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---
layout: doc
title: Upgrading the Fedora 25 Template to Fedora 26
permalink: /doc/template/fedora/upgrade-25-to-26/
redirect_from:
- /doc/fedora-template-upgrade-25/
- /en/doc/fedora-template-upgrade-25/
- /doc/FedoraTemplateUpgrade25/
- /wiki/FedoraTemplateUpgrade25/
---
Upgrading the Fedora 25 Template
================================
This instruction is about upgrading Fedora 25 to Fedora 26 template. The same
instructions can be used to upgrade Fedora 24 to Fedora 26 - simply start with
cloning fedora-24 instead of fedora-25.
Qubes 3.2: Main Instructions
----------------------------
### Summary: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 25 Template to Fedora 26 ###
**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-26`).
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-25 fedora-26
[user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-26 gnome-terminal
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block -A fedora-26 dom0:/var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=26 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync
(Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)
[user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-26
(Optional cleanup: Switch everything over to the new template and delete the old
one. See instructions below for details.)
### Detailed: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 25 Template to Fedora 26 ###
These instructions will show you how to upgrade the standard Fedora 25
TemplateVM to Fedora 26. The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any
template based on the standard Fedora 25 template.
**Note:** The command-line prompt on each line indicates where each command
should be entered (`@dom0` or `@fedora-26`).
1. Ensure the existing template is not running.
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-25
2. Clone the existing template and start a terminal in the new template.
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-25 fedora-26
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-26 gnome-terminal
3. Attempt the upgrade process in the new template.
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=26 distro-sync --best --allowerasing
**Note:** `dnf` might ask you to approve importing a new package signing
key. For example, you might see a prompt like this one:
warning: /var/cache/dnf/fedora-d02ca361e1b58501/packages/python2-babel-2.3.4-1.fc26.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA266 Signature, key ID 64dab85d: NOKEY
Importing GPG key 0x64DAB85D:
Userid : "Fedora (26) <fedora-26-primary@fedoraproject.org>"
Fingerprint: E641 850B 77DF 4353 78D1 D7E2 812A 6B4B 64DA B85D
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-26-x86_64
Is this ok [y/N]:
This key was already checked when it was installed (notice that the "From"
line refers to a location on your local disk), so you can safely say yes to
this prompt.
**Note:** If you encounter no errors, proceed to step 4. If you do encounter
errors, see the next two points first.
* If `dnf` reports that you do not have enough free disk space to proceed
with the upgrade process, create an empty file in dom0 to use as a cache
and attach it to the template as a virtual disk.
[user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block -A fedora-26 dom0:/var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
Then reattempt the upgrade process, but this time use the virtual disk
as a cache.
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=26 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync
If this attempt is successful, proceed to step 4.
* `dnf` may complain:
At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem.
In this case, one option is to [resize the TemplateVM's disk
image][resize-disk-image] before reattempting the upgrade process.
(See [Additional Information] below for other options.)
4. Shut down the new TemplateVM (from the command-line or Qubes VM Manager).
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-26
5. Remove the cache file, if you created one.
[user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
6. Trim the new template (see [Compacting the Upgraded Template] for details
and other options).
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-26
7. (Recommended) Switch everything that was set to the old template to the new
template, e.g.:
1. Make the new template the default template:
Qubes Manager --> Global settings --> Default template
2. Base AppVMs on the new template. In Qubes Manager, for each VM that is
currently based on `fedora-25` that you would like to base on
`fedora-26`, enter its VM settings and change the Template selection:
Qubes Manager --> (Select a VM) --> VM settings --> Template
3. Base the [DispVM] template on the new template.
If you have set the new template as your default template:
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-create-default-dvm --default-template
Otherwise:
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-create-default-dvm fedora-26
8. (Optional) Remove the old template. (Make sure to type `fedora-25`, not
`fedora-26`.)
[user@dom0 ~]$ sudo dnf remove qubes-template-fedora-25
### Compacting the Upgraded Template ###
Neither `fstrim` nor the `discard` mount option works on the TemplateVM's root
filesystem, so when a file is removed in the template, space is not freed in
dom0. This means that the template will use about twice as much space as is
really necessary after upgrading.
You can use the `qvm-trim-template` tool:
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-26
### Upgrading StandaloneVMs ###
The procedure for upgrading a StandaloneVM from Fedora 25 to Fedora 26 is the
same as for a TemplateVM, except that `qvm-trim-template` does not work on
StandaloneVMs. Instead, you should run the following command inside the
StandaloneVM in order to compact it:
$ sudo fstrim -v -a
Qubes 4.0: Main Instructions
----------------------------
### Summary: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 25 Template to Fedora 26 ###
**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-26`).
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-25 fedora-26
[user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-26 gnome-terminal
[user@dom0 ~]$ dev=$(sudo losetup -f --show /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img)
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block attach fedora-26 dom0:${dev##*/}
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=26 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo fstrim -v /
(Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)
[user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
(Optional cleanup: Switch everything over to the new template and delete the old
one. See instructions below for details.)
### Detailed: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 25 Template to Fedora 26 ###
These instructions will show you how to upgrade the standard Fedora 25
TemplateVM to Fedora 26. The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any
template based on the standard Fedora 25 template.
**Note:** The command-line prompt on each line indicates where each command
should be entered (`@dom0` or `@fedora-26`).
