. _rnode-main:
@ -190,13 +199,6 @@ such as serial port and on-air parameters. For v2.x firmwares, you just need to
the Connection ID of the RNode, and Reticulum will automatically locate and connect to the
RNode, using the parameters stored in the RNode itself.
.. _rnode-suppliers:
Suppliers
^^^^^^^^^
Get in touch if you want to have your RNode supplier listed here, or if you want help to
get started with producing RNodes.
WiFi-based Hardware
===================
@ -231,11 +233,31 @@ that is relatively cheap while providing long range and high capacity for Reticu
networks. As in all other cases, it is also possible for Reticulum to co-exist with IP
networks running concurrently on such devices.
Combining Hardware Types
========================
Ethernet-based Hardware
=======================
It is useful to combine different link and hardware types when designing and
building a network. One useful design pattern is to employ high-capacity point-to-point
links based on WiFi or millimeter-wave radios (with high-gain directional antennas)
for the network backbone, and using LoRa-based RNodes for covering large areas with
connectivity for client devices.
Reticulum can run over any kind of hardware that can provide a switched Ethernet-based
medium. This means that anything from a plain Ethernet switch, to fiber-optic systems,
to data radios with Ethernet interfaces can be used by Reticulum.
The Ethernet medium does not need to have any IP infrastructure such as DHCP servers
or routing set up, but in case such infrastructure does exist, Reticulum will simply
co-exist with.
To use Reticulum over Ethernet-based mediums, it is generally enough to use the included
:ref:`AutoInterface<interfaces-auto>`. This interface also works over any kind of
virtual networking adapter, such as ``tun`` and ``tap`` devices in Linux.
Serial Lines & Devices
======================
Using Reticulum over any kind of raw serial line is also possible with the
:ref:`SerialInterface<interfaces-serial>`. This interface type is also useful for
using Reticulum over communications hardware that provides a serial port interface.
Packet Radio Modems
===================
Any packet radio modem that provides a standard KISS interface over USB, serial or TCP
can be used with Reticulum. This includes virtual software modems such as
`FreeDV TNC <https://github.com/xssfox/freedv-tnc>`_ and `Dire Wolf <https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf>`_.

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@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ can be used, and offers full control over LoRa parameters.
# out identification on the channel with
# a set interval by configuring the
# following two parameters.
# id_callsign = MYCALL-0
# id_interval = 600
@ -372,7 +373,21 @@ can be used, and offers full control over LoRa parameters.
# with low amounts of RAM, using packet
# flow control can be useful. By default
# it is disabled.
flow_control = False
# flow_control = False
# It is possible to limit the airtime
# utilisation of an RNode by using the
# following two configuration options.
# The short-term limit is applied in a
# window of approximately 15 seconds,
# and the long-term limit is enforced
# over a rolling 60 minute window. Both
# options are specified in percent.
# airtime_limit_long = 1.5
# airtime_limit_short = 33
.. _interfaces-serial:

