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portapack-mayhem/firmware/application/external/calculator/ivt.hpp
Bernd Herzog 5a850984b9
Calculator app (#1474) 
* implemented calculator app

* improved output

* refactoring
2023-10-08 16:24:02 +02:00

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/*
## Copyright 2021, zooxo/deetee
All rights reserverd
## The 3-Clause BSD License
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
IVT (IVEE-TINY) - A FORTH-programable Scientific RPN Calculator
that fits in 8 kilobytes (Arduino, ATTINY85)
____________________
PREAMBLE
____________________
IVT (IVEE-TINY) is the smallest member of the IV-calculator series (FORTH-like
programable calculators). The name Ivee or IV stands for the roman number 4,
which was the basis for naming FORTH (4th generation programming language).
The hardware is simple:
- AVR ATTINY85 microcontroller (8192/512/512 bytes of FLASH/RAM/EEPROM)
- OLED-display (128x32, I2C, SSD1306)
- 16 keys touch sensitive keypad (TTP229-BSF, 2-wire)
- CR2032 battery
IVT was made without making compromises to offer a complete FORTH-like
programming environment and a maximum of mathematical functions (mostly
written in FORTH itself). And it's amazing, how much calculating power fits
into 8 kilobytes:
- 80 intrinsic functions based on FORTH
- A wide range of mathematical and scientific commands
(DUP DROP SWAP ROT OVER / * - + PI SQRT POWER INV INT
EXP LN SIN COS TAN ASIN ACOS ATAN GAMMA P>R R>P nPr nCr)
- Statistics, line best fit and normal distibution (CDF/PDF)
- Present value calculations
- Programming: Up to 16 user definable programs with a total of 440 steps
(< = <> > IF ELSE THEN BEGIN UNTIL)
- A solver to find roots of user defined functions
- A dictionary of all commands, words and programs
- An user definable menu for fast access to all commands, words and programs
- Storing of 10 numbers/constants (permanently)
- Adjustable brightness of the display
Have fun!
deetee
____________________
COMPILING
____________________
As IVT consumes 8190 bytes of flash memory (maximal 8192 bytes possible)
compiling with proper settings is essential. Use the Arduino IDE, load the
right library for the ATTINY85 and use the following settings:
- Library: "attiny by Davis A. Mellis"
- Board: "ATtiny25/45/85 (No bootloader)"
- Chip: "ATtiny85"
- Clock: "8 MHz (internal)"
- B.O.D. Level: B.O.D. Disabled
- Save EEPROM: "EEPROM retained"
- Timer 1 Clock: "CPU (CPU frequency)"
- LTO: "Enabled"
- millis()/micros(): "Disabled"
____________________
KEYBOARD
____________________
F(MENU) 7(SUM+) 8(PRG) 9(/)
E(SWAP) 4(DICT) 5(USR) 6(*)
N(ROT) 1(RCL) 2(STO) 3(-)
C(CA) 0(PI) .(INT) D(+)
____________________
LIMITS
____________________
As a microprocessor is primarily not made to do such complex things like
performing a powerful calculator there are some limits in performance and
resources.
Most obvious is the limited precision of the intrinsic float format (IEEE
754, 32 bit). As four bytes only are used to represent a float respective
double number the decimal digits of precision are limited to 6...7.
In addition the resources of a microcontroller are limited like the FLASH
memory (holds the executable program code), the RAM memory (holds variables
and data while running) and the EEPROM (holds permanent data like settings
or user programs). Due to the target of maximal calculating power IVT lacks
on many "features of comfort". For example there is no error control - a
division by zero results in a "non interpretable" display.
However IVT tries to offer a maximum of features, comfort and performance
with a minimum of required resources.
LIMITS:
24 ... Maximal data stack size
7 ... Maximum number of displayed significant digits of a number
10 ... Maximal amount of numbers saved permanently (0~9)
16 ... Maximal number of user programs
440 ... Maximal size (steps) of all user programs
32 ... Maximal definable command slots of user menu
____________________
BROWSING MENUS
____________________
To navigate through the menu of some functions (MENU, DICT or USR)
all selectable items are divided into four sections. Every section has its
own up and down key (section I: E/N, section II: 4/1, section III: 5/2 and
section IV: 6/3).
To select one of the four presented items use the appropriate function key
(F/7/8/9) or escape the menu with "C".
There is some kind of hidden feature: If you leave the menu with the D-key
the brightness of the display will be set (0~255, not permanent!).
____________________
COMMANDS
____________________
BASIC KEYS:
0~9. ... Digits and decimal point
EE N ... 10-exponent (actually Y*10^X) and negate (change sign)
D ... DUP (push stack) or complete number input
C ... DROP top of stack or clear entry when in number input
F ... Shift to select function keys or double press for user menu
FUNCTION KEYS:
+ - * / ... Basic operations
MENU ... Browse (and select) the user menu
SUM+ ... Enter X-data for statistics or X,Y-data for linear regression
PRG ... Edit program (00~15) - enter program number first
SWAP ... Swap the two top numbers of stack (1 2 -> 2 1)
DICT ... Browse (and select) the complete dictionary
USR ... Set dictionary entry to user menu
ROT ... Rotate stack (1 2 3 -> 2 3 1)
STO RCL ... Store/recall number - enter memory number first (0~9)
CA ... Clear stack and memories for statistics (5~7)
PI ... Push PI to stack
INT ... Integer value
DICTIONARY (4 sections):
F 7 8 9 ... F-key, numbers
EE 4 5 6 ... 10-exponent, numbers
N 1 2 3 ... NEGATE, numbers
C 0 . D ... Clear/DROP, number, dot, DUP
M S+ PR / ... MENU, SUM+, PRG edit, divide
>< DC US * ... SWAP, DICT, set USER menu, multiply
RT RC ST - ... ROT, RCL, STO, subtract
CA PI IN + ... CA (clear all), PI, INT, add
IF EL TH PC ... IF, ELSE, THEN, nPr/nCr
< = <> > ... LESSTHAN, EQUAL, NOTEQUAL, GREATERTHAN
BE UN SO I ... BEGIN, UNTIL, SOLVE, INV (1/X)
c t- E LN ... COS, ATAN, EXP, LN
s t s- c- ... SIN, TAN, ASIN, ACOS
OV SQ yx !L ... OVER, SQRT, POW (y^x), ln(GAMMA)
PV ND P> R> ... Present value, normal distribution, P->R, R->P
S+ Sc x- LR ... SUM+, SUMclr (clears memories 5~9), MEAN/STDEV, L.R.
00 01 02 03 ... User programs
04 05 06 07 ... User programs
08 09 10 11 ... User programs
12 13 14 15 ... User programs
____________________
PV, ND, P<>R, STAT
____________________
PV ... Present value of given interest rate (ie. 0.08) and periods
ND ... PDF (X) and CDF (Y) of standard normal distribution
P> R> ... Polar/Rectangular conversion
STAT ... Mean value (X) and standard deviation (Y).
Note that the memories 5~9 (see RCL/STO) are used as statistic
registers (Sxx, Sxy, n, Sx, Sy).
