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Andrew David Wong
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troubleshooting/macbook.md
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troubleshooting/macbook.md
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---
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layout: doc
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title: Apple MacBook Troubleshooting
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permalink: /doc/macbook/
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---
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Apple MacBook Troubleshooting
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=============================
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MacBook Air 13" mid 2011 (MacBookAir 4,2)
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-----------------------------------------
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In this section, I explain how to install Qubes on a MacBook Air 13" mid 2011
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(MacBookAir 4,2).
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This model has the following features:
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* Dual Intel i7-2677M 1.80 Ghz CPU (2 dual cores)
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* Intel HD Graphics 3000
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* 4Gb RAM
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* 256Gb SDD
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* Broadcom BCM43224 802.11 a/b/g/n wifi and Bluetooth adapter
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* Intel DSL2310 Thunderbolt controller
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* It has 1 DVI/Thunderbolt display port, 2 USB2.0 ports, a Magsafe power
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adapter, a standard 3.5mm audio jack and SD reader.
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I first tried to install Qubes using the UEFI boot, but it failed. Not wanting
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to waste too much time, I quickly opted for the legacy BIOS install.
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### 1. Boot from Mac OS X (or Internet Recovery Image with `CMD`+`R` during bootup)
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Run in a terminal [[1]]:
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~~~
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# diskutil list
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(find your usb device)
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# bless –device /dev/diskX –legacy –setBoot –nextonly # bless the disk not the partition
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# reboot
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~~~
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Insert your Qubes 3.2 USB flash drive. The ISOLINUX boot screen should come up.
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Install Qubes normally.
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If you try to boot Qubes now, it will freeze while "setting up networking." You
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need to put the Broadcom wireless device into PCI passtrough [[2],[3]]. Or, as
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an alternative [remove it from your Mac][bluetooth-replacement] and Qubes will
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boot up smoothly. If you choose to remove the card, jump to step 3.
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### 2. Boot from Mac OS X again
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Run in a terminal:
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~~~
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# diskutil list
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(find your usb device)
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# bless –device /dev/diskX –legacy –setBoot –nextonly # bless the disk not the partition
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# reboot
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~~~
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Insert your Qubes 3.2 USB flash drive. The ISOLINUX boot screen should come up.
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Select Troubleshooting and Boot the Rescue image. Enter your disk password when
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prompted. Select continue and after mounting the HD filesystem and launching a
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shell, `chroot` as instructed.
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Then find your Bluetooth card:
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~~~
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# lspci
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..
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02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n (rev 01)
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…
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# qvm-pci -a sys-net 02:00.0 # this assigns the device to sys-net VM
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~~~
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Then create `/etc/systemd/system/qubes-pre-netvm.service` with:
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~~~
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[Unit]
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Description=Netvm fix for Broadcom
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Before=qubes-netvm.service
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[Service]
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ExecStart=/bin/sh -c 'echo 02:00.0 > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pciback/permissive'
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Type=oneshot
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RemainAfterExit=yes
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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~~~
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Run:
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~~~
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systemctl enable qubes-pre-netvm.service
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~~~
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And that's it.
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### 3. After reboot, boot Mac OS X again
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Run in a terminal:
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~~~
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# diskutil list
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(find the HD device where you installed Qubes)
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# bless –device /dev/diskX –legacy –setBoot # bless the disk not the partition
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# reboot
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~~~
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Results:
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* System booted and running smoothly
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* Youtube video: OK (including full screen after configuration)
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* Trackpad: OK
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* Audio control: OK
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* Brightness control: OK
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* Keyboard light control:OK
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* SD card access: OK (tested at dom0)
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* Lid-close suspend: OK
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* Wifi: +10%-20% ICMP packet loss when comparing with OSX (have similar rates
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with tails Linux, more tests are required)
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### References
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1. <https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/794>
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2. <https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/1261>
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3. <https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/assigning-devices/>
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[1]: https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/794
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[2]: https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/1261
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[3]: https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/assigning-devices/
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[bluetooth-replacement]: https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/MacBook+Air+13-Inch+Mid+2011+AirPort-Bluetooth+Card+Replacement/6360
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@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
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After browsing through multiple posts, I finally was able to install Qubes on a MacBook Air 13” mid 2011 (MacBookAir 4,2). I’m just sharing this, so ppl don’t need to read through multiple forums to understand how to do it.