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@ -145,10 +145,19 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:
If Reticulum infrastructure already exists locally, you probably don't need to
change anything, and you may already be connected to a wider network. If not,
you will probably need to add relevant *interfaces* to the configuration, in
order to communicate with other systems. It is a good idea to read the comments
and explanations in the above default config. It will teach you the basic
concepts you need to understand to configure your network. Once you have done that,
take a look at the :ref:`Interfaces<interfaces-main>` chapter of this manual.
order to communicate with other systems.
You can generate a much more verbose configuration example by running the command:
``rnsd --exampleconfig``
The output includes examples for most interface types supported
by Reticulum, along with additional options and configuration parameters.
It is a good idea to read the comments and explanations in the above default config.
It will teach you the basic concepts you need to understand to configure your network.
Once you have done that, take a look at the :ref:`Interfaces<interfaces-main>` chapter
of this manual.
Included Utility Programs
-------------------------
@ -170,28 +179,34 @@ When ``rnsd`` is running, it will keep all configured interfaces open, handle tr
it is enabled, and allow any other programs to immediately utilise the
Reticulum network it is configured for.
You can even run multiple instances of rnsd with different configurations on
You can even run multiple instances of ``rnsd`` with different configurations on
the same system.
.. code:: text
**Usage Examples**
# Install Reticulum
pip3 install rns
# Run rnsd
rnsd
Run ``rnsd``:
.. code:: text
usage: rnsd [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [--version]
$ rnsd
[2023-08-18 17:59:56] [Notice] Started rnsd version 0.5.8
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnsd.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [-s] [--exampleconfig] [--version]
Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
optional arguments:
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-v, --verbose
-q, --quiet
-s, --service rnsd is running as a service and should log to file
--exampleconfig print verbose configuration example to stdout and exit
--version show program's version number and exit
You can easily add ``rnsd`` as an always-on service by :ref:`configuring a service<using-systemd>`.
@ -202,12 +217,14 @@ The rnstatus Utility
Using the ``rnstatus`` utility, you can view the status of configured Reticulum
interfaces, similar to the ``ifconfig`` program.
**Usage Examples**
Run ``rnstatus``:
.. code:: text
# Run rnstatus
rnstatus
$ rnstatus
# Example output
Shared Instance[37428]
Status : Up
Serving : 1 program
@ -240,44 +257,171 @@ interfaces, similar to the ``ifconfig`` program.
Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a1cd36144a270e13b> running
Filter output to only show some interfaces:
.. code:: text
usage: rnstatus [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-v]
$ rnstatus rnode
RNodeInterface[RNode UHF]
Status : Up
Mode : Access Point
Rate : 1.30 kbps
Access : 64-bit IFAC by <…e702c42ba8>
Traffic : 8.49 KB↑
9.23 KB↓
Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a1cd36144a270e13b> running
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnstatus.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-j] [-v] [filter]
Reticulum Network Stack Status
optional arguments:
positional arguments:
filter only display interfaces with names including filter
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
--version show program's version number and exit
-a, --all show all interfaces
-j, --json output in JSON format
-v, --verbose
The rnid Utility
====================
With the ``rnid`` utility, you can generate, manage and view Reticulum Identities.
The program can also calculate Destination hashes, and perform encryption and
decryption of files.
Using ``rnid``, it is possible to asymmetrically encrypt files and information for
any Reticulum destination hash, and also to create and verify cryptographic signatures.
**Usage Examples**
Generate a new Identity:
.. code:: text
$ rnid -g ./new_identity
Display Identity key information:
.. code:: text
$ rnid -i ./new_identity -p
Loaded Identity <984b74a3f768bef236af4371e6f248cd> from new_id
Public Key : 0f4259fef4521ab75a3409e353fe9073eb10783b4912a6a9937c57bf44a62c1e
Private Key : Hidden
Encrypt a file for an LXMF user:
.. code:: text
$ rnid -i 8dd57a738226809646089335a6b03695 -e my_file.txt
Recalled Identity <bc7291552be7a58f361522990465165c> for destination <8dd57a738226809646089335a6b03695>
Encrypting my_file.txt
File my_file.txt encrypted for <bc7291552be7a58f361522990465165c> to my_file.txt.rfe
If the Identity for the destination is not already known, you can fetch it from the network by using the ``-R`` command-line option:
.. code:: text
$ rnid -R -i 30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9 -e my_file.txt
Requesting unknown Identity for <30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9>...
Received Identity <2b489d06eaf7c543808c76a5332a447d> for destination <30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9> from the network
Encrypting my_file.txt
File my_file.txt encrypted for <2b489d06eaf7c543808c76a5332a447d> to my_file.txt.rfe
Decrypt a file using the Reticulum Identity it was encrypted for:
.. code:: text
$ rnid -i ./my_identity -d my_file.txt.rfe
Loaded Identity <2225fdeecaf6e2db4556c3c2d7637294> from ./my_identity
Decrypting ./my_file.txt.rfe...
File ./my_file.txt.rfe decrypted with <2225fdeecaf6e2db4556c3c2d7637294> to ./my_file.txt
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnid.py [-h] [--config path] [-i identity] [-g path] [-v] [-q] [-a aspects]
[-H aspects] [-e path] [-d path] [-s path] [-V path] [-r path] [-w path]
[-f] [-R] [-t seconds] [-p] [-P] [--version]
Reticulum Identity & Encryption Utility
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-i identity, --identity identity
hexadecimal Reticulum Destination hash or path to Identity file
-g path, --generate path
generate a new Identity
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
-a aspects, --announce aspects
announce a destination based on this Identity
-H aspects, --hash aspects
show destination hashes for other aspects for this Identity
-e path, --encrypt path
encrypt file
-d path, --decrypt path
decrypt file
-s path, --sign path sign file
-V path, --validate path
validate signature
-r path, --read path input file path
-w path, --write path
output file path
-f, --force write output even if it overwrites existing files
-R, --request request unknown Identities from the network
-t seconds identity request timeout before giving up
-p, --print-identity print identity info and exit
-P, --print-private allow displaying private keys
--version show program's version number and exit
The rnpath Utility
====================
With the ``rnpath`` utility, you can look up and view paths for
destinations on the Reticulum network.
**Usage Examples**
Resolve path to a destination:
.. code:: text
# Run rnpath
rnpath c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806
$ rnpath c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806
# Example output
Path found, destination <c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806> is 4 hops away via <f53a1c4278e0726bb73fcc623d6ce763> on TCPInterface[Testnet/dublin.connect.reticulum.network:4965]
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnpath [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-r] [-d] [-D] [-w seconds] [-v] [destination]
usage: rnpath.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-r] [-d] [-D]
[-w seconds] [-v] [destination]
Reticulum Path Discovery Utility
positional arguments:
destination hexadecimal hash of the destination
optional arguments:
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
--version show program's version number and exit
@ -297,16 +441,20 @@ to the ``ping`` program. Please note that probes will only be answered if the
specified destination is configured to send proofs for received packets. Many
destinations will not have this option enabled, and will not be probable.
**Usage Examples**
Probe a destination:
.. code:: text
# Run rnprobe
rnprobe example_utilities.echo.request 2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708
$ rnprobe example_utilities.echo.request 2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708
# Example output
Sent 16 byte probe to <2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708>
Valid reply received from <2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708>
Round-trip time is 38.469 milliseconds over 2 hops
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnprobe [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-v] [full_name] [destination_hash]
@ -330,20 +478,39 @@ The rncp Utility
The ``rncp`` utility is a simple file transfer tool. Using it, you can transfer
files through Reticulum.
**Usage Examples**
Run rncp on the receiving system, specifying which identities are allowed to send files:
.. code:: text
# Run rncp on the receiving system, specifying which identities
# are allowed to send files
rncp --receive -a 1726dbad538775b5bf9b0ea25a4079c8 -a c50cc4e4f7838b6c31f60ab9032cbc62
$ rncp --listen -a 1726dbad538775b5bf9b0ea25a4079c8 -a c50cc4e4f7838b6c31f60ab9032cbc62
# From another system, copy a file to the receiving system
rncp ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
You can specify as many allowed senders as needed, or complete disable authentication.
You can also specify allowed identity hashes (one per line) in the file ~/.rncp/allowed_identities
and simply running the program in listener mode:
.. code:: text
usage: rncp [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-r] [-b] [-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-w seconds] [--version] [file] [destination]
$ rncp --listen
From another system, copy a file to the receiving system:
.. code:: text
$ rncp ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
Or fetch a file from the remote system:
.. code:: text
$ rncp --fetch ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rncp.py [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-S] [-l] [-f] [-b seconds]
[-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-p] [-w seconds] [--version] [file] [destination]
Reticulum File Transfer Utility
@ -351,19 +518,20 @@ You can specify as many allowed senders as needed, or complete disable authentic
file file to be transferred
destination hexadecimal hash of the receiver
optional arguments:
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
-r, --receive wait for incoming files
-b, --no-announce don't announce at program start
-S, --silent disable transfer progress output
-l, --listen listen for incoming transfer requests
-f, --fetch fetch file from remote listener instead of sending
-b seconds announce interval, 0 to only announce at startup
-a allowed_hash accept from this identity
-n, --no-auth accept files from anyone
-n, --no-auth accept files and fetches from anyone
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
-w seconds sender timeout before giving up
--version show program's version number and exit
-v, --verbose
The rnx Utility
@ -371,32 +539,43 @@ The rnx Utility
The ``rnx`` utility is a basic remote command execution program. It allows you to
execute commands on remote systems over Reticulum, and to view returned command
output.
output. For a fully interactive remote shell solution, be sure to also take a look
at the `rnsh <https://github.com/acehoss/rnsh>`_ program.
**Usage Examples**
Run rnx on the listening system, specifying which identities are allowed to execute commands:
.. code:: text
# Run rnx on the listening system, specifying which identities
# are allowed to execute commands
rnx --listen -a 941bed5e228775e5a8079fc38b1ccf3f -a 1b03013c25f1c2ca068a4f080b844a10
$ rnx --listen -a 941bed5e228775e5a8079fc38b1ccf3f -a 1b03013c25f1c2ca068a4f080b844a10
# From another system, run a command
rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 "cat /proc/cpuinfo"
# Or enter the interactive mode pseudo-shell
rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -x
# The default identity file is stored in
# ~/.reticulum/identities/rnx, but you can use
# another one, which will be created if it does
# not already exist
rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -i /path/to/identity -x
You can specify as many allowed senders as needed, or completely disable authentication.
From another system, run a command on the remote:
.. code:: text
usage: rnx [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-l] [-i identity] [-x] [-b] [-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-N] [-d] [-m] [-w seconds] [-W seconds] [--stdin STDIN] [--stdout STDOUT] [--stderr STDERR] [--version]
[destination] [command]
$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 "cat /proc/cpuinfo"
Or enter the interactive mode pseudo-shell:
.. code:: text
$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -x
The default identity file is stored in ``~/.reticulum/identities/rnx``, but you can use
another one, which will be created if it does not already exist
.. code:: text
$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -i /path/to/identity -x
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnx [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-l] [-i identity] [-x] [-b] [-n] [-N]
[-d] [-m] [-a allowed_hash] [-w seconds] [-W seconds] [--stdin STDIN]
[--stdout STDOUT] [--stderr STDERR] [--version] [destination] [command]
Reticulum Remote Execution Utility
@ -433,11 +612,19 @@ The rnodeconf Utility
The ``rnodeconf`` utility allows you to inspect and configure existing :ref:`RNodes<rnode-main>`, and
to create and provision new :ref:`RNodes<rnode-main>` from any supported hardware devices.
**All Command-Line Options**
.. code:: text
usage: rnodeconf [-h] [-i] [-a] [-u] [-U] [--fw-version version] [--nocheck] [-C] [-N] [-T] [-b] [-B] [-p] [--freq Hz] [--bw Hz] [--txp dBm] [--sf factor] [--cr rate] [--eeprom-backup] [--eeprom-dump] [--eeprom-wipe] [--version] [port]
usage: rnodeconf.py [-h] [-i] [-a] [-u] [-U] [--fw-version version] [--nocheck] [-e]
[-E] [-C] [--baud-flash baud_flash] [-N] [-T] [-b] [-B] [-p] [-D i]
[--freq Hz] [--bw Hz] [--txp dBm] [--sf factor] [--cr rate]
[--eeprom-backup] [--eeprom-dump] [--eeprom-wipe] [-P]
[--trust-key hexbytes] [--version] [port]
RNode Configuration and firmware utility. This program allows you to change various settings and startup modes of RNode. It can also install, flash and update the firmware on supported devices.
RNode Configuration and firmware utility. This program allows you to change various
settings and startup modes of RNode. It can also install, flash and update the firmware
on supported devices.
positional arguments:
port serial port where RNode is attached
@ -453,11 +640,14 @@ to create and provision new :ref:`RNodes<rnode-main>` from any supported hardwar
-e, --extract Extract firmware from connected RNode for later use
-E, --use-extracted Use the extracted firmware for autoinstallation or update
-C, --clear-cache Clear locally cached firmware files
--baud-flash baud_flash
Set specific baud rate when flashing device. Default is 921600
-N, --normal Switch device to normal mode
-T, --tnc Switch device to TNC mode
-b, --bluetooth-on Turn device bluetooth on
-B, --bluetooth-off Turn device bluetooth off
-p, --bluetooth-pair Put device into bluetooth pairing mode
-D i, --display i Set display intensity (0-255)
--freq Hz Frequency in Hz for TNC mode
--bw Hz Bandwidth in Hz for TNC mode
--txp dBm TX power in dBm for TNC mode
@ -466,6 +656,8 @@ to create and provision new :ref:`RNodes<rnode-main>` from any supported hardwar
--eeprom-backup Backup EEPROM to file
--eeprom-dump Dump EEPROM to console
--eeprom-wipe Unlock and wipe EEPROM
-P, --public Display public part of signing key
--trust-key hexbytes Public key to trust for device verification
--version Print program version and exit
For more information on how to create your own RNodes, please read the :ref:`Creating RNodes<rnode-creating>`