LR ... Line best fit (y = X * x + Y)
____________________
PROGRAMMING
____________________
IVT is able to deal with up to 16 user programs (named 00~15) with a total
number of 440 steps/commands. The maximal size per user program rises from
20 steps (program 00) to 35 steps (program 15).
To edit a program, enter the program number (00~15) followed by PRG (F-8).
The display shows P (for program), the program number (00~15), the program
step number (vary with cursor keys E and N) and the command of this step.
To insert a program step
- press a key (number or DUP),
- press a shifted key (press F twice to toggle) or
- press DICT (F-4) to select a command from the dictionary.
To delete a program step press ".".
Leave and save the program with "C".
To execute a program select the appropriate program number/name from DICT.
Please note that the first user program (00) will be used by the solver.
____________________
SOLVER
____________________
To find a root of a function (programmed in user program 00) enter an
appropriate start value and select the command SO from the dictionary.
____________________
POWER CONSUMPTION
____________________
As IVT provides a maximum of calculating power there where less resources
for a good power management (i.e. idle, screen saver, auto power off) left.
Merely the not needed timer1 and AD-convertes are set off to save
approximately 0.9 mA.
The power consumption of IVT depends mainly on the usage of the display.
That's why per default the brightness of the display is set to minimum.
Please note that you can (not permanently) set the brightness of the display
with pressing D when in any menu (takes brightness value from stack).
In total IVT consumes approximately 9 mA - so a a single battery (CR2032)
which has a capacity of approximately 200 mAh should theoretically work at
least 20 hours.
Electrical current drawn by device (approximately):
- ATTINY85 ... 5 mA
- Keypad ... 2 mA
- Display ... 1~4 mA (promt ~ display full of 8's)
____________________
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
____________________
ABS: DUP 0 LT IF NEG THEN
FRAC: DUP INT -
SINH: EXP DUP INV NEG + 2 / ... sinh=(exp(x)-exp(-x))/2
COSH: EXP DUP INV + 2 / ... cosh=(exp(x)+exp(-x))/2
TANH: 2 * EXP DUP 1 - SWAP 1 + / ... tanh=(exp(2*x)-1)/(exp(2*x)+1)
ASINH: DUP DUP * 1 + SQRT + LN ... asinh(x)=ln(x+sqrt(x*x+1))
ACOSH: DUP DUP * 1 - SQRT + LN ... acosh(x)=ln(x+sqrt(x*x-1))
ATANH: DUP 1 + SWAP NEG 1 + / SQRT LN ... atanh(x)=ln(sqrt((1+x)/(1-x)))
POW10: 1 SWAP EE
LOG: LN 1 0 LN / ... log(x)=ln(x)/ln(10)
%: OVER / 1 0 0 * ... %=x/B*100%
CHG%: OVER - OVER / 1 0 0 * ... chg%=(x-B)/B*100%
QE: OVER 2 / DUP * SWAP - SQRT SWAP 2 / NEG
SWAP OVER OVER - ROT ROT + ... x12=-p/2+-sqrt(p*p/4-q)
DEG<>RAD: DUP PI * 1 8 0 / SWAP 1 8 0-* PI /
C<>F: DUP 1 . 8 * 3 2 + SWAP 3 2 - 1 . 8 /
KM<>MI: DUP 1 . 6 0 9 3 4 4 DUP DUP ROT SWAP / ROT ROT *
M<>FT: DUP 3 . 3 7 0 0 7 9 DUP DUP ROT * ROT ROT /
CM<>IN: DUP 2 . 5 4 DUP DUP ROT SWAP / ROT ROT *
KG<>LBS: DUP 2 . 2 0 4 6 2 3 DUP DUP ROT * ROT ROT /
L<>GAL: DUP 3. 7 8 5 4 1 2 DUP DUP ROT SWAP / ROT ROT *
HMS2H: DOT 0 0 0 0 0 1 ADD // Round up to prevent leaps
DUP DUP INT SWAP OVER - 1 0 0 * INT // hh mm
ROT 3 PICK SUB 1 0 0 MULT OVER SUB 1 0 0 MULT, // ss
3 6 0 0 / SWAP 6 0 / + + // ->s ->h
H2HMS: DUP 3 6 0 0 * DUP ROT INT // h->s
SWAP OVER 3 6 0 0 * - 60 DIV INT, // hh mm
ROT OVER 6 0 MULT SUB 3 PICK 3 6 0 0 * - // ss
1 0 0 0 0 / SWAP 1 0 0 / + + // hh.mmss
nPr = n!/(n-r)! : OVER ROT ROT - 1 ROT ROT SWAP
BEGIN SWAP ROT 1 ROT + DUP ROT * SWAP ROT OVER OVER SWAP LT UNTIL DROP DROP
nCr = n!/(n-r)!/r! = nPr/r! : DUP ROT SWAP PERM 1 ROT
BEGIN ROT ROT DUP ROT SWAP / ROT ROT 1 + SWAP OVER 1 - OVER SWAP LT UNTIL DROP DROP
____________________
ATTINY85 PINS
____________________
_____
Analog0/Reset P5 H1|* U |H8 Vcc
Analog2 P3 H2| |H7 P2 SCK/Analog1
Analog3 P4 H3| |H6 P1 PWM1/MISO
GND H4|_____|H5 P0 PWM0/AREF/SDA/MOSI
____________________
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
____________________
_________________
| OLED-DISPLAY |
| 128x32 SSD1306 |
|_GND_VCC_SCK_SDA_|
| | | |
| |
__|___|___|___|__
| GND VCC P2 P0 |
| AVR ATTINY85 |
|_________P3__P1__|
| |
| |
__|___|___|___|__
| VCC GND SCL SDO |
|Keypad TTP229-BSF|
|-----------------|
| O O O O |
| |
| O O O O |
| O O O O |
| | |... Solder to enable
| O O O O | 16-key-mode (TP2=0)
| |
*/
// ***** I N C L U D E S
// #include <TinyWireM.h> // I2C wire communication with display
// #include <avr/power.h> // Needed for (simple) power management
// #include <EEPROM.h> // For saving data to EEPROM
// ***** F O N T (4x8)
// Compatibility
#define PROGMEM
typedef uint8_t byte;
typedef bool boolean;
uint8_t dummy = 0;
class A {
public:
void write(uint32_t ee, uint8_t p) {
(void)ee;
(void)p;
}
uint8_t read(uint32_t ee) {
(void)ee;
return 0;
}
uint8_t& operator[](uint32_t ee) {
(void)ee;
return dummy;
}
size_t length() {
return 0;
}
} EEPROM;
static void _keyf(void);
static void _num(void);
static void _e(void);
static void _neg(void);
static void _drop(void);
static void _dot(void);
static void _dup(void);
static void _menu(void);
static void _sumadd(void);
static void _prgedit(void);
static void _div(void); // 16 F-keys
static void _swap(void);
static void _dict(void);
static void _usrset(void);
static void _mul(void);
static void _rot(void);
static void _mrcl(void);
static void _msto(void);
static void _sub(void);
static void _clr(void);
static void _pi(void);
static void _int(void);
static void _add(void);
static void _condif(void);
static void _condelse(void);
static void _condthen(void);
static void _permcomb(void); // 32 Intrinsic functions
static void _condlt(void);
static void _condeq(void);
static void _condne(void);
static void _condgt(void);
static void _begin(void);
static void _until(void);
static void _solve(void);
static void _inv(void);
static void _cos(void);
static void _atan(void);
static void _exp(void);
static void _ln(void);
static void _sin(void);
static void _tan(void);
static void _asin(void);
static void _acos(void); // 48 Builtin functions
static void _over(void);
static void _sqrt(void);
static void _pow(void);
static void _gammaln(void);
static void _pv(void);
static void _nd(void);
static void _pol2rect(void);
static void _rect2pol(void);
static void _sumadd(void);
static void _sumclr(void);
static void _sumstat(void);
static void _sumlr(void);
#undef __I
#undef __N
#undef __O
#undef __P
#define PI 3.141592653589793
static void _numinput(byte k);
static double dpush(double d);
static double dpop(void);
static void seekmem(byte n);
static double dpush(double d);
static void apush(int addr);
static int apop(void);
static void _condseek(void);
static int eeudist(byte i);
static void _mstorcl(boolean issto);
template <class T>
void EEwrite(int ee, const T& value);
template <class T>
void EEread(int ee, T& value);
#define pgm_read_byte(_x) (*(_x))
// Font table
#define __0 0
#define __1 1
#define __2 2
#define __3 3
#define __4 4
#define __5 5
#define __6 6
#define __7 7
#define __8 8
#define __9 9
#define __A 10
#define __B 11
#define __C 12
#define __D 13
#define __E 14
#define __F 15
#define __H 16
#define __I 17
#define __L 18
#define __M 19
#define __N 20
#define __O 21
#define __P 22
#define __R 23
#define __S 24
#define __T 25
#define __U 26
#define __V 27
#define __c 28
#define __s 29
#define __t 30
#define ___ 31 // space
#define __DOT 32
#define __MULT 33
#define __ADD 34
#define __SUB 35
#define __DIV 36
#define __EM 37 // !
