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Update hardware-related docs
- Add links to "just works" list - Improve organization - Standardize orthography - Wrap text - Remove very old ML link - Minor wording improvements
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Andrew David Wong
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@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ We aim for these vendors to be as diverse as possible in terms of geography, cos
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We take no responsibility for any vendor's manufacturing, shipping, payment, or other practices; nor can we control whether physical hardware is modified (whether maliciously or otherwise) <i>en route</i> to the user.
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</div>
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There are also other hardware models on which we have tested Qubes OS.
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See [Hardware Testing](/doc/hardware-testing/) for details.
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You may also be interested in the community-curated list of [laptops that "just work" with Qubes OS](https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/laptops-that-just-work-with-qubes-os-r4-0-4/5560).
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## Qubes-certified Laptops
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@ -6,35 +6,48 @@ ref: 145
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title: Hardware testing
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---
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The Qubes developers test Qubes OS on certain hardware models.
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The tested hardware described on this page differs from [Qubes Certified Hardware](/doc/certified-hardware/) in a few key ways:
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The Qubes developers test Qubes OS on certain hardware models. The tested
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hardware described on this page differs from [certified
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hardware](/doc/certified-hardware/) in a few key ways:
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- Qubes Certified Hardware has to meet more demanding standards than hardware that is merely tested.
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- All Qubes Certified Hardware is tested, but not all tested hardware is certified.
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- A specific certified configuration is guaranteed to be supported on specific versions of Qubes OS, whereas hardware testing provides no guarantees.
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- Certified hardware has to meet more demanding standards than hardware that is
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merely tested.
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- All certified hardware is tested, but not all tested hardware is certified.
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- A specific certified configuration is guaranteed to be supported on specific
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versions of Qubes OS, whereas hardware testing provides no guarantees.
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In general, you can think of tested hardware as "unofficial recommended" hardware:
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In general, you can think of tested hardware as "unofficial recommended"
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hardware. Here's an overview of the various hardware lists:
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- [Qubes Certified Hardware](/doc/certified-hardware/) --- Qubes developer certified, officially recommended
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- Hardware Testing (this page) --- Qubes developer tested, unofficially recommended
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- [Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)](/hcl/) --- community test results, neither recommended nor disrecommended
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- ["Just works" for R4.0.4](https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/laptops-that-just-work-with-qubes-os-r4-0-4/5560) --- compiled & recommended by community members (unofficial)
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- [Certified hardware](/doc/certified-hardware/) --- Qubes developer certified,
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officially recommended
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- Hardware testing (this page) --- Qubes developer tested, unofficially
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recommended
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- [Laptops that "just work" with Qubes
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OS](https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/laptops-that-just-work-with-qubes-os-r4-0-4/5560)
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--- community-curated list, unofficially recommended
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- [Hardware compatibility list (HCL)](/hcl/) --- community test results,
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neither recommended nor disrecommended
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## Tested Models
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These hardware models have been (and continue to be) tested and work well with Qubes OS:
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These hardware models have been (and continue to be) tested and work well with
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Qubes OS:
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- Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 5 (i7-7600U)
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- Lenovo ThinkPad x230 (i7-3520M)
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Note: The Lenovo X and T series are similar enough to assume similar compatibility of the matching model from the other series.
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Note: The Lenovo X and T series are similar enough to assume similar
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compatibility of the matching model from the other series.
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## Desired Models
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The Qubes devs would like to test these models, but the hardware is not available to us.
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If anyone is willing to lend or donate these models to us, we would be happy to test them:
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The Qubes devs would like to test these models, but the hardware is not
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available to us. If anyone is willing to lend or donate these models to us, we
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would be happy to test them:
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- Lenovo Thinkpad T or X series with Intel 8th Gen CPU and integrated graphics
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- Dell Latitude with Intel 8th Gen CPU and integrated graphics
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Note: The Lenovo X and T series are similar enough to assume similar compatibility of the matching model from the other series.