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This model is features with:
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* Dual Intel i7-2677M 1.80 Ghz CPU (2 dual cores);
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* Intel HD Graphics 3000;
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* 4Gb RAM;
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* 256Gb SDD;
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* Broadcom BCM43224 802.11 a/b/g/n wifi and Bluetooth adapter;
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* Intel DSL2310 Thunderbolt controller;
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* It has 1 DVI/Thunderbolt display port, 2 USB2.0 ports, a Magsafe power adapter, a standard 3.5mm audio jack and SD reader.
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First try to install Qubes using the UEFI boot failed, and not wanting to waste too much time, I quickly opted for the legacy BIOS install.
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###1. Boot from MacOSX (or Internet Recovery Image with CMD+R during bootup).
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Run Terminal application as root [1]:
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~~~
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# diskutil list
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(find your usb device)
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# bless –device /dev/diskX –legacy –setBoot –nextonly # bless the disk not the partition
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# reboot
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~~~
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Insert Qubes 3.2 USB flash:
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ISOLINUX boot screen should come up.
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Install Qubes normaly
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If you try to boot Qubes now, it will freeze while “setting up networking”. You need to put the Broadcom wireless device into PCI passtrough [2,3]. Or, as an alternative remove it from your mac (https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/MacBook+Air+13-Inch+Mid+2011+AirPort-Bluetooth+Card+Replacement/6360) and Qubes will boot up smoothly.
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If you choose to remove the card jump to step 3.
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###2. Boot from MacOSX, again.
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~~~
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Run Terminal application as root:
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# diskutil list
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(find your usb device)
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# bless –device /dev/diskX –legacy –setBoot –nextonly # bless the disk not the partition
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# reboot
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~~~
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Insert Qubes 3.2 USB flash:
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ISOLINUX boot screen should come up.
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Select Troubleshooting and Boot the Rescue image; insert disk password when prompted; select continue and after mounting the HD filesystem, launching a shell, chroot as instructed.
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Then:
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a) Find your Bluetooth card:
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~~~
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# lspci
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..
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02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n (rev 01)
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…
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# qvm-pci -a sys-net 02:00.0 # this assigns the device to sys-net VM
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~~~
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then create Create /etc/systemd/system/qubes-pre-netvm.service
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with:
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~~~
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[Unit]
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Description=Netvm fix for Broadcom
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Before=qubes-netvm.service
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[Service]
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ExecStart=/bin/sh -c 'echo 02:00.0 > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pciback/permissive'
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Type=oneshot
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RemainAfterExit=yes
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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~~~
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Run:
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~~~
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systemctl enable qubes-pre-netvm.service
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~~~
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And that’s it.
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###3. After reboot, boot MacOSX, again.
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Run Terminal application as root:
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~~~
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# diskutil list
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(find the HD device where you installed Qubes)
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# bless –device /dev/diskX –legacy –setBoot # bless the disk not the partition
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# reboot
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~~~
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Results:
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* System booted and running smoothly.
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* Youtube video: OK (including full screen after configuration)
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* Trackpad: OK
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* Audio control: OK
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* Brightness control: OK
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* Keyboard light control:OK
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* SD card access: OK (tested at dom0)
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* Lid-close suspend: OK
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* Wifi: +10%-20% ICMP packet loss when comparing with OSX (have similar rates with tails Linux, more tests are required)
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References: [1] https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/794 ; [2] https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/1261 ;
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[3] https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/assigning-devices/ ;
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