#define __LT 38
#define __EQ 39
#define __GT 40
#define __ARROW 41
#define __FINV 42
#define __POW1 43
#define __PI 44
#define __SQRT 45
#define __MEAN 46
#define __SWAP 47
#define FONTWIDTH 4 // Font width
const byte font[] PROGMEM = {
0xff, 0x81, 0x81, 0xff, // 0
0x00, 0x02, 0xff, 0x00, // 1
0xf9, 0x89, 0x89, 0x8f, // 2
0x81, 0x89, 0x89, 0xff, // 3
0x0f, 0x08, 0x08, 0xff, // 4
0x8f, 0x89, 0x89, 0xf9, // 5
0xff, 0x89, 0x89, 0xf8, // 6
0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0xff, // 7
0xff, 0x89, 0x89, 0xff, // 8
0x0f, 0x89, 0x89, 0xff, // 9
0xff, 0x09, 0x09, 0xff, // A
0xff, 0x89, 0x8f, 0xf8, // B
0xff, 0x81, 0x81, 0x80, // C
0x81, 0xfF, 0x81, 0xfF, // D
0xfF, 0x89, 0x89, 0x81, // E
0xfF, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01, // F
0xfF, 0x08, 0x08, 0xfF, // H
0x81, 0xff, 0x81, 0x80, // I
0xfF, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, // L
0xfF, 0x06, 0x06, 0xfF, // M
0xfF, 0x0c, 0x18, 0xfF, // N
0xff, 0x81, 0x81, 0xff, // O
0xfF, 0x09, 0x09, 0x0f, // P
0xfF, 0x09, 0xf9, 0x8f, // R
0x8f, 0x89, 0x89, 0xf8, // S
0x01, 0xff, 0x01, 0x01, // T
0xfF, 0x80, 0x80, 0xfF, // U
0x1F, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0x1F, // V
0xfc, 0x84, 0x84, 0x84, // c
0x9c, 0x94, 0x94, 0xf4, // s
0x04, 0xff, 0x84, 0x80, // t
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // space
0xc0, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, // .
0x24, 0x18, 0x18, 0x24, // *
0x10, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, // +
0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, // -
0xc0, 0x30, 0x0c, 0x03, // /
0x00, 0xbf, 0x00, 0x00, // !
0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, // <
0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, // =
0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08, // >
0x7f, 0x3e, 0x1c, 0x08, // arrow
0xff, 0xc1, 0xf5, 0xff, // inverted F
0x08, 0x08, 0x02, 0x1f, // ^-1
0x0c, 0xfc, 0x04, 0xfc, // PI
0x10, 0xff, 0x01, 0x01, // sqrt
0xda, 0x22, 0x22, 0xda, // mean
0x22, 0x72, 0x27, 0x22, // swap
};
// ***** D I S P L A Y
// DEFINES
#define CONTRAST 0x00 // Initial contrast/brightness
#define DADDRESS 0x3C // I2C slave address
#define DPAGES 4 // Lines of screen
#define DCOMMAND 0x00 // Command byte
#define DDATA 0x40 // Data byte
#define SCREENWIDTH 128 // Screen width in pixel
#define MAXSTRBUF 10 // Maximal length of string buffer sbuf[]
#define CHARW 3 // Character width (3 x FONTWIDTH)
#define CHARH 4 // Character height (4 lines)
#define DIGITS 8 // Number of digits when printing a number
#define ALMOSTZERO 1e-37 // Limits to decide if sci or fix
#define FIXMIN 1e-3 // Limits for fix display guarantee maximal
#define FIXMAX 1e7 // number of significant digits
#define PRINTNUMBER 9 // Digits to print number (small space for '.') - printsbuf
#define PRINTMENU 8 // Digits to print menu (pairs of two) - printsbuf
// VARIABLES
// static byte renderram = 0xB0, drawram = 0x40; // Masks to address GDDRAM of display
static byte sbuf[MAXSTRBUF]; // Holds string to print
static boolean isnewnumber = true; // True if stack has to be lifted before entering a new number
static byte decimals = 0; // Number of decimals entered (input after decimal dot)
static boolean isdot = false; // True if dot was pressed and decimals will be entered
// MACROS
#define _abs(x) ((x < 0) ? (-x) : (x)) // abs()-substitute macro
#define _ones(x) ((x) % 10) // Calculates ones unit
#define _tens(x) (((x) / 10) % 10) // Calculates tens unit
#define _huns(x) (((x) / 100) % 10) // Calculates hundreds unit
#define _tsds(x) (((x) / 1000) % 10) // Calculates thousands unit
// SUBPROGRAMS
// static void dbegin(void) { // Initialize communication
// TinyWireM.begin();
// }
// static void dsendstart(void) { // Start communication
// TinyWireM.beginTransmission(DADDRESS);
// }
// static bool dsendbyte(byte b) { // Send byte
// return (TinyWireM.write(b));
// }
// static void dsendstop(void) { // Stop communication
// TinyWireM.endTransmission();
// }
// static void dsenddatastart(void) { // Start data transfer
// dsendstart();
// dsendbyte(DDATA);
// }
// static void dsenddatabyte(byte b) { // Send data byte
// if (!dsendbyte(b)) {
// dsendstop();
// dsenddatastart();
// dsendbyte(b);
// }
// }
// static void dsendcmdstart(void) { // Start command transfer
// dsendstart();
// dsendbyte(DCOMMAND);
// }
// static void dsendcmd(byte cmd) { // Send command
// dsendcmdstart();
// dsendbyte(cmd);
// dsendstop();
// }
// static const byte initscreen[] PROGMEM = {
// // Initialization sequence
// 0xC8, // Set scan direction (C0 scan from COM0 to COM[N-1] or C8 mirroring)
// 0xA1, // Set segment remap (A0 regular or A1 flip)
// 0xA8, 0x1F, // Set mux ratio (N+1) where: 14<N<64 ... 3F or 1F
// 0xDA, 0x02, // COM config pin mapping: right/left left/right
// // // sequential 02 22
