organize chapters for the new work, add some recent research, remove dead links

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# Curated Resources on Quantum Computing ## quantum computing toolkit
<br>
### tl; dr
## Intro to Quantum Computing <br>
### Articles #### ⚛️ quantum computing technology starts a new exciting era in humanity, combining quantum mechanics, security, artificial intelligence, and computing technologies.
#### ⚛️ once quantum computers become available, some of the main asymmetric algorithms used in cryptography will no longer be safe.
#### ⚛️ the purpose of this repository is to keep a list of high-quality curated resources on the current state of quantum computing hardware and software, and its implications for post-quantum cryptography.
* [Quantum computing for the very curious, bv Michael Nielsen](https://quantum.country/qcvc). <br>
### Videos ----
* [John Preskill on Quantum Computing - Ycombinator](https://blog.ycombinator.com/john-preskill-on-quantum-computing/). ### chapters
* [Simon Benjamin on Architectures for Quantum Computing - Ycombinator](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHZKDTJJknE).
### Books <br>
* [Introduction to Quantum Information, M. von Steinkirch](http://www.astro.sunysb.edu/steinkirch/books/qi.pdf). * **[quantum computing](quantum_computing)**
* **[quantum supremacy](quantum_supremacy)**
### Linear Algebra * **[quantum software](quantum_software)**
* **[quantum hardware](quantum_hardware)**
* [MIT Linear Algebra Course](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06-linear-algebra-spring-2010/video-lectures/). * **[quantum machine learning](quantum_machine_learning)**
* [Essence of linear algebra videos](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDPD3MizzM2xVFitgF8hE_ab). * **[the nisq era](the_nisq_era)**
* **[post-quantum crypto](post_quantum_crypto)**
* **[for blockchains](blockchains)**
### Lectures & MOOCs
* [Lecture on Quantum Computation by David Deutsch](http://www.quiprocone.org/Protected/DD_lectures.htm).
* [Quantum Computing for the Determined by Michael Nielsen](http://michaelnielsen.org/blog/quantum-computing-for-the-determined/).
## Quantum Teleportation
* [How quantum teleportation works, by Michael Nielsen, 2019](https://quantum.country/teleportation).
* [Quantum scrambling and teleportation, by Victory Omole, 2019](https://vtomole.com/blog/2019/06/08/scrambling)
## Quantum Supremacy
### Articles
* [Scott Aaaronsons Supreme Quantum Supremacy FAQ!](https://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=4317).
* [Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor, Nature](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1666-5).
* [Quantum supremacy: the gloves are off, by Scott Aaronson](https://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=4372).
* [Unpacking the Quantum Supremacy Benchmark with Python](https://medium.com/@sohaib.alam/unpacking-the-quantum-supremacy-benchmark-with-python-67a46709d).
### Videos
* [Google's Quantum supremacy explained](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gylmjTOUfCQ&feature=youtu.be).
## Quantum Software
* [Overview and Comparison of Gate Level Quantum Software Platforms](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.02500.pdf).
* [Making Quantum Computing Open: Lessons from Open-Source Projects](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.00991.pdf).
* [Open-source in Quantum Computing](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1812.09167.pdf).
## NISQ Era
* [Quantum Computing in th NISQ era and Beyond, John Preskill](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1801.00862.pdf).
## Quantum Games
* [The History of Games for Quantum Computers, by James Wootton](https://medium.com/@decodoku/the-history-of-games-for-quantum-computers-a1de98859b5a).
## Applications for Quantum Computing
* [The Potential Impact of Quantum Computers on Society](https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.05380).
* [Volkswagen to Test Quantum Navigation App in Real Traffic](https://www.wsj.com/articles/volkswagen-to-test-quantum-navigation-app-in-real-traffic-11572553300).
## Quantum Machine Learning
* [Simulating Physics with Computers](https://www.dwavesys.com/sites/default/files/2018-04-04%20-%20Max%20Henderson%20-%20Quantum%20Machine%20Learning%20for%20Election%20Modeling.pdf).
## Software
### Cirq
#### Videos
* [Programming a quantum computer with Cirq](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16ZfkPRVf2w&feature=youtu.be).
### s2n
* [s2n : an implementation of the TLS/SSL protocols (with post-quantum hybrid options)](https://github.com/awslabs/s2n).
## Hardware
* [This is what a 50-qubit quantum computer looks like](https://www.engadget.com/2018/01/09/this-is-what-a-50-qubit-quantum-computer-looks-like/).
### Quantum Annealers
* [D-Wave 2000Q System](https://www.dwavesys.com/d-wave-two-system).
* [Traffic flow optimization using a quantum annealer](https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.01625).
* [When can Quantum Annealing win?](https://ai.googleblog.com/2015/12/when-can-quantum-annealing-win.html)
## Post-Quantum & Crypto
* [How Quantum Computers Break Encryption | Shor's Algorithm Explained](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvTqbM5Dq4Q&t=160s).
### Algorithms
* [SIKE](https://sike.org/).
* [BIKE](https://bikesuite.org/).
### Articles
#### 2019
* [NIST's PQC Standardization Process: Second Round Candidate Announcement](https://csrc.nist.gov/news/2019/pqc-standardization-process-2nd-round-candidates).
* [Prototyping post-quantum and hybrid key exchange
and authentication in TLS and SSH (from AWS and Microsoft folks)](https://openquantumsafe.org/papers/NISTPQC-CroPaqSte19.pdf).
### Whitepapers
#### 2018
* [Cryptography in a post-quantum world](https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/PDF-87/Accenture-809668-Quantum-Cryptography-Whitepaper-v05.pdf#zoom=50).
<br>
---
### some of bt3gl's work from the last decade+
<br>
* **[DEF CON 23 talk on hacking quantum computing](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Fp6ibfOQ4Y)**
* **[graduate book on quantum information](http://www.astro.sunysb.edu/steinkirch/books/qi.pdf)**
* **[graduate book on quantum field theory](https://www.astro.sunysb.edu/steinkirch/books/qft.pdf)**
* **[whitepaper on "the study of the potts model, tutte and chromatic polynomials, and the connections with computation complexity and quantum computing"](https://www.astro.sunysb.edu/steinkirch/reviews/potts_model_paper.pdf)**
* **[handwritten notes on topological quantum field theory (and the chern-simons theory)](https://www.astro.sunysb.edu/steinkirch/books/tqfts.pdf)**
* **[quantum teleportation demo in cirq](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGYMrXpQT-8)**
* **[curiee, a former 501(c)(3) for hackers to learn qc](http://web.archive.org/web/20200426052315/http://curiee.com/)**