View File

@ -21,15 +21,15 @@ networks, without any need for hierarchical or beaureucratic structures to contr
or manage them, while ensuring individuals and communities full sovereignty
over their own network segments.
Reticulum is a complete networking stack, and does not need IP or higher
Reticulum is a **complete networking stack**, and does not need IP or higher
layers, although it is easy to utilise IP (with TCP or UDP) as the underlying
carrier for Reticulum. It is therefore trivial to tunnel Reticulum over the
Internet or private IP networks. Reticulum is built directly on cryptographic
principles, allowing resilience and stable functionality in open and trustless
networks.
No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum runs completely in
userland, and can run on practically any system that runs Python 3. Reticulum
No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum can run completely in
userland, and will run on practically any system that runs Python 3. Reticulum
runs well even on small single-board computers like the Pi Zero.
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Current Status
**Please know!** Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol
features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as
real-world use is explored. *There will be bugs*. The API and wire-format can be
considered stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted.
considered complete and stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted.
What does Reticulum Offer?
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ What does Reticulum Offer?
* Efficient link establishment
* Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 297 bytes
* Total cost of setting up an encrypted and verified link is only 3 packets, totalling 297 bytes
* Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.44 bits per second

View File

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT: document.getElementById("documentation_options").getAttribute('data-url_root'),
VERSION: '0.5.7 beta',
VERSION: '0.5.9 beta',
LANGUAGE: 'en',
COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
BUILDER: 'html',

View File

@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
.highlight .cs { color: #8f5902; font-style: italic } /* Comment.Special */
.highlight .gd { color: #a40000 } /* Generic.Deleted */
.highlight .ge { color: #000000; font-style: italic } /* Generic.Emph */
.highlight .ges { color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic } /* Generic.EmphStrong */
.highlight .gr { color: #ef2929 } /* Generic.Error */
.highlight .gh { color: #000080; font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Heading */
.highlight .gi { color: #00A000 } /* Generic.Inserted */
@ -107,6 +108,7 @@ body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .c1 { color: #ababab; font-style: italic } /*
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .cs { color: #e50808; font-weight: bold; background-color: #520000 } /* Comment.Special */
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .gd { color: #d22323 } /* Generic.Deleted */
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .ge { color: #d0d0d0; font-style: italic } /* Generic.Emph */
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .ges { color: #d0d0d0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic } /* Generic.EmphStrong */
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .gr { color: #d22323 } /* Generic.Error */
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .gh { color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Heading */
body[data-theme="dark"] .highlight .gi { color: #589819 } /* Generic.Inserted */
@ -192,6 +194,7 @@ body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .c1 { color: #ababab; font-style: ital
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .cs { color: #e50808; font-weight: bold; background-color: #520000 } /* Comment.Special */
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .gd { color: #d22323 } /* Generic.Deleted */
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .ge { color: #d0d0d0; font-style: italic } /* Generic.Emph */
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .ges { color: #d0d0d0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic } /* Generic.EmphStrong */
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .gr { color: #d22323 } /* Generic.Error */
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .gh { color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Heading */
body:not([data-theme="light"]) .highlight .gi { color: #589819 } /* Generic.Inserted */

