mirror of
https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc.git
synced 2025-09-20 13:04:45 -04:00
fixed linter warnings
This commit is contained in:
qubedmaiska
parent
e93ddb3796
commit
1be6e5f9b9
36 changed files with 107 additions and 229 deletions
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Hardware requirements
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** Qubes has no control over what happens on your computer before you install it. No software can provide security if it is installed on compromised hardware. Do not install Qubes on a computer you don’t trust. See :doc:`installation security </user/downloading-installing-upgrading/install-security>` for more information.
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Qubes OS has very specific :doc:`system requirements </user/hardware/system-requirements>`. To ensure compatibility, we strongly recommend using :doc:`Qubes-certified hardware </user/hardware/certified-hardware/certified-hardware>`. Other hardware may require you to perform significant troubleshooting. You may also find it helpful to consult the `Hardware Compatibility List <https://www.qubes-os.org/hcl/>`__.
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Qubes OS has very specific :doc:`system requirements </user/hardware/system-requ
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Even on supported hardware, you must ensure that `IOMMU-based virtualization <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input%E2%80%93output_memory_management_unit#Virtualization>`__ is activated in the BIOS or UEFI. Without it, Qubes OS won’t be able to enforce isolation. For Intel-based boards, this setting is called Intel Virtualization for Directed I/O (**Intel VT-d**) and for AMD-based boards, it is called AMD I/O Virtualization Technology (or simply **AMD-Vi**). This parameter should be activated in your computer’s BIOS or UEFI, alongside the standard Virtualization (**Intel VT-x**) and AMD Virtualization (**AMD-V**) extensions. This `external guide <https://web.archive.org/web/20200112220913/https://www.intel.in/content/www/in/en/support/articles/000007139/server-products.html>`__ made for Intel-based boards can help you figure out how to enter your BIOS or UEFI to locate and activate those settings. If those settings are not nested under the Advanced tab, you might find them under the Security tab.
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.. warning::
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**Note:** Qubes OS is not meant to be installed inside a virtual machine as a guest hypervisor. In other words, *nested virtualization* is not supported. In order for a strict compartmentalization to be enforced, Qubes OS needs to be able to manage the hardware directly.
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Copying the ISO onto the installation medium
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@ -34,17 +34,17 @@ Copying the ISO onto the installation medium
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Pick the most secure existing computer and OS you have available for downloading and copying the Qubes ISO onto the installation medium. `Download <https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/>`__ a Qubes ISO.
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** Any file you download from the internet could be malicious, even if it appears to come from a trustworthy source. Our philosophy is to :ref:`distrust the infrastructure <introduction/faq:what does it mean to "distrust the infrastructure"?>` . Regardless of how you acquire your Qubes ISO, :doc:`verify its authenticity </project-security/verifying-signatures>` before continuing.
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Once the ISO has been verified as authentic, you should copy it onto the installation medium of your choice, such as a USB drive, dual-layer DVD, or Blu-ray disc. The size of each Qubes ISO is available on the `downloads <https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/>`__ page by hovering over the download button. The instructions below assume you’ve chosen a USB drive as your medium. If you’ve chosen a different medium, please adapt the instructions accordingly.
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.. warning::
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**Note:** There are important :doc:`security considerations </user/downloading-installing-upgrading/install-security>` to keep in mind when choosing an installation medium. Advanced users may wish to :ref:`re-verify their installation media after writing <project-security/verifying-signatures:how to re-verify installation media after writing>` .
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** Be careful to choose the correct device when copying the ISO, or you may lose data. We strongly recommended making a full backup before modifying any devices.
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Linux ISO to USB
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@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Windows ISO to USB
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On Windows, you can use the `Rufus <https://rufus.akeo.ie/>`__ tool to write the ISO to a USB key. Be sure to select “Write in DD Image mode” *after* selecting the Qubes ISO and pressing “START” on the Rufus main window.
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.. note::
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**Note:** Using Rufus to create the installation medium means that you `won’t be able <https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/2051>`__ to choose the “Test this media and install Qubes OS” option mentioned in the example below. Instead, choose the “Install Qubes OS” option.
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|Rufus menu|
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@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ From here, you can navigate the boot screen using the arrow keys on your keyboar
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Select the option to test this media and install Qubes OS.
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.. note::
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**Note:** If the latest stable release is not compatible with your hardware, you may wish to consider :doc:`testing a newer release </user/downloading-installing-upgrading/testing>` .
