Add alternative networks (#2506)

Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
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Jonah Aragon 2024-04-10 10:40:27 +00:00 committed by Daniel Gray
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@ -58,14 +58,38 @@ All contributors to the site are listed [here](https://github.com/privacyguides/
## Mirrors ## Mirrors
- **GitHub Pages:** [privacyguides.github.io/privacyguides.org](https://privacyguides.github.io/privacyguides.org/en/)
- **Netlify (AWS):** [illustrious-bavarois-56cf30.netlify.app](https://illustrious-bavarois-56cf30.netlify.app/en/)
- **BunnyCDN:** [privacyguides-org-production.b-cdn.net](https://privacyguides-org-production.b-cdn.net/en/)
- **Hetzner:** [direct.privacyguides.org](https://direct.privacyguides.org/en/) (discouraged!)
### Alternative Networks
> [!NOTE]
> Most hidden service providers are not very extensively used or tested, [which is why we strongly recommend Tor](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/tor/). Using other networks could be more likely to endanger your anonymity, so make sure you know what you're doing.
- **Tor/onion:** [xoe4vn5uwdztif6goazfbmogh6wh5jc4up35bqdflu6bkdc5cas5vjqd.onion](http://www.xoe4vn5uwdztif6goazfbmogh6wh5jc4up35bqdflu6bkdc5cas5vjqd.onion)
- **IPFS:** `/ipns/ipfs.privacyguides.org` (**not** anonymous)
- Please help us out by pinning a copy: [Learn more](https://github.com/privacyguides/webserver/blob/main/ipfs/README.md)
- via Cloudflare: [cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipns/ipfs.privacyguides.org](https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipns/ipfs.privacyguides.org/en/)
- via 4everland: [ipfs-privacyguides-org.ipns.4everland.io](https://ipfs-privacyguides-org.ipns.4everland.io/)
- via [@jonaharagon](https://github.com/jonaharagon): [ipfs.jonaharagon.net/ipns/ipfs.privacyguides.org](https://ipfs.jonaharagon.net/ipns/ipfs.privacyguides.org/en/)
- via [peer](https://docs.ipfs.tech/how-to/peering-with-content-providers/): `/dnsaddr/node-1.ipfs.jonaharagon.net/p2p/12D3KooWMwqzuApCKxYfo66zq5BrTjCoz9naJ1rrMEBCnwuGGqWB`
- **I2P:** [privacyguides.i2p](http://privacyguides.i2p/?i2paddresshelper=fvbkmooriuqgssrjvbxu7nrwms5zyhf34r3uuppoakwwsm7ysv6q.b32.i2p)
- **Yggdrasil:** [http://[200:f3a6:4922:e067:770d:ac57:fcb1:8dbf]](http://[200:f3a6:4922:e067:770d:ac57:fcb1:8dbf]/en/) (**not** anonymous)
- via public peer: `tcp://5.161.245.8:45454`
### Git Mirrors
[![GitHub](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=github&label=&message=GitHub&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) [![GitHub](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=github&label=&message=GitHub&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
[![GitLab](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=gitlab&label=&message=GitLab&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://gitlab.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) [![GitLab](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=gitlab&label=&message=GitLab&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://gitlab.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
[![Codeberg](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=codeberg&label=&message=Codeberg&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://codeberg.org/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) [![Codeberg](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=codeberg&label=&message=Codeberg&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://codeberg.org/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
[![Gitea](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=gitea&label=&message=Gitea&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://code.privacyguides.dev/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) [![Gitea](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=gitea&label=&message=Gitea&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://code.privacyguides.dev/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
[![Forgejo](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=forgejo&label=&message=Forgejo&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://git.jonaharagon.net/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) [![Forgejo](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=forgejo&label=&message=Forgejo&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://git.jonaharagon.net/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
**Hidden service (Tor/onion):** [xoe4vn5uwdztif6goazfbmogh6wh5jc4up35bqdflu6bkdc5cas5vjqd.onion](http://www.xoe4vn5uwdztif6goazfbmogh6wh5jc4up35bqdflu6bkdc5cas5vjqd.onion)
## License ## License
Copyright &copy; 2019 - 2024 [Privacy Guides contributors](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors). Copyright &copy; 2019 - 2024 [Privacy Guides contributors](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors).