View File

@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" /><link rel="next" title="Support Reticulum" href="support.html" /><link rel="prev" title="Building Networks" href="networks.html" />
<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/>
<title>Code Examples - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=362ab14a" />
<title>Code Examples - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=a746c00c" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo.css?digest=189ec851f9bb375a2509b67be1f64f0cf212b702" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/copybutton.css?v=76b2166b" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?digest=30d1aed668e5c3a91c3e3bf6a60b675221979f0e" />
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -3322,7 +3322,7 @@ interface to efficiently pass files of any size over a Reticulum <a class="refer
</aside>
</div>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=261083eb"></script>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=f24f4563"></script>
<script src="_static/doctools.js?v=888ff710"></script>
<script src="_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=4825356b"></script>
<script src="_static/scripts/furo.js?v=2c7c1115"></script>

View File

@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" />
<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/>
<title>An Explanation of Reticulum for Human Beings - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=362ab14a" />
<title>An Explanation of Reticulum for Human Beings - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=a746c00c" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo.css?digest=189ec851f9bb375a2509b67be1f64f0cf212b702" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/copybutton.css?v=76b2166b" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?digest=30d1aed668e5c3a91c3e3bf6a60b675221979f0e" />
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
</aside>
</div>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=261083eb"></script>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=f24f4563"></script>
<script src="_static/doctools.js?v=888ff710"></script>
<script src="_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=4825356b"></script>
<script src="_static/scripts/furo.js?v=2c7c1115"></script>

View File

@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"/>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"><link rel="index" title="Index" href="#" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" />
<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/><title>Index - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=362ab14a" />
<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/><title>Index - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=a746c00c" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo.css?digest=189ec851f9bb375a2509b67be1f64f0cf212b702" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/copybutton.css?v=76b2166b" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?digest=30d1aed668e5c3a91c3e3bf6a60b675221979f0e" />
@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -723,7 +723,7 @@
</aside>
</div>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=261083eb"></script>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=f24f4563"></script>
<script src="_static/doctools.js?v=888ff710"></script>
<script src="_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=4825356b"></script>
<script src="_static/scripts/furo.js?v=2c7c1115"></script>