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If the boot screen does not appear, there are several options to troubleshoot. First, try rebooting your computer. If it still loads your currently installed operating system or does not detect your installation medium, make sure the boot order is set up appropriately. The process to change the boot order varies depending on the currently installed system and the motherboard manufacturer. If **Windows 10** is installed on your machine, you may need to follow specific instructions to change the boot order. This may require an `advanced reboot <https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4026206/windows-10-find-safe-mode-and-other-startup-settings>`__.
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@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Installation summary
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.. note::
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**Did you know?** The Qubes OS installer is completely offline. It doesn’t even load any networking drivers, so there is no possibility of internet-based data leaks or attacks during the installation process.
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The Installation summary screen allows you to change how the system will be installed and configured, including localization settings. At minimum, you are required to select the storage device on which Qubes OS will be installed.
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@ -202,13 +202,13 @@ Installation destination
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Under the System section, you must choose the installation destination. Select the storage device on which you would like to install Qubes OS.
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** Be careful to choose the correct installation target, or you may lose data. We strongly recommended making a full backup before proceeding.
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Your installation destination can be an internal or external storage drive, such as an SSD, HDD, or USB drive. The installation destination must have a least 32 GiB of free space available.
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.. warning::
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**Note:** The installation destination cannot be the same as the installation medium. For example, if you’re installing Qubes OS *from* a USB drive *onto* a USB drive, they must be two distinct USB drives, and they must both be plugged into your computer at the same time. (**Note:** This may not apply to advanced users who partition their devices appropriately.)
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Installing an operating system onto a USB drive can be a convenient way to try Qubes. However, USB drives are typically much slower than internal SSDs. We recommend a very fast USB 3.0 drive for decent performance. Please note that a minimum storage of 32 GiB is required. If you want to install Qubes OS onto a USB drive, just select the USB device as the target installation device. Bear in mind that the installation process is likely to take longer than it would on an internal storage device.
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@ -216,13 +216,13 @@ Installing an operating system onto a USB drive can be a convenient way to try Q
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|Select storage device|
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.. note::
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**Did you know?** By default, Qubes OS uses `LUKS <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup>`__ /`dm-crypt <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dm-crypt>`__ to encrypt everything except the ``/boot`` partition.
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As soon as you press **Done**, the installer will ask you to enter a passphrase for disk encryption. The passphrase should be complex. Make sure that your keyboard layout reflects what keyboard you are actually using. When you’re finished, press **Done**.
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** If you forget your encryption passphrase, there is no way to recover it.
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|Select storage passhprase|
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@ -356,67 +356,24 @@ Getting help
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.. |Rufus menu| image:: /attachment/doc/rufus-menu.png
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.. |Rufus DD image mode| image:: /attachment/doc/rufus-dd-image-mode.png
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.. |ThinkPad T430 BIOS menu| image:: /attachment/doc/Thinkpad-t430-bios-main.jpg
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.. |UEFI menu| image:: /attachment/doc/uefi.jpeg
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.. |Boot screen| image:: /attachment/doc/boot-screen.png
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.. |welcome| image:: /attachment/doc/welcome-to-qubes-os-installation-screen.png
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.. |Unsupported hardware detected| image:: /attachment/doc/unsupported-hardware-detected.png
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.. |Installation summary not ready| image:: /attachment/doc/installation-summary-not-ready.png
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.. |Keyboard layout selection| image:: /attachment/doc/keyboard-layout-selection.png
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.. |Language support selection| image:: /attachment/doc/language-support-selection.png
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.. |Time and date| image:: /attachment/doc/time-and-date.png
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.. |Add-ons| image:: /attachment/doc/add-ons.png
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.. |Select storage device| image:: /attachment/doc/select-storage-device.png
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.. |Select storage passhprase| image:: /attachment/doc/select-storage-passphrase.png
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.. |Installation summary ready| image:: /attachment/doc/installation-summary-ready.png
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.. |Account name and password| image:: /attachment/doc/account-name-and-password.png
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.. |Grub boot menu| image:: /attachment/doc/grub-boot-menu.png
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.. |Unlock storage device screen| image:: /attachment/doc/unlock-storage-device-screen.png
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.. |Initial setup menu| image:: /attachment/doc/initial-setup-menu.png
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.. |Initial setup menu configuration| image:: /attachment/doc/initial-setup-menu-configuration.png
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.. |Login screen| image:: /attachment/doc/login-screen.png
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.. |Desktop menu| image:: /attachment/doc/desktop-menu.png
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Hardware requirements
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** Qubes has no control over what happens on your computer before you install it. No software can provide security if it is installed on compromised hardware. Do not install Qubes on a computer you don’t trust. See :doc:`installation security </user/downloading-installing-upgrading/install-security>` for more information.
|
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|
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Qubes OS has very specific :doc:`system requirements </user/hardware/system-requirements>`. To ensure compatibility, we strongly recommend using :doc:`Qubes-certified hardware </user/hardware/certified-hardware/certified-hardware>`. Other hardware may require you to perform significant troubleshooting. You may also find it helpful to consult the `Hardware Compatibility List <https://www.qubes-os.org/hcl/>`__.
