qubes-doc/managing-os/templates/fedora/upgrade-27-to-28.md

---
layout: doc
title: Upgrading the Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28
permalink: /doc/template/fedora/upgrade-27-to-28/
redirect_from:
- /doc/fedora-template-upgrade-27/
- /en/doc/fedora-template-upgrade-27/
- /doc/FedoraTemplateUpgrade27/
- /wiki/FedoraTemplateUpgrade27/
---

Upgrading the Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28
=============================================

This page provides instructions for performing an in-place upgrade of an
installed Fedora 27 [TemplateVM] to Fedora 28. If you wish to install a new,
unmodified Fedora 28 template instead of upgrading a template that is already
installed in your system, please see the [Fedora TemplateVM] page instead.

These instructions can also be used to upgrade a Fedora 26 TemplateVM to
Fedora 28. Simply start by cloning `fedora-26` instead of `fedora-27` in the
instructions below.


Important information regarding RPM Fusion repos
------------------------------------------------

If your RPM Fusion repositories are **disabled** when you upgrade a TemplateVM from Fedora 27 to 28, all RPM Fusion packages and RPM Fusion repo definitions will be removed from that TemplateVM.
If your RPM Fusion repositories are **enabled** when upgrading, all RPM Fusion packages and repo definitions will be retained and updated as expected.
For most users, this behavior should not cause a problem, since a TemplateVM in which the RPM Fusion repos are disabled is probably a TemplateVM in which you never wish to use them.
However, if you wish to have the RPM Fusion repo definitions after upgrading in a TemplateVM in which they are currently disabled, you may wish to temporarily enable them prior to upgrading or manually create, copy, or download them after upgrading.


Workaround for `python2-xcffib` upgrade error
---------------------------------------------

When attempting to upgrade from Fedora 26 or 27 to Fedora 28, you may encounter an error similar to this:

    Error: Transaction check error:
      file /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xcffib-0.5.1-py2.7.egg-info/PKG-INFO from install of python2-xcffib-0.5.1-5.fc28.noarch conflicts with file from package python-xcffib-0.5.1-1.fc26.noarch
      file /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xcffib/_ffi.pyc from install of python2-xcffib-0.5.1-5.fc28.noarch conflicts with file from package python-xcffib-0.5.1-1.fc26.noarch
      file /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xcffib/_ffi.pyo from install of python2-xcffib-0.5.1-5.fc28.noarch conflicts with file from package python-xcffib-0.5.1-1.fc26.noarch
      file /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xcffib/xinput.pyc from install of python2-xcffib-0.5.1-5.fc28.noarch conflicts with file from package python-xcffib-0.5.1-1.fc26.noarch
      file /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xcffib/xinput.pyo from install of python2-xcffib-0.5.1-5.fc28.noarch conflicts with file from package python-xcffib-0.5.1-1.fc26.noarch

To work around this error:

1. Upgrade while excluding the problematic packages by using `-x python2-xcffib -x qubes-gui-vm -x qubes-gui-agent`.
2. Upgrade `python2-xcffib` using `sudo dnf swap python-xcffib python2-xcffib`.
   (This should automatically upgrade the other excluded packages too.)


Qubes 3.2 Instructions
----------------------

### Summary: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28 ###

**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-28`).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-27 fedora-28
        [user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-28 gnome-terminal
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block -A fedora-28 dom0:/var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=28 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing -x python2-tornado distro-sync

    (Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)

        [user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-28

(Optional cleanup: Switch everything over to the new template and delete the old
one. See instructions below for details.)


### Detailed: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28 ###

These instructions will show you how to upgrade the standard Fedora 27
TemplateVM to Fedora 28. The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any
template based on the standard Fedora 27 template.

**Note:** The command-line prompt on each line indicates where each command
should be entered (`@dom0` or `@fedora-28`).

 1. Ensure the existing template is not running.

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-27

 2. Clone the existing template and start a terminal in the new template.

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-27 fedora-28
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-28 gnome-terminal

 3. Attempt the upgrade process in the new template.

        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=28 distro-sync --best --allowerasing

    **Note:** `dnf` might ask you to approve importing a new package signing
    key. For example, you might see a prompt like this one:

        warning: /var/cache/dnf/fedora-d02ca361e1b58501/packages/python2-babel-2.3.4-1.fc28.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 9db62fb1: NOKEY
        Importing GPG key 0x9DB62FB1:
         Userid     : "Fedora (28) <fedora-28-primary@fedoraproject.org>"
         Fingerprint: 128C F232 A937 1991 C8A6 5695 E08E 7E62 9DB6 2FB1
         From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-28-x86_64
        Is this ok [y/N]:

    This key was already checked when it was installed (notice that the "From"
    line refers to a location on your local disk), so you can safely say yes to
    this prompt.