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@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ extra:
translation_notice: translation_notice:
notice: !ENV TRANSLATION_NOTICE notice: !ENV TRANSLATION_NOTICE
cta: !ENV [TRANSLATION_NOTICE_CTA, "Visit Crowdin"] cta: !ENV [TRANSLATION_NOTICE_CTA, "Visit Crowdin"]
language: !ENV LANG_ENGLISH language: !ENV SITE_LANGUAGE_ENGLISH
social: social:
- icon: simple/mastodon - icon: simple/mastodon
link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
@ -406,6 +406,7 @@ nav:
- "desktop.md" - "desktop.md"
- "router.md" - "router.md"
- !ENV [NAV_ADVANCED, "Advanced"]: - !ENV [NAV_ADVANCED, "Advanced"]:
- "alternative-networks.md"
- "device-integrity.md" - "device-integrity.md"
- !ENV [NAV_ABOUT, "About"]: - !ENV [NAV_ABOUT, "About"]:
- "about/index.md" - "about/index.md"

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@ -4,11 +4,21 @@ icon: 'simple/torproject'
description: Tor is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible. description: Tor is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible.
--- ---
Tor is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible. If used properly, the network enables private and anonymous browsing and communications. ![Tor logo](../assets/img/self-contained-networks/tor.svg){ align=right }
[**Tor**](../alternative-networks.md#tor) is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible. If used properly, the network enables private and anonymous browsing and communications. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.
Tor works by routing your internet traffic through volunteer-operated servers, instead of making a direct connection to the site you're trying to visit. This obfuscates where the traffic is coming from, and no server in the connection path is able to see the full path of where the traffic is coming from and going to, meaning even the servers you are using to connect cannot break your anonymity.
[:octicons-home-16:](https://torproject.org){ .card-link title=Homepage }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tb-manual.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/core/tor){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Contribute }
## Safely Connecting to Tor ## Safely Connecting to Tor
Before connecting to [Tor](../tor.md), you should carefully consider what you're looking to accomplish by using Tor in the first place, and who you're trying to hide your network activity from. Before connecting to Tor, you should carefully consider what you're looking to accomplish by using Tor in the first place, and who you're trying to hide your network activity from.
If you live in a free country, are accessing mundane content via Tor, aren't worried about your ISP or local network administrators having the knowledge that you're using Tor, and want to help [de-stigmatize](https://2019.www.torproject.org/about/torusers.html.en) Tor usage, you can likely connect to Tor directly via standard means like [Tor Browser](../tor.md) without worry. If you live in a free country, are accessing mundane content via Tor, aren't worried about your ISP or local network administrators having the knowledge that you're using Tor, and want to help [de-stigmatize](https://2019.www.torproject.org/about/torusers.html.en) Tor usage, you can likely connect to Tor directly via standard means like [Tor Browser](../tor.md) without worry.

