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Improve languge, syntax, and formatting; add link; wrap text
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Andrew David Wong
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@ -15,18 +15,31 @@ title: How to upgrade a Debian template in-place
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<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
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<i class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle"></i>
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<b>Warning:</b> This page is intended for advanced users only. Most users seeking to upgrade should instead <a href="/doc/templates/debian/#installing">install a new Debian template</a>. Learn more about the two options <a href="/doc/templates/debian/#upgrading">here</a>.
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<b>Warning:</b> This page is intended for advanced users only. Most users
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seeking to upgrade should instead <a
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href="/doc/templates/debian/#installing">install a new Debian template</a>.
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Learn more about the two options <a
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href="/doc/templates/debian/#upgrading">here</a>.
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</div>
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This page provides instructions for performing an in-place upgrade of an installed [Debian Template](/doc/templates/debian/).
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If you wish to install a new, unmodified Debian template instead of upgrading a template that is already installed in your system, please see the [Debian Template](/doc/templates/debian/) page instead. ([Learn more about the two options.](/doc/templates/debian/#upgrading))
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In general, upgrading a Debian template follows the same process as [upgrading a native Debian system](https://wiki.debian.org/DebianUpgrade).
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This page provides instructions for performing an in-place upgrade of an
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installed [Debian Template](/doc/templates/debian/). If you wish to install a
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new, unmodified Debian template instead of upgrading a template that is already
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installed in your system, please see the [Debian
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Template](/doc/templates/debian/) page instead. ([Learn more about the two
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options.](/doc/templates/debian/#upgrading)) In general, upgrading a Debian
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template follows the same process as [upgrading a native Debian
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system](https://wiki.debian.org/DebianUpgrade).
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## Summary instructions for Debian templates
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**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered: `dom0`, `debian-<old>`, or `debian-<new>`, where `<old>` is the Debian version number *from* which you are upgrading, and `<new>` is the Debian version number *to* which you are upgrading. When upgrading from `buster` to `bullseye` please see the [release specific notes](/doc/template/debian/upgrade/#release-specific-notes).
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**Important:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be
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entered: `dom0`, `debian-<old>`, or `debian-<new>`, where `<old>` is the Debian
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version number *from* which you are upgrading, and `<new>` is the Debian
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version number *to* which you are upgrading. The instructions may differ for
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certain releases. See [release-specific notes](#release-specific-notes) for any
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instructions specific to your particular release.
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone debian-<old> debian-<new>
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@ -43,72 +56,80 @@ In general, upgrading a Debian template follows the same process as [upgrading a
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## Detailed instructions for Debian templates
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These instructions will show you how to upgrade Debian templates.
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The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any template based on the standard Debian template.
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These instructions will show you how to upgrade Debian templates. The same
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general procedure may be used to upgrade any template based on the standard
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Debian template.
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**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered: `dom0`, `debian-<old>`, or `debian-<new>`, where `<old>` is the Debian version number *from* which you are upgrading, and `<new>` is the Debian version number *to* which you are upgrading.
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**Important:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be
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entered: `dom0`, `debian-<old>`, or `debian-<new>`, where `<old>` is the Debian
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version number *from* which you are upgrading, and `<new>` is the Debian
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version number *to* which you are upgrading. The instructions may differ for
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certain releases. See [release-specific notes](#release-specific-notes) for any
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instructions specific to your particular release.
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1. Ensure the existing template is not running.
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown debian-<old>
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```
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown debian-<old>
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```
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2. Clone the existing template and start a terminal in the new template.
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone debian-<old> debian-<new>
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a debian-<new> gnome-terminal
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```
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone debian-<old> debian-<new>
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a debian-<new> gnome-terminal
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```
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3. Update your `apt` repositories to use the new release's code name instead of the old release's code name.
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(This can be done manually with a text editor, but `sed` can be used to automatically update the files.)
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3. Update your `apt` repositories to use the new release's code name instead of
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the old release's code name. (This can be done manually with a text editor,
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but `sed` can be used to automatically update the files.)
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo sed -i 's/<old-name>/<new-name>/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo sed -i 's/<old-name>/<new-name>/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes-r4.list
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```
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo sed -i 's/<old-name>/<new-name>/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo sed -i 's/<old-name>/<new-name>/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes-r4.list
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```
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4. Update the package lists and upgrade.
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During the process, it may prompt you to overwrite the file `qubes-r4.list`.
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You should overwrite this file.
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4. Update the package lists and upgrade. During the process, it may prompt you
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to overwrite the file `qubes-r4.list`. You should overwrite this file.
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt update
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt upgrade
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt dist-upgrade
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```
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt update
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt upgrade
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt dist-upgrade
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```
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5. (Optional) Remove unnecessary packages that were previously installed.
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt-get autoremove
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```
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt-get autoremove
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```
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6. (Optional) Clean cached packages from `/var/cache/apt`.
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt-get clean
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```
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo apt-get clean
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```
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7. (Optional) Trim the new template.
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(This should [no longer be necessary](/doc/templates/#important-notes), but it does not hurt.
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Some users have [reported](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/5055) that it makes a difference.)
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7. (Optional) Trim the new template. (This should [no longer be
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necessary](/doc/templates/#important-notes), but it does not hurt. Some
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users have [reported](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/5055)
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that it makes a difference.)