View File

@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" /><link rel="next" title="Using Reticulum on Your System" href="using.html" /><link rel="prev" title="What is Reticulum?" href="whatis.html" />
<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/>
<title>Getting Started Fast - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=362ab14a" />
<title>Getting Started Fast - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=a746c00c" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo.css?digest=189ec851f9bb375a2509b67be1f64f0cf212b702" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/copybutton.css?v=76b2166b" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?digest=30d1aed668e5c3a91c3e3bf6a60b675221979f0e" />
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -277,7 +277,8 @@ radio interfaces can then be added later.</p>
<h3>Remote Shell<a class="headerlink" href="#remote-shell" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/acehoss/rnsh">rnsh</a> program lets you establish fully interactive
remote shell sessions over Reticulum. It also allows you to pipe any program to or from a
remote system, and is similar to how <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssh</span></code> works.</p>
remote system, and is similar to how <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssh</span></code> works. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsh</span></code> is very efficient, and
can facilitate fully interactive shell sessions, even over extremely low-bandwidth links.</p>
</section>
<section id="nomad-network">
<h3>Nomad Network<a class="headerlink" href="#nomad-network" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
@ -426,7 +427,7 @@ digital radio transceiver, that integrates easily with Reticulum.</p>
<p>To build one yourself requires installing a custom firmware on a supported LoRa
development board with an auto-install script. Please see the <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#hardware-main"><span class="std std-ref">Communications Hardware</span></a>
chapter for a guide. If you prefer purchasing a ready-made unit, you can refer to the
<a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-suppliers"><span class="std std-ref">list of suppliers</span></a>. For more information on RNode, you can also
<span class="xref std std-ref">list of suppliers</span>. For more information on RNode, you can also
refer to these additional external resources:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://unsigned.io/how-to-make-your-own-rnodes/">How To Make Your Own RNodes</a></p></li>
@ -443,14 +444,14 @@ and propose adding an interface for the hardware.</p>
<h2>Develop a Program with Reticulum<a class="headerlink" href="#develop-a-program-with-reticulum" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>If you want to develop programs that use Reticulum, the easiest way to get
started is to install the latest release of Reticulum via pip:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip3</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The above command will install Reticulum and dependencies, and you will be
ready to import and use RNS in your own programs. The next step will most
likely be to look at some <a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#examples-main"><span class="std std-ref">Example Programs</span></a>.</p>
<p>For extended functionality, you can install optional dependencies:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip3</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pyserial</span>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pyserial</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Further information can be found in the <a class="reference internal" href="reference.html#api-main"><span class="std std-ref">API Reference</span></a>.</p>
@ -461,7 +462,7 @@ likely be to look at some <a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#exam
utilities, youll want to get the latest source from GitHub. In that case,
dont use pip, but try this recipe:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install dependencies</span>
<span class="n">pip3</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">cryptography</span> <span class="n">pyserial</span>
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">cryptography</span> <span class="n">pyserial</span>
<span class="c1"># Clone repository</span>
<span class="n">git</span> <span class="n">clone</span> <span class="n">https</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="n">github</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">markqvist</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Reticulum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">git</span>
@ -471,25 +472,25 @@ dont use pip, but try this recipe:</p>
<span class="n">ln</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">../</span><span class="n">RNS</span> <span class="o">./</span><span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span>
<span class="c1"># Run an example</span>
<span class="n">python3</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="c1"># Unless you&#39;ve manually created a config file, Reticulum will do so now,</span>
<span class="c1"># and immediately exit. Make any necessary changes to the file:</span>
<span class="n">nano</span> <span class="o">~/.</span><span class="n">reticulum</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">config</span>
<span class="c1"># ... and launch the example again.</span>
<span class="n">python3</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="c1"># You can now repeat the process on another computer,</span>
<span class="c1"># and run the same example with -h to get command line options.</span>
<span class="n">python3</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">h</span>
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">h</span>
<span class="c1"># Run the example in client mode to &quot;ping&quot; the server.</span>
<span class="c1"># Replace the hash below with the actual destination hash of your server.</span>
<span class="n">python3</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="mi">174</span><span class="n">a64852a75682259ad8b921b8bf416</span>
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="mi">174</span><span class="n">a64852a75682259ad8b921b8bf416</span>
<span class="c1"># Have a look at another example</span>
<span class="n">python3</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Filetransfer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">h</span>
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Filetransfer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">h</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>When you have experimented with the basic examples, its time to go read the
@ -586,11 +587,11 @@ detailed in this manual.</p>
</section>
<section id="debian-bookworm">
<h3>Debian Bookworm<a class="headerlink" href="#debian-bookworm" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>On versions of Debian released after April 2023, it is no longer possible
<p>On versions of Debian released after April 2023, it is no longer possible by default
to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> to install packages onto your system. Unfortunately, you will need to
use the replacement <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipx</span></code> command instead, which places installed packages in an
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but installation
via this method is not fully tested yet.</p>
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but will not work
for including and using Reticulum in your own scripts and programs.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install pipx</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pipx</span>
@ -601,14 +602,25 @@ via this method is not fully tested yet.</p>
<span class="n">pipx</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Alternatively, you can restore normal behaviour to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> by creating or editing
the configuration file located at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/pip/pip.conf</span></code>, and adding the
following section:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[global]
break-system-packages = true
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Please note that the “break-system-packages” directive is a somewhat misleading choice
of words. Setting it will of course not break any system packages, but will simply
allow installing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> packages user- and system-wide. While this <em>could</em> in rare
cases lead to version conflicts, it does not generally pose any problems.</p>
</section>
<section id="ubuntu-lunar">
<h3>Ubuntu Lunar<a class="headerlink" href="#ubuntu-lunar" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>On versions of Ubuntu released after April 2023, it is no longer possible
<p>On versions of Ubuntu released after April 2023, it is no longer possible by default
to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> to install packages onto your system. Unfortunately, you will need to
use the replacement <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipx</span></code> command instead, which places installed packages in an
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but installation
via this method is not fully tested yet.</p>
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but will not work
for including and using Reticulum in your own scripts and programs.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install pipx</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pipx</span>
@ -619,14 +631,23 @@ via this method is not fully tested yet.</p>
<span class="n">pipx</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Alternatively, you can restore normal behaviour to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> by creating or editing
the configuration file located at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/pip/pip.conf</span></code>, and adding the
following section:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[global]
break-system-packages = true
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Please note that the “break-system-packages” directive is a somewhat misleading choice
of words. Setting it will of course not break any system packages, but will simply
allow installing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> packages user- and system-wide. While this _could_ in rare
cases lead to version conflicts, it does not generally pose any problems.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="pure-python-reticulum">
<h2>Pure-Python Reticulum<a class="headerlink" href="#pure-python-reticulum" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>In some rare cases, and on more obscure system types, it is not possible to
install one or more dependencies</p>
<p>On more unusual systems, and in some rare cases, it might not be possible to
install or even compile one or more of the above modules. In such situations,
install one or more dependencies. In such situations,
you can use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnspure</span></code> package instead of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rns</span></code> package, or use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>
with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--no-dependencies</span></code> command-line option. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnspure</span></code>
package requires no external dependencies for installation. Please note that the
@ -737,7 +758,7 @@ section of this manual.</p>
</aside>
</div>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=261083eb"></script>
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@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" /><link rel="next" title="Supported Interfaces" href="interfaces.html" /><link rel="prev" title="Understanding Reticulum" href="understanding.html" />
