diff --git a/managing-o b/managing-o new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c908ea43 --- /dev/null +++ b/managing-o @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ +--- +layout: doc +title: Upgrading the Fedora 21 Template +permalink: /doc/fedora-template-upgrade-21/ +redirect_from: +- /en/doc/fedora-template-upgrade-21/ +- /doc/FedoraTemplateUpgrade21/ +- /wiki/FedoraTemplateUpgrade21/ +--- + +Upgrading the Fedora 21 Template +================================ + +Summary: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 21 Template to Fedora 23 +--------------------------------------------------------------- + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-21 fedora-23 + [user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-23 gnome-terminal + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block -A fedora-23 dom0:/var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mkdir /mnt/removable/modules + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo cp -rp /usr/lib/modules /mnt/removable/modules + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mount --bind /mnt/removable/modules /usr/lib/modules + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo yum clean all + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo yum --releasever=23 --enablerepo=qubes*current-testing --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable distro-sync + + (Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.) + + [user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-23 + + (Done.) + +Detailed: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 21 Template to Fedora 23 +---------------------------------------------------------------- + +These instructions will show you how to upgrade the standard Fedora 21 +TemplateVM to Fedora 23. The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any +template based on the standard Fedora 21 template. + + 1. Ensure the existing template is not running. + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-21 + + 2. Clone the existing template and start a terminal in the new template. + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-21 fedora-23 + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-23 gnome-terminal + + 2. Attempt the upgrade process in the new template. For now you need to enable testing repository to do that. + + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo yum clean all + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo yum --releasever=23 --enablerepo=qubes*current-testing distro-sync + + 3. Shutdown the new TemplateVM via dom0 command line or Qubes VM Manager; + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-23 + + If you encounter no errors, proceed to step 7. + + 4. If `yum` reports that you do not have enough free disk space to proceed with + the upgrade process, create an empty file in dom0 to use as a cache and + attach it to the template as a virtual disk. + + [user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block -A fedora-23 dom0:/var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img + + Then reattempt the upgrade process, but this time using the virtual disk as + a cache. + + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo yum clean all + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo yum --releasever=23 --enablerepo=qubes*current-testing --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable distro-sync + + (Poweroff via Qubes VM Manager. May need to be killed.) + + 5. If `yum` complains that there is not enough free space in `/usr/lib/modules`, + do this before reattempting the upgrade: + + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mkdir /mnt/removable/modules + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo cp -rp /usr/lib/modules /mnt/removable/modules + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ sudo mount --bind /mnt/removable/modules /usr/lib/modules + + 6. `yum` may complain: + + At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem. + + In this case, one option is to [resize the TemplateVM's disk + image](/doc/ResizeDiskImage/) before reattempting the upgrade process. + (See **Additional Information** below for other options.) + + 7. After the upgrade process is finished, remove the cache file, if you + created one. + + [user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img + + 8. Trim the new template (see **Compacting the Upgraded Template** for details + and other options). + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-23 + + 9. (Optional) Remove the old default template. + + [user@dom0 ~]$ sudo yum remove qubes-template-fedora-21 + + +Summary: Upgrading the Minimal Fedora 21 Template to Fedora 23 +-------------------------------------------------------------- + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-21-minimal fedora-23-minimal + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-23-minimal xterm + [user@fedora-23-minimal ~]$ su - + [root@fedora-23-minimal ~]# yum clean all + [user@fedora-23-minimal ~]# yum --releasever=23 --enablerepo=qubes*current-testing distro-sync + + (Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.) + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-23-minimal + +(If you encounter insufficient space issues, you may need to use the methods +described for the standard template above.) + + +Differences Between the Standard and Minimal Upgrade Procedures +--------------------------------------------------------------- + +The procedure for upgrading the minimal template (or any template based on the +minimal template) is the same as the procedure for the standard template above, +**with the following exceptions**: + + 1. `gnome-terminal` is not installed by default. Unless you've installed it + (or another terminal emulator), use `xterm`. (Of course, you can also use + `xterm` for the standard template, if you prefer.) + 2. `sudo` is not installed by default. Unless you've installed it, use `su` as + demonstrated above. (Of course, you can also use `su` for the standard + template, if you prefer.) + + +Compacting the Upgraded Template +================================ + +Neither `fstrim` nor the `discard` mount option works on the TemplateVM's root +filesystem, so when a file is removed in the template, space is not freed in +dom0. This means that the template will use about twice as much space as is +really necessary after upgrading. + +If you have at least `qubes-core-dom0-2.1.68` installed or are on Qubes R3.0, +you can use the `qvm-trim-template` tool: + + [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-23 + +If you do not have `qubes-core-dom0-2.1.68` or are on older Qubes version, you can +compact the `root.img` manually. To do this, you will need about 15GB (the +TemplateVM's max size + the actually used space there) free space in dom0. + + 1. Start the template and fill all the free space with zeros, for example + with: + + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/tmp/zero + + 2. Wait for the "No space left on device" error. Then: + + [user@fedora-23 ~]$ rm -f /var/tmp/zero + + 3. Shut down the template and all VMs based on it. Then: + + [user@dom0 ~]$ cd /var/lib/qubes/vm-templates/fedora-23 + [user@dom0 ~]$ cp --sparse=always root.img root.img.new + [user@dom0 ~]$ mv root.img.new root.img + + +Additional Information +====================== + +As mentioned above, you may encounter the following `yum` error: + + At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem. + +In this case, you have several options: + + 1. [Increase the TemplateVM's disk image size](/doc/resize-disk-image/). + This is the solution mentioned in the main instructions above. + 2. Delete files in order to free up space. One way to do this is by + uninstalling packages. You may then reinstalling them again after you + finish the upgrade process, if desired). However, you may end up having to + increase the disk image size anyway (see previous option). + 3. Increase the `root.img` size with `qvm-grow-root`. It should be easy to + extend the `qvm-grow-root` tool in order to support PV (and not only HVM) + VMs. This is already done in R3.1. + 4. Do the upgrade in parts, e.g., by using package groups. (First upgrade + `@core` packages, then the rest.) + 5. Do not perform an in-place upgrade. Instead, simply download and install a + new template package, then redo all desired template modifications. + +With regard to the last option, here are some useful messages from the mailing +list which also apply to TemplateVM management and migration in general: + + * [Marek](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/mCXkxlACILQ/dS1jbLRP9n8J) + * [Jason M](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/mCXkxlACILQ/5PxDfI-RKAsJ) + +Upgrading to Fedora 22 +====================== + +You may choose to upgrade to Fedora 22 instead of Fedora 23. In that case, +simply replace version "23" with "22" in all above commands. + +Known issues with Fedora 23 +=========================== + +* [Graphical update tools (using PackageKit) does not work](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/982). +* [Dnf (new Fedora package manager) needs a lot of time to process repository metadata](https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1227014), you may want to use `yum-deprecated` for now +* ["Terminal" shortcuts do not work because the desktop file in the VM has been renamed](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/1428). See the issue report for how to update your configuration to match.