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@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Qubes OS has very specific :doc:`system requirements </user/hardware/system-requ
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Even on supported hardware, you must ensure that `IOMMU-based virtualization <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input%E2%80%93output_memory_management_unit#Virtualization>`__ is activated in the BIOS or UEFI. Without it, Qubes OS won’t be able to enforce isolation. For Intel-based boards, this setting is called Intel Virtualization for Directed I/O (**Intel VT-d**) and for AMD-based boards, it is called AMD I/O Virtualization Technology (or simply **AMD-Vi**). This parameter should be activated in your computer’s BIOS or UEFI, alongside the standard Virtualization (**Intel VT-x**) and AMD Virtualization (**AMD-V**) extensions. This `external guide <https://web.archive.org/web/20200112220913/https://www.intel.in/content/www/in/en/support/articles/000007139/server-products.html>`__ made for Intel-based boards can help you figure out how to enter your BIOS or UEFI to locate and activate those settings. If those settings are not nested under the Advanced tab, you might find them under the Security tab.
|
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.. warning::
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||||
|
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**Note:** Qubes OS is not meant to be installed inside a virtual machine as a guest hypervisor. In other words, *nested virtualization* is not supported. In order for a strict compartmentalization to be enforced, Qubes OS needs to be able to manage the hardware directly.
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Copying the ISO onto the installation medium
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@ -32,17 +32,17 @@ Copying the ISO onto the installation medium
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Pick the most secure existing computer and OS you have available for downloading and copying the Qubes ISO onto the installation medium. `Download <https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/>`__ a Qubes ISO. If your Internet connection is unstable and the download is interrupted, you could resume the partial download with ``wget --continue`` in case you are currently using wget for downloading or use a download-manager with resume capability. Alternatively you can download installation ISO via BitTorrent that sometimes enables higher download speeds and more reliable downloads of large files.
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.. DANGER::
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**Warning:** Any file you download from the internet could be malicious, even if it appears to come from a trustworthy source. Our philosophy is to :ref:`distrust the infrastructure <introduction/faq:what does it mean to "distrust the infrastructure"?>` . Regardless of how you acquire your Qubes ISO, :doc:`verify its authenticity </project-security/verifying-signatures>` before continuing.
|
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|
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Once the ISO has been verified as authentic, you should copy it onto the installation medium of your choice, such as a USB drive, dual-layer DVD, or Blu-ray disc. The size of each Qubes ISO is available on the `downloads <https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/>`__ page by hovering over the download button. The instructions below assume you’ve chosen a USB drive as your medium. If you’ve chosen a different medium, please adapt the instructions accordingly.
|
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.. warning::
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|
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**Note:** There are important :doc:`security considerations </user/downloading-installing-upgrading/install-security>` to keep in mind when choosing an installation medium. Advanced users may wish to :ref:`re-verify their installation media after writing <project-security/verifying-signatures:how to re-verify installation media after writing>` .
|
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|
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.. DANGER::
|
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|
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|
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**Warning:** Be careful to choose the correct device when copying the ISO, or you may lose data. We strongly recommended making a full backup before modifying any devices.
|
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|
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Linux ISO to USB
|
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|
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@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Windows ISO to USB
|
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On Windows, you can use the `Rufus <https://rufus.ie/>`__ tool to write the ISO to a USB key. Be sure to select “Write in DD Image mode” *after* selecting the Qubes ISO and pressing “START” on the Rufus main window.
|
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|
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.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Note:** Using Rufus to create the installation medium means that you `won’t be able <https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/2051>`__ to choose the “Test this media and install Qubes OS” option mentioned in the example below. Instead, choose the “Install Qubes OS” option.
|
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|Rufus menu|
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@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ From here, you can navigate the boot screen using the arrow keys on your keyboar
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Select the option to test this media and install Qubes OS.