<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/>
<title>Communications Hardware - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</title>
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<title>Communications Hardware - Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</title>
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@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
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</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -240,10 +240,17 @@ starting from scratch.</p>
<p>This chapter will outline a few different sensible starting paths to get
real-world functional wireless communications up and running with minimal cost
and effort. Two fundamental devices categories will be covered, <em>RNodes</em> and
<em>WiFi-based radios</em>.</p>
<p>While there are many other device categories that are useful in building Reticulum
networks, knowing how to employ just these two will make it possible to build
a wide range of useful networks with little effort.</p>
<em>WiFi-based radios</em>. Additionally, other common options will be briefly described.</p>
<p>Knowing how to employ just a few different types of hardware will make it possible
to build a wide range of useful networks with little effort.</p>
<section id="combining-hardware-types">
<h2>Combining Hardware Types<a class="headerlink" href="#combining-hardware-types" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>It is useful to combine different link and hardware types when designing and
building a network. One useful design pattern is to employ high-capacity point-to-point
links based on WiFi or millimeter-wave radios (with high-gain directional antennas)
for the network backbone, and using LoRa-based RNodes for covering large areas with
connectivity for client devices.</p>
</section>
<section id="rnode">
<span id="rnode-main"></span><h2>RNode<a class="headerlink" href="#rnode" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Reliable and general-purpose long-range digital radio transceiver systems are
@ -373,11 +380,6 @@ such as serial port and on-air parameters. For v2.x firmwares, you just need to
the Connection ID of the RNode, and Reticulum will automatically locate and connect to the
RNode, using the parameters stored in the RNode itself.</p>
</section>
<section id="suppliers">
<span id="rnode-suppliers"></span><h3>Suppliers<a class="headerlink" href="#suppliers" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Get in touch if you want to have your RNode supplier listed here, or if you want help to
get started with producing RNodes.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="wifi-based-hardware">
<h2>WiFi-based Hardware<a class="headerlink" href="#wifi-based-hardware" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
@ -403,13 +405,29 @@ that is relatively cheap while providing long range and high capacity for Reticu
networks. As in all other cases, it is also possible for Reticulum to co-exist with IP
networks running concurrently on such devices.</p>
</section>
<section id="combining-hardware-types">
<h2>Combining Hardware Types<a class="headerlink" href="#combining-hardware-types" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>It is useful to combine different link and hardware types when designing and
building a network. One useful design pattern is to employ high-capacity point-to-point
links based on WiFi or millimeter-wave radios (with high-gain directional antennas)
for the network backbone, and using LoRa-based RNodes for covering large areas with
connectivity for client devices.</p>
<section id="ethernet-based-hardware">
<h2>Ethernet-based Hardware<a class="headerlink" href="#ethernet-based-hardware" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Reticulum can run over any kind of hardware that can provide a switched Ethernet-based
medium. This means that anything from a plain Ethernet switch, to fiber-optic systems,
to data radios with Ethernet interfaces can be used by Reticulum.</p>
<p>The Ethernet medium does not need to have any IP infrastructure such as DHCP servers
or routing set up, but in case such infrastructure does exist, Reticulum will simply
co-exist with.</p>
<p>To use Reticulum over Ethernet-based mediums, it is generally enough to use the included
<a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-auto"><span class="std std-ref">AutoInterface</span></a>. This interface also works over any kind of
virtual networking adapter, such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tun</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tap</span></code> devices in Linux.</p>
</section>
<section id="serial-lines-devices">
<h2>Serial Lines &amp; Devices<a class="headerlink" href="#serial-lines-devices" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Using Reticulum over any kind of raw serial line is also possible with the
<a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-serial"><span class="std std-ref">SerialInterface</span></a>. This interface type is also useful for
using Reticulum over communications hardware that provides a serial port interface.</p>
</section>
<section id="packet-radio-modems">
<h2>Packet Radio Modems<a class="headerlink" href="#packet-radio-modems" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Any packet radio modem that provides a standard KISS interface over USB, serial or TCP
can be used with Reticulum. This includes virtual software modems such as
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/xssfox/freedv-tnc">FreeDV TNC</a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf">Dire Wolf</a>.</p>
</section>
</section>
@ -470,6 +488,7 @@ connectivity for client devices.</p>
<div class="toc-tree">
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Communications Hardware</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#combining-hardware-types">Combining Hardware Types</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#rnode">RNode</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-rnodes">Creating RNodes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#supported-boards">Supported Boards</a><ul>
@ -483,11 +502,12 @@ connectivity for client devices.</p>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installation">Installation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#usage-with-reticulum">Usage with Reticulum</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#suppliers">Suppliers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#wifi-based-hardware">WiFi-based Hardware</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#combining-hardware-types">Combining Hardware Types</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ethernet-based-hardware">Ethernet-based Hardware</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#serial-lines-devices">Serial Lines &amp; Devices</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#packet-radio-modems">Packet Radio Modems</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
@ -499,7 +519,7 @@ connectivity for client devices.</p>
</aside>
</div>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=261083eb"></script>
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@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
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<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-7.1.2, furo 2022.09.29.dev1"/>
<title>Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</title>
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<title>Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</title>
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@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="#"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="#"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -272,6 +272,7 @@ to participate in the development of Reticulum itself.</p>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#included-utility-programs">Included Utility Programs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#the-rnsd-utility">The rnsd Utility</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#the-rnstatus-utility">The rnstatus Utility</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#the-rnid-utility">The rnid Utility</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#the-rnpath-utility">The rnpath Utility</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#the-rnprobe-utility">The rnprobe Utility</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="using.html#the-rncp-utility">The rncp Utility</a></li>
@ -315,16 +316,18 @@ to participate in the development of Reticulum itself.</p>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html">Communications Hardware</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#combining-hardware-types">Combining Hardware Types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode">RNode</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#creating-rnodes">Creating RNodes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#supported-boards">Supported Boards</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#installation">Installation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#usage-with-reticulum">Usage with Reticulum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#suppliers">Suppliers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#wifi-based-hardware">WiFi-based Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#combining-hardware-types">Combining Hardware Types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#ethernet-based-hardware">Ethernet-based Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#serial-lines-devices">Serial Lines &amp; Devices</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#packet-radio-modems">Packet Radio Modems</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html">Supported Interfaces</a><ul>
@ -464,7 +467,7 @@ to participate in the development of Reticulum itself.</p>
</aside>
</div>
</div><script data-url_root="./" id="documentation_options" src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=261083eb"></script>
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@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
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<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
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<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
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@ -527,6 +527,7 @@ can be used, and offers full control over LoRa parameters.</p>
<span class="c1"># out identification on the channel with</span>
<span class="c1"># a set interval by configuring the</span>
<span class="c1"># following two parameters.</span>
<span class="c1"># id_callsign = MYCALL-0</span>
<span class="c1"># id_interval = 600</span>
@ -534,7 +535,20 @@ can be used, and offers full control over LoRa parameters.</p>
<span class="c1"># with low amounts of RAM, using packet</span>
<span class="c1"># flow control can be useful. By default</span>
<span class="c1"># it is disabled.</span>
<span class="n">flow_control</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
<span class="c1"># flow_control = False</span>
<span class="c1"># It is possible to limit the airtime</span>
<span class="c1"># utilisation of an RNode by using the</span>
<span class="c1"># following two configuration options.</span>
<span class="c1"># The short-term limit is applied in a</span>
<span class="c1"># window of approximately 15 seconds,</span>
<span class="c1"># and the long-term limit is enforced</span>
<span class="c1"># over a rolling 60 minute window. Both</span>
<span class="c1"># options are specified in percent.</span>
<span class="c1"># airtime_limit_long = 1.5</span>
<span class="c1"># airtime_limit_short = 33</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
@ -1006,7 +1020,7 @@ that a large span of network types can seamlessly <em>co-exist</em> and intercon
</aside>
</div>
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@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
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<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
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@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/rns_logo_512.png" alt="Logo"/>
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<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
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@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ connected outliers are now an integral part of the network.</p>
</aside>
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@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
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<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
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@ -2013,7 +2013,7 @@ will announce it.</p>
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@ -354,10 +354,15 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<p>If Reticulum infrastructure already exists locally, you probably dont need to
change anything, and you may already be connected to a wider network. If not,
you will probably need to add relevant <em>interfaces</em> to the configuration, in
order to communicate with other systems. It is a good idea to read the comments
and explanations in the above default config. It will teach you the basic
concepts you need to understand to configure your network. Once you have done that,
take a look at the <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-main"><span class="std std-ref">Interfaces</span></a> chapter of this manual.</p>
order to communicate with other systems.</p>
<p>You can generate a much more verbose configuration example by running the command:</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span> <span class="pre">--exampleconfig</span></code></p>
<p>The output includes examples for most interface types supported
by Reticulum, along with additional options and configuration parameters.</p>
<p>It is a good idea to read the comments and explanations in the above default config.
It will teach you the basic concepts you need to understand to configure your network.
Once you have done that, take a look at the <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-main"><span class="std std-ref">Interfaces</span></a> chapter
of this manual.</p>
</section>
<section id="included-utility-programs">
<h2>Included Utility Programs<a class="headerlink" href="#included-utility-programs" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
@ -374,24 +379,27 @@ other programs, applications and services can utilise.</p>
When <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> is running, it will keep all configured interfaces open, handle transport if
it is enabled, and allow any other programs to immediately utilise the
Reticulum network it is configured for.</p>
<p>You can even run multiple instances of rnsd with different configurations on
<p>You can even run multiple instances of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> with different configurations on
the same system.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># Install Reticulum
pip3 install rns
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnsd
# Run rnsd
rnsd
[2023-08-18 17:59:56] [Notice] Started rnsd version 0.5.8
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnsd [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [--version]
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnsd.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [-s] [--exampleconfig] [--version]
Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
optional arguments:
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-v, --verbose
-q, --quiet
-s, --service rnsd is running as a service and should log to file
--exampleconfig print verbose configuration example to stdout and exit
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
</pre></div>
</div>
@ -401,10 +409,10 @@ optional arguments:
<h3>The rnstatus Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnstatus-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> utility, you can view the status of configured Reticulum
interfaces, similar to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ifconfig</span></code> program.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># Run rnstatus
rnstatus
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnstatus
# Example output
Shared Instance[37428]
Status : Up
Serving : 1 program
@ -438,38 +446,143 @@ RNodeInterface[RNode UHF]
Reticulum Transport Instance &lt;5245a8efe1788c6a1cd36144a270e13b&gt; running
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnstatus [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-v]
<p>Filter output to only show some interfaces:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnstatus rnode
RNodeInterface[RNode UHF]
Status : Up
Mode : Access Point
Rate : 1.30 kbps
Access : 64-bit IFAC by &lt;…e702c42ba8&gt;
Traffic : 8.49 KB↑
9.23 KB↓
Reticulum Transport Instance &lt;5245a8efe1788c6a1cd36144a270e13b&gt; running
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnstatus.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-j] [-v] [filter]
Reticulum Network Stack Status
optional arguments:
positional arguments:
filter only display interfaces with names including filter
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
-a, --all show all interfaces
-j, --json output in JSON format
-v, --verbose
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnid-utility">
<h3>The rnid Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnid-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>With the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnid</span></code> utility, you can generate, manage and view Reticulum Identities.
The program can also calculate Destination hashes, and perform encryption and
decryption of files.</p>
<p>Using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnid</span></code>, it is possible to asymmetrically encrypt files and information for
any Reticulum destination hash, and also to create and verify cryptographic signatures.</p>
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Generate a new Identity:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -g ./new_identity
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Display Identity key information:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -i ./new_identity -p
Loaded Identity &lt;984b74a3f768bef236af4371e6f248cd&gt; from new_id
Public Key : 0f4259fef4521ab75a3409e353fe9073eb10783b4912a6a9937c57bf44a62c1e
Private Key : Hidden
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Encrypt a file for an LXMF user:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -i 8dd57a738226809646089335a6b03695 -e my_file.txt
Recalled Identity &lt;bc7291552be7a58f361522990465165c&gt; for destination &lt;8dd57a738226809646089335a6b03695&gt;
Encrypting my_file.txt
File my_file.txt encrypted for &lt;bc7291552be7a58f361522990465165c&gt; to my_file.txt.rfe
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If the Identity for the destination is not already known, you can fetch it from the network by using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-R</span></code> command-line option:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -R -i 30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9 -e my_file.txt
Requesting unknown Identity for &lt;30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9&gt;...
Received Identity &lt;2b489d06eaf7c543808c76a5332a447d&gt; for destination &lt;30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9&gt; from the network
Encrypting my_file.txt
File my_file.txt encrypted for &lt;2b489d06eaf7c543808c76a5332a447d&gt; to my_file.txt.rfe
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Decrypt a file using the Reticulum Identity it was encrypted for:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -i ./my_identity -d my_file.txt.rfe
Loaded Identity &lt;2225fdeecaf6e2db4556c3c2d7637294&gt; from ./my_identity
Decrypting ./my_file.txt.rfe...
File ./my_file.txt.rfe decrypted with &lt;2225fdeecaf6e2db4556c3c2d7637294&gt; to ./my_file.txt
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnid.py [-h] [--config path] [-i identity] [-g path] [-v] [-q] [-a aspects]
[-H aspects] [-e path] [-d path] [-s path] [-V path] [-r path] [-w path]
[-f] [-R] [-t seconds] [-p] [-P] [--version]
Reticulum Identity &amp; Encryption Utility
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-i identity, --identity identity
hexadecimal Reticulum Destination hash or path to Identity file
-g path, --generate path
generate a new Identity
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
-a aspects, --announce aspects
announce a destination based on this Identity
-H aspects, --hash aspects
show destination hashes for other aspects for this Identity
-e path, --encrypt path
encrypt file
-d path, --decrypt path
decrypt file
-s path, --sign path sign file
-V path, --validate path
validate signature
-r path, --read path input file path
-w path, --write path
output file path
-f, --force write output even if it overwrites existing files
-R, --request request unknown Identities from the network
-t seconds identity request timeout before giving up
-p, --print-identity print identity info and exit
-P, --print-private allow displaying private keys
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnpath-utility">
<h3>The rnpath Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnpath-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>With the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code> utility, you can look up and view paths for
destinations on the Reticulum network.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># Run rnpath
rnpath c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Resolve path to a destination:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnpath c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806
# Example output
Path found, destination &lt;c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806&gt; is 4 hops away via &lt;f53a1c4278e0726bb73fcc623d6ce763&gt; on TCPInterface[Testnet/dublin.connect.reticulum.network:4965]
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnpath [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-r] [-d] [-D] [-w seconds] [-v] [destination]
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnpath.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-r] [-d] [-D]
[-w seconds] [-v] [destination]
Reticulum Path Discovery Utility
positional arguments:
destination hexadecimal hash of the destination
optional arguments:
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
@ -488,15 +601,16 @@ optional arguments:
to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ping</span></code> program. Please note that probes will only be answered if the
specified destination is configured to send proofs for received packets. Many
destinations will not have this option enabled, and will not be probable.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># Run rnprobe
rnprobe example_utilities.echo.request 2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Probe a destination:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnprobe example_utilities.echo.request 2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708
# Example output
Sent 16 byte probe to &lt;2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708&gt;
Valid reply received from &lt;2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708&gt;
Round-trip time is 38.469 milliseconds over 2 hops
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnprobe [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-v] [full_name] [destination_hash]
Reticulum Probe Utility
@ -517,16 +631,27 @@ optional arguments:
<h3>The rncp Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rncp-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rncp</span></code> utility is a simple file transfer tool. Using it, you can transfer
files through Reticulum.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># Run rncp on the receiving system, specifying which identities
# are allowed to send files
rncp --receive -a 1726dbad538775b5bf9b0ea25a4079c8 -a c50cc4e4f7838b6c31f60ab9032cbc62
# From another system, copy a file to the receiving system
rncp ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Run rncp on the receiving system, specifying which identities are allowed to send files:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp --listen -a 1726dbad538775b5bf9b0ea25a4079c8 -a c50cc4e4f7838b6c31f60ab9032cbc62
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can specify as many allowed senders as needed, or complete disable authentication.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rncp [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-r] [-b] [-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-w seconds] [--version] [file] [destination]
<p>You can also specify allowed identity hashes (one per line) in the file ~/.rncp/allowed_identities
and simply running the program in listener mode:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp --listen
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>From another system, copy a file to the receiving system:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Or fetch a file from the remote system:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp --fetch ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rncp.py [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-S] [-l] [-f] [-b seconds]
[-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-p] [-w seconds] [--version] [file] [destination]
Reticulum File Transfer Utility
@ -534,19 +659,20 @@ positional arguments:
file file to be transferred
destination hexadecimal hash of the receiver
optional arguments:
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
-r, --receive wait for incoming files
-b, --no-announce don&#39;t announce at program start
-S, --silent disable transfer progress output
-l, --listen listen for incoming transfer requests
-f, --fetch fetch file from remote listener instead of sending
-b seconds announce interval, 0 to only announce at startup
-a allowed_hash accept from this identity
-n, --no-auth accept files from anyone
-n, --no-auth accept files and fetches from anyone
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
-w seconds sender timeout before giving up
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
-v, --verbose
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
@ -554,27 +680,30 @@ optional arguments:
<h3>The rnx Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnx-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnx</span></code> utility is a basic remote command execution program. It allows you to
execute commands on remote systems over Reticulum, and to view returned command
output.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># Run rnx on the listening system, specifying which identities
# are allowed to execute commands
rnx --listen -a 941bed5e228775e5a8079fc38b1ccf3f -a 1b03013c25f1c2ca068a4f080b844a10
# From another system, run a command
rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 &quot;cat /proc/cpuinfo&quot;
# Or enter the interactive mode pseudo-shell
rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -x
# The default identity file is stored in
# ~/.reticulum/identities/rnx, but you can use
# another one, which will be created if it does
# not already exist
rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -i /path/to/identity -x
output. For a fully interactive remote shell solution, be sure to also take a look
at the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/acehoss/rnsh">rnsh</a> program.</p>
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
<p>Run rnx on the listening system, specifying which identities are allowed to execute commands:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx --listen -a 941bed5e228775e5a8079fc38b1ccf3f -a 1b03013c25f1c2ca068a4f080b844a10
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can specify as many allowed senders as needed, or completely disable authentication.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnx [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-l] [-i identity] [-x] [-b] [-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-N] [-d] [-m] [-w seconds] [-W seconds] [--stdin STDIN] [--stdout STDOUT] [--stderr STDERR] [--version]
[destination] [command]
<p>From another system, run a command on the remote:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 &quot;cat /proc/cpuinfo&quot;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Or enter the interactive mode pseudo-shell:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -x
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The default identity file is stored in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum/identities/rnx</span></code>, but you can use
another one, which will be created if it does not already exist</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -i /path/to/identity -x
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnx [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-l] [-i identity] [-x] [-b] [-n] [-N]
[-d] [-m] [-a allowed_hash] [-w seconds] [-W seconds] [--stdin STDIN]
[--stdout STDOUT] [--stderr STDERR] [--version] [destination] [command]
Reticulum Remote Execution Utility
@ -610,9 +739,16 @@ optional arguments:
<h3>The rnodeconf Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnodeconf-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnodeconf</span></code> utility allows you to inspect and configure existing <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNodes</span></a>, and
to create and provision new <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNodes</span></a> from any supported hardware devices.</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnodeconf [-h] [-i] [-a] [-u] [-U] [--fw-version version] [--nocheck] [-C] [-N] [-T] [-b] [-B] [-p] [--freq Hz] [--bw Hz] [--txp dBm] [--sf factor] [--cr rate] [--eeprom-backup] [--eeprom-dump] [--eeprom-wipe] [--version] [port]
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnodeconf.py [-h] [-i] [-a] [-u] [-U] [--fw-version version] [--nocheck] [-e]
[-E] [-C] [--baud-flash baud_flash] [-N] [-T] [-b] [-B] [-p] [-D i]
[--freq Hz] [--bw Hz] [--txp dBm] [--sf factor] [--cr rate]
[--eeprom-backup] [--eeprom-dump] [--eeprom-wipe] [-P]
[--trust-key hexbytes] [--version] [port]
RNode Configuration and firmware utility. This program allows you to change various settings and startup modes of RNode. It can also install, flash and update the firmware on supported devices.
RNode Configuration and firmware utility. This program allows you to change various
settings and startup modes of RNode. It can also install, flash and update the firmware
on supported devices.
positional arguments:
port serial port where RNode is attached
@ -628,11 +764,14 @@ options:
-e, --extract Extract firmware from connected RNode for later use
-E, --use-extracted Use the extracted firmware for autoinstallation or update
-C, --clear-cache Clear locally cached firmware files
--baud-flash baud_flash
Set specific baud rate when flashing device. Default is 921600
-N, --normal Switch device to normal mode
-T, --tnc Switch device to TNC mode
-b, --bluetooth-on Turn device bluetooth on
-B, --bluetooth-off Turn device bluetooth off
-p, --bluetooth-pair Put device into bluetooth pairing mode
-D i, --display i Set display intensity (0-255)
--freq Hz Frequency in Hz for TNC mode
--bw Hz Bandwidth in Hz for TNC mode
--txp dBm TX power in dBm for TNC mode
@ -641,6 +780,8 @@ options:
--eeprom-backup Backup EEPROM to file
--eeprom-dump Dump EEPROM to console
--eeprom-wipe Unlock and wipe EEPROM
-P, --public Display public part of signing key
--trust-key hexbytes Public key to trust for device verification
--version Print program version and exit
</pre></div>
</div>
@ -789,6 +930,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#included-utility-programs">Included Utility Programs</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnsd-utility">The rnsd Utility</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnstatus-utility">The rnstatus Utility</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnid-utility">The rnid Utility</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnpath-utility">The rnpath Utility</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnprobe-utility">The rnprobe Utility</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rncp-utility">The rncp Utility</a></li>
@ -812,7 +954,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target
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@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
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@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
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<div class="header-center">
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</div></a>
<a href="index.html"><div class="brand">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
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@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
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</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.7 beta documentation</span>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">Reticulum Network Stack 0.5.9 beta documentation</span>
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<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
@ -238,21 +238,21 @@ outside control, manipulation or censorship.</p>
networks, without any need for hierarchical or beaureucratic structures to control
or manage them, while ensuring individuals and communities full sovereignty
over their own network segments.</p>
<p>Reticulum is a complete networking stack, and does not need IP or higher
<p>Reticulum is a <strong>complete networking stack</strong>, and does not need IP or higher
layers, although it is easy to utilise IP (with TCP or UDP) as the underlying
carrier for Reticulum. It is therefore trivial to tunnel Reticulum over the
Internet or private IP networks. Reticulum is built directly on cryptographic
principles, allowing resilience and stable functionality in open and trustless
networks.</p>
<p>No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum runs completely in
userland, and can run on practically any system that runs Python 3. Reticulum
<p>No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum can run completely in
userland, and will run on practically any system that runs Python 3. Reticulum
runs well even on small single-board computers like the Pi Zero.</p>
<section id="current-status">
<h2>Current Status<a class="headerlink" href="#current-status" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p><strong>Please know!</strong> Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol
features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as
real-world use is explored. <em>There will be bugs</em>. The API and wire-format can be
considered stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted.</p>
considered complete and stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted.</p>
</section>
<section id="what-does-reticulum-offer">
<h2>What does Reticulum Offer?<a class="headerlink" href="#what-does-reticulum-offer" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ considered stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted.</p>
<li><p>An intuitive and developer-friendly API</p></li>
<li><p>Efficient link establishment</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 297 bytes</p></li>
<li><p>Total cost of setting up an encrypted and verified link is only 3 packets, totalling 297 bytes</p></li>
<li><p>Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.44 bits per second</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ want to help out with this, or can help sponsor an audit, please do get in touch
</aside>
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