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## for blockchains
<br>
* **[should crypto fear quantum computing, by ledger](https://www.ledger.com/blog/should-crypto-fear-quantum-computing)**
* **[quantum proof keypairs with ECDSA + ZK, discussion by yush_g](https://ethresear.ch/t/quantum-proof-keypairs-with-ecdsa-zk/14901)**
* **[how to hard-fork to save most users funds in a quantum emergency, by vub](https://ethresear.ch/t/how-to-hard-fork-to-save-most-users-funds-in-a-quantum-emergency/18901)**
* **[possible futures of the ethereum protocol, part 6: the slurge, by vub](https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2024/10/29/futures6.html)**
* **[asynchronous multi-party quantum computation, by simons institute](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XK-SO55DTaQ)**

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## Quantum Computing Glossary
* **Superposition**: allows a quantum computers memory to be in many classical states "at the
same time", each state having a certain weight or "amplitude" (which may be negative).
* **Interference**: allows different superpositions to combine in a way that is similar to waves:
positive and negative amplitudes will cancel each other out, while amplitudes with the same
sign will add up.
* **Entanglement**: allows different parts of the quantum computer, or even different quantum
computers that are far away from each other, to be correlated in ways that are not possible
classically
* **Quantum information scrambling**: when local information is thrown into a disorder throughout a quantum system.

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## post-quantum cryptography
<br>
* **[how quantum computers break encryption: shor's algorithm explained](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvTqbM5Dq4Q&t=160s)**
* **[supersingular isogeny key encapsulation (SIKE)](https://sike.org/)**
* **[bit flipping key encapsulation (BIKE)](https://bikesuite.org/)**
* **[nist's pqc standardization process: second round candidate announcement](https://csrc.nist.gov/news/2019/pqc-standardization-process-2nd-round-candidates)**
* **[prototyping post-quantum and hybrid key exchange and authentication in TLS and SSH](https://openquantumsafe.org/papers/NISTPQC-CroPaqSte19.pdf)**
* **[when will a quantum computer running shor's algorithm be used to factor one of the rsa numbers for the first time?](https://www.metaculus.com/questions/3684/when-will-a-quantum-computer-running-shors-algorithm-or-a-similar-one-be-used-to-factor-one-of-the-rsa-numbers-for-the-first-time/)**
* **[minimum quantum assumptions for cryptography workshop, simons institute](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgKuh-lKre12DNtplRAQIwbJf_46HSMfB)**