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Note: The Lenovo X and T series are similar enough to assume similar
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compatibility of the matching model from the other series.
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@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ redirect_from:
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- /wiki/HCLR1/
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- /wiki/HCL-R2B2/
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ref: 143
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title: Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)
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title: Hardware compatibility list (HCL)
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---
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@ -13,14 +13,12 @@ title: System requirements
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<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
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<i class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle"></i>
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<b>Notice:</b>
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The system requirements on this page are <em>necessary, but not
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sufficient,</em> for Qubes compatibility at a minimal or recommended level.
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In other words, just because a computer satisfies these requirements doesn't
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mean that Qubes will successfully install and run on it. We strongly
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recommend consulting the <a href="/hcl/">Hardware Compatibility List</a> to
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verify that Qubes can install and run on your specific model in the ways you
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need it to.
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<b>Notice:</b> The system requirements on this page are <em>necessary, but
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not sufficient,</em> for Qubes compatibility at a minimal or recommended
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level. In other words, just because a computer satisfies these requirements
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doesn't mean that Qubes will successfully install and run on it. We strongly
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recommend consulting the <a href="#choosing-hardware">resources below</a>
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when selecting hardware for Qubes.
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</div>
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## Minimum
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@ -52,20 +50,28 @@ title: System requirements
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## Choosing Hardware
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- Please see the [Hardware Compatibility List](/hcl/) for a compilation of
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hardware reports generated and submitted by users across various Qubes
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versions. (For more information about the HCL itself, see [here](/doc/hcl/).)
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- See the [Certified Hardware](/doc/certified-hardware/) page.
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- See the [Hardware Testing](/doc/hardware-testing/) page.
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We recommend consulting these resources when selecting hardware for Qubes OS:
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- [Certified hardware](/doc/certified-hardware/) --- Qubes developer certified,
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officially recommended
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- [Hardware testing](/doc/hardware-testing/) --- Qubes developer tested,
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unofficially recommended
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- [Laptops that "just work" with Qubes
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OS](https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/laptops-that-just-work-with-qubes-os-r4-0-4/5560)
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--- community-curated list, unofficially recommended
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- [Hardware compatibility list (HCL)](/hcl/) --- community test results,
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neither recommended nor disrecommended
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## Important Notes
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- **Installing Qubes in a virtual machine is not recommended, as it uses its
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own bare-metal hypervisor (Xen).**
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- Qubes **can** be installed on systems which do not meet the recommended
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- Qubes **can** be installed on many systems that do not meet the recommended
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requirements. Such systems will still offer significant security improvements
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over traditional operating systems, since things like GUI isolation and
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kernel protection do not require special hardware.
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- Qubes **can** be installed on a USB flash drive or external disk, and testing
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has shown that this works very well. A fast USB 3.0 flash drive is
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recommended for this. (As a reminder, its capacity must be at least 32 GiB.)
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@ -76,11 +82,11 @@ title: System requirements
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other computers in order to boot into Qubes. In addition to the convenience
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of having a portable copy of Qubes, this allows users to test for hardware
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compatibility on multiple machines (e.g., at a brick-and-mortar computer
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store) before deciding on which computer to purchase. (See
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[hcl-report](/doc/how-to-use-the-hcl/#generating-and-submitting-new-reports)
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for advice on hardware compatibility testing.) Remember to change the devices
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store) before deciding on which computer to purchase. (See [generating and
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submitting HCL
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reports](/doc/how-to-use-the-hcl/#generating-and-submitting-new-reports) for
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advice on hardware compatibility testing.) Remember to change the devices
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assigned to your NetVM and USB VM if you move between different machines.
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- [Advice on finding a VT-d capable
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notebook](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/Sz0Nuhi4N0o/ZtpJdoc0OY8J).
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- You can check whether an Intel processor has VT-x and VT-d on
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[ark.intel.com](https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark.html#@Processors).
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