diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md
index b8b23445..3d79e21f 100644
--- a/docs/index.md
+++ b/docs/index.md
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Privacy Guides: Your Independent Privacy and Security Resource"
+description: "The most popular & trustworthy non-profit website to find privacy tools and learn about protecting your digital life. Ad & affiliate free, high quality reviews."
template: home.html
social:
cards_layout: home
@@ -41,24 +42,153 @@ schema:
## Why should I care?
-##### “I have nothing to hide. Why should I care about my privacy?”
+> “I have nothing to hide. Why should I care about my privacy?”
Much like the right to interracial marriage, woman's suffrage, freedom of speech, and many others, our right to privacy hasn't always been upheld. In several dictatorships, it still isn't. Generations before ours fought for our right to privacy. ==Privacy is a human right, inherent to all of us,== that we are entitled to (without discrimination).
You shouldn't confuse privacy with secrecy. We know what happens in the bathroom, but you still close the door. That's because you want privacy, not secrecy. **Everyone** has something to protect. Privacy is something that makes us human.
-[:material-book-outline: Why Privacy Matters](basics/why-privacy-matters.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
+[:material-book-outline: Why Privacy Matters](basics/why-privacy-matters.md){ class="md-button" }
## What should I do?
-##### First, you need to make a plan
+> First, you need to make a plan
-Trying to protect all your data from everyone all the time is impractical, expensive, and exhausting. But don't worry! Security is a process, and, by thinking ahead, you can put together a plan that's right for you. Security isn't just about the tools you use or the software you download. Rather, it begins by understanding the unique threats you face, and how you can mitigate them.
+Trying to protect all your data from everyone all the time is impractical, expensive, and exhausting. But don't worry! Security is a process, and, by thinking ahead, you can put together a plan that's right for you. Security isn't just about the *privacy tools* you use or the software you download. Rather, it begins by understanding the unique threats you face, and how you can mitigate them.
==This process of identifying threats and defining countermeasures is called **threat modeling**==, and it forms the basis of every good security and privacy plan.
-[:material-book-outline: Learn More About Threat Modeling](basics/threat-modeling.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
+[:material-book-outline: Learn More About Threat Modeling](basics/threat-modeling.md){ class="md-button" }
+
+
+
+## Trustworthy Privacy Software Reviews
+
+
+
+
+**Privacy Guides** has a dedicated [community](https://discuss.privacyguides.net) independently reviewing various *privacy tools* and services. Each of our recommendations comply with a strict set of criteria to ensure they provide the most value to most people, and provide the best balance of privacy, security, and convenience. As part of a non-profit **public charity**, Privacy Guides has strict **journalistic standards** and policies to ensure our recommendations are free of conflict of interest, and we do not partner with providers or affiliate programs that could sway our reviews and recommendations.
+
+[:material-heart:{.pg-red} Support Our Work](about/donate.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Proton Mail**
+
+ ---
+
+ Proton Mail is an email service with a focus on privacy, encryption, security, and ease of use. They have been in operation since 2013. Proton AG is based in Genève, Switzerland. The Proton Mail Free plan comes with 500MB of Mail storage, which you can increase up to 1GB for free.
+
+ [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Read Full Review](email.md#proton-mail)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Mailbox.org**
+
+ ---
+
+ Mailbox.org is an email service with a focus on being secure, ad-free, and privately powered by 100% eco-friendly energy. They have been in operation since 2014. Mailbox.org is based in Berlin, Germany. Accounts start with up to 2GB storage, which can be upgraded as needed.
+
+ [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Read Full Review](email.md#mailboxorg)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji }{ .lg .middle .twemoji } **Tuta**
+
+ ---
+
+ Tuta (formerly *Tutanota*) is an email service with a focus on security and privacy through the use of encryption. Tuta has been in operation since 2011 and is based in Hanover, Germany. Free accounts start with 1GB of storage.
+
+ [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Read Full Review](email.md#tuta)
+
+
+
+[:material-format-list-checkbox: More Recommended **Privacy Tools**](tools.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
+[Best Mobile Browsers](mobile-browsers.md){ .md-button }
+[Top Browser Extensions](browser-extensions.md){ .md-button }
+[DNS Servers](dns.md){ .md-button }
+[Email Aliasing Services](email-aliasing.md){ .md-button }
+[Photo Organization Tools](photo-management.md){ .md-button }
+[PC Operating Systems](desktop.md){ .md-button }
+
+---
+
+## About Privacy Guides
+
+{ align=right }
+
+Established in 2021 due to the difficulty of finding unbiased reviewers in the VPN and privacy space, **Privacy Guides** is the most popular, trustworthy, non-profit website that provides information about protecting your *personal* data security and privacy. Our crowdsourced recommendations and reviews of **privacy tools** and our community dedicated to helping others set us apart from other blogs and content creators. The team behind this project has been researching privacy and security in the open-source space for over 5 years, originally with a now-defunct web resource that eventually became the *Privacy Guides* millions of readers trust.