// // // alternate 12 32
// 0x20, 0x00, // Horizontal addressing mode (line feed after EOL)
// 0x8D, 0x14, // Charge pump (0x14 enable or 0x10 disable)
// 0x81, CONTRAST, // Set contrast (0...minimal)
// 0xAF // Display on
// };
// static void dinit(void) { // Run initialization sequence
// dbegin();
// dsendstart();
// dsendbyte(DCOMMAND);
// for (byte i = 0; i < sizeof(initscreen); i++) dsendbyte(pgm_read_byte(&initscreen[i]));
// dsendstop();
// }
// void dcontrast(byte c) { // Set contrast
// dsendcmdstart();
// dsendbyte(0x81);
// dsendbyte(c);
// dsendstop();
// }
/*static void don(void) { // Display on
dsendcmd(0xAF);
}
static void doff(void) { // Display off
dsendcmd(0xAE);
}*/
// static void drender(void) { // Render current half of GDDRAM to oled display
// renderram ^= 0x04;
// }
// static void ddisplay(void) { // Swap GDDRAM to other half and render
// drawram ^= 0x20;
// dsendcmd(drawram);
// drender();
// }
// static void dsetcursor(byte x, byte y) { // Set cursor to position (x|y)
// dsendcmdstart();
// dsendbyte(renderram | (y & 0x07));
// dsendbyte(0x10 | (x >> 4));
// dsendbyte(x & 0x0f);
// dsendstop();
// }
// static void dfill(byte b) { // Fill screen with byte/pattern b
// dsetcursor(0, 0);
// dsenddatastart();
// for (int i = 0; i < SCREENWIDTH * DPAGES; i++) dsenddatabyte(b);
// dsendstop();
// }
// static byte expand2bit(byte b) { // Expand 2 bits 000000ab
// b = (b | (b << 3)) & 0x11; // 000a000b
// for (byte i = 0; i < 3; i++) b |= (b << 1); // aaaabbbb
// return (b);
// }
static double pow10(int8_t e) { // Calculates 10 raised to the power of e
double f = 1.0F;
if (e > 0)
while (e--) f *= 10.0F;
else
while (e++) f /= 10.0F;
return (f);
}
// static void printcat(byte c, byte x) { // Print char c at position x
// for (byte y = 0; y < CHARH; y++) { // Lines (4)
// dsetcursor(x, y); // Set cursor
// for (byte j = 0; j < FONTWIDTH; j++) { // Fontbyte - shifted one pixel down
// byte bits = pgm_read_byte(&font[FONTWIDTH * c + j]); // Fontbyte
// bits = expand2bit((bits >> (y * 2)) & 0x03); // Expand 000000ab
// dsenddatastart();
// for (byte i = 0; i < CHARW; i++) dsenddatabyte(bits);
// dsendstop();
// }
// }
// }
static void printsbuf(byte digits) { // Print "digits" elements of sbuf[] (shrink ".")
int8_t dotx = 0;
for (byte i = 0; i < digits; i++) {
printcat(sbuf[i], /*(FONTWIDTH + 1) * CHARW * i + dotx*/ i);
if (digits == PRINTMENU) {
if (i != 0 && i % 2) dotx += 3; // Menu - group in pairs
} else if (sbuf[i] == __DOT)
dotx = -6; // Number - small space for dot
}
}
static void sbufclr(void) { // Clear sbuf
for (byte i = 0; i < sizeof(sbuf); i++) sbuf[i] = ___;
}
static void printnum(double f) { // Print number
int8_t ee = 0; // Fixed format
int8_t e = 1; // Exponent
long m; // Mantissa
sbufclr();
if (f < 0.0F) { // # Manage sign
f = -f;
sbuf[0] = __SUB;
}
if (f >= ALMOSTZERO && (f < FIXMIN || f >= FIXMAX)) { // # SCI format
ee = log10(f); // Exponent
if (ee < 0) ee--;
f /= pow10(ee);
}
if (f >= 1.0F) e = log10(f) + 1; // Calculate new exponent if (f !< 1)
double a = pow10(7 - e); // # Calculate pre dot
double d = (f * a + 0.5) / a; // Rounding
m = d;
for (byte i = e; i > 0; i--) {
sbuf[i] = _ones(m);
m /= 10;
}
sbuf[e + 1] = __DOT;
if ((long)f >= (long)d) d = f; // # Calculate after dot (and suppress trailing zeros)
m = (d - (long)d) * a + 0.5;
boolean istrail = true;
for (byte i = DIGITS; i > e + 1; i--) {
byte one = _ones(m);
if (!istrail || ((isnewnumber || i - e - 1 <= decimals) && (!isnewnumber || one != 0))) {
sbuf[i] = one; // Assign digit
istrail = false; // End of trailing zeros
}
m /= 10L;
}
if (ee) { // # Scientific exponent if applicable
sbuf[6] = (ee < 0) ? __SUB : ___;
if (ee < 0) ee = -ee;
sbuf[8] = _ones(ee);
sbuf[7] = _tens(ee);
}
printsbuf(PRINTNUMBER);
}
// ***** K E Y B O A R D
// Defines
#define KCLOCK 3 // SCL - Keyboard clock pin
#define KDATA 1 // SDO - Keyboard data pin
#define PREENDKEY 254 // Only evaluate keys smaller
#define ENDKEY 255 // Evaluate keys smaller
// Variables
static byte key = PREENDKEY, oldkey = PREENDKEY; // Holds entered and old key (prevent keyrepeat)
// static byte getkey(void) { // Read keypad (TTP229-BSF)
// byte k;
// for (byte i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
// digitalWrite(KCLOCK, LOW);
// k = digitalRead(KDATA);
// digitalWrite(KCLOCK, HIGH);
// if (!k) return (i);
// }
// return (ENDKEY);
// }
static byte key2nr(byte k) { // Convert key to number on keypad
if (k >= 1 && k <= 3)
return (k + 6);
else if (k >= 5 && k <= 7)
return (k - 1);
else if (k >= 9 && k <= 11)
return (k - 8);
else
return (0);
}
// ***** A P P L I C A T I O N
#define RAD (180.0F / PI) // 180/PI ... used for _atan and _cos
#define MAXCMDI 48 // Number of commands of intrinsic functions
#define MAXCMDB 64 // 120 End of builtin commands