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@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
---
title: "Alternative Networks"
icon: material/vector-polygon
description: These tools allow you to access networks other than the World Wide Web.
cover: alternative-networks.webp
---
## Anonymizing Networks
When it comes to anonymizing networks, we want to specially note that [Tor](advanced/tor-overview.md) is our top choice. It is by far the most utilized, robustly studied, and actively developed anonymous network. Using other networks could be more likely to endanger your anonymity, unless you know what you're doing.
### Tor
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![Tor logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/tor.svg){ align=right }
The **Tor** network is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows you to connect for free and improve your privacy and security on the Internet. Individuals and organizations can also share information over the Tor network with ".onion hidden services" without compromising their privacy. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.
[:octicons-home-16:](https://torproject.org){ .card-link title=Homepage }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tb-manual.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/core/tor){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Contribute }
</div>
The recommended way to access the Tor network is via the official Tor Browser, which we have covered in more detail on a dedicated page:
[Tor Browser Info :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](tor.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Detailed Tor Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }
<div class="admonition example" markdown>
<p class="admonition-title">Try it out!</p>
You can try connecting to *Privacy Guides* via Tor at [xoe4vn5uwdztif6goazfbmogh6wh5jc4up35bqdflu6bkdc5cas5vjqd.onion](http://www.xoe4vn5uwdztif6goazfbmogh6wh5jc4up35bqdflu6bkdc5cas5vjqd.onion).
</div>
#### Snowflake
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Snowflake** allows you to donate bandwidth to the Tor Project by operating a "Snowflake proxy" within your browser.
People who are censored can use Snowflake proxies to connect to the Tor network. Snowflake is a great way to contribute to the network even if you don't have the technical know-how to run a Tor relay or bridge.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://snowflake.torproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake/-/wikis/Technical%20Overview){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Contribute }
</details>
</div>
You can enable Snowflake in your browser by opening it in another tab and turning the switch on. You can leave it running in the background while you browse to contribute your connection. We don't recommend installing Snowflake as a browser extension, because adding third-party extensions can increase your attack surface.
[Run Snowflake in your Browser :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://snowflake.torproject.org/embed.html){ .md-button }
Snowflake does not increase your privacy in any way, nor is it used to connect to the Tor network within your personal browser. However, if your internet connection is uncensored, you should consider running it to help people in censored networks achieve better privacy themselves. There is no need to worry about which websites people are accessing through your proxy—their visible browsing IP address will match their Tor exit node, not yours.
Running a Snowflake proxy is low-risk, even more so than running a Tor relay or bridge which are already not particularly risky endeavours. However, it does still proxy traffic through your network which can be impactful in some ways, especially if your network is bandwidth-limited. Make sure you understand [how Snowflake works](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake/-/wikis/home) before deciding whether to run a proxy.
### I2P (The Invisible Internet Project)
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![I2P logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/i2p.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![I2P logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/i2p-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**I2P** is an network layer which encrypts your connections and routes them via a network of computers distributed around the world. It is mainly focused on creating an alternative, privacy-protecting network rather than making regular internet connections anonymous.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://geti2p.net/en){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://geti2p.net/en/about/software){ .card-link title=Documentation }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/i2p/i2p.i2p){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://geti2p.net/en/get-involved){ .card-link title=Contribute }
<details class="downloads" markdown>
<summary>Downloads</summary>
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.i2p.android)
- [:simple-android: Android](https://geti2p.net/en/download#android)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://geti2p.net/en/download#windows)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://geti2p.net/en/download#mac)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://geti2p.net/en/download#unix)
</details>
</div>
Unlike Tor, all I2P traffic is internal to the I2P network, which means regular internet websites are **not** directly accessible from I2P. Instead, you can connect to websites which are hosted anonymously and directly on the I2P network, which are called "eepsites" and have domains which end in `.i2p`.
<div class="admonition example" markdown>
<p class="admonition-title">Try it out!</p>
You can try connecting to *Privacy Guides* via I2P at [privacyguides.i2p](http://privacyguides.i2p/?i2paddresshelper=fvbkmooriuqgssrjvbxu7nrwms5zyhf34r3uuppoakwwsm7ysv6q.b32.i2p).
</div>
Also unlike Tor, every I2P node will relay traffic for other users by default, instead of relying on dedicated relay volunteers to run nodes. There are approximately [10,000](https://metrics.torproject.org/networksize.html) relays and bridges on the Tor network compared to ~50,000 on I2P, meaning there is potentially more ways for your traffic to be routed to maximize anonymity. I2P also tends to be more performant than Tor, although this is likely a side-effect of Tor being more focused on regular "clearnet" internet traffic and thus using more bottlenecked exit nodes. Hidden service performance is generally considered to be much better on I2P compared to Tor. While running P2P applications like BitTorrent is challenging on Tor (and can massively impact Tor network performance), it is very easy and performant on I2P.
There are downsides to I2P's approach, however. Tor relying on dedicated exit nodes means more people in less safe environments can use it, and the relays that do exist on Tor are likely to be more performant and stable, as they generally aren't run on residential connections. Tor is also far more focused on **browser privacy** (i.e. anti-fingerprinting), with a dedicated [Tor Browser](tor.md) to make browsing activity as anonymous as possible. I2P is used via your [regular web browser](desktop-browsers.md), and while you can configure your browser to be more privacy-protecting, you probably still won't have the same browser fingerprint as other I2P users, there's no "crowd" to blend in with in that regard.
Tor is likely to be more resistant to censorship, due to their robust network of bridges and varying [pluggable transports](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/circumvention), but on the other hand I2P uses directory servers for the initial connection which are varying/untrusted and run by volunteers, compared to the hard-coded/trusted ones Tor uses which are likely easier to block.