    **Note:** If you encounter no errors, proceed to step 4. If you do encounter
    errors, see the next two points first.

     * If `dnf` reports that you do not have enough free disk space to proceed
       with the upgrade process, create an empty file in dom0 to use as a cache
       and attach it to the template as a virtual disk.

           [user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
           [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block -A fedora-28 dom0:/var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img

       Then reattempt the upgrade process, but this time use the virtual disk
       as a cache.

           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=28 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync

       If this attempt is successful, proceed to step 4.

     * `dnf` may complain:

           At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem.

       In this case, one option is to [resize the TemplateVM's disk
       image][resize-disk-image] before reattempting the upgrade process.
       (See [Additional Information] below for other options.)

 4. Shut down the new TemplateVM (from the command-line or Qubes VM Manager).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-28

 5. Remove the cache file, if you created one.

        [user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img

 6. Trim the new template (see [Compacting the Upgraded Template] for details
    and other options).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-28

 7. (Recommended) [Switch everything that was set to the old template to the new
    template.][switching-3.2]

 8. (Optional) Remove the old template. (Make sure to type `fedora-27`, not
    `fedora-28`.)

        [user@dom0 ~]$ sudo dnf remove qubes-template-fedora-27


### Compacting the Upgraded Template ###

Neither `fstrim` nor the `discard` mount option works on the TemplateVM's root
filesystem, so when a file is removed in the template, space is not freed in
dom0. This means that the template will use about twice as much space as is
really necessary after upgrading.

You can use the `qvm-trim-template` tool:

    [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-28


### Upgrading StandaloneVMs ###

The procedure for upgrading a StandaloneVM from Fedora 27 to Fedora 28 is the
same as for a TemplateVM, except that `qvm-trim-template` does not work on
StandaloneVMs. Instead, you should run the following command inside the
StandaloneVM in order to compact it:

    $ sudo fstrim -v -a


### Summary: Upgrading the Minimal Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28 ###

**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-28`).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-27-minimal fedora-28-minimal
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -u root -a fedora-28-minimal xterm
        [root@fedora-28-minimal ~]# dnf clean all
        [user@fedora-28-minimal ~]# dnf --releasever=28 --best --allowerasing distro-sync

    (Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-trim-template fedora-28-minimal

(If you encounter insufficient space issues, you may need to use the methods
described for the standard template above.)


Qubes 4.0 Instructions
----------------------

### Summary: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28 ###

**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-28`).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-27 fedora-28
        [user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-28 gnome-terminal
        [user@dom0 ~]$ dev=$(sudo losetup -f --show /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img)
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block attach fedora-28 dom0:${dev##*/}
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=28 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo fstrim -v /

    (Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)

        [user@dom0 ~]$ sudo losetup -d $dev
        [user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img

(Optional cleanup: Switch everything over to the new template and delete the old
one. See instructions below for details.)


### Detailed: Upgrading the Standard Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28 ###

These instructions will show you how to upgrade the standard Fedora 27
TemplateVM to Fedora 28. The same general procedure may be used to upgrade any
template based on the standard Fedora 27 template.

**Note:** The command-line prompt on each line indicates where each command
should be entered (`@dom0` or `@fedora-28`).

 1. Ensure the existing template is not running.

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-27

 2. Clone the existing template and start a terminal in the new template.

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-27 fedora-28
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -a fedora-28 gnome-terminal

 3. Attempt the upgrade process in the new template.

        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=28 distro-sync --best --allowerasing

    **Note:** `dnf` might ask you to approve importing a new package signing
    key. For example, you might see a prompt like this one:

        warning: /var/cache/dnf/fedora-d02ca361e1b58501/packages/python2-babel-2.3.4-1.fc28.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 9db62fb1: NOKEY
        Importing GPG key 0x9DB62FB1:
         Userid     : "Fedora (28) <fedora-28-primary@fedoraproject.org>"
         Fingerprint: 128C F232 A937 1991 C8A6 5695 E08E 7E62 9DB6 2FB1
         From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-28-x86_64
        Is this ok [y/N]:

    This key was already checked when it was installed (notice that the "From"
    line refers to a location on your local disk), so you can safely say yes to
    this prompt.