#define MAXCMDU 80 // 160 End of user commands
#define ISF 1 // F-key demanded
#define MAXPRG 16 // Maximal number of user programs
#define MAXPRGBUF 36 // Maximal size of prgbuf
#define MEDIMENU 2 // Number of menu entry lines
#define MEDIDICT 5 // Number of dict entry lines
// EEPROM dimensions and addresses
#define MEMSTO 10 // Number of memories
#define EESTO 0 // Memories (MEMSTOx4 bytes)
#define MENUITEMS 32 // Number of selectable user menu items
#define EEMENU 40 // User menu (MENUITEMS bytes)
#define EEUSTART 72 // User programs
#define EEUEND EEPROM.length()
#define EEU (EEUEND - EEUSTART) // Available user memory
#define UL0 20 // Length of first user program
#define UN 16 // Number of user programs
// VARIABLES
static boolean isprintscreen = true; // True, if screen should be printed
// static unsigned int mp; // MEMPOINTER (builtin and user functions)
static byte setfgm = 0; // F-key variables
static byte select; // Selected options
static byte medi = 0; // MEnu and DIctionary
static boolean issetusr = false; // True if dict is used for setting usr menu
static boolean isprgdict = false; // To select dict entry for program
static byte setusrselect; // Stores selected cmd value to store
static boolean isprgedit = false; // True, if program is edited
static byte prgnr; // Number of program edited
static int prgaddr; // Address of recent program in EEPROM (includes EEUSTART)
static byte prgpos; // Position in edited program
static byte prglength; // Size of program in program buffer
static byte prgbuf[MAXPRGBUF]; // Program buffer
#define DELTAX 1E-4 // Delta for solver
static byte runs; // Solver cycle runs
static boolean issolve = false; // True if solving is demanded
#define DATASTACKSIZE 24 // DATA STACK
double ds[DATASTACKSIZE];
static byte dp = 0;
#define ADDRSTACKSIZE 24 // ADDRESS STACK
static int as[ADDRSTACKSIZE];
static byte ap = 0;
byte cl = 0; // CONDITIONAL LEVEL
// Command code defines
#define _7 1 // Intrinsic commands
#define _8 2
#define _9 3
#define _4 5
#define _5 6
#define _6 7
#define _NEG 8
#define _1 9
#define _2 10
#define _3 11
#define _DROP 12
#define _0 13
#define _DOT 14
#define _DUP 15
#define _DIV 19
#define _SWAP 20
#define _MULT 23
#define _RCL 25
#define _STO 26
#define _ROT 24
#define _SUB 27
#define _PI 29
#define _ADD 31
#define _IF 32
#define _ELSE 33
#define _THEN 34
#define _LT 36
#define _NE 38
#define _INV 43
#define _BEGIN 40
#define _UNTIL 41
#define _COS 44
#define _ATAN 45
#define _EXP 46
#define _LN 47
#define _SIN MAXCMDI + 0 // Builtin commands (mem)
#define _TAN MAXCMDI + 1
#define _ASIN MAXCMDI + 2
#define _ACOS MAXCMDI + 3
#define _OVER MAXCMDI + 4
#define _SQRT MAXCMDI + 5
#define _POW MAXCMDI + 6
#define _PV MAXCMDI + 7
#define _SUMADD MAXCMDI + 8
#define _SUMCLR MAXCMDI + 9
#define _SUMLR MAXCMDI + 10
#define _SUMSTAT MAXCMDI + 11
#define _GAMMALN MAXCMDI + 12
#define _POL2RECT MAXCMDI + 13
#define _RECT2POL MAXCMDI + 14
#define _ND MAXCMDI + 15
#define _PERMCOMB MAXCMDI + 16
#define _END 255 // Function delimiter
// Builtin functions (mem)
const byte mem[] PROGMEM = {
_END, // Necessary to prevent function starting with mp = 0
_9,
_0,
_SWAP,
_SUB,
_COS,
_END, // 0 SIN =cos(90-x)
_DUP,
_SIN,
_SWAP,
_COS,
_DIV,
_END, // 1 TAN =sin/cos
_DUP,
_MULT,
_INV,
_1,
_SUB,
_SQRT,
_INV,
_ATAN,
_END, // 2 ASIN =atan(1/(sqrt(1/x/x-1))
_DUP,
_MULT,
_INV,
_1,
_SUB,
_SQRT,
_ATAN,
_END, // 3 ACOS =atan(sqrt(1/x/x-1))
_SWAP,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_ROT,
_END, // 4 OVER
_DUP,
_0,
_NE,
_IF,
_LN,
_2,
_DIV,
_EXP,
_THEN,
_END, // 5 SQRT =exp(ln(x)/2)
_SWAP,
_LN,
_MULT,
_EXP,
_END, // 6 POW a^b=exp(b*ln(a))
_OVER,
_1,
_ADD,
_SWAP,
_POW,
_DUP,
_1,
_SUB,
_SWAP,
_DIV,
_SWAP,
_DIV,
_END, // 7 PV PV(i,n)=((1+i)^n-1)/(1+i)^n/i
_7,
_RCL,
_1,
_ADD,
_7,
_STO, // 8 SUMADD - n
_DUP,
_8,
_RCL,
_ADD,
_8,
_STO, // X
_DUP,
_DUP,
_MULT,
_5,
_RCL,
_ADD,
_5,
_STO, // XX
_OVER,
_MULT,
_6,
_RCL,
_ADD,
_6,
_STO, // XY
_9,
_RCL,
_ADD,
_9,
_STO,
_7,
_RCL,
_END, // Y push(n)
_0,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP, // 9 CLRSUMCLR
_5,
_STO,
_6,
_STO,
_7,
_STO,
_8,
_STO,
_9,
_STO,
_END,
_6,
_RCL,
_7,
_RCL,
_MULT,
_8,
_RCL,
_9,
_RCL,
_MULT,
_SUB, // 10 SUMLR - a
_5,
_RCL,
_7,
_RCL,
_MULT,
_8,
_RCL,
_DUP,
_MULT,
_SUB,
_DIV,
_DUP,
_8,
_RCL,
_MULT,
_NEG,
_9,
_RCL,
_ADD,
_7,
_RCL,
_DIV,
_SWAP,
_END, // b
_8,
_RCL,
_7,
_RCL,
_DIV, // 11 STAT - mean (X/n)
_DUP,
_DUP,
_MULT,
_7,
_RCL,
_MULT,
_NEG,
_5,
_RCL,
_ADD, // stddev (XX-n*m^2)/(n-1)
_7,
_RCL,
_1,
_SUB,
_DIV,
_SQRT,
_SWAP,
_END,
_1,
_ADD,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_1,
_2,
_MULT, // 12 GAMMALN: ln!=(ln(2*PI)-ln(x))/2+x*(ln(x+1/(12*x-1/10/x))-1)
_SWAP,
_1,
_0,
_MULT,
_INV,
_SUB,
_INV,
_ADD,
_LN,
_1,
_SUB,
_MULT,
_SWAP,
_LN,
_NEG,
_2,
_PI,
_MULT,
_LN,
_ADD,
_2,
_DIV,
_ADD,
_END,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_DUP,