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@ -151,13 +151,13 @@ Firefox (Gecko)-based browsers on Android [lack per-site process isolation](http
<details class="downloads" markdown> <details class="downloads" markdown>
<summary>Downloads</summary> <summary>Downloads</summary>
- [:simple-fdroid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/us.spotco.fennec_dos/) - [:simple-fdroid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/us.spotco.fennec_dos)
</details> </details>
</div> </div>
Enable DivestOS's [F-Droid Repo](https://divestos.org/fdroid/official/) to receive updates directly from the developer. Downloading Mull from the default F-Droid repo will mean your updates could be delayed by a few days or longer. Enable DivestOS's [F-Droid Repo](https://divestos.org/fdroid/official) to receive updates directly from the developer. Downloading Mull from the default F-Droid repo will mean your updates could be delayed by a few days or longer.
Mull enables many features upstreamed by the [Tor uplift project](https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Tor_Uplift) using preferences from [Arkenfox](desktop-browsers.md#arkenfox-advanced). Proprietary blobs are removed from Mozilla's code using the scripts developed for Fennec F-Droid. Mull enables many features upstreamed by the [Tor uplift project](https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Tor_Uplift) using preferences from [Arkenfox](desktop-browsers.md#arkenfox-advanced). Proprietary blobs are removed from Mozilla's code using the scripts developed for Fennec F-Droid.

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@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ Proton Pass is an open-source, end-to-end encrypted password manager developed b
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/pass){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/pass){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/pass/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/pass/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/pass){ .card-link title="Documentation"} [:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/pass){ .card-link title="Documentation"}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/protonpass/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/protonpass){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
<details class="downloads" markdown> <details class="downloads" markdown>
<summary>Downloads</summary> <summary>Downloads</summary>
@ -211,10 +211,10 @@ Proton Pass is an open-source, end-to-end encrypted password manager developed b
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=proton.android.pass) - [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=proton.android.pass)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/proton-pass-password-manager/id6443490629) - [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/proton-pass-password-manager/id6443490629)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://proton.me/pass/download) - [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://proton.me/pass/download)
- [:simple-firefoxbrowser: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/proton-pass/) - [:simple-firefoxbrowser: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/proton-pass)
- [:simple-googlechrome: Chrome](https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/proton-pass-free-password/ghmbeldphafepmbegfdlkpapadhbakde) - [:simple-googlechrome: Chrome](https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/proton-pass-free-password/ghmbeldphafepmbegfdlkpapadhbakde)
- [:simple-microsoftedge: Edge](https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/proton-pass-free-password/ghmbeldphafepmbegfdlkpapadhbakde) - [:simple-microsoftedge: Edge](https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/proton-pass-free-password/ghmbeldphafepmbegfdlkpapadhbakde)
- [:octicons-globe-16: Web](https://pass.proton.me/) - [:octicons-globe-16: Web](https://pass.proton.me)
</details> </details>
@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ All issues were addressed and fixed shortly after the [report](https://res.cloud
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://1password.com/downloads/windows) - [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://1password.com/downloads/windows)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://1password.com/downloads/mac) - [:simple-apple: macOS](https://1password.com/downloads/mac)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://1password.com/downloads/linux) - [:simple-linux: Linux](https://1password.com/downloads/linux)
- [:simple-firefoxbrowser: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1password-x-password-manager/) - [:simple-firefoxbrowser: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/1password-x-password-manager)
- [:simple-googlechrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/1password-%E2%80%93-password-mana/aeblfdkhhhdcdjpifhhbdiojplfjncoa) - [:simple-googlechrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/1password-%E2%80%93-password-mana/aeblfdkhhhdcdjpifhhbdiojplfjncoa)
- [:simple-microsoftedge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/dppgmdbiimibapkepcbdbmkaabgiofem) - [:simple-microsoftedge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/dppgmdbiimibapkepcbdbmkaabgiofem)
- [:simple-safari: Safari](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/1password-for-safari/id1569813296) - [:simple-safari: Safari](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/1password-for-safari/id1569813296)

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@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy.
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information.
Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't believe that to be an issue as they have a distinctly separate [privacy policy](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy). The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2020/05/03/relisting-startpage/) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service, and we were satisfied with the answers we received. Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't believe that to be an issue as they have a distinctly separate [privacy policy](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy). The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2020/05/03/relisting-startpage) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service, and we were satisfied with the answers we received.
Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](tor.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](vpn.md) users. Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](tor.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](vpn.md) users.