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.. note::
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**Note:** If the latest stable release is not compatible with your hardware, you may wish to consider installing using the latest kernel. Be aware that this has not been as well tested as the standard kernel.
|
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|
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If the boot screen does not appear, there are several options to troubleshoot. First, try rebooting your computer. If it still loads your currently installed operating system or does not detect your installation medium, make sure the boot order is set up appropriately. The process to change the boot order varies depending on the currently installed system and the motherboard manufacturer. If **Windows 10** is installed on your machine, you may need to follow specific instructions to change the boot order. This may require an `advanced reboot <https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4026206/windows-10-find-safe-mode-and-other-startup-settings>`__.
|
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@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Installation summary
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|||
|
||||
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.. note::
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||||
|
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|
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**Did you know?** The Qubes OS installer is completely offline. It doesn’t even load any networking drivers, so there is no possibility of internet-based data leaks or attacks during the installation process.
|
||||
|
||||
The Installation summary screen allows you to change how the system will be installed and configured, including localization settings. At minimum, you are required to select the storage device on which Qubes OS will be installed.
|
||||
|
|
@ -184,13 +184,13 @@ Installation destination
|
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Under the System section, you must choose the installation destination. Select the storage device on which you would like to install Qubes OS.
|
||||
|
||||
.. DANGER::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Warning:** Be careful to choose the correct installation target, or you may lose data. We strongly recommended making a full backup before proceeding.
|
||||
|
||||
Your installation destination can be an internal or external storage drive, such as an SSD, HDD, or USB drive. The installation destination must have a least 32 GiB of free space available.
|
||||
|
||||
.. warning::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Note:** The installation destination cannot be the same as the installation medium. For example, if you’re installing Qubes OS *from* a USB drive *onto* a USB drive, they must be two distinct USB drives, and they must both be plugged into your computer at the same time. (**Note:** This may not apply to advanced users who partition their devices appropriately.)
|
||||
|
||||
Installing an operating system onto a USB drive can be a convenient way to try Qubes. However, USB drives are typically much slower than internal SSDs. We recommend a very fast USB 3.0 drive for decent performance. Please note that a minimum storage of 32 GiB is required. If you want to install Qubes OS onto a USB drive, just select the USB device as the target installation device. Bear in mind that the installation process is likely to take longer than it would on an internal storage device.
|
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|
|
@ -198,13 +198,13 @@ Installing an operating system onto a USB drive can be a convenient way to try Q
|
|||
|Select storage device screen|
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|
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.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Did you know?** By default, Qubes OS uses `LUKS <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup>`__ /`dm-crypt <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dm-crypt>`__ to encrypt everything except the ``/boot`` partition.
|
||||
|
||||
As soon as you press **Done**, the installer will ask you to enter a passphrase for disk encryption. The passphrase should be complex. Make sure that your keyboard layout reflects what keyboard you are actually using. When you’re finished, press **Done**.
|
||||
|
||||
.. DANGER::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Warning:** If you forget your encryption passphrase, there is no way to recover it.
|
||||
|
||||
|Select storage passphrase|
|
||||
|
|
@ -344,64 +344,23 @@ Getting help
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
.. |Rufus menu| image:: /attachment/doc/rufus-menu.png
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||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. |Rufus DD image mode| image:: /attachment/doc/rufus-dd-image-mode.png
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. |ThinkPad T430 BIOS menu| image:: /attachment/doc/Thinkpad-t430-bios-main.jpg
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. |UEFI menu| image:: /attachment/doc/uefi.jpeg
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||||
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||||
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.. |Boot screen| image:: /attachment/doc/boot-screen-4.2.png
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||||
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.. |Language selection window| image:: /attachment/doc/welcome-to-qubes-os-installation-screen-4.2.png
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||||
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.. |Unsupported hardware detected| image:: /attachment/doc/unsupported-hardware-detected.png
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.. |Installation summary screen awaiting input| image:: /attachment/doc/installation-summary-not-ready-4.2.png
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||||
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||||
.. |Keyboard layout selection| image:: /attachment/doc/keyboard-layout-selection.png
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||||
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||||
.. |Language support selection| image:: /attachment/doc/language-support-selection.png
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.. |Time and date| image:: /attachment/doc/time-and-date.png
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||||
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||||
.. |Select storage device screen| image:: /attachment/doc/select-storage-device-4.2.png
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.. |Select storage passphrase| image:: /attachment/doc/select-storage-passphrase.png
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.. |Account name and password creation window.| image:: /attachment/doc/account-name-and-password-4.2.png
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.. |Windows showing installation complete and Reboot button.| image:: /attachment/doc/installation-complete-4.2.png
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.. |Grub boot menu| image:: /attachment/doc/grub-boot-menu.png
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.. |Screen to enter device decryption password| image:: /attachment/doc/unlock-storage-device-screen-4.2.png
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.. |Window with link for final configuration| image:: /attachment/doc/initial-setup-menu-4.2.png
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.. |Initial configuration menu| image:: /attachment/doc/initial-setup-menu-configuration-4.2.png
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.. |Login screen| image:: /attachment/doc/login-screen.png
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.. |Desktop menu| image:: /attachment/doc/desktop-menu.png
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@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ Qubes OS
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||||
Qubes OS releases are supported for **six months** after each subsequent major or minor release (see :doc:`Version Scheme </developer/releases/version-scheme>`). The current release and past major releases are always available on the `Downloads <https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/>`__ page, while all ISOs, including past minor releases, are available from our `download mirrors <https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/#mirrors>`__.