_COS,
_SWAP,
_SIN,
_ROT,
_MULT,
_ROT,
_ROT,
_MULT,
_END, // 13 P>R y=r*sin(a) x=r*cos(a)
_DUP,
_MULT,
_SWAP,
_DUP,
_MULT,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_ADD,
_SQRT, // 14 R>P r=sqrt(x*x+y*y) a=atan(y/x)
_ROT,
_ROT,
_DIV,
_SQRT,
_ATAN,
_SWAP,
_END,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_DUP,
_MULT,
_MULT,
_DOT,
_0,
_7,
_MULT, // 15 ND
_SWAP,
_1,
_DOT,
_6,
_MULT,
_NEG,
_ADD,
_EXP,
_1,
_ADD,
_INV,
_SWAP, // CDF ~ 1/(1+exp(-0.07*x^3-1.6*x))
_DUP,
_MULT,
_NEG,
_2,
_DIV,
_EXP,
_2,
_PI,
_MULT,
_SQRT,
_INV,
_MULT,
_END, // PDF = exp(-x*x/2)/sqrt(2*PI)
_DUP,
_ROT,
_SWAP, // 16 PERM COMB
_OVER,
_ROT,
_ROT,
_SUB,
_1,
_ROT,
_ROT,
_SWAP, // PERM
_BEGIN,
_SWAP,
_ROT,
_1,
_ROT,
_ADD,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_MULT,
_SWAP,
_ROT,
_OVER,
_OVER,
_SWAP,
_LT,
_UNTIL,
_DROP,
_DROP,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_1,
_SWAP, // COMB
_BEGIN,
_ROT,
_ROT,
_DUP,
_ROT,
_SWAP,
_DIV,
_ROT,
_ROT,
_1,
_ADD,
_SWAP,
_OVER,
_1,
_SUB,
_OVER,
_SWAP,
_LT,
_UNTIL,
_DROP,
_DROP,
_END,
};
// Command names
static const byte cmd[] PROGMEM = {
__FINV,
___,
___,
__7,
___,
__8,
___,
__9, // 0 Primary keys
__E,
__E,
___,
__4,
___,
__5,
___,
__6,
__N,
___,
___,
__1,
___,
__2,
___,
__3,
__C,
___,
___,
__0,
___,
__DOT,
___,
__D,
__M,
___,
__S,
__ADD,
__P,
__R,
___,
__DIV, // 16 F-keys
__SWAP,
___,
__D,
__C,
__U,
__S,
___,
__MULT,
__R,
__T,
__R,
__C,
__S,
__T,
___,
__SUB,
__C,
__A,
__PI,
___,
__I,
__N,
___,
__ADD,
__I,
__F,
__E,
__L,
__T,
__H,
__P,
__C, // 32 Intrinsic functions
__LT,
___,
__EQ,
___,
__LT,
__GT,
___,
__GT,
__B,
__E,
__U,
__N,
__S,
__O,
__I,
___,
__c,
___,
__t,
__POW1,
__E,
___,
__L,
__N,
__s,
___,
__t,
___,
__s,
__POW1,
__c,
__POW1, // 48 Builtin functions
__O,
__V,
__SQRT,
___,
__P,
___,
__EM,
__L,
__P,
__V,
__N,
__D,
__P,
__ARROW,
__R,
__ARROW,
__S,
__ADD,
__S,
__c,
__MEAN,
___,
__L,
__R,
__0,
__0,
__0,
__1,
__0,
__2,
__0,
__3, // 64 User functions
__0,
__4,
__0,
__5,
__0,
__6,
__0,
__7,
__0,
__8,
__0,
__9,
__1,
__0,
__1,
__1,
__1,
__2,
__1,
__3,
__1,
__4,
__1,
__5,
};
// FUNCTION POINTER ARRAY
static void (*dispatch[])(void) = {
// Function pointer array
&_keyf,
&_num,
&_num,
&_num, // 00 Primary keys
&_e,
&_num,
&_num,
&_num,
&_neg,
&_num,
&_num,
&_num,
&_drop,
&_num,
&_dot,
&_dup,
&_menu,
&_sumadd,
&_prgedit,
&_div, // 16 F-keys
&_swap,
&_dict,
&_usrset,
&_mul,
&_rot,
&_mrcl,
&_msto,
&_sub,
&_clr,
&_pi,
&_int,
&_add,
&_condif,
&_condelse,
&_condthen,
&_permcomb, // 32 Intrinsic functions
&_condlt,
&_condeq,
&_condne,
&_condgt,
&_begin,
&_until,
&_solve,
&_inv,
&_cos,
&_atan,
&_exp,
&_ln,
&_sin,
&_tan,
&_asin,
&_acos, // 48 Builtin functions
&_over,
&_sqrt,
&_pow,
&_gammaln,
&_pv,
&_nd,
&_pol2rect,
&_rect2pol,
&_sumadd,
&_sumclr,
&_sumstat,
&_sumlr,
};
// static void _nop(void) {} // NOP - no operation
static void _num(void) { // Insert number
_numinput(key2nr(key));
}
static void _add(void) { // ADD +
dpush(dpop() + dpop());
}
static void _acos(void) { // ACOS
seekmem(_ACOS);
}
static void _asin(void) { // ASIN
seekmem(_ASIN);
}
static void _atan(void) { // ATAN
dpush(atan(dpop()) * RAD);
}
static void _begin(void) { // BEGIN
apush(mp);
}
static void _ce(void) { // CE
if (isdot) {
if (decimals) {
decimals--;
double a = pow10(decimals);
dpush(((long)(dpop() * a) / a));
} else
isdot = false;
} else {
long a = dpop() / 10.0F;
if (!a)
isnewnumber = true;
else
dpush(a);
}
}
static void _clr(void) { // CLR
dp = 0;
_sumclr();
}
static void _condelse(void) { // CONDITION ELSE
_condseek(); // Seek next THEN
cl--;
}
static void _condeq(void) { // CONDITION =
dpush(dpop() == dpop());
}
static void _condgt(void) { // CONDITION >
dpush(dpop() < dpop());
}
static void _condif(void) { // CONDITION IF
cl++; // Increment conditional level
if (!dpop()) _condseek(); // FALSE-Clause - seek next ELSE or THEN
}
static void _condlt(void) { // CONDITION <
_condgt();
dpush(!dpop());
}
static void _condne(void) { // CONDITION <>
_condeq();
dpush(!dpop());
}
static void _condseek(void) { // CONDITION - seek next ELSE or THEN
boolean isloop = true;
byte cltmp = 0; // Local conditional level
while (isloop) {
byte c = 0;
if (mp < sizeof(mem))
c = pgm_read_byte(mem + mp++); // Builtin
else if (mp < sizeof(mem) + EEU)
c = EEPROM[mp++ - sizeof(mem) + EEUSTART];
if (mp >= sizeof(mem) + EEU)
isloop = false; // No corresponding ELSE or THEN
else if (c == _IF)
cltmp++; // Nested IF found
else if (cltmp && c == _THEN)
cltmp--; // Nested IF ended
else if (!cltmp && (c == _ELSE || c == _THEN))
isloop = false;
}
}
static void _condthen(void) { // CONDITION THEN
cl--; // Decrement conditional level
}
static void _cos(void) { // COS
dpush(cos(dpop() / RAD));
}
static void _dict(void) { // DICT
select = 0;
medi = MEDIDICT;
}
static void _div(void) { // DIV /
_inv();
_mul();
}
static void _dot(void) { // DOT .