    **Note:** If you encounter no errors, proceed to step 4. If you do encounter
    errors, see the next two points first.

     * If `dnf` reports that you do not have enough free disk space to proceed
       with the upgrade process, create an empty file in dom0 to use as a cache
       and attach it to the template as a virtual disk.

           [user@dom0 ~]$ truncate -s 5GB /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img
           [user@dom0 ~]$ dev=$(sudo losetup -f --show /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img)
           [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-block attach fedora-28 dom0:${dev##*/}

       Then reattempt the upgrade process, but this time use the virtual disk
       as a cache.

           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdi
           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo mount /dev/xvdi /mnt/removable
           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf clean all
           [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo dnf --releasever=28 --setopt=cachedir=/mnt/removable --best --allowerasing distro-sync

       If this attempt is successful, proceed to step 4.

     * `dnf` may complain:

           At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem.

       In this case, one option is to [resize the TemplateVM's disk
       image][resize-disk-image] before reattempting the upgrade process.
       (See [Additional Information] below for other options.)

 4. Trim the new template.

        [user@fedora-28 ~]$ sudo fstrim -v /

 5. Shut down the new TemplateVM (from the command-line or Qubes VM Manager).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-shutdown fedora-28

 6. Remove the cache file, if you created one.

        [user@dom0 ~]$ sudo losetup -d $dev
        [user@dom0 ~]$ rm /var/tmp/template-upgrade-cache.img

 7. (Recommended) [Switch everything that was set to the old template to the new
    template.][switching-4.0]

 8. (Optional) Remove the old template. (Make sure to type `fedora-27`, not
    `fedora-28`.)

        [user@dom0 ~]$ sudo dnf remove qubes-template-fedora-27


### Upgrading StandaloneVMs ###

The procedure for upgrading a StandaloneVM from Fedora 27 to Fedora 28 is the
same as for a TemplateVM.


### Summary: Upgrading the Minimal Fedora 27 Template to Fedora 28 ###

**Note:** The prompt on each line indicates where each command should be entered
(`@dom0` or `@fedora-28`).

        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-clone fedora-27-minimal fedora-28-minimal
        [user@dom0 ~]$ qvm-run -u root -a fedora-28-minimal xterm
        [root@fedora-28-minimal ~]# dnf clean all
        [user@fedora-28-minimal ~]# dnf --releasever=28 --best --allowerasing distro-sync
        [user@fedora-28-minimal ~]# fstrim -v /

    (Shut down TemplateVM by any normal means.)

(If you encounter insufficient space issues, you may need to use the methods
described for the standard template above.)


Additional Information
----------------------

As mentioned above, you may encounter the following `dnf` error:

    At least X MB more space needed on the / filesystem.

In this case, you have several options:

 1. [Increase the TemplateVM's disk image size][resize-disk-image].
    This is the solution mentioned in the main instructions above.
 2. Delete files in order to free up space. One way to do this is by
    uninstalling packages. You may then reinstalling them again after you
    finish the upgrade process, if desired). However, you may end up having to
    increase the disk image size anyway (see previous option).
 3. Do the upgrade in parts, e.g., by using package groups. (First upgrade
    `@core` packages, then the rest.)
 4. Do not perform an in-place upgrade. Instead, simply download and install a
    new template package, then redo all desired template modifications.

    With regard to the last option, here are some useful messages from the
    mailing list which also apply to TemplateVM management and migration in
    general:

     * [Marek](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/mCXkxlACILQ/dS1jbLRP9n8J)
     * [Jason M](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/qubes-users/mCXkxlACILQ/5PxDfI-RKAsJ)


[TemplateVM]: /doc/templates/
[Fedora TemplateVM]: /doc/templates/fedora/
[resize-disk-image]: /doc/resize-disk-image/
[Additional Information]: #additional-information
[Compacting the Upgraded Template]: #compacting-the-upgraded-template
[switching-3.2]: /doc/templates/#how-to-switch-templates-32
[switching-4.0]: /doc/templates/#how-to-switch-templates-40
[DispVM]: /doc/dispvm/