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@ -483,6 +483,15 @@ For encrypting your operating system drive, we typically recommend using whichev
These tools may provide utility for certain individuals. They provide functionality which most people do not need to worry about, and often require more in-depth technical knowledge to utilize effectively. These tools may provide utility for certain individuals. They provide functionality which most people do not need to worry about, and often require more in-depth technical knowledge to utilize effectively.
### Alternative Networks
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![I2P logo](./assets/img/self-contained-networks/i2p.svg#only-light){ .twemoji } ![I2P logo](./assets/img/self-contained-networks/i2p-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [I2P](alternative-networks.md#i2p-the-invisible-internet-project)
- ![Tor logo](./assets/img/self-contained-networks/tor.svg){ .twemoji } [Tor](alternative-networks.md#tor)
</div>
### Device Integrity Verification ### Device Integrity Verification
<div class="grid cards" markdown> <div class="grid cards" markdown>

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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
--- ---
meta_title: "Tor Browser and Network: Anonymous Web Browsing - Privacy Guides" meta_title: "Tor Browser and Network: Anonymous Web Browsing - Privacy Guides"
title: "Tor Network" title: "Tor Browser"
icon: simple/torproject icon: simple/torbrowser
description: Protect your internet browsing from prying eyes by using the Tor network, a secure network which circumvents censorship. description: Protect your internet browsing from prying eyes by using the Tor network, a secure network which circumvents censorship.
cover: tor.webp cover: tor.webp
schema: schema:
@ -23,22 +23,10 @@ schema:
url: "./" url: "./"
--- ---
![Tor logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/tor.svg){ align=right } **Tor** is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows you to connect for free and improve your privacy and security on the Internet. Individuals and organizations can also share information over the Tor network with ".onion hidden services" without compromising their privacy. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.
The **Tor** network is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows you to connect for free and improve your privacy and security on the Internet. Individuals and organizations can also share information over the Tor network with ".onion hidden services" without compromising their privacy. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.
[:octicons-home-16:](https://torproject.org){ .card-link title=Homepage }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tb-manual.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/core/tor){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Tor works by routing your internet traffic through those volunteer-operated servers, instead of making a direct connection to the site you're trying to visit. This obfuscates where the traffic is coming from, and no server in the connection path is able to see the full path of where the traffic is coming from and going to, meaning even the servers you are using to connect cannot break your anonymity.
[Detailed Tor Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button } [Detailed Tor Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }
## Connecting to Tor
<div class="admonition tip" markdown> <div class="admonition tip" markdown>
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p> <p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
@ -52,7 +40,7 @@ Some of these apps are better than others, and again making a determination come
If more complete anonymity is paramount to your situation, you should **only** be using the desktop Tor Browser client, ideally in a [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) + [Qubes](desktop.md#qubes-os) configuration. Mobile browsers are less common on Tor (and more fingerprintable as a result), and other configurations are not as rigorously tested against deanonymization. If more complete anonymity is paramount to your situation, you should **only** be using the desktop Tor Browser client, ideally in a [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) + [Qubes](desktop.md#qubes-os) configuration. Mobile browsers are less common on Tor (and more fingerprintable as a result), and other configurations are not as rigorously tested against deanonymization.
### Tor Browser ## Tor Browser
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown> <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
@ -90,7 +78,7 @@ The Tor Browser is designed to prevent fingerprinting, or identifying you based
In addition to installing Tor Browser on your computer directly, there are also operating systems designed specifically to connect to the Tor network such as [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) on [Qubes OS](desktop.md#qubes-os), which provide even greater security and protections than the standard Tor Browser alone. In addition to installing Tor Browser on your computer directly, there are also operating systems designed specifically to connect to the Tor network such as [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) on [Qubes OS](desktop.md#qubes-os), which provide even greater security and protections than the standard Tor Browser alone.
### Orbot ## Orbot
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown> <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
@ -128,7 +116,7 @@ All versions are signed using the same signature so they should be compatible wi
</div> </div>
### Onion Browser ## Onion Browser
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown> <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
@ -150,35 +138,3 @@ All versions are signed using the same signature so they should be compatible wi
</details> </details>
</div> </div>
## Relays and Bridges
### Snowflake
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Snowflake** allows you to donate bandwidth to the Tor Project by operating a "Snowflake proxy" within your browser.
People who are censored can use Snowflake proxies to connect to the Tor network. Snowflake is a great way to contribute to the network even if you don't have the technical know-how to run a Tor relay or bridge.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://snowflake.torproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake/-/wikis/Technical%20Overview){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org){ .card-link title=Contribute }
</details>
</div>
You can enable Snowflake in your browser by opening it in another tab and turning the switch on. You can leave it running in the background while you browse to contribute your connection. We don't recommend installing Snowflake as a browser extension; adding third-party extensions can increase your attack surface.
[Run Snowflake in your Browser :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://snowflake.torproject.org/embed.html){ .md-button }
Snowflake does not increase your privacy in any way, nor is it used to connect to the Tor network within your personal browser. However, if your internet connection is uncensored, you should consider running it to help people in censored networks achieve better privacy themselves. There is no need to worry about which websites people are accessing through your proxy—their visible browsing IP address will match their Tor exit node, not yours.
Running a Snowflake proxy is low-risk, even moreso than running a Tor relay or bridge which are already not particularly risky endeavours. However, it does still proxy traffic through your network which can be impactful in some ways, especially if your network is bandwidth-limited. Make sure you understand [how Snowflake works](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake/-/wikis/home) before deciding whether to run a proxy.
[^1]: The `IsolateDestAddr` setting is discussed on the [Tor mailing list](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/tor-talk/2012-May/024403.html) and [Whonix's Stream Isolation documentation](https://whonix.org/wiki/Stream_Isolation), where both projects suggest that it is usually not a good approach for most people.