if (isnewnumber) {
dpush(0.0F); // Start new number with 0
decimals = 0;
isnewnumber = false;
}
isdot = true;
}
static void _drop(void) { // DROP
if (!isnewnumber)
_ce(); // Clear entry
else if (dp)
dp--; // Clear TOS
}
static void _dup(void) { // DUP
if (isnewnumber && dp) dpush(ds[dp - 1]);
}
static void _e(void) { // E
dpush(pow10(dpop()));
_mul();
}
static void _exp(void) { // EXP
boolean isneg = false; // True for negative x
if (dpush(dpop()) < 0.0F) { // Taylor series ist weak for negative x ... calculate exp(-x)=1/exp(x)
_neg();
isneg = true;
}
dpush(1.0F); // Stack: x res
for (byte i = 255; i; i--) {
_swap();
_dup();
_rot(); // Duplicate x (TOS-1)
dpush(i);
_div();
_mul();
dpush(1.0F);
_add(); // res = 1.0 + x * res / i;
}
if (isneg) _inv(); // Negative argument
_swap();
_drop(); // Remove x (TOS-1)
}
static void _gammaln(void) { // GAMMALN
seekmem(_GAMMALN);
}
static void _int(void) { // INT
dpush((long)dpop());
}
static void _inv(void) { // INV
dpush(1.0F / dpop());
}
static void _keyf(void) { // KEY-F
fgm = ISF;
setfgm = 0;
}
static void _ln(void) { // LN
dpush(log(dpop()));
}
static void _menu(void) { // MENU
select = 0;
medi = MEDIMENU;
}
static void _mrcl(void) { // MRCL
_mstorcl(false);
}
static void _msto(void) { // MSTO
_mstorcl(true);
}
static void _mstorcl(boolean issto) { // MRCL
byte nr = dpop();
byte addr = EESTO + nr * sizeof(double); // Has to be <255 (byte)
if (nr < MEMSTO) {
if (issto)
EEwrite(addr, dpop());
else {
double a;
EEread(addr, a);
dpush(a);
}
}
}
static void _mul(void) { // MULT *
dpush(dpop() * dpop());
}
/*static void _nand(void) { // NAND
long b = dpop();
dpush(~((long)dpop() & b));
}*/
static void _nd(void) { // ND
seekmem(_ND);
}
static void _neg(void) { // NEGATE
dpush(-dpop());
}
static void _numinput(byte k) { // NUM Numeric input (0...9)
if (isdot) { // Append decimal
dpush(k);
dpush(pow10(++decimals));
_div();
_add();
} else if (isnewnumber)
dpush((double)k); // Push new numeral
else { // Append numeral
dpush(10.0F);
_mul();
dpush(k);
_add();
}
isnewnumber = false;
}
static void _over(void) { // OVER
seekmem(_OVER);
}
void _permcomb(void) { // PERM COMB
seekmem(_PERMCOMB);
}
static void _pi(void) { // PI
dpush(PI);
}
void _pol2rect(void) { // POL2RECT
seekmem(_POL2RECT);
}
void _pow(void) { // POWER
seekmem(_POW);
}
void _pv(void) { // PRESENT VALUE
seekmem(_PV);
}
static void _prgedit(void) { // PRGEDIT
isprgedit = true;
if ((prgnr = dpop()) >= MAXPRG) prgnr = 0;
prgpos = prglength = 0;
prgaddr = EEUSTART + eeudist(prgnr);
byte len = prgnr + UL0, prgstep = EEPROM[prgaddr]; // Max program length and first step
while (prglength < len && prgstep != _END) {
prgbuf[prglength] = prgstep; // Load step from EEPROM to prgbuf
prgstep = EEPROM[prgaddr + ++prglength]; // Next step
}
}
void _rect2pol(void) { // RECT2POL
seekmem(_RECT2POL);
}
static void _rot(void) { // ROT
if (dp > 2) {
double a = dpop(), b = dpop(), c = dpop();
dpush(b);
dpush(a);
dpush(c);
}
}
static void _sin(void) { // SIN
seekmem(_SIN);
}
static void _solve(void) { // SOLVE
_dup();
_dup(); // 3 x0 on stack
runs = 0;
issolve = true;
}
static void _sqrt(void) { // SQRT
seekmem(_SQRT);
}
static void _sub(void) { // SUB -
_neg();
_add();
}
static void _sumadd(void) { // SUM+
seekmem(_SUMADD);
}
static void _sumclr(void) { // SUMclr
seekmem(_SUMCLR);
}
static void _sumlr(void) { // SUM LR
seekmem(_SUMLR);
}
static void _sumstat(void) { // SUM STAT
seekmem(_SUMSTAT);
}
static void _swap(void) { // SWAP
if (dp > 1) {
double a = dpop(), b = dpop();
dpush(a);
dpush(b);
}
}
static void _tan(void) { // TAN
seekmem(_TAN);
}
static void _until(void) { // UNTIL
if (!ap)
; // No BEGIN for this UNTIL
else if (dpop())
apop(); // Go on (delete return address)
else
apush(mp = apop()); // Go back to BEGIN
}
static void _usrset(void) { // USR
select = 0;
medi = MEDIDICT;
issetusr = true;
}
// SUBPROGRAMS
static void delayshort(byte ms) { // Delay in ms (8MHz)
for (long k = 0; k < ms * 8000L; k++) __asm__ __volatile__("nop\n\t");
}
static int eeudist(byte i) { // Distance of user program number i from EEUSTART
return ((2 * UL0 + i - 1) * i / 2);
}
static void execute(byte cmd) { // Execute command
if (cmd < MAXCMDB)
(*dispatch[cmd])(); // Dispatch intrinsic/builtin command
else if (cmd < MAXCMDU)
mp = eeudist(cmd - MAXCMDB) + sizeof(mem); // Execute user command
if ((cmd % 4 == 0 && cmd != 12) || cmd > 14) { // New number - except: 0-9. DROP
decimals = 0;
isdot = false;
isnewnumber = true;
}
if (fgm && setfgm) fgm = setfgm = 0; // Hold demanded F-key status one cycle
setfgm = 1;
}
static void prgstepins(byte c) { // Insert step (character c in prgbuf at prgeditstart)
for (byte i = prglength; i > prgpos; i--) prgbuf[i] = prgbuf[i - 1];
prgbuf[prgpos + 1] = c;
prglength++;
prgpos++;
}
template <class T>
void EEwrite(int ee, const T& value) { // Write any datatype to EEPROM
const byte* p = (const byte*)(const void*)&value;
for (byte i = 0; i < sizeof(value); i++) EEPROM.write(ee++, *p++);
}
template <class T>
void EEread(int ee, T& value) { // Read any datatype from EEPROM
byte* p = (byte*)(void*)&value;
for (byte i = 0; i < sizeof(value); i++) *p++ = EEPROM.read(ee++);
}
static void upn(byte n, byte l) { // Selection up l lines
if (select > n * l && select <= (n + 1) * l - 1)
select--;
else
select = (n + 1) * l - 1;
}
static void downn(byte n, byte l) { // Selection down l lines
if (select >= n * l && select < (n + 1) * l - 1)
select++;
else
select = n * l;
}
static byte menuselect(byte lines) { // Selection (1 line = 16 items)
char k = key;
if (k <= 3)
return (select * 4 + k); // Execute