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## introduction to quantum computing
<br>
### general resources
<br>
* **[simulating physics with computers, by feynman](https://catonmat.net/ftp/simulating-physics-with-computers-richard-feynman.pdf)**
* **[quantum computing for the very curious, by nielsen](https://quantum.country/qcvc)**
* **[quantum computing in the NISQ era and beyond, by preskill](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1801.00862.pdf)**
* **[quantum mechanical computers, by feynman](http://www.quantum-dynamic.eu/doc/feynman85_qmc_optics_letters.pdf)**
* **[scott aaronson on quantum computing, ai podcast #72](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uX5t8EivCaM)**
* **[john preskill on quantum computing, ycombinator](https://blog.ycombinator.com/john-preskill-on-quantum-computing/)**
* **[simon Benjamin on quantum computing, ycombinator](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHZKDTJJknE)**
* **[quantum computation and quantum information,by mike & ike](https://www.amazon.com/Quantum-Computation-Information-10th-Anniversary/dp/1107002176)**
* **[quantum computing, by j. hidary](https://github.com/JackHidary/quantumcomputingbook)**
* **[a course in quantum computing](http://lapastillaroja.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Intro_to_QC_Vol_1_Loceff.pdf)**
* **[lecture on quantum computation, by d. deutsch](http://www.quiprocone.org/Protected/DD_lectures.htm)**
* **[quantum computing for the determined, by m. nielsen](http://michaelnielsen.org/blog/quantum-computing-for-the-determined/)**
<br>
---
### quantum mechanics
<br>
* **[mit linear algebra course](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/18-06-linear-algebra-spring-2010/)**
* **[the essence of linear algebra videos](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDPD3MizzM2xVFitgF8hE_ab)**
* **[susskind's stanford introduction to quantum mechanics](http://theoreticalminimum.com/courses/quantum-mechanics/2012/winter/lecture-1)**
* **[quantum mechanics explained](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Usu9xZfabPM)**
<br>
---
### quantum teleportation
<br>
* **[how quantum teleportation works, by m. nielsen](https://quantum.country/teleportation)**
* **[quantum scrambling and teleportation, by v. omole](https://vtomole.com/blog/2019/06/08/scrambling)**

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## quantum hardware
<br>
### arranging multiple coherent qubits together
<br>
* **[this is what a 50-qubit quantum computer looks like](https://www.engadget.com/2018/01/09/this-is-what-a-50-qubit-quantum-computer-looks-like/)**
<br>
---
### trapped ion
<br>
* **[demonstration of the QCCD trapped-ion quantum computer architecture, by honeywell](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03318-4)**
<br>
---
### quantum annealers
<br>
* **[d-wave 2000Q system](https://www.dwavesys.com/d-wave-two-system)**
* **[traffic flow optimization using a quantum annealer](https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.01625)**
* **[when can quantum annealing win?](https://ai.googleblog.com/2015/12/when-can-quantum-annealing-win.html)**
<br>
---
### topological quantum computers
<br>
* **[developing a topological qubit](https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/quantum/2018/09/06/developing-a-topological-qubit/)**
<br>

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## quantum machine learning
<br>
* **[opportunities and challenges for quantum-assisted ml in nisq](https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2058-9565/aab859)**

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## quantum software
<br>
### general resources
<br>
* **[overview and comparison of gate level quantum software platforms](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.02500.pdf)**
* **[making quantum computing open: lessons from open-source projects](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.00991.pdf)**
* **[open-source in quantum computing](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1812.09167.pdf)**
<br>
---
### qiskit
<br>
* **[qiskit textbook](https://qiskit.org/textbook/preface.html)**
<br>
---
### cirq
<br>
* **[programming a quantum computer with cirq](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16ZfkPRVf2w&feature=youtu.be)**
<br>
----
### pyQuil
<br>
* **[pyquil official docs](https://docs.rigetti.com/)**
* **[warsaw quantum computing group: "introduction to programming quantum computers using pyquil"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPGcmK0ftXU&feature=youtu.be)**
<br>
---
### Q#
<br>
* **[intro to QC with Q#](https://www.strathweb.com/2020/03/intro-to-quantum-computing-with-q-part-1-the-background-and-the-qubit/?utm_source=Morning+Cup+of+Coding&utm_campaign=eba87cf845-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_04_13_08_11&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_56b5f64c5f-eba87cf845-195928761)**
<br>
---
### s2n
<br>
* **[s2n: an implementation of the TLS/SSL protocols (with post-quantum hybrid options)](https://github.com/awslabs/s2n)**

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## quantum supremacy
<br>
* **[scott aaronsons supreme quantum supremacy faq](https://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=4317)**
* **[quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor, nature](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1666-5)**
* **[quantum supremacy: the gloves are off, by s. aaronson](https://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=4372)**
* **[unpacking the quantum supremacy benchmark with python](https://medium.com/@sohaib.alam/unpacking-the-quantum-supremacy-benchmark-with-python-67a46709d)**
* **[google's quantum supremacy explained](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gylmjTOUfCQ&feature=youtu.be)**
* **[the race for quantum supremacy, by vice](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lIfbqfoGMo&feature=emb_logo)**

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## the NISQ era
<br>
* **[quantum computing in the NISQ era and beyond, by john preskill](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1801.00862.pdf)**
* **[the history of games for quantum computers, by james wootton](https://medium.com/@decodoku/the-history-of-games-for-quantum-computers-a1de98859b5a)**
* **[the potential impact of quantum computers on society](https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.05380)**
* **[volkswagen to test quantum navigation app in real traffic](https://www.wsj.com/articles/volkswagen-to-test-quantum-navigation-app-in-real-traffic-11572553300)**
* **[quantum computing: between hope and hope, by scott aaronson](https://scottaaronson.blog/?p=8329)**