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@ -22,8 +22,6 @@ HOMEPAGE_RSS_STORIES_LINK="https://share.privacyguides.org/web-stories/feed/"
HOMEPAGE_RSS_STORIES_TITLE="Privacy Guides web stories feed" HOMEPAGE_RSS_STORIES_TITLE="Privacy Guides web stories feed"
HOMEPAGE_RSS_FORUM_LINK="https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest.rss" HOMEPAGE_RSS_FORUM_LINK="https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest.rss"
HOMEPAGE_RSS_FORUM_TITLE="Latest Privacy Guides forum topics" HOMEPAGE_RSS_FORUM_TITLE="Latest Privacy Guides forum topics"
LANG="English"
LANG_ENGLISH="English"
NAV_ABOUT="About" NAV_ABOUT="About"
NAV_ADVANCED="Advanced" NAV_ADVANCED="Advanced"
NAV_ADVANCED_TOPICS="Advanced Topics" NAV_ADVANCED_TOPICS="Advanced Topics"
@ -45,6 +43,8 @@ NAV_TECHNICAL_GUIDES="Technical Guides"
NAV_TECHNOLOGY_ESSENTIALS="Technology Essentials" NAV_TECHNOLOGY_ESSENTIALS="Technology Essentials"
NAV_WRITING_GUIDE="Writing Guide" NAV_WRITING_GUIDE="Writing Guide"
SITE_DESCRIPTION="Privacy Guides is your central privacy and security resource to protect yourself online." SITE_DESCRIPTION="Privacy Guides is your central privacy and security resource to protect yourself online."
SITE_LANGUAGE="English"
SITE_LANGUAGE_ENGLISH="English"
SITE_NAME="Privacy Guides" SITE_NAME="Privacy Guides"
SOCIAL_FORUM="Forum" SOCIAL_FORUM="Forum"
SOCIAL_GITHUB="GitHub" SOCIAL_GITHUB="GitHub"
@ -54,5 +54,5 @@ SOCIAL_TOR_SITE="Hidden service"
THEME_AUTO="Switch to system theme" THEME_AUTO="Switch to system theme"
THEME_DARK="Switch to dark mode" THEME_DARK="Switch to dark mode"
THEME_LIGHT="Switch to light mode" THEME_LIGHT="Switch to light mode"
TRANSLATION_NOTICE="You're viewing the $LANG copy of Privacy Guides, translated by our fantastic language team on Crowdin. If you notice an error, or see any untranslated sections on this page, please consider helping out!" TRANSLATION_NOTICE="You're viewing the $SITE_LANGUAGE copy of Privacy Guides, translated by our fantastic language team on Crowdin. If you notice an error, or see any untranslated sections on this page, please consider helping out!"
TRANSLATION_NOTICE_CTA="Visit Crowdin" TRANSLATION_NOTICE_CTA="Visit Crowdin"

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@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
{% include "partials/feedback.html" %} {% include "partials/feedback.html" %}
{% set translation_notice = config.extra.privacy_guides.translation_notice %} {% set translation_notice = config.extra.privacy_guides.translation_notice %}
{% if config.theme.language == "fr" %} {% if config.theme.language == "en" %}
<hr> <hr>
<h2 class="md-feedback__title">Share this website and spread privacy knowledge</h2> <h2 class="md-feedback__title">Share this website and spread privacy knowledge</h2>
<p><input class="admonition quote social-share-text" id="share" type="text" value="Privacy Guides: https://www.privacyguides.org - Cybersecurity resources and privacy-focused tools to protect yourself online" onclick="select()" readonly=""></p> <p><input class="admonition quote social-share-text" id="share" type="text" value="Privacy Guides: https://www.privacyguides.org - Cybersecurity resources and privacy-focused tools to protect yourself online" onclick="select()" readonly=""></p>