diff --git a/The-Merge/README.md b/The-Merge/README.md index 10629d4..b0cd0ec 100644 --- a/The-Merge/README.md +++ b/The-Merge/README.md @@ -27,3 +27,30 @@ ### validators * [Beacon Chain Explorer](https://prater.beaconcha.in/) + + +
+ +--- + + +### Definitions + + +* LMD-GHOST: latest message drive greediest heaviest observed subtree, the fork choice rule determining which block is viewed as the current chain head. + +* Casper FFG: the finality gadget used in Ethereum PoS which moves blocks from the "proposed" to "justified" to "finalized" stage. + +* Gasper: Ethereum’s PoS implementation, a combination of the LMD-GHOST fork choice rule, Casper FFG, and the specific reward/penalty scheme. + +* RANDAO: random number generation scheme used to select block proposers, sort validators into committees, etc. + +* BLS: cryptographic signature scheme used for validator attestations. + +* inactivity leak: validators which don’t submit attestations are penalized if the chain stops finalizing. + +* slashing: validators which maliciously propose or attest to multiple blocks at the same height have their stake reduced. + +* proposer boost: a modification to LMD-GHOST giving additional weight to blocks proposed earlier in the slot to defend against avalanche attacks, see an explanation of a 7-block reorg in the beacon chain while this update was being rolled out. + +