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esote 2018-12-02 10:38:11 -06:00
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managing-os/templates.md
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@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ redirect_from:
TemplateVMs TemplateVMs
=========== ===========
Every TemplateBasedVM in Qubes is, as the name implies, based on some TemplateVM. Every TemplateBasedVM in Qubes is, as the name implies, based on some TemplateVM.
The TemplateVM is where all the software available to TemplateBasedVMs is installed. The TemplateVM is where all the software available to TemplateBasedVMs is installed.
The default template is based on Fedora, but there are additional templates based on other Linux distributions. The default template is based on Fedora, but there are additional templates based on other Linux distributions.
There are also templates available with or without certain software preinstalled. There are also templates available with or without certain software preinstalled.
The concept of TemplateVMs is initially described [here](/getting-started/#appvms-qubes-and-templatevms). The concept of TemplateVMs is initially described [here](/getting-started/#appvms-qubes-and-templatevms).
The technical details of this implementation are described in the developer documentation [here](/doc/template-implementation/). The technical details of this implementation are described in the developer documentation [here](/doc/template-implementation/).
Some templates are available in ready-to-use binary form, but some of them are available only as source code, which can be built using the [Qubes Builder](/doc/qubes-builder/). Some templates are available in ready-to-use binary form, but some of them are available only as source code, which can be built using the [Qubes Builder](/doc/qubes-builder/).
@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Important Notes (R4.0)
is always independent from its parent TemplateVM's `/home`, which means that any is always independent from its parent TemplateVM's `/home`, which means that any
subsequent changes to the parent TemplateVM's `/home` will not affect subsequent changes to the parent TemplateVM's `/home` will not affect
the child TemplateBasedVM's `/home`. the child TemplateBasedVM's `/home`.
* Template VMs are created in a thin pool, making `qvm-trim-template` * Template VMs are created in a thin pool, making `qvm-trim-template`
no longer necessary. no longer necessary.
@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ Important Notes (R4.0)
|TemplateBasedVM (3) | `/etc/skel` to `/home`, `/usr/local.orig` to `/usr/local` | `/rw` (includes `/home`, `/usr/local` and `bind-dirs`) |TemplateBasedVM (3) | `/etc/skel` to `/home`, `/usr/local.orig` to `/usr/local` | `/rw` (includes `/home`, `/usr/local` and `bind-dirs`)
|DisposableVM | `/rw` (includes `/home`, `/usr/local` and `bind-dirs`) | Nothing |DisposableVM | `/rw` (includes `/home`, `/usr/local` and `bind-dirs`) | Nothing
(1) Upon creation (1) Upon creation
(2) Following shutdown (2) Following shutdown
(3) Including [DVM Templates](/doc/dispvm/#disposable-vms-and-networking-r40-and-later) (3) Including [DVM Templates](/doc/dispvm/#disposable-vms-and-networking-r40-and-later)
Important Notes (R3.2 and earlier) Important Notes (R3.2 and earlier)
@ -151,14 +151,14 @@ Important Notes (R3.2 and earlier)
is independent from its parent TemplateVM's `/home`, which means that any is independent from its parent TemplateVM's `/home`, which means that any
subsequent changes to the parent TemplateVM's `/home` will no longer affect subsequent changes to the parent TemplateVM's `/home` will no longer affect
the child TemplateBasedVM's `/home`. the child TemplateBasedVM's `/home`.
* Template VMs can occupy more space on the dom0 filesystem than necessary * Template VMs can occupy more space on the dom0 filesystem than necessary
because they cannot employ automatic TRIM/discard on the root fs. The because they cannot employ automatic TRIM/discard on the root fs. The
`qvm-trim-template` command in dom0 is used to recover this unused space. `qvm-trim-template` command in dom0 is used to recover this unused space.
Conversely, the root filesystems in Standalone VMs *can* employ Conversely, the root filesystems in Standalone VMs *can* employ
TRIM/discard on the root fs using normal tools and configuration options. TRIM/discard on the root fs using normal tools and configuration options.
Important Notes (all versions) Important Notes (all versions)
--------------- ---------------
@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ Important Notes (all versions)
* Standalone VMs using Template VMs as a basis can be created easily. These * Standalone VMs using Template VMs as a basis can be created easily. These
VMs receive a *copy* of the operating system and do not get automatically VMs receive a *copy* of the operating system and do not get automatically
updated when Template VMs are updated--they must be updated individually. updated when Template VMs are updated--they must be updated individually.
* On XFCE based Dom0, a manual action may be required to remove the "Start Menu" * On XFCE based Dom0, a manual action may be required to remove the "Start Menu"
sub-menu of the removed TemplateVM. For example, to remove a dangling sub-menu sub-menu of the removed TemplateVM. For example, to remove a dangling sub-menu
for a removed "fedora-25" template, open a Dom0 Terminal and type: for a removed "fedora-25" template, open a Dom0 Terminal and type:
@ -191,5 +191,5 @@ Important Notes (all versions)
$ rm ~/.local/share/applications/fedora-25-* $ rm ~/.local/share/applications/fedora-25-*
Just make sure there are no other TemplateVMs whose names start with "fedora-25" Just make sure there are no other TemplateVMs whose names start with "fedora-25"
or else their menu items will be removed too. or else their menu items will be removed too.