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Use long form PGP key IDs and reference-style links
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@ -61,20 +61,16 @@ Importing Qubes Signing Keys
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Every file published by the Qubes Project (ISO, RPM, TGZ files and git
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Every file published by the Qubes Project (ISO, RPM, TGZ files and git
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repositories) is digitally signed by one of the developer or release signing
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repositories) is digitally signed by one of the developer or release signing
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keys. Each such key is signed by the Qubes Master Signing Key
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keys. Each such key is signed by the [Qubes Master Signing Key]
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([`0x36879494`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc)).
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(`0xDDFA1A3E36879494`).
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The public portion of the Qubes Master Signing Key can be imported directly
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The public portion of the Qubes Master Signing Key can be imported directly
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from a [
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from a [keyserver] (specified on first use with `--keyserver <URI>`, keyserver
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keyserver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_server_%28cryptographic%29#Keyserver_examples)
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saved in `~/.gnupg/gpg.conf`), e.g.,
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(specified on first use with --keyserver URI, keyserver saved in
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`~/.gnupg/gpg.conf`), e.g.,
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gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys 0x427F11FD0FAA4B080123F01CDDFA1A3E36879494
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gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys 0x427F11FD0FAA4B080123F01CDDFA1A3E36879494
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or downloaded
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or downloaded [here][Qubes Master Signing Key] and imported with gpg,
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[here](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc) and
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imported with gpg,
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$ gpg --import ./qubes-master-signing-key.asc
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$ gpg --import ./qubes-master-signing-key.asc
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@ -83,24 +79,17 @@ or fetched directly with gpg.
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$ gpg --fetch-keys https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc
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$ gpg --fetch-keys https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc
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For additional security we also publish the fingerprint of the Qubes Master
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For additional security we also publish the fingerprint of the Qubes Master
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Signing Key
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Signing Key here in this document:
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([`0x36879494`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc))
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here in this document:
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pub 4096R/36879494 2010-04-01
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pub 4096R/36879494 2010-04-01
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Key fingerprint = 427F 11FD 0FAA 4B08 0123 F01C DDFA 1A3E 3687 9494
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Key fingerprint = 427F 11FD 0FAA 4B08 0123 F01C DDFA 1A3E 3687 9494
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uid Qubes Master Signing Key
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uid Qubes Master Signing Key
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There should also be a copy of this key at the project's main website, in the
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There should also be a copy of this key at the project's main website, in the
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[Qubes Security Pack](/doc/security-pack/), and in the archives of the
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[Qubes Security Pack], and in the archives of the project's [developer] and
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project's
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[user] [mailing lists].
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[developer](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/qubes-devel/RqR9WPxICwg/kaQwknZPDHkJ)
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and
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[user](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/CLnB5uFu_YQ/ZjObBpz0S9UJ)
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mailing lists.
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Once you have obtained the Qubes Master Signing Key
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Once you have obtained the Qubes Master Signing Key,
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([`0x36879494`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc)),
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you should verify the fingerprint of this key very carefully by obtaining
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you should verify the fingerprint of this key very carefully by obtaining
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copies of the fingerprint from trustworthy independent sources and comparing
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copies of the fingerprint from trustworthy independent sources and comparing
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them to the downloaded key's fingerprint to ensure they match. Then set its
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them to the downloaded key's fingerprint to ensure they match. Then set its
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@ -151,9 +140,8 @@ verify all the keys signed by the Qubes Master Signing Key:
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Now you can easily download any of the developer or release signing keys that
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Now you can easily download any of the developer or release signing keys that
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happen to be used to sign particular ISO, RPM, TGZ files or git tags.
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happen to be used to sign particular ISO, RPM, TGZ files or git tags.
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For example: Qubes OS Release 3 Signing Key
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For example, the Qubes OS [Release 3 Signing Key] (`0xCB11CA1D03FA5082`) is
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([`0x03FA5082`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-release-3-signing-key.asc))
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used for all Release 3 ISO images:
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is used for all Release 3 ISO images.
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$ gpg --recv-keys 0xC52261BE0A823221D94CA1D1CB11CA1D03FA5082
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$ gpg --recv-keys 0xC52261BE0A823221D94CA1D1CB11CA1D03FA5082
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gpg: requesting key 03FA5082 from hkp server keys.gnupg.net
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gpg: requesting key 03FA5082 from hkp server keys.gnupg.net
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@ -166,16 +154,12 @@ is used for all Release 3 ISO images.
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You can also download all the currently used developers' signing keys and
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You can also download all the currently used developers' signing keys and
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current and older release signing keys (and also a copy of the Qubes Master
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current and older release signing keys (and also a copy of the Qubes Master
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Signing Key) from the [keys directory on our
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Signing Key) from the [Qubes OS Keyserver] and from the [Qubes Security Pack].
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server](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/) and from the [Qubes Security
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Pack](/doc/security-pack/).
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The developer signing keys are set to be valid for 1 year only, while the Qubes
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The developer signing keys are set to be valid for 1 year only, while the Qubes
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Master Signing Key
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Master Signing Key has no expiration date. This latter key was generated and is
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([`0x36879494`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc))
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kept only within a dedicated, air-gapped "vault" machine, and the private
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has no expiration date. This latter key was generated and is kept only within a
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portion will (hopefully) never leave this isolated machine.
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dedicated, air-gapped "vault" machine, and the private portion will (hopefully)
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never leave this isolated machine.
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You can now verify the ISO image (`Qubes-R3.1-x86_64.iso`) matches its
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You can now verify the ISO image (`Qubes-R3.1-x86_64.iso`) matches its
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signature (`Qubes-R3.1-x86_64.iso.asc`):
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signature (`Qubes-R3.1-x86_64.iso.asc`):
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@ -187,10 +171,8 @@ signature (`Qubes-R3.1-x86_64.iso.asc`):
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gpg: Good signature from "Qubes OS Release 3 Signing Key"
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gpg: Good signature from "Qubes OS Release 3 Signing Key"
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gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA256
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gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA256
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The Release 3 Signing Key
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The Release 3 Signing Key used to sign this ISO image should be signed by the
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([`0x03FA5082`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-release-3-signing-key.asc))
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Qubes Master Signing Key:
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used to sign this ISO image should be signed by the Qubes Master Signing Key
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([`0x36879494`](https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc)):
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$ gpg --list-sig 03FA5082
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$ gpg --list-sig 03FA5082
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pub 4096R/03FA5082 2014-11-19
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pub 4096R/03FA5082 2014-11-19
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@ -308,3 +290,14 @@ trusted!
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To verify a signature on a git tag, you can use:
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To verify a signature on a git tag, you can use:
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$ git tag -v <tag name>
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$ git tag -v <tag name>
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[Qubes Master Signing Key]: https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-master-signing-key.asc
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[keyserver]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_server_%28cryptographic%29#Keyserver_examples
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[Qubes Security Pack]: /doc/security-pack/
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[developer]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/qubes-devel/RqR9WPxICwg/kaQwknZPDHkJ
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[user]: https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/CLnB5uFu_YQ/ZjObBpz0S9UJ
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[mailing lists]: /mailing-lists/
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[Release 3 Signing Key]: https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/qubes-release-3-signing-key.asc
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[Qubes OS Keyserver]: https://keys.qubes-os.org/keys/
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