else if (k >= 4 && k <= 7)
upn(k - 4, lines); // # Up
else if (k >= 8 && k <= 11)
downn(k - 8, lines); // # Down0
if (k == 12) return (ENDKEY); // Escape
/*if (k == 13) { // Hidden feature: Display off
doff();
return (ENDKEY);
}*/
if (k == 15) { // Hidden feature: Set contrast
// dcontrast(dpop());
return (ENDKEY);
}
return (PREENDKEY);
}
// *** S T A C K
static void floatstack() {
memcpy(ds, &ds[1], (DATASTACKSIZE - 1) * sizeof(double));
dp--;
}
static double dpush(double d) { // Push complex number to data-stack
if (dp >= DATASTACKSIZE) floatstack(); // Float stack
return (ds[dp++] = d);
}
static double dpop(void) { // Pop real number from data-stack
return (dp ? ds[--dp] : 0.0F);
}
static void apush(int addr) { // Push address (int) to address-stack
as[ap++] = addr;
}
static int apop(void) { // Pop address (int) from address-stack
return (ap ? as[--ap] : NULL);
}
static void seekmem(byte n) { // Find run-address (mp) of n-th builtin function
mp = 0;
while (n + 1 - MAXCMDI)
if (pgm_read_byte(&mem[mp++]) == _END) n--;
}
// ***** P R I N T I N G
static boolean printscreen(void) { // Print screen due to state
// dfill(0x00);
if (medi) { // MEnu or DIct
for (byte i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
byte nr = select * 4 + i;
if (medi == MEDIMENU) nr = EEPROM[EEMENU + nr];
for (byte j = 0; j < 2; j++) sbuf[2 * i + j] = pgm_read_byte(&cmd[2 * nr + j]);
}
printsbuf(PRINTMENU);
}
else if (isprgedit) { // # Edit program
sbuf[0] = ___;
sbuf[1] = __P;
sbuf[3] = _ones(prgnr);
sbuf[2] = _tens(prgnr); // Program number
sbuf[5] = _ones(prgpos);
sbuf[4] = _tens(prgpos); // Program pos
for (byte i = 0; i < 2; i++) sbuf[6 + i] = pgm_read_byte(&cmd[2 * prgbuf[prgpos] + i]); // Command
printsbuf(PRINTMENU);
}
else if (dp)
printnum(ds[dp - 1]); // Stack
else
printcat(__ARROW, 0); // Empty stack prompt
if (!isnewnumber) printcat(__ARROW, 0); // Num input indicator
if (fgm) printcat(__FINV, 0); // F indicator
// ddisplay();
return (false); // To determine isprintscreen
}
// ***** S E T U P A N D L O O P
// void setup() {
// dinit(); // Init display
// drender(); // Render current half of GDDRAM
// pinMode(KCLOCK, OUTPUT);
// pinMode(KDATA, INPUT); // Init keyboard pins
// // power_timer0_disable(); // Power off timer0 (saves 0.1 mA)
// power_timer1_disable(); // Power off timer1 (saves 0.6 mA)
// ADCSRA &= ~bit(ADEN); // Power off AD converter (saves 0.4 mA)
// }
void loop() {
if (isprintscreen) isprintscreen = printscreen(); // Print screen
if (mp) { // *** Execute/run code
if (mp < sizeof(mem))
key = pgm_read_byte(&mem[mp++]); // Builtin
else if (mp < sizeof(mem) + EEU)
key = EEPROM[mp++ - sizeof(mem) + EEUSTART]; // User
else
mp = 0; // cmd > MAXCMDU
if (key >= MAXCMDI && key != _END) apush(mp); // Subroutine detected - branch
if (key == _END) { // _END reached
if (ap)
mp = apop(); // End of subroutine - return
else { // End of run
mp = 0;
if (!issolve) isprintscreen = true; // Print screen if not in solver
}
} else
execute(key);
}
else { // *** No run - get key
key = getkey(); // READ KEY
delayshort(1); // Give keypad some time to settle
if (issolve) { // # SOLVE
if (++runs < 3) {
if (runs == 2) { // Second run - f(x0+dx)
_swap();
dpush(DELTAX);
_add(); // x0+DELTAX ... Prepare new x-value
}
execute(MAXCMDB); // Execute first user program
} else { // Third run - x1
_swap();
_div();
dpush(-1.0);
_add(); // f1/f0-1
dpush(DELTAX);
_swap();
_div(); // diffx=DELTAX/(f1/f0-1)
double diffx = dpush(dpop()); // Rescue diffx for exit condition
_sub(); // x1=x0-diffx ... improved x-value
runs = 0;
if (diffx < DELTAX && diffx > -DELTAX) { // Exit
isnewnumber = isprintscreen = true;
issolve = false;
} else { // 3 x1 on stack
_dup();
_dup();
}
}
}
if (key != oldkey) {
oldkey = key; // New valid key is old key
if (key < ENDKEY) {
// don(); // Wake up display (in case of doff)
if (medi) { // ### Menu or Dict
byte sel = menuselect(medi);
if (sel < PREENDKEY) { // Item selected
if (medi == MEDIMENU) { // # MENU
if (issetusr) { // Save user menu entry
EEPROM[EEMENU + sel] = setusrselect;
issetusr = false;
} else
execute(EEPROM[EEMENU + sel]); // Execute selected command
medi = 0;
} else { // # DICT
if (issetusr) { // Go on to menu
setusrselect = sel;
select = 0;
medi = MEDIMENU;
} else if (isprgdict) { // Go back to prgedit
prgstepins(sel);
isprgdict = false;
isprgedit = true;
medi = 0;
} else {
execute(sel); // Execute command directly
medi = 0;
}
}
} else if (sel == ENDKEY) {
issetusr = false; // Escape
medi = 0;
}
}
else if (isprgedit) { // ### Program edit
if (key == 0)
fgm = fgm ? 0 : ISF; // # F-key toggle
else if (key == 5 && fgm == ISF) { // # F-4 ... insert step via dict
select = fgm = 0;
medi = MEDIDICT;
isprgdict = true;
isprgedit = false;
} else if (fgm == ISF) { // # Insert F-shifted key
prgstepins(key + fgm * 16);
fgm = 0;
} else if (key == 4) { // # Up
if (prgpos) prgpos--; /// else if (prglength) prgpos = prglength - 1;
} else if (key == 8) { // # Down
if (prgpos < prglength - 1) prgpos++; /// else prgpos = 0;
} else if (key == 12) { // # Escape and save program to EEPROM
for (byte i = 0; i < prglength; i++) EEPROM[prgaddr + i] = prgbuf[i];
EEPROM[prgaddr + prglength] = _END;
isprgedit = false;
} else if (key == 14) { // # Dot - Delete step
if (prglength) {
for (byte i = prgpos; i < prglength; i++) prgbuf[i] = prgbuf[i + 1];
prglength--;
}
} else
prgstepins(key); // # Insert direct key
}
else
execute(key + fgm * 16); // ### Execute key
isprintscreen = true;
}
}
} // End of evaluating key
}
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