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.. list-table::
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:widths: 11 11 11 11
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.. list-table::
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:widths: 11 11 11 11
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:align: center
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:header-rows: 1
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@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ Qubes OS releases are supported for **six months** after each subsequent major o
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- TBD
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- TBD
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- In testing
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||||
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||||
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||||
Note on patch releases
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@ -71,8 +70,8 @@ Dom0
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|||
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||||
The table below shows the OS used for dom0 in each Qubes OS release.
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||||
.. list-table::
|
||||
:widths: 11 11
|
||||
.. list-table::
|
||||
:widths: 11 11
|
||||
:align: center
|
||||
:header-rows: 1
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -96,7 +95,6 @@ The table below shows the OS used for dom0 in each Qubes OS release.
|
|||
- Fedora 37
|
||||
* - Release 4.3
|
||||
- Fedora 41
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Note on dom0 and EOL
|
||||
|
|
@ -113,8 +111,8 @@ The following table shows select :doc:`template </user/templates/templates>` (an
|
|||
|
||||
It is the responsibility of each distribution to clearly notify its users in advance of its own EOL dates, and it is users’ responsibility to heed these notices by upgrading to supported releases. As a courtesy to Qubes users, we attempt to pass along upstream EOL notices we receive for select distributions, but our ability to do this reliably is dependent on the upstream distribution’s practices. For example, if a distribution provides a mailing list similar to :ref:`qubes-announce <introduction/support:qubes-announce>`, which allows us to receive only very important, infrequent messages, including EOL announcements, we are much more likely to be able to pass along EOL notices to Qubes users reliably. Qubes users can always check the EOL status of an upstream release on the upstream distribution’s website (see `Fedora EOL <https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/End_of_life>`__ and `Debian Releases <https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases>`__).
|
||||
|
||||
.. list-table::
|
||||
:widths: 11 11 11
|
||||
.. list-table::
|
||||
:widths: 11 11 11
|
||||
:align: center
|
||||
:header-rows: 1
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -127,7 +125,6 @@ It is the responsibility of each distribution to clearly notify its users in adv
|
|||
* - Release 4.3
|
||||
- 41, 42
|
||||
- 12, 13
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Note on Debian support
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -67,16 +67,16 @@ Full list of options can be obtained with ``qubes-dist-upgrade --releasever=4.3
|
|||
.. code:: bash
|
||||
|
||||
Usage: qubes-dist-upgrade --releasever=VERSION [OPTIONS]...
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
This script is used for updating QubesOS to the next release.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Options:
|
||||
--releasever=VERSION Specify target release, for example 4.3 or 4.2.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Usage: /usr/lib/qubes/qubes-dist-upgrade-r4.3.sh [OPTIONS]...
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
This script is used for updating current QubesOS R4.2 to R4.3.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Options:
|
||||
--update, -t (STAGE 1) Update of dom0, TemplatesVM and StandaloneVM.
|
||||
--release-upgrade, -r (STAGE 2) Update 'qubes-release' for Qubes R4.3.
|
||||
|
|
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Full list of options can be obtained with ``qubes-dist-upgrade --releasever=4.3
|
|||
--check-supported-templates (STAGE 6) Check if all templates are supported
|
||||
--all-pre-reboot Execute stages 1 to 3
|
||||
--all-post-reboot Execute stages 4 to 6
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--assumeyes, -y Automatically answer yes for all questions.
|
||||
--usbvm, -u Current UsbVM defined (default 'sys-usb').
|
||||
--netvm, -n Current NetVM defined (default 'sys-net').
|
||||
|
|
@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ Full list of options can be obtained with ``qubes-dist-upgrade --releasever=4.3
|
|||
The enabling with this option do not persist after
|
||||
successful update. If you want to keep it enabled,
|
||||
use the normal method instead.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
After installing the tool, before-reboot stages can be performed at once with:
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue