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update usb:How to attach USB drives with 4.0

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common-tasks/usb.md
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@ -35,6 +35,95 @@ qube's settings page in Qubes VM Manager or by using the
[qvm-pci][Assigning Devices] command. For guidance on finding the correct USB
controller, see [here][usb-controller].)
* R4.0
USB drive mounting is integrated into the Connection Widget. This is the tooltray
icon with a yellow square located in the top right of your screen by default.
Simply insert
your USB drive and click on the widget. You will see multiple entries for your
USB drive; typically, `sys-usb:sda`, `sys-usb:sda1`, and `sys-usb:2-1` for example.
The simplest (but slightly less secure, see note below about attaching individual
partitions) option is to attach the entire block drive. In our example, this is `sda`,
so hover over it.
This will pop up a submenu showing running VMs to which the USB drive can be connected.
Click on one and your USB drive will be attached!
Note that attaching individual partitions can be slightly more secure because it doesn't
force the target AppVM to parse the partition table. However, it often means the
AppVM won't detect the new partition and you will need to manually mount it inside
the AppVM. To do this with the GUI,
you'd select the `sda1` entry in our example and proceed to connect to an AppVM.
Once the USB drive has been attached to the AppVM, it will
appear as `/dev/xvd*` (usually `xvdi` but sometimes with higher letters if you
have multiple devices attached.) Follow the below steps if you need to manually mount
the partition:
```
cd ~
mkdir mnt
sudo mount /dev/xvdi mnt
```
And when done:
`sudo umount mnt`
The command-line tool you may use to mount whole USB drives or their partitions
is `qvm-block`. This tool can be used to assign a USB drive to a qube as
follows:
1. Insert your USB drive.
2. In a dom0 console (running as a normal user), list all available block
devices:
qvm-block
This will list all available block devices connected to any USB controller
in your system, no matter which qube hosts the controller. The name of the
qube hosting the USB controller is displayed before the colon in the device
name. The string after the colon is the name of the device used within the
qube, like so:
dom0:sdb1 Cruzer () 4GiB
usbVM:sdb1 Disk () 2GiB
**Note:** If your device is not listed here, you may refresh the list by
calling (from the qube to which the device is connected):
sudo udevadm trigger --action=change
3. Assuming your USB drive is attached to dom0 and is `sdb`, we attach the
device to a qube with the name `personal` like so:
qvm-block a personal dom0:sdb
This will attach the device to the qube as `/dev/xvdi` if that name is not
already taken by another attached device, or `/dev/xvdj`, etc.
You may also mount one partition at a time by using the same command with
the partition number after `sdb`.
**Warning:** when working with single partitions, it is possible to assign
the same partition to multiple qubes. For example, you could attach `sdb1`
to qube1 and then `sdb` to qube2. It is up to the user not to make this
mistake. The Xen block device framework currently does not provide an easy
way around this. Point 2 of [this comment on issue 1072][1072-comm2] gives
details about this.
4. The USB drive is now attached to the qube. If using a default qube, you may
open the Nautilus file manager in the qube, and your drive should be
visible in the **Devices** panel on the left.
5. When you finish using your USB drive, click the eject button or right-click
and select **Unmount**.
6. In a dom0 console, detach the stick
qvm-block d <vmname> <device>
7. You may now remove the device.
* R3.2
USB drive mounting is integrated into the Qubes VM Manager GUI. Simply insert
your USB drive, right-click on the desired qube in the Qubes VM Manager list,
click **Attach/detach block devices**, and select your desired action and
@ -50,7 +139,7 @@ follows:
2. In a dom0 console (running as a normal user), list all available block
devices:
qvm-block -l
qvm-block
This will list all available block devices connected to any USB controller
in your system, no matter which qube hosts the controller. The name of the
@ -76,7 +165,8 @@ follows:
already taken by another attached device, or `/dev/xvdj`, etc.
You may also mount one partition at a time by using the same command with
the partition number after `sdb`.
the partition number after `sdb`. This is slightly more secure because it
does not force the target AppVM to parse the partition table.
**Warning:** when working with single partitions, it is possible to assign
the same partition to multiple qubes. For example, you could attach `sdb1`