1. Ensure the existing template is not running.
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-25
2. Clone the existing template and start a terminal in the new template.
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-25 fedora-26
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-26 gnome-terminal
3. Attempt the upgrade process in the new template.
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=26 distro-sync --best --allowerasing
**Note:** `dnf` might ask you to approve importing a new package signing
key. For example, you might see a prompt like this one:
warning: /var/cache/dnf/fedora-d02ca361e1b58501/packages/python2-babel-2.3.4-1.fc26.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA266 Signature, key ID 64dab85d: NOKEY
Importing GPG key 0x64DAB85D:
Userid : "Fedora (26) <fedora-26-primary@fedoraproject.org>"
Fingerprint: E641 850B 77DF 4353 78D1 D7E2 812A 6B4B 64DA B85D
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-26-x86_64
Is this ok [y/N]:
This key was already checked when it was installed (notice that the "From"
line refers to a location on your local disk), so you can safely say yes to
this prompt.
**Note:** If you encounter no errors, proceed to step 4. If you do encounter
errors, see the next two points first.
* If `dnf` reports that you do not have enough free disk space to proceed
with the upgrade process, create an empty file in dom0 to use as a cache
and attach it to the template as a virtual disk.
[user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
[user@dom0 ~]$ dev=$(sudo losetup -f --show /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img)
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block attach fedora-26 dom0:${dev##*/}
Then reattempt the upgrade process, but this time use the virtual disk
as a cache.
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=26 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync
If this attempt is successful, proceed to step 4.
* `dnf` may complain:
At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem.
In this case, one option is to [resize the TemplateVM's disk
image][resize-disk-image] before reattempting the upgrade process.
(See [Additional Information] below for other options.)
4. Trim the new template.
[user@fedora-26 ~]$ sudo fstrim -v /
5. Shut down the new TemplateVM (from the command-line or Qubes VM Manager).
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-26
6. Remove the cache file, if you created one.
[user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
7. (Recommended) Switch everything that was set to the old template to the new
template, e.g.:
1. Make the new template the default template:
Applications Menu --> System Tools --> Qubes Global Settings --> Default template
2. Base AppVMs on the new template. In Qubes Manager, for each VM that is
currently based on `fedora-25` that you would like to base on
`fedora-26`, enter its VM settings and change the Template selection:
Applications Menu --> (select a VM) --> VM settings --> Template
3. Base the [DispVM] template on the new template.
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-create -l red -t fedora-26 fedora-26-dvm
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-prefs fedora-26-dvm template_for_dispvms True
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-features fedora-26-dvm appmenus-dispvm 1
[user@dom0 ~]$ qubes-prefs default-dispvm fedora-26-dvm
8. (Optional) Remove the old template. (Make sure to type `fedora-25`, not
`fedora-26`.)
[user@dom0 ~]$ sudo dnf remove qubes-template-fedora-25
### Upgrading StandaloneVMs ###
The procedure for upgrading a StandaloneVM from Fedora 25 to Fedora 26 is the
same as for a TemplateVM.
The Minimal Template
--------------------
### Summary: Upgrading the Minimal Fedora 25 Template to Fedora 26 ###
**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-26`).
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-25-minimal fedora-26-minimal
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -u root -a fedora-26-minimal xterm
[root@fedora-26-minimal ~]# dnf clean all
[user@fedora-26-minimal ~]# dnf --releasever=26 --best --allowerasing distro-sync
(Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)
[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-26-minimal
(If you encounter insufficient space issues, you may need to use the methods
described for the standard template above.)
### Differences Between the Standard and Minimal Upgrade Procedures ###
The procedure for upgrading the minimal template (or any template based on the
minimal template) is the same as the procedure for the standard template above,
**with the following exceptions**:
1. `gnome-terminal` is not installed by default. Unless you've installed it
(or another terminal emulator), use `xterm`. (Of course, you can also use
`xterm` for the standard template, if you prefer.)
2. `sudo` is not installed by default. Unless you've installed it, use
`qvm-run -u root -a fedora-26-minimal xterm` in dom0, as demonstrated above.
Additional Information
----------------------
As mentioned above, you may encounter the following `dnf` error:
At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem.
In this case, you have several options:
1. [Increase the TemplateVM's disk image size][resize-disk-image].
This is the solution mentioned in the main instructions above.
2. Delete files in order to free up space. One way to do this is by
uninstalling packages. You may then reinstalling them again after you
finish the upgrade process, if desired). However, you may end up having to
increase the disk image size anyway (see previous option).
3. Increase the `root.img` size with `qvm-grow-root`.
4. Do the upgrade in parts, e.g., by using package groups. (First upgrade
`@core` packages, then the rest.)
5. Do not perform an in-place upgrade. Instead, simply download and install a
new template package, then redo all desired template modifications.
With regard to the last option, here are some useful messages from the
mailing list which also apply to TemplateVM management and migration in
general:
* [Marek](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/mCXkxlACILQ/dS1jbLRP9n8J)
* [Jason M](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/mCXkxlACILQ/5PxDfI-RKAsJ)
[resize-disk-image]: /doc/resize-disk-image/
[Additional Information]: #additional-information
[Compacting the Upgraded Template]: #compacting-the-upgraded-template
[DispVM]: /doc/dispvm/