+
+*Our website is free of advertisements and not affiliated with any of the listed providers.*
+
+As seen in **WIRED**, **Tweakers.net**, **The New York Times**, and many other publications as a reliable source for privacy and security knowledge.
+
+[:material-information: More About Who We Are](about/index.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" } [:material-email: Join our Newsletter](https://blog.privacyguides.org/#/portal/signup){ .md-button }
+
+
+
+## What are privacy tools?
+
+We recommend a wide variety of **privacy tools** (a.k.a. *privacy apps*, *privacy utilities*, *privacy software*) spanning software and hardware that you can adopt to improve your privacy. Many of the tools we recommend are completely free to use and open-source software, while some are commercial services available for purchase. Switching from mainstream data-hungry software like Google Chrome and Windows to privacy-focused tools like [Brave](desktop-browsers.md#brave) and [Linux](desktop.md) can go a long way towards controlling the information you share with companies and others.
+
+[:material-check-all: Our General Criteria](about/criteria.md){ class="md-button" }
+
+
+
+## Why does privacy matter?
+
+In the modern age of digital data exploitation, your privacy has never been more critical, yet many believe it is already a lost cause. It is not. ==Your privacy is up for grabs, and you need to care about it.== Privacy is about power, and it is so important that this power ends up in the right hands.
+
+Many people get the concepts of privacy, security, and anonymity confused. You'll see people criticize various products as "not private" when really they mean it doesn't provide anonymity, for example. On this website, we cover all three of these topics, but it is important you understand the difference between them, and when each one comes into play.
+
+[Privacy vs Security vs Anonymity](basics/why-privacy-matters.md#what-is-privacy){ class="md-button" }
diff --git a/docs/tools.md b/docs/tools.md
index a4e82b77..ae835203 100644
--- a/docs/tools.md
+++ b/docs/tools.md
@@ -9,47 +9,95 @@ description: Privacy Guides is the most transparent and reliable website for fin
If you're looking for a specific solution to something, these are the hardware and software tools we recommend in a variety of categories. Our recommended privacy tools are primarily chosen based on security features, with additional emphasis on decentralized and open-source tools. They are applicable to a variety of threat models ranging from protection against global mass surveillance programs and avoiding big tech companies to mitigating attacks, but only you can determine what will work best for your needs.
+[VPN Software](vpn.md){ .md-button }
+[Password Managers](passwords.md){ .md-button }
+[Email Providers](email.md){ .md-button }
+[Browser Extensions](browser-extensions.md){ .md-button }
+[DNS Servers](dns.md){ .md-button }
+[Email Aliasing Services](email-aliasing.md){ .md-button }
+[Photo Organization Tools](photo-management.md){ .md-button }
+
If you want assistance figuring out the best privacy tools and alternative programs for your needs, start a discussion on our [forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net) or our [Matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org) community!
For more details about each project, why they were chosen, and additional tips or tricks we recommend, click the "Learn more" link in each section, or click on the recommendation itself to be taken to that specific section of the page.
-## Tor Browser
+
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](tor.md)
+## Private Web Browsers
-## Desktop Web Browsers
+
-
+{ align=left }
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Firefox](desktop-browsers.md#firefox)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave](desktop-browsers.md#brave)
+**Tor Browser** (Desktop & Android) is the top choice if you need anonymity, as it provides you with access to the **Tor** network, a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows you to connect for free and improve your privacy and security on the Internet. Individuals and organizations can also share information over the Tor network with ".onion hidden services" without compromising their privacy. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.
+
+[Read Our Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](tor.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop-browsers.md)
-
-## Mobile Web Browsers
-
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave (Android)](mobile-browsers.md#brave)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mull (Android)](mobile-browsers.md#mull)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Safari (iOS)](mobile-browsers.md#safari)
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Mullvad Browser**
+
+ ---
+
+ **Mullvad Browser** is a version of [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) with Tor network integrations removed, aimed at providing Tor Browser's anti-fingerprinting browser technologies to VPN users.
