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---
lang: en
layout: doc
permalink: /doc/upgrade/4.1/
title: How to upgrade to Qubes 4.1
---
This page explains how to perform an in-place upgrade from Qubes 4.0 to Qubes
4.1. It is not possible to upgrade directly from releases earlier than 4.0. If
you're still on an earlier release, please either perform a [clean installation
of 4.1](#clean-installation) or [upgrade to 4.0](/doc/upgrade/4.0/) first.
## Back up
Before attempting either an in-place upgrade or a clean installation, we
strongly recommend that you first [back up your
system](/doc/how-to-back-up-restore-and-migrate/).
## Clean installation
If you would prefer to perform a clean installation rather than upgrading
in-place:
1. Create a
[backup](/doc/how-to-back-up-restore-and-migrate/#creating-a-backup) of your
current installation.
2. Follow the [installation guide](/doc/installation-guide/) to install Qubes
4.1.
3. [Restore from your
backup](/doc/how-to-back-up-restore-and-migrate/#restoring-from-a-backup) on
your new 4.1 installation.
## In-place upgrade
The upgrade may take several hours, and will download several gigabytes of
data.
In place upgrade is a complex operation. For this reason, we provide a
`qubes-dist-upgrade` tool to handle all the necessary steps automatically. You
can install it with the following command in the dom0 terminal:
sudo qubes-dom0-update -y qubes-dist-upgrade
The upgrade consists of 7 stages - 6 before restarting the system - marked as
"STAGE 0" through "STAGE 6" in the options list below. And the 7th stage is
rebuilding the applications and features list - started with a
`--resync-appmenus-features` option.
Full list of options can be obtained with `qubes-dist-upgrade --help`:
Usage: qubes-dist-upgrade [OPTIONS]...
This script is used for updating current QubesOS R4.0 to R4.1.
Options:
--double-metadata-size, -d (STAGE 0) Double current LVM thin pool metadata size.
--update, -t (STAGE 1) Update of dom0, TemplatesVM and StandaloneVM.
--template-standalone-upgrade, -l (STAGE 2) Upgrade templates and standalone VMs to R4.1 repository.
--release-upgrade, -r (STAGE 3) Update 'qubes-release' for Qubes R4.1.
--dist-upgrade, -s (STAGE 4) Upgrade to Qubes R4.1 and Fedora 32 repositories.
--setup-efi-grub, -g (STAGE 5) Setup EFI Grub.
--all, -a Execute all the above stages in one call.
--assumeyes, -y Automatically answer yes for all questions.
--usbvm, -u Current UsbVM defined (default 'sys-usb').
--netvm, -n Current NetVM defined (default 'sys-net').
--updatevm, -f Current UpdateVM defined (default 'sys-firewall').
--skip-template-upgrade, -j Don't upgrade TemplateVM to R4.1 repositories.
--skip-standalone-upgrade, -k Don't upgrade StandaloneVM to R4.1 repositories.
--only-update Apply STAGE 0, 2 and resync appmenus only to
selected qubes (coma separated list).
--keep-running List of extra VMs to keep running during update (coma separated list).
Can be useful if multiple updates proxy VMs are configured.
--max-concurrency How many TemplateVM/StandaloneVM to update in parallel in STAGE 1
(default 4).
--resync-appmenus-features Resync applications and features. To be ran individually
after reboot.
After installing the tool, upgrade can be performed all at once with:
sudo qubes-dist-upgrade --all
Optionally, an `--assumeyes` (or `-y`) option can be used to automatically
accept all the actions without confirmation.
Alternatively, each upgrade stage can be started separately (see the list of
options above).
After completing "STAGE 0" through "STAGE 6", restart the system. Then perform
the final step:
sudo qubes-dist-upgrade --resync-appmenus-features
When this completes, you can start using Qubes OS 4.1.
### Known issues
1. The script does not convert LUKS1 to LUKS2 disk encryption format (fresh
Qubes 4.1 install uses LUKS2 for disk encryption, while earlier versions use
LUKS1).
2. Early Qubes 4.0 pre-releases (before R4.0-rc2) made `/boot/efi` partition
only 200MB, which is too small for R4.1. In case of such partition layout,
clean installation is necessary.
3. If user has created some custom qrexec policy entries, they may not be
correctly handled in R4.1, resulting in denying all the calls. It is advised
to verify if there are not qrexec policy errors in the log after the system
restart - using `journalctl -b` command.
If any early upgrade stage fails, the `qubes-dist-upgrade` tool will try to
restore previous system state. After fixing an issue, the tool can be started
again, to retry the operation. If a later stage (number 3 or later) fails, the
tool may not be able to rollback the changes. But it may still be possible to
retry the upgrade.
## Update
After upgrading or performing a clean installation, we strongly recommend
[updating your system](/doc/how-to-update/).

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These guides are for upgrading from one version of Qubes to another.
If you're just looking to update your system while staying on the same version,
see [How to Update](/doc/how-to-update/).
see [how to update](/doc/how-to-update/).
* [Upgrading from R1 to R2 Beta 1](/doc/upgrade-to-r2b1/)
* [Upgrading from R1 to R2 Beta 2](/doc/upgrade-to-r2b2/)
* [Upgrading from R2 Beta 2 to R2 Beta 3](/doc/upgrade-to-r2b3/)
* [Upgrading from R2 Beta 3 to R2](/doc/upgrade-to-r2/)
* [Upgrading from R2 to R3.0](/doc/upgrade-to-r3.0/)
* [Upgrading from R3.0 to R3.1](/doc/upgrade-to-r3.1/)
* [Upgrading from R3.1 to R3.2](/doc/upgrade-to-r3.2/)
* [Upgrading from R3.2 to R4.0](/doc/upgrade-to-r4.0/)
* [Upgrade from 1 to 2 Beta 1](/doc/upgrade/2b1/)
* [Upgrade from 1 to 2 Beta 2](/doc/upgrade/2b2/)
* [Upgrade from 2 Beta 2 to 2 Beta 3](/doc/upgrade/2b3/)
* [Upgrade from 2 Beta 3 to 2](/doc/upgrade/2/)
* [Upgrade from 2 to 3.0](/doc/upgrade/3.0/)
* [Upgrade from 3.0 to 3.1](/doc/upgrade/3.1/)
* [Upgrade from 3.1 to 3.2](/doc/upgrade/3.2/)
* [Upgrade from 3.2 to 4.0](/doc/upgrade/4.0/)
* [Upgrade from 4.0 to 4.1](/doc/upgrade/4.1/)