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on cryptokitties giveBirth() frontrunning

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## 🥩 frontrunning (or PGA, priority gas auction)
<br>
### tl, dr
<br>
* determine what gas price is required to win a gas auction.
* process by which an adversary observes transactions on the network layer and then acts upon this information by, for instance, issuing a competing transaction, with the hope that this transaction is mined before a victim transaction.
* example: transaction A is broadcasted with a higher gas price than an already pending transaction B so that A gets mined before B.
* rather than programming complx algorithms to detect profitable MEV opportunities, some searchers run generalized frontrunners. These are bots that watch the mempool to detect profitable transactions.
* frontrunners will copy the potentially profitable transaction's code and replace addresses with theirs. Then, they submit the modified transaction with the replaced address and a higher gas price, frontrunning the original transaction and getting the searcher's MEV.
<br>
---
### resources
* [shutter frontrunning protection](https://github.com/shutter-network/shutter)
* [on cryptokitties `giveBirth()` frontrunning](https://maven11.substack.com/p/modular-mev-part-1the-introduction)