+
+ - [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Firefox**
+
+ ---
+
+ **Firefox** is a great Chromium alternative which provides strong privacy settings such as [Enhanced Tracking Protection](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/enhanced-tracking-protection-firefox-desktop), which can help block various [types of tracking](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/enhanced-tracking-protection-firefox-desktop#w_what-enhanced-tracking-protection-blocks).
+
+ - [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop-browsers.md#firefox)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Brave Browser**
+
+ ---
+
+ **Brave** is a private-by-default browser based on Chromium, so it should feel familiar and have minimal website compatibility issues.
+
+ - [Brave Desktop Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop-browsers.md#brave)
+ - [Brave Mobile Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](mobile-browsers.md#brave)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Mull (Android)**
+
+ ---
+
+ **Mull** is a Firefox-based browser for Android centered around privacy and removing proprietary components.
+
+ - [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](mobile-browsers.md#mull)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Safari (iOS)**
+
+ ---
+
+ We recommend **Safari** alongside a tracker-blocker like [AdGuard](browser-extensions.md#adguard) on iOS, because all iOS browsers are forced to be based on Safari anyways. This reduces the number of parties you're required to trust.
+
+ - [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](mobile-browsers.md#safari)
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](mobile-browsers.md)
+
-## Browser Extensions
+
+### Browser Extensions
@@ -59,9 +107,152 @@ For more details about each project, why they were chosen, and additional tips o
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](browser-extensions.md)
+
+
+## Top 3 Private VPN Providers
+
+
+VPNs do not provide anonymity
+
+Using a VPN will **not** keep your browsing habits anonymous, nor will it add additional security to non-secure (HTTP) traffic.
+
+If you are looking for **anonymity**, you should use the Tor Browser.
+
+If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connecting to websites using HTTPS. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices.
+
+[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md)
+
+
+
+
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Proton VPN**
+
+ ---
+
+ - [x] **91+ Countries**
+ - [x] WireGuard Support
+ - [x] Cash Payments
+ - [x] Partial Port Forwarding Support
+ - [ ] No IPv6
+
+ [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md#proton-vpn)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **IVPN**
+
+ ---
+
+ - [x] **37+ Countries**
+ - [x] WireGuard Support
+ - [x] Monero & Cash Payments
+ - [ ] No Port Forwarding
+ - [ ] No IPv6
+
+ [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md#ivpn)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Mullvad**
+
+ ---
+
+ - [x] **41+ Countries**
+ - [x] WireGuard Support
+ - [x] Monero & Cash Payments
+ - [ ] No Port Forwarding
+ - [x] IPv6 Support
+
+ [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md#ivpn)
+
+
+
+## Top 3 Private Email Providers
+
+
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Proton Mail**
+
+ ---
+
+ Proton Mail is an email service with a focus on privacy, encryption, security, and ease of use. They have been in operation since 2013. Proton AG is based in Genève, Switzerland. The Proton Mail Free plan comes with 500MB of Mail storage, which you can increase up to 1GB for free.
+
+ [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md#proton-mail)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji } **Mailbox.org**
+
+ ---
+
+ Mailbox.org is an email service with a focus on being secure, ad-free, and privately powered by 100% eco-friendly energy. They have been in operation since 2014. Mailbox.org is based in Berlin, Germany. Accounts start with up to 2GB storage, which can be upgraded as needed.
+
+ [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md#mailboxorg)
+
+- { .lg .middle .twemoji }{ .lg .middle .twemoji } **Tuta**
+
+ ---
+
+ Tuta (formerly *Tutanota*) is an email service with a focus on security and privacy through the use of encryption. Tuta has been in operation since 2011 and is based in Hanover, Germany. Free accounts start with 1GB of storage.
+
+ [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md#tuta)
+
+
+
+[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email-clients.md)
+
+## More Private Service Providers
### Cloud Storage
@@ -105,40 +296,6 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](dns.md#self-hosted-dns-filtering)
-### Email
-
-
-
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md#self-hosting-email)
-
### Financial Services
#### Payment Masking Services
@@ -187,31 +344,6 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](search-engines.md)
-### VPN Providers
-
-
-VPNs do not provide anonymity
-
-Using a VPN will **not** keep your browsing habits anonymous, nor will it add additional security to non-secure (HTTP) traffic.
-
-If you are looking for **anonymity**, you should use the Tor Browser **instead** of a VPN.
-
-If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connecting to websites using HTTPS. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices.
-
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md)
-
-
-
-