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo fstrim -av
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown debian-<new>
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-start debian-<new>
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo fstrim -av
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```
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```
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo fstrim -av
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown debian-<new>
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-start debian-<new>
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[user@debian-<new> ~]$ sudo fstrim -av
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```
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8. Shut down the new template.
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown debian-<new>
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```
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown debian-<new>
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```
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9. (Recommended) [Switch everything that was set to the old template to the new template.](/doc/templates/#switching)
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9. (Recommended) [Switch everything that was set to the old template to the new
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template.](/doc/templates/#switching)
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10. (Optional) Make the new template the global default.
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@ -116,12 +137,13 @@ The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any template based on the stan
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qubes-prefs --set debian-<new>
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```
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11. (Optional) [Uninstall the old template.](/doc/templates/#uninstalling)
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Make sure that the template you're uninstalling is the old one, not the new one!
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11. (Optional) [Uninstall the old template.](/doc/templates/#uninstalling) Make
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sure that the template you're uninstalling is the old one, not the new one!
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## Standalones
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The procedure for upgrading a Debian [standalone](/doc/standalone-and-hvm/) is the same as for a template.
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The procedure for upgrading a Debian [standalone](/doc/standalone-and-hvm/) is
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the same as for a template.
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## Release-specific notes
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@ -129,9 +151,16 @@ This section contains notes about upgrading to specific releases.
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### Debian 11 ("Bullseye")
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Please see [Debian's Bullseye upgrade instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html). In particular: for APT source lines referencing the security archive, the format has changed slightly along with the release name, going from buster/updates to bullseye-security; see [Section 5.1.2, “Changed security archive layout”](https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/mips64el/release-notes/ch-information.en.html#security-archive).
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Please see [Debian's Bullseye upgrade
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instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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In particular: for APT source lines referencing the security archive, the
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format has changed slightly along with the release name, going from
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buster/updates to bullseye-security; see [Section 5.1.2, “Changed security
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archive
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layout”](https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/mips64el/release-notes/ch-information.en.html#security-archive).
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This means that when upgrading from `buster` to `bullseye` an additional `sed` command is required:
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This means that, when upgrading from Buster to Bullseye, an additional `sed`
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command is required:
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```
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[user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone debian-10 debian-11
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@ -147,18 +176,24 @@ This means that when upgrading from `buster` to `bullseye` an additional `sed` c
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### Debian 10 ("Buster")
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Please see [Debian's Buster upgrade instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/buster/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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Please see [Debian's Buster upgrade
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instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/buster/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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### Debian 9 ("Stretch")
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* The upgrade process may prompt you to overwrite two files: `qubes-r4.list` and `pulse/client.conf`.
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`qubes-r4.list` can be overwritten, but `pulse/client.conf` must be left as the currently-installed version.
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* The upgrade process may prompt you to overwrite two files: `qubes-r4.list`
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and `pulse/client.conf`. `qubes-r4.list` can be overwritten, but
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`pulse/client.conf` must be left as the currently-installed version.
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* If sound is not working, you may need to enable the Qubes testing repository to get the testing version of `qubes-gui-agent`.
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This can be done by editing the `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes-r4.list` file and uncommenting the `Qubes Updates Candidates` repo.
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* If sound is not working, you may need to enable the Qubes testing repository
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to get the testing version of `qubes-gui-agent`. This can be done by editing
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the `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes-r4.list` file and uncommenting the `Qubes
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Updates Candidates` repo.
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* User-initiated updates/upgrades may not run when a template first starts.
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This is due to a new Debian config setting that attempts to update automatically; it should be disabled with `sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.{service,timer}`.
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This is due to a new Debian config setting that attempts to update
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automatically; it should be disabled with `sudo systemctl disable
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apt-daily.{service,timer}`.
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Relevant discussions:
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@ -167,20 +202,29 @@ Relevant discussions:
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* [Fixing sound in Debian Stretch](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/qubes-users/JddCE54GFiU)
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* [User apt commands blocked on startup](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/2621)
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Also see [Debian's Stretch upgrade instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/stretch/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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Also see [Debian's Stretch upgrade
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instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/stretch/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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### Debian 8 ("Jessie")
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Please see [Debian's Jessie upgrade instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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Please see [Debian's Jessie upgrade
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instructions](https://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html).
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### End-of-life (EOL) releases
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We strongly recommend against using any Debian release that has reached [end-of-life (EOL)](https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases#Production_Releases).
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We strongly recommend against using any Debian release that has reached
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[end-of-life
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(EOL)](https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases#Production_Releases).
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## Additional information
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* Please note that, if you installed packages from one of the testing repositories, you must make sure that the repository is enabled in `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes-r4.list` before attempting the upgrade.
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Otherwise, your upgrade will [break](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/2418).
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* Please note that, if you installed packages from one of the
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[testing](/doc/testing/) repositories, you must make sure that the repository
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is enabled in `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes-r4.list` before attempting the
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upgrade. Otherwise, your upgrade will
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[break](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/2418).
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* By default, Qubes uses code names in the `apt` sources files, although the templates are referred to by release number.
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Check the code names for the templates, and ensure you are aware of any changes you have made in the repository definitions.
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* By default, Qubes uses code names in the `apt` sources files, although the
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templates are referred to by release number. Check the code names for the
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templates, and ensure you are aware of any changes you have made in the
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repository definitions.
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